JP3657327B2 - Far-infrared radiation device and dryer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a far-infrared radiation device having a wind tunnel through which hot air passes, and a dryer mainly used for drying cereals using the far-infrared radiation device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Circulation type grain dryers (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 56-82372, 57-124680, etc.) have a hopper portion at the top, a hot air drying path at the bottom, a threshing machine for circulation, and cerealing After the machine is placed and a certain amount of cereal is stuck in the hopper part, the cereal is passed through the hot air drying path from the lower part of the hopper part at a predetermined flow rate and returned to the hopper part again. In the hot air drying path, moisture in the surface layer of the grain is removed, and tempering is performed in the hopper to move the moisture inside the grain to the surface side to make it uniform, gradually keeping the moisture of the grain in equilibrium. Reduced to As a result, grain deterioration and shell cracking due to rapid drying are prevented.
[0003]
Dry hot air is supplied from a hot air supply device consisting of a burner and a blower to the hot air drying path, but the high-temperature heat produced by the burner combustion is diluted with the outside air so as not to damage the grains that are to be dried. The temperature is set appropriately. Moreover, since about half of the hot air for drying is discharged without drying the cereal, energy efficiency is low. In addition, when hot air is directly exposed to cereals, there is a disadvantage that damage such as torso cracking is likely to occur in cereals.
[0004]
On the other hand, there is a cereal drying method using far infrared rays. In this method, the far-infrared radiation radiated from the heated wind tunnel surface of the far-infrared radiation device is absorbed by the cereal and dried, but the electromagnetic waves are directly absorbed by the cereal and most of the thermal energy is dried by the cereal. Energy efficient and less cereal damage.
[0005]
However, the wind tunnel cylinder in the conventional far-infrared radiation device has a high surface temperature on the hot air supply side connected to the hot air generating device including a burner and a blower, and the exhaust air side is relatively low. For this reason, the amount of energy of far infrared rays irradiated to cereals becomes uneven depending on the location, resulting in uneven drying. There was a case of damage.
[0006]
The above is not limited to the drying of cereals, but can be observed for the general drying of dried objects that are not suitable for rapid drying.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a far-infrared radiation device in which the amount of far-infrared radiation is substantially uniform in the longitudinal direction of the wind tunnel, and to provide a dryer without drying unevenness using the far-infrared radiation device.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[Far infrared radiation equipment]
In the wind tunnel cylinder with one end as the hot air supply side and the other end as the exhaust air side, the outer cylinder is fitted in a non-contact manner on the outer periphery near the hot air supply side, thereby the hot wind supply side portion that becomes the high temperature of the wind tunnel cylinder The far-infrared radiation is once received by the outer cylinder, and the far-infrared radiation adjusted from the outer cylinder is emitted again, so that the far-infrared radiation device as a whole makes the far-infrared radiation distribution uniform.
[0009]
A ventilation resistance plate is arranged inside the wind tunnel near the exhaust side, thereby adjusting the flow of hot air inside the wind tunnel, making the heat conduction from the hot wind to the surface portion of the wind tunnel almost equal, The far-infrared radiation device as a whole may have a uniform far-infrared radiation distribution.
In order to make the far-infrared radiation distribution uniform, it is preferable to use both the outer cylinder and the ventilation resistance plate.
[0010]
〔Dryer〕
A far-infrared radiation device having the above-described configuration is disposed in the path of the object to be dried, and far-infrared energy absorbed by the grain is used for drying.
It may be combined with a hot air drying path that crosses the path of the object to be dried, and the wind tunnel exhaust in the far-infrared radiation device may be connected to the hot air drying path.
There are cases where a preheating unit and a drying unit are provided in a passage of an object to be dried, and a far-infrared radiation device is disposed in the preheating unit.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show the overall structure of the vertical circulation type grain dryer 1, and the inside of the box-shaped body 2 is divided into an upper preheating unit 3 and a lower drying unit 4. A cerealing machine 5 such as a screw conveyor is disposed below. A cerealing machine 6 is arranged outside the machine body 2 so that the grains sent from the cerealing machine 5 are fed back to the preheating unit 3 again.
[0012]
In the preheating unit 3, a far-infrared radiation device 7 is horizontally mounted between the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9 of the airframe 2 at the lower central part (FIG. 1), and is an inverted V-shaped cross section in the front-rear direction above it. The lower part of the preheating part 3 is formed in the two hopper parts 12 (a, b) by the separating fluid 10 that is spread out in the shape of the shade and the guide body 11 protruding from the left and right side walls. The separation fluid 10 is formed of a porous steel plate provided with holes on the entire surface so that grains do not escape, or a non-porous steel plate.
[0013]
The upper part of the preheating chamber 3 is a wide and integral space, communicates with the discharge port of the cerealing machine 6, and a grain body 13 is arranged on the ceiling. The milled grain 13 is driven and rotated by a motor.
[0014]
The drying unit 4 is formed spatially continuously in the lower part of the preheating chamber 3, and has a cylindrical hot air passage 14 that is horizontally installed from the front wall 8 to the rear wall 9 of the machine body 2 in the lower center part. And cylindrical exhaust passages 15 (a, b) disposed on both lower sides thereof. Reference numerals 16 and 17 are separation fluids.
[0015]
The lower half wall surface 18 (a, b) of the hot air passage 14 and the inner side wall surface 19 (a, b) of the exhaust air passage 15 are formed of porous steel plates, and the lower half wall surface 18 a of the hot air passage 14 and the exhaust air passage are formed. Fifteen inner side wall surfaces 19a, similarly, the lower half wall surface 18b and the inner side wall surface 19b are arranged in parallel with a narrow space to constitute a hot air drying path 20 (a, b).
The hot-air drying path 20 (a, b) is inclined downward in the center, and a fixed amount feeding device 21 such as an impeller is disposed at each lower end.
[0016]
The upper part of the drying unit 4 is a wide and integral space, and the far-infrared radiation device 7 is exposed upward.
The lower part of the drying unit 4 is configured in a hopper shape, and the cereal feeder 5 is arranged in the center of the bottom part.
[0017]
The far-infrared radiation device 7 (FIG. 4) includes a wind tunnel cylinder 22 and first and second outer cylinders 23 and 24, a ventilation resistance plate 25, and a hot air generator 28 composed of a burner 26 and a blower 27. The hot air generating device 28 is disposed outside the airframe 2 and connected to one end of the wind tunnel cylinder 22, and the other end (exhaust air side) of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 is connected to one end (hot air) of the hot air path 14 through the air path 29. Connected to the supply side). Further, the first and second outer cylinders 23 and 24 are fitted into the outer periphery of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 near the hot air supply side in a non-contact manner, and the first outer cylinder 23 is inserted from the second outer cylinder 24. The second outer cylinder 24 is long and is located closer to the hot air supply side of the first outer cylinder 23.
[0018]
The ventilation resistance plate 25 is disposed inside the wind tunnel cylinder 22 near the exhaust side, and has an area capable of blocking about 20 to 50% of the cross section of the ventilation path inside the wind tunnel cylinder.
[0019]
The wind tunnel cylinder 22, the outer cylinders 23 and 24 and the ventilation resistance plate 25 are made of stainless steel. The wind tunnel cylinder 22 and the outer cylinders 23 and 24 are made of a material (alumina-based, A paint (for example, high-efficiency radiation paint B-600 manufactured by Okitsumo Co., Ltd.) using a powder of silica-based or titania-based ceramics as a pigment is applied. When the surface temperature of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 is heated to 300 to 600 ° C., the paint emits far-infrared rays having a wavelength of 2.9 to 5.0 μm from the surface almost uniformly. And the grain has the characteristic of absorbing far infrared rays in this region well.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 30 is an exhaust fan, and is attached to the terminal of the exhaust path 15 (a, b).
[0021]
In the grain dryer 1 in an operating state (FIG. 2), the grain stuck to the preheating unit 3 is guided to the separation fluid 10 and the guide body 11 and gradually moves down the hopper unit 12 (a, b). Moving. During this time and while passing through the hopper part 12 (a, b) and being deposited on the upper part of the drying part 4, the grain absorbs the far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation device 7, and its energy This raises the grain temperature from the inside.
[0022]
The hot air generator 28 of the far-infrared radiation device 7 is operating, and hot air is supplied to the wind tunnel cylinder 22. At this time, the wind tunnel cylinder 22 has a surface temperature distribution that is inevitably high on the hot air supply side and low on the exhaust side because of the change in the amount of heat of the hot air passing through the wind tunnel cylinder 22. However, since the outer cylinders 23 and 24 are fitted on the outer periphery of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 on the hot air supply side, the outer cylinders 23 and 24 receive far infrared rays from the high-temperature portion of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 and they themselves become far away. It looks like it emits infrared rays. Further, since the outer cylinders 23 and 24 are fitted to the wind tunnel cylinder 22 in a non-contact state with each other, that is, with an air layer, energy from the high temperature portion of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 is diffused. However, the surface temperature of the outer cylinders 23 and 24 is lower than the high temperature portion of the wind tunnel cylinder 22.
[0023]
For this reason, by adjusting the thickness of the air layer and the length of the outer cylinders 23, 24, the far-infrared radiation amount of this part can be adjusted to substantially the same amount as the other parts of the wind tunnel cylinder 22. In particular, it is possible to cope with a portion that becomes high temperature by multiplexing the outer cylinders in a non-contact manner like the second outer cylinder 24 with respect to the first outer cylinder 23. Note that the lengths of the multiple outer cylinders may be arbitrarily selected according to the temperature adjustment. In some cases, the lengths of the outer cylinders may be the same as those of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 (the first outer cylinder). The cylinder 23) may be shorter than the outer cylinder (the second outer cylinder 24) fitted outside.
[0024]
The surface temperature distribution of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 can also be adjusted by the ventilation resistance plate 25 disposed inside the wind tunnel cylinder 22 near the exhaust side. That is, the hot air inside the wind tunnel cylinder is turbulent and stirred by the ventilation resistor 25 by the ventilation resistance plate 25, and the heat conduction time with respect to the wall surface of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 becomes longer, so the surface temperature of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 is increased. It can be raised in the vicinity of the ventilation resistor 25.
[0025]
The surface temperature distribution of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 can be adjusted by the outer cylinders 23 and 24 or the ventilation resistor 25 as described above, but it is preferable to combine both.
In any case, the outer cylinders 23 and 24 and the ventilation resistance plate 25 are means for equalizing the temperature of the wind tunnel cylinder surface.
[0026]
The grains that have moved to the drying unit 4 are guided to the hot-air drying path 20 (a, b) according to the separation fluids 16 and 17 and slowly move downward there. During this time, moisture is removed by hot air (temperature-adjusted) blown from the hot air passage 14 across the hot air drying passage 20 (a, b) to the exhaust air passage 15 (a, b). At this time, the grain is preheated to the inside by the far-infrared radiation device 7 so that the movement of the internal moisture is active, and the internal moisture is uniformly moved to the surface layer portion, so that it is dried by hot air. Efficiency is higher than usual. Moreover, drying with little unevenness is performed for every grain.
[0027]
Exhaust air as the far-infrared radiation device 7 is supplied to the hot air passage 14 from the wind tunnel cylinder 22 of the far-infrared radiation device 7 through the air passage 29, and the exhaust air containing moisture in the hot air drying passage 20 is exhausted. 15 (a, b) is sucked into the exhaust fan 30 and discharged to the outside. In this method, the waste heat of the far-infrared radiation device 7 can be used effectively, and the amount of adjustment of the temperature of the hot air supplied to the hot air passage 14 is reduced, so that the thermal efficiency is higher than that of normal hot air drying.
[0028]
The grains that have passed through the hot-air drying path 20 (a, b) are collected in the portion of the grain feeder 5, sent to the grain raising machine 6 by the grain feeder 5, and transferred again to the preheating unit 3. This circulation is performed until a predetermined moisture content is reached.
[0029]
As in this embodiment, when the preheating unit 3 by the far-infrared radiation device 7 is arranged at the upper part of the airframe 2 and the drying unit 4 having the hot air drying path 20 is arranged at the lower part, an existing hot air dryer is used. And since it is only necessary to arrange the far-infrared radiation device 7 in the upper part of the storage room, it is economical. Moreover, when the far-infrared radiation device 7 is arranged in the upper part of the storage room, there are few things that obstruct far-infrared radiation such as a steel plate below, and far-infrared radiation can be used efficiently.
[0030]
In addition, it is also possible to dry cereals (to-be-dried object) only by irradiation of far infrared rays, without performing hot air drying.
[0031]
5 to 8 show other embodiments relating to the far-infrared radiation device 7, and one end of the sub-cylinder 31 is connected to the wind exhaust side of the wind tunnel cylinder 22 and is arranged in parallel with the wind tunnel cylinder 22. The other end of the sub cylinder 31 is connected to one end of the hot air passage 14 through the air passage 29.
[0032]
In this embodiment, the hot air generator 28 is located on the front wall 8 side (FIG. 6), but the amount of heat emitted from the sub-cylinder 31 is used in an auxiliary manner in accordance with the action of far-infrared rays from the wind tunnel cylinder 22. Can do.
The sub-cylinder 31 is also made of stainless steel like the wind tunnel cylinder 22, and a highly efficient far-infrared radiation paint may be applied to at least the outer peripheral surface.
[0033]
In FIG. 7, in the far-infrared radiation device 7 including the sub cylinder 31, the ventilation resistance plate 25 is visible inside the wind tunnel cylinder 22. Moreover, the outer cylinders 23 and 24 are visible in FIG. The above is an example of the embodiment, and the heat source of the hot air generator may use electric heat other than the burner.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the configurations of the first and fifth aspects, the amount of far infrared rays emitted from the far infrared radiation device can be made substantially uniform in the longitudinal direction of the wind tunnel cylinder by the outer cylinder or the ventilation resistance plate.
According to the structure of Claim 2, the amount of far infrared rays emitted from the far-infrared radiation device can be made more precise and uniform in the longitudinal direction of the wind tunnel cylinder by the combination of the outer cylinder and the ventilation resistor. .
[0035]
According to the configurations of claims 3 and 4, the high temperature portion of the wind tunnel can be appropriately dealt with with a simple structure, and the amount of far infrared rays emitted by the far infrared radiation device can be reduced. It can be made substantially uniform in the longitudinal direction.
According to the structure of Claim 6, the amount of radiation | emission of far infrared rays is increased and it can be made to act efficiently with respect to a grain.
[0036]
According to the structure of Claim 7, the calorie | heat amount which a subcylinder emits can be made to act supplementarily to the effect | action of the far infrared rays which a wind tunnel cylinder emits, and a drying operation etc. can be performed efficiently.
According to the structure of Claim 8, a to-be-dried material is dried gently and there is little danger that a to-be-dried material will be denatured or damaged compared with hot air drying.
[0037]
According to the structure of Claim 9, a heat efficient dryer can be obtained.
According to the structure of Claim 10, a to-be-dried object can be efficiently dried with the combination of the general preheating of the to-be-dried object by far infrared rays, and the forced water removal effect | action by hot-air drying.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Partially cutaway side view of the grain drying device [Fig. 2] Longitudinal sectional view of the grain drying device [Fig. 3] Front view of the grain drying device [Fig. 4] Side view of the far infrared radiation device [Fig. Plan view of infrared radiation device (another embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view of a grain drying apparatus (another embodiment).
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 5;
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grain dryer 2 Machine 3 Pre-drying part 4 Drying part 5 Graining machine 6 Graining machine 7 Far-infrared radiation device 8 Front wall 9 Rear wall 10 Fluid 11 Guide body 12 (a, b) Hopper part 13 Flour body 14 Hot air passage 15 (a, b) Exhaust air passage 16 Divided fluid 17 Divided fluid 18 (a, b) Lower half wall surface 19 (a, b) Internal side wall surface 20 (a, b) Hot air drying passage 21 Quantitative delivery device 22 wind tunnel 23 first outer cylinder 24 second outer cylinder 25 ventilation resistance plate 26 burner 27 blower 28 hot air generator 29 air passage 30 exhaust fan 31 sub-cylinder

Claims (10)

A wind tunnel cylinder having one end as a hot air supply side and the other end as a discharge side, and an outer cylinder fitted in a non-contact manner on the outer periphery of the wind tunnel near the hot air supply side, the outer cylinder serving as a temperature equalizing means Far-infrared radiation device characterized by having A wind tunnel cylinder with one end as the hot air supply side and the other end as the exhaust air side, an outer cylinder fitted in a non-contact manner on the outer periphery of the wind tunnel near the hot air supply side, and the inside of the wind tunnel cylinder near the exhaust air side A far-infrared radiation device comprising a ventilation resistance plate disposed in the outer tube and the temperature of the outer cylinder and the ventilation resistance plate as temperature uniforming means. The far-infrared radiation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer cylinder is multiplely fitted in a non-contact manner on the outer periphery of the wind tunnel near the hot air supply side. . A first outer cylinder fitted in a non-contact manner on the outer periphery of the wind tunnel main body near the hot air supply side, and a non-contact fit in the outer periphery of the first outer cylinder near the hot air supply side The far-infrared radiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a second outer cylinder. It consists of a wind tunnel cylinder with one end on the hot air supply side and the other end on the exhaust side, and a ventilation resistance plate placed inside the wind tunnel near the exhaust side, and the ventilation resistance plate is used as a means for temperature equalization. Far-infrared radiation device characterized by. The far-infrared radiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a paint that emits far-infrared radiation with high efficiency is applied to at least an outer surface of the wind tunnel. The far-infrared radiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a sub-cylinder is connected to the exhaust side of the wind tunnel and is arranged in parallel with the wind tunnel. A dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the far-infrared radiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is disposed in a path of an object to be dried. The far-infrared radiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is disposed in a path of the object to be dried, and a hot air drying path is formed across the path of the object to be dried. A hot air generator is connected to the hot air supply side of the wind tunnel cylinder, and the exhaust air side of the wind tunnel cylinder is connected to the hot air drying path. A preheating unit and a drying unit are provided in the path of the object to be dried, and the preheating unit is composed of a fluid separated from the front and rear cross-sectionally arranged in an inverted V shape and a guide body extending from the left and right side walls. The far-infrared radiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is disposed inside the shaded fluid having a formed hopper portion, and a hot air drying path is formed in the drying portion. A dryer characterized by.

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