JP3656142B2 - Engine-driven heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an engine-driven heat pump apparatus that houses an engine in an outdoor unit as a drive source of a heat pump.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The engine-driven heat pump device is applied to, for example, an air conditioner, and an engine room that houses an engine is arranged at the lower part of the outdoor unit, and a heat exchanger room that houses a heat exchanger is arranged at the upper part.
[0003]
This engine is installed vertically on the cylinder shaft due to the arrangement space, etc. When placing the oil inlet to the engine in the cylinder head, an oil pitcher (oiler) is installed between the engine room ceiling and the engine when refueling. It was necessary to secure a large space that can be inserted and tilted.
[0004]
In addition, a spark plug and a high tension cord through which a high voltage ignition current flows are arranged in the cylinder head of the engine.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, there is a problem that the overall height of the outdoor unit is increased by assuring a space in which an oil pitcher (oil supply device) can be inserted between the ceiling of the engine room and the engine during refueling. In addition, oil that spills during refueling may come into contact with the high tension cord. In particular, since the temperature around the cylinder head is high, if there is a leakage from the high tension cord, the oil may ignite and the high tension cord may burn out.
[0006]
  The present invention has been made in view of such points.So lubricationAs a result, a compact outdoor unitPrepare and lubricateAn object of the present invention is to provide an engine-driven heat pump device that prevents the high tension cord from burning out and causing engine failure even if oil is spilled.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an engine-driven heat pump device according to the first aspect of the present invention has an engine room that houses an engine in a lower part of an outdoor unit, and a heat exchanger room that houses a heat exchanger in an upper part. Place and
  The side wall facing the outside of the engine room is removable,
  Inclining the cylinder shaft so that the upper side of the cylinder shaft of the engine approaches the side wall,
  furtherSaidAn oil inlet on the top of the cylinder head cover of the engine and a cap that is detachably fitted to this oil inletAnd
  A spark plug and a high tension coil are arranged behind the oil inlet.It is characterized by that.
[0009]
[Action]
  In the invention according to claim 1, by tilting the engine to the side wall side, a space where an oil pitcher (oil filler) can be inserted at the time of refueling can be easily secured, and by reducing the space for oiling, The overall height of the outdoor unit is small and a compact outdoor unit can be obtained.
[0010]
  Further, the side wall facing the outside of the engine room can be attached and detached, and the oil inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder head cover of the engine inclined to the side wall side, and the cap can be easily removed after removing the side wall. The oil can be injected easily.
[0011]
  Also,An ignition plug and a high tension coil are arranged behind the oil injection port of the cylinder head cover, and even if oil spills during lubrication, it will not leak to the high tension cord. It is prevented from waking up.
[0012]
【Example】
Embodiments of an engine-driven air conditioner to which the engine-driven heat pump device of the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
FIG. 1 to FIG. 14 are for explaining an embodiment of an engine driven air conditioner, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the engine driven air conditioner, and FIG. 2 is a front view of an outdoor air conditioning unit. 3 is a right side view of the outdoor air conditioning unit, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the floor surface of the outdoor heat exchanger room, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the pad, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional plane of the engine room and the piping chamber, 7 is a cross-sectional view of the electrical box, FIG. 8 is a layout view of the water inlet portion of the engine cooling water, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the water inlet, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust heat exchanger, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the engine, FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder head cover, FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a lubricating oil supply device for the engine, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the outer plate wall of the outdoor air conditioning unit. is there.
[0014]
First, in the figure which shows the whole structure of the engine drive type air conditioner of FIG. 1, the engine drive type air conditioner 1 is comprised by the outdoor air conditioning unit (henceforth an outdoor unit) 2 and the indoor air conditioner unit 3. FIG. ing. The indoor air conditioning unit 3 includes an indoor heat exchanger 4 for refrigerant, an expansion valve 18 for decompression, and a blower fan for indoor heat exchange (not shown). The outdoor air conditioning unit 2 includes an engine room 7 in which an engine 5, compressors 6 and 6 are disposed, a main accumulator (hereinafter also referred to as a waste heat recovery device) 8, a sub accumulator 9, an electrical box 50, and each device A piping chamber 10 in which pipes for connecting the pipe and the like are disposed, a refrigerant outdoor upper heat exchanger 11, a refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12, and a radiator as an engine cooling water heat exchanger (hot water heat exchanger) And an outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14 provided with 13 and the like. As can be seen from FIG. 4, two similar heat exchangers 11 are juxtaposed and are shown as one in FIG. 15 for convenience.
[0015]
A water-cooled gas fuel engine is used as the engine 5, and a gas mixer 21b and an air cleaner 21c are connected to an intake port of the engine 5 via an intake pipe 21a. The intake pipe 21a exchanges the ceiling wall of the engine room 7 and outdoor heat exchange. It penetrates the top wall of the chamber and opens to the outside. The intake pipe 21a may be opened in the engine room 7 as will be described later.
[0016]
The gas mixer 21b is connected to a gas fuel source by a fuel line 22, and the fuel line 22 is provided with a flow control valve 22a, a zero governor (pressure reducing valve) 22b, and two electromagnetic valves 22c integrated with the gas mixer 21b. ing. An exhaust heat exchanger 23b and an exhaust silencer 23c are connected to the exhaust port of the engine 5 via an exhaust pipe 23a. The exhaust pipe 23a opens above the heat exchange chamber 14 via a mist separator 23e. Yes. The gas mixer 21b may be disposed outside the top wall of the heat exchanger chamber 14 as will be described later with reference to FIG.
[0017]
Further, the engine 5 is provided with a lubricating oil tank 24a. When the amount of lubricating oil decreases, the electromagnetic valve 24b is opened so that the lubricating oil is supplied by gravity.
[0018]
Compressors 6 and 6 are connected to the output shaft of the engine 5 via clutches 6a and 6a. The discharge port of the compressor 6 is connected to the refrigerant outdoor upper heat exchanger 11 and the refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12 through the refrigerant pipe 16a, the four-way valve 15 switched to the cooling operation position, and the refrigerant pipe 16b. Both the heat exchangers 11 and 12 are connected to the refrigerant indoor heat exchanger 4 via the refrigerant pipe 16c, the heat exchange section 16e in the main accumulator 8, and the refrigerant pipe 17a. The exchanger 4 is connected to the suction ports of the compressors 6 and 6 through the refrigerant pipe 17b, the four-way valve 15, the refrigerant pipe 16d, the main accumulator 8, and the sub accumulator 9. Reference numeral 670 denotes a dryer, and reference numeral 671 denotes a filter that bypasses the dryer 670.
[0019]
Incidentally, 900 and 901 are capillaries, and 210 and 210 are combinations of temperature detectors and capillaries, respectively, for detecting the level of the liquid phase refrigerant in the main accumulator 8 by detecting the refrigerant temperature. It is. Reference numeral 911 denotes an on-off valve, and 912 denotes an oil discharge passage. When the amount of oil accumulated in the lower part of the accumulator increases, the on-off valve is opened manually or automatically so that oil flows from the main accumulator 8 to the sub-accumulator 9.
[0020]
An oil separator 19a for separating the lubricating oil in the refrigerant is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 16a. When the amount of lubricating oil separated by the oil separator 19a exceeds a predetermined value, the oil strainer 19b It returns to the main accumulator 8 through the electromagnetic valve 19c opened at the above time. The lubricating oil is also returned to the sub accumulator 9. The refrigerant line 16a is connected to the main accumulator 8 through an oil strainer 20a and an electromagnetic valve 20b that opens when the pressure in the pipe is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, thereby avoiding an abnormal increase in the refrigerant line pressure.
[0021]
90 is an electromagnetic valve, and 91 is an oil strainer. When the load on the indoor unit 4 is particularly small during cooling, the electromagnetic valve 90 opens so that the refrigerant bypasses the indoor unit 4 and flows to the main accumulator 8. And try to balance it.
[0022]
An outdoor unit cooling water circulation system S is provided as the outdoor air conditioning unit 2. The cooling water circulation system S includes first circulation paths 29a1, 29a2, 29q, which circulate through the cooling water jacket 28b, the thermostat 28c, and the first cooling water pump 28a of the engine 5 when the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined value. 29s, when the engine is cold, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the linear three-way valve 28d, one is the radiator 13, the other is the heat exchanger 29g in the main accumulator 8, and the second circulation path 29e1 circulates through the second cooling water pump 28e. , 29e2, 29r, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29f1, 29f2, 29p, and when the engine warms up when the cooling water temperature exceeds a predetermined value, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the first cooling water pump 28a, Cooling water jacket 28b of engine 5, thermostat 28c, linear three-way valve 28d, one is a radiator 3. The other is a third circulation path 29e1, 29e2, 29s, 29a1, 29a2, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29f1, 29f2, which circulates in the order of the heat exchange section 29g in the main accumulator 8 and the second cooling water pump 28e. 29p. As will be described later, the first cooling water pump 28a is disposed in the vicinity of the introduction passage opening in the engine room or in the piping chamber.
[0023]
A cooling water reservoir tank 30a is connected to the radiator 13 via a water conduit 30c and an inlet 30b. One port of a thermostat 28c is also connected to the inlet 30b, and the thermostat 28c is constituted by a jiggle valve. The port of the thermostat 28c is always in communication with the cooling water jacket 28b, and air can be vented from the first circulation paths 29a1, 29a2, 29q, 29s when the engine is cold. The cooling water reservoir tank 30a is also provided with a communication passage 30e between the water injection port 30d and the atmosphere.
[0024]
Further, when the linear three-way valve 28d is switched, engine cooling water is supplied to the heat exchanging portion 29g in the main accumulator 8 through the water conduit 29d, thereby giving heat to the refrigerant.
[0025]
Next, a specific structure of the outdoor air conditioning unit 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0026]
The casing 31 of the outdoor air conditioning unit 2 mounts and fixes a floor plate 33 on a pair of bases 32, and supports columns 34 at four corners, with the upper ends of the four columns 34 on the right side and Each of the left side surfaces is connected by a ceiling beam (not shown), and the floor plate 33 is bent at the front and rear ends to form a floor beam 33a. The left and right side surfaces are left, and the right side plates 37c and 37d are used to suspend the ceiling surface. Each of the structures is covered with a plate 37e. The top plate 37e is bent at the front, rear, left and right ends to form a connecting portion with each of the plates 37a to 37d or the column 34.
[0027]
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the right and left front plates 37 a and 37 a whose upper ends are bent are fastened to the bent engine room side partition plates 41 a and 41 b by fastening screws 35, respectively. . Similarly, the rear side plates 37b and 37b are attached to the piping chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b, which are bent, as viewed from the front with the upper ends bent.
[0028]
The front and rear plates 37a and 37b cover the lower part of the front and rear side surfaces of the partition plate 39, which will be described later, and the front, rear, left and right plates 37a to 37d provide maintainability of each device. It is detachable to secure.
[0029]
Also, the upper part of the front side plate 37a and the rear side plate 37b on the front side and the rear side of the casing 31 is an outside air introduction opening, and wire meshes 38a and 38b functioning as filters are provided above and below the horizontal frames 36a and 36b, respectively. It is detachably attached. The top plate 37e is formed with a discharge opening 37f for discharging the introduced outside air upward. The discharge opening 37f sucks the outside air into the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14 from the metal meshes 38a and 38b. An outdoor heat exchanging blower fan 44 that is discharged upward is disposed. A wire mesh 38c is erected around the discharge opening 37f.
[0030]
The partition plate 39 is for defining the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14, the engine room 7, and the piping chamber 10, and a central partition plate 40 and an engine room side partition plate 41 a that constitute the ceiling of the engine room 7. , 41b and piping chamber side partition plates 42a, 42b constituting the ceiling of the piping chamber 10. The engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b and the piping chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b are detachable upward.
[0031]
At the time of removal, the front and rear side plates 37a and 37b are also removed, the engine room 7 is opened on the ceiling side, the front side, and both corners, and the piping chamber 10 is installed on the ceiling side, the rear side, and both. The corners are opened, and the maintenance work of the equipment in each room is easy.
[0032]
Further, a horizontal rod 48 (on the pipe chamber 10 side upper portion) is provided at the boundary between the central partition plate 40 and the piping chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b and on the outer upper portion (upper side of the piping chamber 10) of the front middle plate 44a constituting the front side wall of the engine room 7. A drainage passage) is disposed in such a manner that it can be disassembled from the central and piping chamber side partition plates 40, 42a, 42b, that is, can be replaced with a new one. The horizontal rail 48 is a groove-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1) of the outdoor air conditioning unit 2, that is, in the direction of the heat exchanger arrangement surface, and is inclined so as to become lower toward the left side. The right end portion 48b located at the highest position of the reed 48 can be exposed to the outside by removing the right side plate 37d or by providing an opening (cleaning hole).
[0033]
In addition, the center partition plate 40 may cover the horizontal rail 48 with a V shape, and a plurality of rainwater dropping holes may be provided on the V-shaped bottom above the horizontal rail 48.
[0034]
Further, a cylindrical vertical gutter (drainage pipe) 43 is detachably connected to the left end 48a located at the lowest position of the horizontal gutter 48. The vertical shaft 43 extends downward in a corner portion formed by the inner surface of the left side plate 37c and the outer surface of the front middle plate 44a constituting the front side wall of the engine room 10, and the drain port 43a opened at the lower end thereof is a floor plate. It is located below 33 and faces outward. The vertical rod 43 can be replaced with a new one by removing the left side plate 37c.
[0035]
Moreover, the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b, the piping chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b, and the central partition plate 40 are inclined so as to become lower toward the side rail 48 side. Therefore, rainwater or the like that has entered the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14 is immediately collected in the horizontal gutter 48 and discharged to the outside through the vertical gutter 43. Further, the positions of the outer end portions of the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b and the pipe chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b due to the inclination of the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b, the piping chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b, and the central partition plate 40. The opening when the front and rear side plates 37a and 37b are removed to inspect and maintain the interior is increased.
[0036]
Further, the central partition plate 40 is formed with two ventilation air discharge ports 40 b at two locations so as to open into the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14. The discharge port 40b is surrounded by a silence box 40c. The opening 40d of the muffler box 40c is located above the recumbent fence 48, and is located downstream of the recumbent fence 48 with respect to the discharge port 40b. This prevents rainwater or the like that has entered the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14 or rainwater or the like flowing in the side wall 48 from entering the engine room 7 through the discharge port 40b.
[0037]
A sponge-like sound absorbing sheet is attached to the inside of the sound deadening box 40c.
[0038]
The side walls of the engine room 7 are the front side plate 37a, the left side plate 37c, the front middle plate 44a, and the right middle plate 44b, the top wall is the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b and the central partition plate 40, and the bottom wall is the floor plate 33. And a bottom plate 45 arranged with a gap between them. The upper and lower end surfaces of the front middle plate 44a and the right middle plate 44b are airtightly connected to the partition plate 39 and the floor plate 33, and thus the engine room 7 is configured in a soundproof structure. The rear middle plate 44 a and the right middle plate 44 serve as partition walls between the engine room 7 and the piping chamber 10.
[0039]
The space between the bottom plate 45 and the floor plate 33 is a box-shaped ventilation passage 46, and the bottom plate 45 has a large number of outlets 45a for blowing ventilation air into the engine room 7 over the entire surface. Arrangement is formed. Further, two engine room air intakes 46a that open into the piping chamber 10 are formed on the right middle plate 44b side of the ventilation passage 46, and a ventilation fan 47 is disposed in each air intake 46a. . The drainage port 43a of the vertical shaft 43 is provided on the opposite side of the engine room air intake 46a, that is, at a position sufficiently separated from the air intake 46a.
[0040]
On the inner surface side of the rear plate 37b in the piping chamber 10, an electrical box 50 in which various control devices and the like are accommodated is disposed. An air intake port 50 a is formed on the bottom surface of the electrical box 50, and a discharge port 50 b is formed on the upper side surface. A gap serving as an air passage is formed between the bottom surface and the floor plate 33. The floor plate 33 is formed with a piping chamber air inlet 33b for introducing outside air into the piping chamber 10, and the outside air is introduced into the piping chamber 10 through the air inlet 33b. Further, a part of the introduced outside air is introduced into the electrical box 50 from the air intake 50 a and is discharged from the outlet 50 b to ventilate the electrical box 50. Further, the drainage port 43a of the vertical rod 43 is spaced apart from the piping chamber air intake port 33b and positioned below.
[0041]
There is no floor board 33 below the terminal chamber 699 and there is no ceiling. The terminal chamber 699 is a communication path connecting the piping chamber 10 and the outside of the casing 31. Further, the terminal chamber 699 is opened to the outside outside with the rear side plate 37b removed. The joints 800a and 801a of the refrigerant pipes 800 and 801 and the fuel pipe 22d are located in the terminal chamber 699 and connected to external piping introduced from below the terminal chamber 699, respectively. Connected to external power supply.
[0042]
In the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14, the refrigerant outdoor upper heat exchangers 11, 11 are provided in the upper part of the front and rear side surfaces, the refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12 is provided in the rear lower part, and the engine cooling water heat is provided in the front lower part. A radiator 13 serving as an exchanger is provided. The refrigerant outdoor upper heat exchangers 11 and 11 are arranged in the vertical direction and along the wire nets 38a and 38b, while the lower outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the radiator 13 are located inward as the lower part. The radiator 13 is provided with a water inlet 30b at the upper right end of the radiator 13.
[0043]
As shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 11, the water injection port 30 b is opposed to the right end portion of the horizontal frame 36 a constituting the side wall of the casing 31 and the injection door 63 provided in the column 34, and obliquely upward. A water supply tube 60 connected to the upper end of the head pipe 13 c of the radiator 13 disposed, a cap 61 for opening and closing the opening 60 a of the water supply tube 60, and a pressure valve 62 disposed in the cap 61. Yes. The opening 60a is opened obliquely upward toward the wire mesh 38a constituting the side wall of the casing 31 of the outdoor air conditioning unit 2. The pressure valve 62 opens and closes a valve seat port 60a formed in the middle portion of the water supply cylinder 60 with the valve body 62b, and the valve body 62b is urged in the closing direction by a spring 62a.
[0044]
The pressure valve 62 defines the maximum internal pressure of both circulation circuits of the cooling water. That is, when the internal pressure of the circulation circuit exceeds the valve opening pressure, the pressure valve 62 opens, the remaining air, water vapor or hot water is guided to the cooling water reservoir tank 30a, and abnormal water vapor pressure is generated in the circulation circuit components. Can also be protected. The pressure valve 62c opens and allows a flow from the outside to the inside when the differential pressure between the outside and the inside of the circulation circuit becomes a predetermined value or more.
[0045]
When the engine 5 is stopped, the cooling water temperature decreases, the water vapor content in the circulation circuit condenses, the internal pressure falls below atmospheric pressure, and the pressure difference between the outside and the inside increases, the pressure valve 60c opens, and the cooling water reservoir The water in the tank 30a is pushed up by the atmospheric pressure and replenished in the circulation circuit.
[0046]
If the cap 61 is removed for the cooling water check, the airtightness due to the seal 61a is lost, and the water in the pipe line 30c returns to the cooling water reservoir tank 30a and the water level drops.
[0047]
Water level in the circuit due to engine operation, even if it passes through the pressure valve 62, the water level is gradually changed by the movement of the water vapor to the cooling water reservoir tank 30a and the water level increase corresponding to the amount of water vapor moved by the engine stop. It rises and can be replenished in the circulation circuit, but there is a possibility that the amount of cooling water is insufficient until then. However, in this embodiment, the water level rises quickly because the position of the water supply tube 60 is downward, and the amount of cooling water does not become insufficient. Accordingly, the heat exchange at the main accumulator 8 or the radiator 13 can be sufficiently performed. That is, even if the generated vapor pressure decreases due to heat exchange, the time until replenishment becomes possible is shortened.
[0048]
The lower end portion of the radiator 13 is located on the upper corner portion of the central partition plate 40 and the muffler box 40c beyond the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b. Further, the lower end portion of the refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12 is located on the lower corner portion of the central partition plate 40 and the muffler box 40c beyond the side wall 48 from the tube chamber side partition plates 42a and 42b.
[0049]
The pipes 29c, 29d, 16b, 16c and 30c connected to the radiator 13, the refrigerant heat exchangers 11 and 12 and the devices in the pipe chamber 10 are on the right side plate 37d side of the pipe chamber 10 and in the center in the front-rear direction. The plurality of pipe lines are sealed by one pad as described above, and penetrates through one sealing pad 49 disposed at the left end of the central partition plate 40.
[0050]
The sealing pad 49 has notches 49a that connect the respective duct holes and the end portions on the left side plate 37c side. Thus, after the piping is finished, the sealing pad 49 can be fitted into the piping from the right side with the right side plate 37d removed. The periphery of the sealing pad 49 separates the piping chamber 10 and the heat exchange chamber 14 by forming the central partition plate 40 and the right side plate 37d in a sealed state.
[0051]
The pipes connected to the heat exchangers 11 to 13 are routed obliquely along the oblique arrangement of the lower heat exchanger 12 and the radiator 13.
[0052]
As described above, in the longitudinal direction of the outdoor unit that is the outdoor air conditioning unit 2, the engine room 7 and the piping chamber 10 are arranged, the ventilation passage 46 is disposed below the engine room 10, and the ventilation passage 46, the piping chamber 10, A ventilation fan 47 is arranged between the two. A main accumulator 8 and a sub-accumulator 9 are arranged in the longitudinal direction on the rear side in the piping chamber 10, and an oil supply tank 24a and a cooling water reserve tank 30a are disposed at positions facing the ventilation fan 47 in the piping chamber 10. Can prevent temperature degradation of oil. The cooling water reserve tank 30a is positioned in the recess 24a1 on the front side of the oil supply tank 24a. Further, the replenishment port 24a2 of the oil supply tank 24a, the replenishment port 30a1 of the cooling water reserve tank 30a, and the supply port 30a2 to the radiator 13 are all disposed forward of the engine, that is, in front of the outdoor unit 2 in the front-rear direction. By removing 37a, maintenance and replenishment of the engine 5 can be performed easily.
[0053]
In the engine room 7, an inspection board 100 used for maintenance and inspection of the outdoor air conditioning unit 2 is arranged facing the front side plate 37a, and can be easily operated when the front side plate 37a is removed. In the engine room 7, the engine 5 and the compressor 6 are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction.
[0054]
An air cleaner 21c is arranged above the compressor 6, and an exhaust silencer 23c and an oil separator 23d are arranged side by side. The intake pipe 21a connected to the upstream side of the air cleaner 21c passes through the central partition plate 40 constituting the top wall of the engine room 7 and the top plate 37e constituting the top wall of the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14 and opens to the outside. The gas mixer 21 b connected to the downstream side of the air cleaner 21 c is connected to the intake port of the engine 5. The exhaust pipe 23a connected to the downstream side of the exhaust silencer 23c opens to the outside through the central partition plate 40 constituting the top wall of the engine room 7 and the top plate 37e constituting the top wall of the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14. And connected to a mist separator 23e for separating condensed water mist in the exhaust gas. The exhaust silencer 23c is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 23b by an intake pipe 23a1.
[0055]
The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is disposed on the front side of the engine 5, the exhaust outlet 23b1 is disposed on the longitudinal compressor side of the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the gas mixer 21b incorporating a throttle is disposed beside the cylinder head 5a, and the gas mixer 21b and the intake silencer 21c were connected by the intake pipe 21a1. The compressor 6 is disposed on the extension of the crankshaft of the engine 5 and is located at a position lower than the entire cylinder head 5a of the engine 5, whereby the upper space of the compressor 6 can be used effectively, and the air cleaner 21c and further the cylinder An exhaust silencer 23c integrated with an oil separator 23d for separating oil mist in the breather gas guided from inside the head cover is arranged side by side, and the engine chamber 7 can be made smaller. Further, the exhaust pipe 23a1 between the exhaust heat exchanger 23b and the exhaust silencer 23c can be shortened, and the detachability of the exhaust pipe 23a1 is improved.
[0056]
When the exhaust gas flows through the exhaust pipes 23a and 23a1 and the exhaust silencer 23c, the exhaust gas is cooled and separated from the exhaust gas to generate drain water having an acidic content. Also in the mist separator 23e, drain water with acid content is generated by being separated from the exhaust gas. These drain waters are respectively led to the neutralizer 104 through the pipes 101, 102, 103, and the drain water is neutralized by the neutralizer 104 and drained through the pipe 105. The oil separator 23d communicates with the oil pan of the engine 5 through the oil return passage 106, and communicates with the cylinder head 5a through the breather passage 107.
[0057]
An air cleaner 21c and an exhaust silencer 23c are disposed in the upper space of the compressor 6 connected to the engine 5 in the engine room 7 at a position other than the upper side of the engine 5, and a mist separator 23e is disposed outside the top plate 37e. The neutralizer 104 is disposed under the compressor 6, and the positional relationship between them is that the exhaust heat exchanger 23 b is disposed at a higher position than the neutralizer 104, and the air cleaner 21 c and the exhaust silencer 23 c are further disposed at higher positions. The mist separator 23e is disposed at the position, and the height of the engine room 7 can be reduced. Further, the condensed water in the exhaust heat exchanger 23b and the exhaust silencer 23c can be reliably guided to the neutralizer 104. Moreover, the condensed water in the mist separator 23e can be reliably guided to the neutralizer 104.
[0058]
Further, the exhaust silencer 23c, the mist separator 23e, and the neutralizer 104 are arranged on the right side of the indoor air conditioning unit 2, and the drain port of the exhaust heat exchanger 23b is also arranged on the right side. 103 is shortened and drain water does not stay.
[0059]
The air cleaner 21c and the oil separator 23d are adjacent to each other in the vicinity of the intake port of the engine 5, and the conduit 108 that guides the breather gas from which the oil has been separated by the oil separator 23d to the air cleaner 21c can be shortened. In addition, the intake pipe 21a1 between the air cleaner 21c and the gas mixer 21b of the engine 5 can be shortened.
[0060]
Next, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b will be described. The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is configured as shown in FIG. The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is assembled on the side of the engine 5 on the exhaust side, and the engine 5 and the exhaust heat exchanger 23b are integrated.
[0061]
The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is provided with an upstream heat exchange section 210 having irregularities in the expansion chamber of the exhaust passage, and a downstream heat exchange section 211 in which the exhaust passage is constituted by a screw pipe having a non-circular cross section.
[0062]
In the upstream heat exchange unit 210, an expansion chamber 212 having a U-shaped exhaust passage is formed in the casing 207, and irregularities are formed in the expansion chamber 212 by fins 213 and protrusions 214. In this expansion chamber 212, a partition wall 207d extends from one side portion 207c in the vicinity of the other side portion 207e, and an upper expansion chamber 212a and a lower expansion chamber 212b communicating with the side portion 207e are formed. .
[0063]
An upper cooling water passage 215a is formed around the upper expansion chamber 212a of the exhaust passage of the upstream heat exchange section 210, and the upper cooling water passage 215a extends to the partition wall 207d. Further, a lower cooling water passage 215b is formed around the lower expansion chamber 212b, and the cooling water entering from the cooling water inlet 226 flows to the right in the downstream heat exchange section 211 and then enters the lower cooling water passage 215b. Then, after flowing through the lower cooling water passage 215b to the left, it enters the upper cooling water passage 215a, flows to the right through the upper cooling water passage 215a, and is discharged from the cooling water outlet 215c formed at the upper right end of the casing 207. Enters the cooling water pipe 29e2.
[0064]
The upstream heat exchange unit 210 has a connection portion (not shown) formed in the casing 207, and this connection portion can be directly connected to the exhaust side of the engine 5. Exhaust gas is introduced from the exhaust side of the engine 5 into the upper expansion chamber 212a through exhaust gas inlets 216 formed at four locations of the casing 207, and the exhaust gas is guided to the lower expansion chamber 212b, and further the downstream heat exchange section. 211.
[0065]
As described above, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the engine 5 is introduced into the upstream heat exchange unit 210 of the exhaust heat exchanger 23b. It is cooled by exchanging heat.
[0066]
Due to the expansion chamber 212 in the exhaust passage of the upstream heat exchange section 210, the exhaust resistance of the exhaust gas from the exhaust side of the engine 5 is reduced, the exhaust efficiency is improved, the exhaust pressure is reduced, and the noise reduction effect is also improved. . Moreover, irregularities are formed in the expansion chamber 212 of the upstream heat exchange section 210 by fins 213 and protrusions 214, and the surface area is increased by the irregularities, so that high heat exchange efficiency can be obtained.
[0067]
The exhaust gas passage of the downstream heat exchange section 211 is constituted by a screw pipe 220 having a non-circular cross section, a closing plate 221 is provided at one end of the plurality of screw pipes 220, a gasket 222 is provided at the other, and an intermediate A guide plate 223 is provided at a portion to form a pipe unit 224. The screw pipe 220 has a cruciform cross section, and four protrusions 220a projecting radially on the outer periphery of the screw pipe 220 draw a spiral along the length of the outer periphery of the screw pipe 220.
[0068]
The pipe unit 224 is disposed in a cooling water chamber 225 formed in the casing 207, a cooling water inlet 226 is formed below the cooling water chamber 225, and a cooling water outlet 227 is formed on the upper side. Cooling water is supplied from the engine 5 to the cooling water chamber 225 from the cooling water inlet 226, circulates through the cooling water chamber 225, and is supplied from the cooling water outlet 227 to the lower cooling water passage 215b from the upstream heat exchange unit 210.
[0069]
The closing plate 221 of the pipe unit 224 is sealed with an O-ring 228, and the cover 230 is fastened and fixed to the lower part of the side portion 207 e of the casing 207 with a bolt 231 through a gasket 229. A collective exhaust chamber 232 is formed by the cover 230, an exhaust gas outlet 233 is provided at the center of the cover 230, and a drain water outlet 234 is provided below the cover 230.
[0070]
On the other side of the pipe unit 224, the gasket 222 is fastened to the lower portion of the side portion 207c of the casing 207 with bolts 235, and the cover 236 is fastened and fixed to the side portion 207c of the casing 207 with bolts 237 via the gasket 222. The cover 236 forms a communication collective exhaust chamber 238, and exhaust gas is introduced into the communication collective exhaust chamber 238 from the lower expansion chamber 212 b of the upstream heat exchange unit 210. The exhaust gas is led from the communication collective exhaust chamber 238 through the screw pipe 220 of the pipe unit 224 to the collective exhaust chamber 232, and is discharged from the collective exhaust chamber 232 through the exhaust gas outlet 233.
[0071]
As described above, since the exhaust passage of the downstream heat exchange section 211 is configured by the screw pipe 220, the exhaust gas flows as a swirling flow in the screw pipe 220, and the exhaust gas is cooled by the turbulent flow effect of the exhaust gas. The heat transfer rate to water is increased and high heat exchange efficiency is obtained.
[0072]
In the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the upstream side heat exchanging unit 210 and the downstream side heat exchanging unit 211 exchange heat between the exhaust gas and the cooling water, and the heat of the exhaust gas is effectively recovered. The temperature and pressure are lowered to reduce exhaust noise.
[0073]
Next, specific examples of the engine 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the engine 5, a cylinder block 301 is fixed to an oil pan 300 that also serves as a crankcase, and the cylinder block 301 is inclined forward. A cylinder head 302 is mounted on the cylinder block 301, and independent cylinder head covers 303 are attached to the cylinder head 302 corresponding to the left and right cylinders.
[0074]
Reference numeral 401 denotes a main journal bearing of the crankshaft 331, that is, a fastening bolt for fastening the oil pan 300 to the cylinder block 301 around the crank journal 358. This eliminates the need for so-called bearing caps.
[0075]
The cylinder head cover 303 is inclined forward by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and an oil injection port 303b is formed on the upper side of the upper portion 303a, and a cap 305 is attached via a packing 304 for sealing the oil injection port 303b. It has been.
[0076]
In this way, the cylinder shaft L is inclined so that the upper side of the cylinder shaft L of the engine 5 approaches the side wall formed by the front side plate 37a, and the oil injection port 303b is formed on the upper surface of the cylinder head cover 303 of the engine 5, and this oil A cap 305 that is detachably fitted to the injection port 303b is disposed, and the engine is inclined toward the side wall, so that a space in which an oil pitcher (oil supply device) can be inserted during refueling can be easily secured. By reducing this space, the overall height of the outdoor unit can be reduced and a compact outdoor unit can be obtained.
[0077]
Further, the side wall facing the outside of the engine room can be attached and detached, and the oil inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder head cover of the engine inclined to the side wall side, and the cap can be easily removed after removing the side wall. The oil can be injected easily.
[0078]
The cap 305 faces the front side, can be easily attached and detached from the front side, and the oil supply operation is easy. A rib 303c extending downward from the rear ceiling wall is formed on the cylinder head cover 303. A plate 306 is attached to the cylinder head cover 303 with an attachment screw 307 so as to face the rib 303c, thereby forming an oil separation chamber 308. A passage 309 meandering up and down is formed in the oil separation chamber 308, and oil is separated by the meandering passage 309 and returned to the cylinder head from oil return holes 306 a and 306 b formed in the rising portion of the plate 306. ing. Further, a connecting pipe 310 is provided on the cylinder head cover 303, and a breather gas containing an oil component is sent from the connecting pipe 310 to the oil separator 23d.
[0079]
Before and after the engine 5, the mounting brackets 320 and 321 are fastened and fixed to the cylinder block 301 by the mounting bracket 320 and the oil pan 300 by bolts 322 and 323, respectively. The mounting brackets 320 and 321 are attached to the mounting table 324. The anti-vibration rubbers 325 and 326 are attached to the attachment portions 325a and 326a. The engine 5 is mounted with anti-vibration rubbers 325 and 326 and has an anti-vibration structure.
[0080]
A cast iron sleeve 330 is fitted into an aluminum alloy die-cast cylinder block 301 in a state where the lower part is watertight with an O-ring 330 a and the cast iron sleeve 330 is fitted, and the piston 331 can reciprocate in the cast iron sleeve 330. The piston 331 is connected to the small end 333a of the connecting rod 333 via the piston pin 332, the large end 333b of the connecting rod 333 is connected to the crankshaft 335 via the crank pin 334, and the connecting rod is reciprocated by the piston 331. The crankshaft 335 rotates through 333. A combustion chamber 336 is formed between the top of the piston 331 and the cylinder head 302, and an intake passage 337 and an exhaust passage 338 formed in the cylinder head 302 are opened in the combustion chamber 336, and the opening is an intake valve 339. And is opened and closed by an exhaust valve 340.
[0081]
A spark plug 400 is provided in the cylinder head 302 so as to face the combustion chambers 336 of the left and right cylinders, and a high tension coil 401 and an ignition coil 402 are connected to the spark plug 400. The spark plug 400 and the high tension coil 401 are disposed behind the oil injection port 303b disposed in the upper front part of the upper surface of the cylinder head cover 303 that is inclined forward, and even if oil is spilled during the lubrication, the high tension Since it does not leak to the cord 401 side, the high tension cord 401 is prevented from being burned out and causing an engine failure. Further, the ignition plug 400 and the ignition coil 402 are arranged on the same side behind the oil injection port 303b of the cylinder head cover 303, so that the high tension coil 401 can be shortened, and voltage loss can be reduced and cost can be reduced.
[0082]
Further, the ignition plug 400 and the ignition coil 402 are arranged on the intake passage 337 side, so that the temperature rise can be suppressed and the durability is improved.
[0083]
The intake valve 339 and the exhaust valve 340 are operated by a valve mechanism 341. The cam shaft 342 of the valve mechanism 341 rotates in conjunction with the crank shaft 335, and the cam 342a of the cam shaft 342 moves the push rod 343 up and down. Let The push rod 343 is disposed in a rod hole 420 formed so as to communicate with the cylinder block 301 and the cylinder head 302, and the rocker arm 344 moves up and down by the operation of the push rod 343 so that the intake valve 339 and the exhaust valve 340 are operated. An exhaust heat exchanger 23 b is attached to the front side of the cylinder block 301, exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust passage 338 to the exhaust heat exchanger 23 b, and the intake pipe 23 a is connected to the intake passage 337. The exhaust heat exchanger 23 b is attached to the cylinder head 302 with attachment bolts 345 and attached to the cylinder block 301 with attachment stays 346. The engine 5 is inclined forward, the front plate 37a in front of the engine is removed, the mounting bolt 345 is removed from the front side, and the mounting stay 346 is removed. Easy.
[0084]
In this way, the engine 5 is tilted forward, the exhaust port 405 of the exhaust passage 338 is arranged below the tilt axis in accordance with the cylinder, and the exhaust heat exchanger 23b is directly connected below the exhaust port 405. Moreover, since the front side plate 37a is detachable, it can be easily detached from the front side, and the maintainability of the engine 5 is improved.
[0085]
Oil is stored in the oil pan 300 of the engine 5, and a lower limit oil level sensor 421 for detecting the lower limit of the oil level is provided at the bottom of the oil pan 300. Also, an oil level gauge 351 is attached from the front side of the engine 5 into the oil pan 300 so as to be insertable from the inspection lid 422. The engine 5 is inspected through the inspection window 423 by removing the inspection lid 422 from the front side.
[0086]
The oil level gauge 351 is provided with a lower limit mark 351a and an upper limit mark 351b so that the lower limit oil level and the upper limit oil level can be detected. An oil pump 352 is attached to the cylinder block 301 on the front side of the engine 5.
[0087]
Further, a water jacket 360 is formed between the cylinder block 301 and the sleeve 330, and cooling water is supplied to the water jacket 360 from the pipe 29a1. Cooling water from the water jacket 360 circulates and cools the water jacket 361 formed in the cylinder head 302 and is sent out from the water jacket 361 to the pipe 29a2, and the cooling path of the cooling water is indicated by a two-dot chain line arrow.
[0088]
Next, the oil lubrication path will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 12, the oil lubrication path is indicated by a solid arrow.
[0089]
By driving the oil pump 352, the oil pump 352 is supplied to the main gallery 355 which is a hollow portion in the cam shaft 342 through the oil filter 354. The relief valve 353 is for allowing oil to escape into the oil pan 300 when the outlet side of the oil pump 352 becomes too high in pressure.
[0090]
The relief valve 356 is for sending oil to the main gallery 355 as a bypass when the oil filter 354 is clogged.
[0091]
From the main gallery 355, the cam shaft journal 357, the crank journal 358, and the large end 333 b of the connecting rod 333 are respectively lubricated and returned to the oil pan 300. Further, it is sent from the main gallery 355 to each cylinder head 302 and returned to the oil pan 300 via the valve operating mechanism 770. The cylinder head 302 is provided with an oil separation chamber 308, and the breather gas in the crank chamber is sent from these oil separation chambers 308 to the oil separator 23d through the breather passage 107, and the oil in the breather gas is captured and separated by the oil catcher. The oil is returned to the oil pan 300 through the oil return passage 106.
[0092]
Further, the oil pump 352 is sent to the transmission gear case 380 via the oil filter 354, and the bearings 381 and 382 and the gear 383 provided in the transmission gear case 380 are lubricated and returned to the oil pan 300.
[0093]
The engine 5 is provided with a lubricating oil replenishing device J, and oil is supplied from the lubricating oil tank 24a by opening the electromagnetic valve 24b. The lubricating oil tank 24a is provided with an oil injection port 24a1, and the cap 24a2 is removed to supply oil from the oil injection port 24a1.
[0094]
The lubricating oil supply device J is configured as shown in FIG. An oil inlet 24a1 is provided at the upper part of the lubricating oil tank 24a so as to face the front side, and the cap 24a2 can be easily attached and detached from the front side. An oil pipe 390 is connected to the lower part of the lubricating oil tank 24a. The oil pipe 390 passes below the engine 5 and is connected to one joint 24b1 of the electromagnetic valve 24b. An oil pipe 392 is connected to the other joint 24b2 of the electromagnetic valve 24b. This oil pipe 392 is connected to an oil inlet 352a provided in the engine 5, and oil is poured from above the oil surface in the oil pan.
[0095]
The solenoid valve 24b for oil supply is fixedly installed on the floor, and the pipe connecting the oil inlet 352a to the oil pan 300 is connected by an oil pipe 392 which is an elastic rubber pipe. The oil pipe 390, which is formed in the same manner between the valve 24b and the lubricating oil tank 24a and is an oil conduit, passes through the right middle plate 44b, which is a partition wall between the piping chamber 10 and the engine chamber 7, and then the inside of the engine chamber 7 The oil pipe 390 on this side is long.
[0096]
Although the engine 5 is displaced by vibration, at least the oil pipe 392 can be relatively displaced by elasticity. In this embodiment, the oil pipe 390 also uses a common pipe material with the oil pipe 392.
[0097]
In addition, the oil pipe 392 which is an oil pipe connecting the solenoid valve 24b and the oil inlet 352a to the oil pan 350 is shaken, but since the length is short, the inertial force is reduced, and the oil pipe 392 becomes a root. Since large stress is unlikely to occur, the durability of the oil pipe 392 is improved.
[0098]
Further, the lubricating oil tank 24a to the engine 5 is also at the same end, and the oil injection port 24a1 of the lubricating oil tank 24a is located above the water injection port 30a1 of the cooling water reserve tank 30a, so that water and oil can be easily replenished. In addition, the oil inlet 24a1 of the lubricating oil tank 24a does not mix with oil even if water is spilled when water is poured with the oil inlet 24a2 open.
[0099]
Also, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the lubricating oil tank 24a is L-shaped when viewed from the side, the cooling reserve tank 30a is disposed in the recess 24a3 of the lubricating oil tank 24a, and the lubricating oil tank 24a The oil surface area at the top is larger than the bottom. Thereby, it is possible to store both the cooling reserve tank 30a and the lubricating oil tank 24a in a compact space.
[0100]
Further, the cooling reserve tank 30a and the lubricating oil tank 24a are provided with a water injection port and an injection port, respectively, in front of both of them, so that workability can be improved.
[0101]
Further, the lubricating oil tank 24a is arranged on the upper side, so that even if the oil decreases, the oil oil level can be increased, and the oil level with respect to the oil pan 300 can be set higher for a long time. Replenishment is possible in a short time. In addition, the drain plug 300a is arrange | positioned in the lower surface front of the oil pan 300, and an oil draining operation becomes easy.
[0102]
  Thus, the outdoor air conditioning unit 2A front plate facing the outside of the engine room 7 is disposed in the lower part of the (outdoor unit) the engine room 7 containing the engine 5 and in the upper part a heat exchanger room 14 containing a radiator 8 as a heat exchanger. 37a can be removed, the cylinder shaft L is inclined so that the upper side of the cylinder shaft L of the engine 5 approaches the side wall of the front side plate 37a, and an oil injection port 303b is provided on the upper surface of the cylinder head cover 303 of the engine 5. A cap 305 that is detachably fitted to the oil injection port 303b is disposed. By tilting the engine toward the side wall, it is possible to easily secure a space where an oil pitcher (oiling device) can be inserted when refueling. By reducing the space for oiling, the overall height of the outdoor unit is small and compact. It can be an outdoor unit.
[0103]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the engine is inclined toward the side wall, it is possible to easily secure a space in which an oil pitcher (oiling device) can be inserted during refueling, and to reduce the space for oiling. By doing so, the overall height of the outdoor unit can be reduced and a compact outdoor unit can be obtained.
[0104]
  Further, the side wall facing the outside of the engine room is detachable, and the oil inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder head cover of the engine inclined to the side wall side, so that the cap can be easily removed after removing the side wall. The oil can be injected easily.
[0105]
  Also,Because the spark plug and high tension coil are placed behind the cylinder head cover oil inlet, even if oil spills during lubrication, the high tension cord will burn out and cause engine failure. It is prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an engine-driven air conditioner.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the floor surface of the outdoor heat exchanger chamber.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a pad.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an engine room and a piping room.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the electrical box.
FIG. 8 is a layout view of a water injection port portion of engine cooling water.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a water inlet.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust heat exchanger.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an engine.
FIG. 12 is a side view of the engine.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder head cover.
FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of an engine lubricating oil replenishing device.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an outer plate wall of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 outdoor air conditioning unit
5 Engine
7 engine room
8 Radiators
10 Piping room
14 Heat exchanger room
37a Front side plate
303 Cylinder head cover
303b Oil inlet
305 cap

Claims (1)

The engine room containing the engine is arranged at the lower part of the outdoor unit, the heat exchanger room containing the heat exchanger is arranged at the upper part,
The side wall facing the outside of the engine room is removable,
Inclining the cylinder shaft so that the upper side of the cylinder shaft of the engine approaches the side wall,
Further the oil inlet to the upper surface of the cylinder head cover of the engine, is arranged a cap detachably fitted to the oil inlet,
An engine-driven heat pump device, characterized in that an ignition plug and a high tension coil are arranged behind the oil injection port .

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