JP3576211B2 - Engine driven heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an engine-driven heat pump device using an engine as a drive source of a heat pump, and more particularly to an engine-driven heat pump device having an outdoor unit applied to an air conditioner and having a lubricating oil supply device such as an engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art An engine-driven heat pump device is applied to, for example, an air conditioner, and there is an outdoor unit having a lubricating oil supply device for an engine. Conventionally, an outdoor unit is divided into an engine room accommodating an engine and a heat exchanger room accommodating a heat exchanger, and a lubricating oil tank for replenishing oil for lubricating the engine is disposed in the engine room. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the oil for lubricating the engine may be deteriorated if left in a high temperature environment for a long time.
[0004]
As described above, if the oil for lubricating the engine deteriorates, the deteriorated oil is supplied during long-term use of the engine, which is one of the causes of reducing the durability of the engine.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides an engine-driven heat pump device that prevents deterioration of oil that lubricates an engine by arranging a lubricating oil tank in a place with a low temperature in an outdoor unit. It is aimed at.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an engine-driven heat pump device according to the present invention has an engine room for accommodating an engine at a lower portion of an outdoor unit and a blower fan for outdoor heat exchange at an upper portion of the outdoor unit. Partition the outdoor heat exchanger room with partition walls,
SaidA lubricating oil tank containing oil for lubricating the engine is disposed inside the outdoor heat exchanger room.The height of the oil level in the lubricating oil tank is always higher than the level of the oil level on the engine side, and the oil inlet of the lubricating oil tank is positioned forward in the outdoor heat exchanger chamber.,
An oil supply passage from the lubricating oil tank to the engine is arranged to penetrate the partition wall that separates the engine room and the outdoor heat exchanger room.A ventilation air outlet is provided on the partition wall, and a muffling box is formed around this outlet.It is characterized by doing.
[0008]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the engine heat and the outdoor heat exchanger chamber accommodating the heat exchanger are partitioned, and the lubricating oil tank is disposed in the partitioned outdoor heat exchanger chamber, so that the heat of the engine is reduced. The influence is reduced, and the deterioration of oil is prevented by arranging the lubricating oil tank in the outdoor heat exchanger room having a low temperature in the outdoor unit.
In addition, the oil level is always high with respect to the engine, so it is possible to replenish the oil in a short time, and at the time of oil replenishment, the used oil goes to the lubricating oil tank side where unused oil is stored. No backflow.
Further, since the oil inlet of the lubricating oil tank is located forward in the outdoor heat exchanger room, the lubricating oil injection operation can be easily performed.
In addition, a ventilation air outlet is provided on the partition wall, and a muffling box is formed so as to surround this outlet, preventing rainwater, etc., entering the outdoor heat exchanger room from entering the engine room from the outlet. Is done.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an engine-driven air conditioner to which the engine-driven heat pump device of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
1 to 1516 and 17 are related to the present invention for describing the present invention.FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an overall configuration of an engine-driven air conditioner, FIG. 2 is a front view of an outdoor air conditioning unit, and FIG. 3 is an outdoor air conditioner. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a floor of an outdoor heat exchanger room, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a pad, FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of an engine room and a piping room, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the cooling water injection port, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the water injection port, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust heat exchanger, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the engine, FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder head cover, FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a lubricating oil supply device of the engine, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an outer panel wall of an outdoor air conditioning unit. .
[0012]
First, in the diagram showing the overall configuration of the engine-driven air conditioner of FIG. 1, the engine-driven air conditioner 1 includes an outdoor air conditioning unit (hereinafter, also referred to as an outdoor unit) 2 and an indoor air conditioning unit 3. ing. The indoor air-conditioning unit 3 includes a refrigerant indoor heat exchanger 4, a decompression expansion valve 18, and an indoor heat exchange blower fan (not shown). The outdoor air conditioning unit 2 includes an engine room 7 in which an engine 5, compressors 6, 6 and the like are disposed, a main accumulator (hereinafter also referred to as a waste heat recovery unit) 8, a sub accumulator 9, an electrical component box 50, A piping chamber 10 in which pipes and the like connecting each device are arranged, a refrigerant outdoor upper heat exchanger 11, a refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12, and an engine cooling water heat exchanger (hot water heat exchanger) And an outdoor heat exchanger room 14 in which a radiator 13 and the like are disposed. The upper heat exchanger 11 is shown in FIG.3As you can see, two similar things are juxtaposed and16Are displayed as one for convenience.
[0013]
A water-cooled gas fuel engine is used as the engine 5, and a gas mixer 21 b and an air cleaner 21 c are connected to an intake port of the engine 5 via an intake pipe 21 a, and the intake pipe 21 a is connected to a top wall of the engine room 7 and outdoor heat exchange. It opens to the outside through the ceiling wall of the instrument room. The intake pipe 21a may be opened in the engine room 7 as described later.
[0014]
The gas mixer 21b is connected to a gas fuel source via a fuel line 22, and the fuel line 22 is provided with a flow control valve 22a, a zero governor (reducing valve) 22b, and two solenoid valves 22c integrated with the gas mixer 21b. ing. Further, an exhaust heat exchanger 23b, an exhaust silencer 23c, and a mist separator 23e are connected to an exhaust port of the engine 5 via an exhaust pipe 23a.OutdoorIt opens above the heat exchange chamber 14.
[0015]
Further, the engine 5 is provided with a lubricating oil tank 24a, and when the amount of lubricating oil decreases, the solenoid valve 24b opens to supply lubricating oil by gravity.
[0016]
Compressors 6, 6 are connected to the output shaft of the engine 5 via clutches 6a, 6a. The discharge port of the compressor 6 is connected to the refrigerant outdoor upper heat exchanger 11 and the refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12 via the refrigerant line 16a, the four-way valve 15 switched to the cooling operation position, and the refrigerant line 16b. The two heat exchangers 11 and 12 are connected to the refrigerant indoor heat exchanger 4 via a refrigerant line 16c, a heat exchange part 16e in the main accumulator 8, and a refrigerant line 17a. The exchanger 4 is connected to the suction ports of the compressors 6, 6 via the refrigerant line 17b, the four-way valve 15, the refrigerant line 16d, the main accumulator 8, and the sub-accumulator 9. In addition, 102 is a dryer, 103 is a filter which bypasses a liquid.
[0017]
Note that 900 and 901 are capillary tubes, and 910 and 910 are each a combination of a temperature detector and a capillary tube, and are for detecting the refrigerant temperature to detect the level of the liquid-phase refrigerant in the main accumulator 8. It is. Reference numeral 911 denotes an open / close valve, and 912 denotes an oil discharge passage. When the amount of oil accumulated in the lower portion of the accumulator increases, the open / close valve 911 is opened manually or automatically so that oil flows from the main accumulator 8 to the sub-accumulator 9. .
[0018]
An oil separator 19a for separating the lubricating oil in the refrigerant is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 16a. When the amount of the lubricating oil separated by the oil separator 19a exceeds a predetermined value, the oil strainer 19b is set to a predetermined value. At this time, it is returned to the main accumulator 8 via the electromagnetic valve 19c that opens. The lubricating oil is also returned to the sub accumulator 9. The refrigerant line 16a is connected to the main accumulator 8 via an oil strainer 20a and a solenoid valve 20b that opens when the pressure in the line is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, thereby avoiding an abnormal increase in refrigerant line pressure.
[0019]
Reference numeral 90 denotes an electromagnetic valve, and 91 denotes an oil strainer. When cooling, when the load on the indoor unit 4 becomes particularly small, the electromagnetic valve 90 opens to allow the refrigerant to bypass the indoor unit 4 and flow to the main accumulator 8. And try to balance.
[0020]
An outdoor unit cooling water circulation system S as the outdoor air conditioning unit 2 is provided. The cooling water circulation system S includes first circulation paths 29a1, 29a2, 29q, which circulate through the cooling water jacket 28b, the thermostat 28c, and the first cooling water pump 28a of the engine 5 when the temperature of the cooling water is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. 29s, when the engine is cold, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the linear three-way valve 28d, one is the radiator 13, the other is the heat exchange part 29g in the main accumulator 8, and the second circulation path 29e1 that circulates through the second cooling water pump 28e. , 29e2, 29r, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29f1, 29f2, and 29p, and when the engine is warmed up when the coolant temperature exceeds a predetermined value, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the first coolant pump 28a, One of a cooling water jacket 28b, a thermostat 28c, and a linear three-way valve 28d of the engine 5 is a radiator. 3. The other is a third circulation path 29e1, 29e2, 29s, 29a1, 29a2, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29f1, 29f2 that circulates in the order of the heat exchange part 29g in the main accumulator 8 and the second cooling water pump 28e. 29p. As will be described later, the first cooling water pump 28a is arranged near the opening of the introduction passage in the engine room, or is arranged in the piping room.
[0021]
Further, a cooling water reservoir tank 30a is connected to the radiator 13 via a water pipe 30c and an inlet 30b. One port of a thermostat 28c is also connected to the inlet 30b, and the thermostat 28c is constituted by a jiggle valve. The port of the thermostat 28c is always in communication with the cooling water jacket 28b via a throttle, and air can be vented from the first circulation paths 29a1, 29a2, 29q, 29s when the engine is cold. The cooling water reservoir tank 30a is also provided with a water inlet 30d and a communication path 30e between the cooling water reservoir 30a and the atmosphere.
[0022]
Further, when the linear three-way valve 28d is switched, the engine cooling water is supplied to the heat exchange unit 29g in the main accumulator 8 by the water pipe 29d, thereby giving heat to the refrigerant.
[0023]
Next, a specific structure of the outdoor air-conditioning unit 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0024]
The casing 31 of the outdoor air-conditioning unit 2 mounts and fixes a floor plate 33 on a pair of bases 32, and stands uprights 34 at four corners. On the left side, each is connected by one ceiling beam (not shown), the floor plate 33 is bent at the front and rear ends to form a floor beam 33a, the left and right sides are left, and the right side plates 37c and 37d, and the ceiling surface is This is a structure covered with a plate 37e. The top plate 37e is bent at the front, rear, left and right ends to form a connection portion with each of the plates 37a to 37d or the support 34.
[0025]
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the right and left front side plates 37a, 37a whose upper ends are bent are fastened to the bent engine room side partition plates 41a, 41b by tightening screws 35, as shown in FIG. . Similarly, right and left rear plates 37b, 37b are attached to the pipe chamber side partition plates 42a, 42b on the rear side, respectively, as viewed from the front where the upper ends are bent.
[0026]
The front and rear plates 37a and 37b cover lower portions of a front and rear side of the casing 31 below a partition plate 39, which will be described later, and these front, rear, left and right plates 37a to 37d serve to improve the maintainability of each device. It is detachable to secure.
[0027]
The upper portions of the front side plate 37a and the rear side plate 37b on the front and rear sides of the casing 31 are openings for introducing outside air, and wire meshes 38a and 38b functioning as filters are provided at the top and bottom of the horizontal frames 36a and 36b, respectively. It is attached detachably. A discharge opening 37f for discharging the introduced outside air upward is formed in the top plate 37e, and the outside opening 37f sucks outside air into the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14 from the wire meshes 38a and 38b. , An outdoor heat exchange blower fan 44 that discharges air upward. A wire mesh 38c is provided upright around the discharge opening 37f.
[0028]
The partition plate 39 is for defining the outdoor heat exchanger room 14, the engine room 7 and the piping room 10, and includes a central partition plate 40 and an engine room side partition plate 41 a constituting a ceiling of the engine room 7. , 41b, and piping room side partition plates 42a, 42b constituting the ceiling of the piping room 10., These constitute a partition wall.The engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b and the piping room side partition plates 42a and 42b are detachable upward.
[0029]
At the time of removal, the front and rear side plates 37a and 37b are also removed, the engine room 7 is opened at the ceiling side, the front side and both corners, and the piping room 10 is opened at the ceiling side, the rear side and both. The corners are open, making it easier to perform maintenance work on the equipment in each room.
[0030]
Further, at the boundary between the center partition plate 40 and the pipe compartment side partition plates 42a and 42b, and on the upper outside (the upper portion on the side of the pipe compartment 10) of the rear middle plate 44a constituting the front side wall of the engine room 7, a gutter 48 ( The drainage passage) is disposed so as to be disassembled from the center and the pipe chamber side partition plates 40, 42a, and 42b, that is, exchangeable with a new one. The gutter 48 is a groove extending in the longitudinal direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) of the outdoor air-conditioning unit 2, that is, in the direction in which the heat exchanger is disposed. The right end 48b located at the highest point of the gutter 48 can be exposed to the outside by removing the right side plate 37d or by providing an opening (cleaning hole).
[0031]
The central partition plate 40 may cover the gutter 48 in a V-shape, and a plurality of rainwater dripping holes may be provided on the V-shaped bottom above the gutter 48.
[0032]
A tubular vertical gutter (drainage pipe) 43 is connected to the left end 48a located at the lowest part of the horizontal gutter 48 so as to be disassembled. The downspout 43 extends downward at a corner formed by the inner surface of the left side plate 37c and the outer surface of the rear middle plate 44a constituting the front wall of the engine room 7, and the drain port 43a opening at the lower end thereof is provided with a floor plate. It is located below 33 and faces outward. The downspout 43 can be replaced with a new one by removing the left side plate 37c.
[0033]
Further, the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b, the pipe room side partition plates 42a and 42b, and the center partition plate 40 are inclined so as to become lower toward the gutter 48 side. Therefore, rainwater or the like that has entered the outdoor heat exchanger room 14 is immediately collected by the horizontal gutter 48 and discharged to the outside through the vertical gutter 43. Also, due to the inclination of the engine room side partition plates 41a, 41b, the pipe room side partition plates 42a, 42b, and the center partition plate 40, the positions of the outer ends of the engine room side partition plates 41a, 41b and the pipe room side partition plates 42a, 42b. And the opening when the front and rear side plates 37a and 37b are removed to inspect and maintain the inside is large.
[0034]
Further, the central partition plate 40 is formed at two locations so as to open ventilation air outlets 40 b into the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14. The outlet 40b is surrounded by a muffling box 40c. The opening 40d of the silencing box 40c is located above the gutter 48, and is located downstream of the gutter 48 with respect to the outlet 40b. This prevents rainwater or the like entering the outdoor heat exchanger room 14 or rainwater or the like flowing in the horizontal gutter 48 from entering the engine room 7 from the discharge port 40b.
[0035]
In addition, a sponge-like sound absorbing sheet is stuck inside the sound deadening box 40c.
[0036]
The side walls of the engine room 7 are the front side plate 37a, the left side plate 37c, the rear middle plate 44a, and the right middle plate 44b, the top wall is the engine room side partition plates 41a, 41b and the center partition plate 40, and the bottom wall is the floor plate 33. And a bottom plate 45 arranged with a space between them. The upper and lower end surfaces of the rear middle plate 44a and the right middle plate 44b are airtightly connected to the partition plate 39 and the floor plate 33, and thus the engine room 7 is configured to have a soundproof structure. The rear middle plate 44a and the right middle plate 44b are partition walls of the engine room 7 and the piping room 10.
[0037]
The space between the bottom plate 45 and the floor plate 33 is a box-shaped ventilation passage 46, and the bottom plate 45 has a large number of outlets 45 a for blowing ventilation air into the engine room 7, substantially uniformly over the entire surface. It is arranged and formed. Further, two engine room air inlets 46a opening into the piping chamber 10 are formed on the right middle plate 44b side of the ventilation passage 46, and a ventilation fan 47 is disposed in each air inlet 46a. . The drainage port 43a of the downspout 43 is provided on the opposite side of the engine room air intake 46a, that is, at a position separated from the air intake 46a.
[0038]
An electrical box 50 in which various control devices and the like are accommodated is provided on the inner surface side of the rear plate 37b in the piping chamber 10. An air inlet 50a is formed at the bottom of the electrical component box 50, and a discharge port 50b is formed at the upper part of the side surface. A gap serving as an air passage is opened between the bottom and the floor plate 33. The floor plate 33 is provided with a piping chamber air inlet 33b for introducing outside air into the piping chamber 10, and outside air is introduced into the piping chamber 10 through the air inlet 33b. A part of the introduced outside air is introduced into the electrical box 50 from the air inlet 50a, and is discharged from the outlet 50b to ventilate the electrical box 50. Further, the drainage port 43a of the downspout 43 is separated from the pipe chamber air inlet 33b and is located below.
[0039]
Note that there is no floor plate 33 below the terminal room 699 and no ceiling. The terminal chamber 699 is a communication passage connecting the piping chamber 10 and the outside of the casing 31. The terminal chamber 699 is opened to the rear outside with the rear side plate 37b removed. The rest of the joints 800a, 801a of the refrigerant pipes 800, 801 and the fuel pipe 22d are located in the terminal chamber 699, and are connected to external pipes introduced from below the terminal chamber 699, respectively. Connected to external power supply. A cord having a plug at the end also passes through the terminal chamber 699.
[0040]
Inside the outdoor heat exchanger chamber 14, upper and lower rear side heat exchangers 11 and 11, upper and lower rear heat exchangers 12, and lower and lower heat exchangers 12 for engine coolant on the lower front side. Radiators 13 are provided as exchangers. The outdoor outdoor heat exchangers 11 and 11 for the refrigerant are arranged vertically and along the wire nets 38a and 38b, while the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the radiator 13 on the lower side are located closer to the lower side. The radiator 13 is provided with a water inlet 30b at the right end of the upper end thereof.
[0041]
As shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 11, the water injection port 30b faces the right end of the horizontal frame 36a constituting the side wall of the casing 31 and the injection door 63 provided on the column 34, and faces obliquely upward. A water supply cylinder 60 connected to the upper end of a head pipe 13c of the radiator 13 disposed, a cap 61 for opening and closing an opening 60a of the water supply cylinder 60, and a pressure valve 62 disposed in the cap 61 are provided. I have. The opening 60a opens obliquely upward toward the wire netting 38a that forms the side wall of the casing 31 of the outdoor air conditioning unit 2. The pressure valve 62 opens and closes a valve seat opening 60a formed in an intermediate portion of the water supply cylinder 60 with its valve body 62b, and the valve body 62b is urged in a closing direction by a spring 62a.
[0042]
The pressure valve 62 regulates the maximum internal pressure of both circulation circuits of the cooling water. That is, when the internal pressure of the circulating circuit exceeds the valve opening pressure, the pressure valve 62 is opened, and the remaining air, steam or hot water is guided to the cooling water reservoir tank 30a, and the circulating circuit components are regarded as having an abnormal steam pressure. Also protectable. The pressure valve 62c opens when the pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the circulation circuit becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, and allows the flow from the outside to the inside.
[0043]
When the engine 5 stops and the temperature of the cooling water drops, the water vapor in the circulation circuit condenses and the internal pressure drops below the atmospheric pressure, and when the differential pressure between the outside and the inside increases, the pressure valve 60c opens to open the cooling water reservoir. The water in the tank 30a is pushed up by the atmospheric pressure and is replenished in the circulation circuit.
[0044]
If the cap 61 is removed for checking the cooling water, the airtightness of the seal 61a is lost, and the water in the pipe 30c returns to the cooling water reservoir tank 30a, and the water level drops.
[0045]
Even if the water vapor passes through the pressure valve 62 in the circuit due to the engine operation, the water level is gradually increased by repeating the movement of the water vapor to the cooling water reservoir tank 30a and the increase in the water level by the water amount corresponding to the moved water vapor amount due to the engine stop. It rises and can be refilled in the circulation circuit, but in the meantime, the amount of cooling water may be insufficient. However, in this embodiment, the water level rises quickly when the position of the water supply cylinder 60 is lowered, and the amount of cooling water is unlikely to be insufficient. The heat exchange in the main accumulator 8 or the radiator 13 can be sufficiently performed accordingly. That is, even if the generated steam pressure is reduced by the heat exchange, the time until the replenishment becomes possible is shortened.
[0046]
The lower end of the radiator 13 is located above the engine room side partition plates 41a and 41b and on the upper corner portion of the center partition plate 40 and the sound deadening box 40c. Further, the lower end of the refrigerant outdoor lower heat exchanger 12 is located on the lower corner portion of the central partition plate 40 and the sound deadening box 40c beyond the tube room side partition plates 42a and 42b and further beyond the horizontal gutter 48.
[0047]
The radiator 13, the refrigerant heat exchangers 11 and 12, and the respective pipe lines 29c, 29d, 16b, 16c and 30c connected to the respective devices in the piping chamber 10 are located on the right side plate 37d side of the piping chamber 10 and at the center in the front-rear direction. And penetrates through one sealing pad 49 disposed at the left end of the center partition plate 40, and thus a plurality of pipelines are sealed by one pad.
[0048]
The sealing pad 49 has cuts 49a connecting the pipe holes and the left side plate 37c direction end. Thus, after the piping is completed, the sealing pad 49 can be fitted into the piping from the right side with the right side plate 37d removed. By forming the center partition plate 40 and the right side plate 37d in a sealed state around the sealing pad 49, the piping chamber 10OutdoorA heat exchange chamber 14 is defined.
[0049]
Further, the pipelines connected to the heat exchangers 11 to 13 are obliquely routed along the oblique arrangement of the lower heat exchanger 12 and the radiator 13.
[0050]
As described above, the engine room 7 and the piping room 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the outdoor unit as the outdoor air-conditioning unit 2, the ventilation passage 46 is disposed below the engine room 7, and the ventilation passage 46 and the piping room 10 The fan 47 is arranged between the two. A main accumulator 8 and a sub-accumulator are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction on the rear side in the piping chamber 10, and a lubricating oil tank 24 a and a cooling water Since the reserve tank 30a is provided, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the oil from deteriorating. Recess on the front side of the lubricating oil tank 24aPart, A reserve tank 30a. In addition, the lubricating oil tank 24aInjectionOf the mouth 24a2 and the reserve tank 30aWater injectionPort 30a1, supply port 30 to radiator 13bAre arranged on the forward leaning side of the engine, that is, in front of the outdoor unit 2 in the front-rear direction, and maintenance and replenishment of the engine 5 can be easily performed by removing the front plate 37a.
[0051]
In the engine room 7, an inspection device T used for maintenance and inspection of the outdoor air-conditioning unit 2 is disposed so as to face the front side plate 37a, and can be easily operated by removing the front side plate 37a. The engine 5 and the compressor 6 are arranged in the engine room 7 in the longitudinal direction.
[0052]
An air cleaner 21c is arranged above the compressor 6, and an exhaust silencer 23c and an oil separator 23d are arranged side by side. The intake pipe 21a connected to the upstream side of the air cleaner 21c is opened to the outside through the center partition plate 40 forming the top wall of the engine room 7 and the top plate 37e forming the top wall of the outdoor heat exchanger room 14. The gas mixer 21b connected to the downstream side of the air cleaner 21c is connected to the intake port of the engine 5. The exhaust pipe 23a connected to the upstream side of the oil separator 23d is opened to the outside through the central partition plate 40 forming the top wall of the engine room 7 and the top plate 37e forming the top wall of the outdoor heat exchanger room 14. The exhaust silencer 23c connected downstream of the oil separator 23d is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 23b.
[0053]
The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is arranged on the front side of the engine 5, the exhaust outlet 23b1 is arranged on the compressor side of the exhaust heat exchanger 23b in the longitudinal direction, and the gas mixer 21b having a built-in throttle is arranged beside the cylinder head 5a. 21b and the intake silencer 21c were connected by an intake pipe 21a1. The compressor 6 is disposed on an extension of the crankshaft of the engine 5 and is located at a position lower than the entire cylinder head 5a of the engine 5, whereby the upper space of the compressor 6 can be effectively used, and the air cleaner 21c and the exhaust gas By arranging the silencer 23c and the oil separator 23d side by side, the engine room 7 can be made smaller. Further, the length of the exhaust pipe 23a1 between the exhaust heat exchanger 23b and the exhaust silencer 23c can be shortened, and the workability of attaching and detaching the exhaust pipe 23a1 is improved.
[0054]
The exhaust gas is cooled when flowing through the exhaust pipes 23a, 23a1 and the exhaust silencer 23c, and is separated from the exhaust gas to generate drain water having an acidic content. Also in the mist separator 23e, drain water containing an acidic component is generated by being separated from the exhaust gas. These drain waters are guided to a neutralizer 104 via pipes 101, 102, and 103, respectively, and the drain water is neutralized by the neutralizer 104 and discharged through a pipe 105. The oil separator 23d communicates with the oil pan of the engine 5 via the oil return passage 106, and communicates with the cylinder head 5a via the breather passage 107.
[0055]
An air cleaner 21c, an exhaust silencer 23c and a mist separator 23e are arranged in a space above the compressor 6 connected to the engine 5 in the engine room 7 at a position other than above the engine 5, and a neutralizer is provided below the compressor 6. The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is disposed at a position higher than the neutralizer 104, and the air cleaner 21c, the exhaust silencer 23c, and the mist separator 23e are disposed at higher positions. Height can be reduced. In addition, the condensed water in the exhaust heat exchanger 23b can be reliably guided to the neutralizer 104. Further, the condensed water in the mist separator 23e can be surely guided to the neutralizer 104.
[0056]
Further, the exhaust silencer 23c, the mist separator 23e, and the neutralizer 104 are disposed on the right side of the indoor air conditioning unit 2, and the drain port of the exhaust heat exchanger 23b is also disposed on the right side. 103 is short and drain water does not stay.
[0057]
The air cleaner 21c and the oil separator 23d are adjacent to each other in the vicinity of the intake port of the engine 5, and the pipe 108 that guides the breather gas after separating oil in the oil separator 23d to the air cleaner 21c can be shortened. Further, the intake pipe 21a1 between the air cleaner 21c and the gas mixer 21b of the engine 5 can be shortened.
[0058]
Next, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b will be described. The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is configured as shown in FIG. The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is mounted on the exhaust side of the engine 5, and the engine 5 and the exhaust heat exchanger 23b are integrated.
[0059]
The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is provided with an upstream heat exchange section 210 having projections and depressions in the expansion chamber of the exhaust passage, and a downstream heat exchange section 211 having an exhaust passage formed by a screw pipe having a non-circular cross section.
[0060]
In the upstream heat exchange section 210, an expansion chamber 212 of a U-shaped exhaust passage is formed in a casing 207, and fins 213 and projections 214 form unevenness in the expansion chamber 212. In the expansion chamber 212, a partition wall 207d extends from one side 207c in the vicinity of the other side 207e, and an upper expansion chamber 212a and a lower expansion chamber 212b communicating with the side 207e are formed. .
[0061]
An upper cooling water passage 215a is formed around the upper expansion chamber 212a of the exhaust passage of the upstream heat exchange section 210, and the upper cooling water passage 215a extends to the partition wall 207d. A lower cooling water passage 215b is formed around the lower expansion chamber 212b, and the cooling water entering from the cooling water inlet 226 flows to the right in the downstream heat exchange unit 211 and then enters the lower cooling water passage 215b. After flowing to the left through the lower cooling water passage 215b, it enters the upper cooling water passage 215a, flows right through the upper cooling water passage 215a, and is discharged from the cooling water outlet 215c formed at the upper right end of the casing 207. It enters the cooling water pipe 29e2.
[0062]
The upstream heat exchange section 210 has a connection portion (not shown) formed in the casing 207, and this connection portion can be directly connected to the exhaust side of the engine 5. Exhaust gas from the exhaust side of the engine 5 is introduced into the upper expansion chamber 212a from exhaust gas inlets 216 formed at four places of the casing 207, and the exhaust gas is guided to the lower expansion chamber 212b, and further, is connected to the downstream heat exchange section. It is led to 211.
[0063]
As described above, the high-temperature, high-pressure exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the engine 5 is introduced into the upstream heat exchange section 210 of the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, where the exhaust gas exchanges with the cooling water. It is cooled by heat exchange.
[0064]
Due to the expansion chamber 212 in the exhaust passage of the upstream heat exchange section 210, the exhaust resistance of the exhaust gas from the exhaust side of the engine 5 is reduced, and the exhaust efficiency is improved. . Moreover, unevenness is formed in the expansion chamber 212 of the upstream heat exchange section 210 by the fins 213 and the projections 214, and the unevenness increases the surface area, so that high heat exchange efficiency can be obtained.
[0065]
The exhaust gas passage of the downstream side heat exchange unit 211 is constituted by a screw pipe 220 having a non-circular cross section. A closing plate 221 is provided at one end of the plurality of screw pipes 220, and a gasket 222 is provided at the other end. A guide plate 223 is provided in the portion to form a pipe unit 224. The screw pipe 220 has a cruciform cross section, and four projections 220a radially protruding from the outer periphery of the screw pipe 220 form a spiral along the length of the outer periphery of the screw pipe 220.
[0066]
The pipe unit 224 is disposed in a cooling water chamber 225 formed in the casing 207. A cooling water inlet 226 is formed below the cooling water chamber 225, and a cooling water outlet 227 is formed above the cooling water chamber 225. Cooling water from the engine 5 is supplied from the cooling water inlet 226 to the cooling water chamber 225, circulates through the cooling water chamber 225, and is supplied from the cooling water outlet 227 to the lower cooling water passage 215 b of the upstream heat exchange unit 210.
[0067]
The closing plate 221 of the pipe unit 224 is sealed by an O-ring 228, and the cover 230 is further fixed to the lower part of the side part 207e of the casing 207 by bolts 231 via a gasket 229. A collective exhaust chamber 232 is formed by the cover 230, an exhaust gas outlet 233 is provided at the center of the cover 230, and a drain water outlet 234 is provided below the cover 230.
[0068]
On the other side of the pipe unit 224, the gasket 222 is fastened to the lower part of the side part 207 c of the casing 207 with bolts 235, and the cover 236 is further fixed to the side part 207 c of the casing 207 with bolts 237 via the gasket 222. A communication collective exhaust chamber 238 is formed by the cover 236, and exhaust gas is introduced into the communication collective exhaust chamber 238 from the lower expansion chamber 212 b of the upstream heat exchange unit 210. The exhaust gas is guided from the communication collective exhaust chamber 238 to the collective exhaust chamber 232 through the screw pipe 220 of the pipe unit 224, and is discharged from the collective exhaust chamber 232 from the exhaust gas outlet 233.
[0069]
As described above, since the exhaust passage of the downstream heat exchange unit 211 is constituted by the screw pipe 220, the exhaust gas flows in the screw pipe 220 as a swirling flow, and the exhaust gas is cooled by the turbulent flow effect of the exhaust gas. The heat transfer coefficient to water is increased, and high heat exchange efficiency is obtained.
[0070]
In the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the cooling water in the upstream heat exchange unit 210 and the downstream heat exchange unit 211, and the heat of the exhaust gas is effectively recovered. The temperature and pressure are reduced, and exhaust noise is reduced.
[0071]
Next, a specific embodiment of the engine 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the engine 5, a cylinder block 301 is fixed to an oil pan 300 also serving as a crankcase, and the cylinder block 301 is inclined forward. A cylinder head 302 is mounted on the cylinder block 301, and a cylinder head cover 303 is attached to the cylinder head 302.
[0072]
Reference numeral 401 denotes a main journal bearing of the crankshaft 335, that is, a tightening bolt for fastening the oil pan 300 to the cylinder block 301 around the crank journal 358. This eliminates the need for a so-called bearing cap.
[0073]
The cylinder head cover 303 is inclined forward by a predetermined angle θ with respect to a horizontal plane, an upper portion 303a is formed with an oil inlet 303b on the front side, and a cap 305 is attached via a packing 304 for sealing the oil inlet 303b. Have been. The cap 305 faces the front side, and can be easily attached and detached from the front side, so that the oil supply operation is easy. A rib 303c extending downward from the ceiling wall on the rear side is formed on the cylinder head cover 303, and a plate 306 is attached to the rib 303c with an attachment screw 307, thereby forming an oil separation chamber 308. A passage 309 meandering up and down is formed in the oil separation chamber 308, the oil is separated by the meandering passage 309, and the oil returns to the inside of the cylinder head from oil return holes 306a and 306b formed at the rising portion of the plate 306. ing. A connection pipe 310 is provided above the cylinder head cover 303, and air containing oil is sent from the connection pipe 310 to the oil separator 23d.
[0074]
At the front and rear of the engine 5, mounting brackets 320 and 321 are fastened and fixed to the cylinder block 301 and the mounting bracket 321 to the oil pan 300 by bolts 322 and 323, respectively. Are attached to the mounting portions 325a and 326a of the vibration isolation rubbers 325 and 326. The engine 5 is mounted with anti-vibration rubbers 325 and 326 and has an anti-vibration structure.
[0075]
A cast iron sleeve 330 is fitted to the aluminum alloy die-cast cylinder block 301 in a state where the lower part is watertight by an O-ring 330a. A piston 331 is provided on the sleeve 330 so as to be able to reciprocate. The large end 333b of the connecting rod 333 is connected to the crankshaft 335 via the crankpin 334, and the reciprocating motion of the piston 331 causes the crankshaft 335 to rotate via the connecting rod 333. . A combustion chamber 336 is formed between the top of the piston 331 and the cylinder head 302. An intake passage 337 and an exhaust passage 338 formed in the cylinder head 302 are opened in the combustion chamber 336. And the exhaust valve 340. The intake valve 339 and the exhaust valve 340 are operated by a valve mechanism 341, and the camshaft 342 of the valve mechanism 341 rotates in conjunction with the crankshaft 335, and the cam 342 a of the camshaft 342 moves the push rod 343 up and down. As a result, the rocker arm 344 moves up and down, and the intake valve 339 and the exhaust valve 340 operate. An exhaust heat exchanger 23b is mounted on the front side of the cylinder block 301, exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust passage 338 to the exhaust heat exchanger 23b, and an intake pipe 337 is connected to the intake passage 337. The exhaust heat exchanger 23b is attached to the cylinder head 302 by attachment bolts 345 and to the cylinder block 301 by attachment stays 346. The engine 5 is disposed close to the front plate 37a, and the front plate 37a in front of the engine is removed, the mounting bolt 345 is removed from the front, and the mounting stay 346 is removed, so that the engine 5 can be easily attached and detached from the front. And maintenance work is easy.
[0076]
As described above, the engine 5 is inclined forward, the exhaust port is disposed below the inclined axis, the exhaust heat exchanger 23b is directly connected below the exhaust port, and the front side plate 37a is detachable. The replacement of the spark plug 400 and the lubrication work with the cap 305 removed become easy, and the maintainability of the engine 5 is improved.
[0077]
Oil is stored in the oil pan 350 of the engine 5, and an oil level gauge 351 is attached to the oil pan 350 from the front side of the engine 5 so as to be insertable. The oil level gauge 351 has a lower limit mark 351a and an upper limit mark 351b, so that the lower limit oil level and the upper limit oil level can be detected. An oil pump 352 is mounted inside the front side of the cylinder block 301 of the engine 5.
[0078]
A water jacket 360 is formed between the cylinder block 301 and the sleeve 330, and cooling water is supplied to the water jacket 360 from the pipe 29a1. Cooling water circulates through the water jacket 361 formed in the cylinder head 302 and cools from the water jacket 360, and is sent out from the water jacket 361 to the pipe 29a2. The cooling water cooling path is indicated by a two-dot chain line arrow.
[0079]
Next, an oil lubrication path will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 12, the oil lubrication path is indicated by solid arrows.
[0080]
By driving the oil pump 352, the oil is supplied to a main gallery 355 which is a hollow portion in the camshaft 342 via a filter 354. The relief valve 353 is for releasing oil into the oil pan 300 when the pressure on the outlet side of the oil pump 352 becomes too high.
[0081]
The relief valve 356 is for sending oil to the main gallery 355 as a bypass when the oil filter 354 is clogged.
[0082]
It is sent from the main gallery 355 to the camshaft journal 357, the crank journal 358, and the large end 333 b of the connecting rod 333, lubricating each, and returned to the oil pan 300. The oil is sent from the main gallery 355 to the respective cylinder heads 302 and returned to the oil pan 300 via the valve operating mechanism 344. Oil separation chambers 308 are provided in the cylinder head 302, and breather gas in the crank chamber is sent from these oil separation chambers 308 to the oil separator 23d through the breather passage 107, and oil in the breather gas is captured and separated by an oil catcher. The oil is returned to the oil pan 300 via the oil return passage 106.
[0083]
Further, the oil is sent from the oil pump 352 to the transmission gear case 380 via the oil filter 354, and the bearings 381, 382 and the gear 383 provided in the transmission gear case 380 are lubricated and returned to the oil pan 300.
[0084]
The engine 5 is provided with a lubricating oil supply device J, and oil is supplied from the lubricating oil tank 24a by opening the solenoid valve 24b. The lubricating oil tank 24a has an oil inlet 24a2Is provided, and the cap 24a1Remove the oil inlet 24a2Oil is replenished.
[0085]
The lubricating oil supply device J is configured as shown in FIG. An oil inlet 24 is provided at the upper part of the lubricating oil tank 24a.a2Is provided so as to face the front side, and the cap 24a1Can be easily attached and detached from the front side. In the lower part of the lubricating oil tank 24aOil supply passageAn oil pipe 390 is connected to one joint 24b1 of the solenoid valve 24b attached to the stay 391. An oil pipe 392 is connected to the other joint 24b2 of the solenoid valve 24b. The oil pipe 392 is connected to an oil inlet 352a provided in the engine 5, and the oil is poured from above the oil surface in the oil pan.
[0086]
The electromagnetic valve 24b for supplying oil is fixedly installed on the floor, and a pipe connecting the oil inlet 352a to the oil pump 352 is connected by an oil pipe 392 which is an elastic rubber pipe. The oil pipe 390, which is also formed between the valve 24b and the lubricating oil tank 24a and is an oil pipe, penetrates the right middle plate 44b which is a partition wall between the pipe chamber 10 and the engine chamber 7, and then the engine pipe 7 And the oil pipe 390 on this side is long.
[0087]
The engine 5 is displaced by vibration, but at least the oil pipe 392 can be relatively displaced by elasticity. In this embodiment, the oil pipe 390 also uses the same pipe material as the oil pipe 392.
[0088]
The oil pipe 392, which is an oil pipe connecting the solenoid valve 24b and the oil inlet 352a to the oil pan 350, is swung. Since large stress does not easily occur, the durability of the oil pipe 392 is improved.
[0089]
Also, the lubricating oil tank 24a to the engine 5 has the same end, and the oil inlet 24 of the lubricating oil tank 24a.a2Is located above the water inlet 30a1 of the cooling water reserve tank 30a, so that water and oil can be easily supplied. Also, the oil inlet 24 of the lubricating oil tank 24aa2Is oilCap 24a1Keep openReserve tank 30aWhen spilled, water will not mix with oil.
[0090]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the lubricating oil tank 24a is L-shaped when viewed from the side, and the cooling reserve tank 30a is disposed in the recess 24a3 of the lubricating oil tank 24a. The oil surface area of the upper part is larger than that of the lower part. Thereby, both the cooling reserve tank 30a and the lubricating oil tank 24a can be accommodated in a compact space.
[0091]
In addition, the cooling reserve tank 30a and the lubricating oil tank 24a are provided with a water inlet and an inlet, respectively, in front of both, so that workability can be improved.
[0092]
Further, the lubricating oil tank 24a is disposed above, so that the oil level can be raised even if the oil level decreases, and the oil level with respect to the oil pan 300 can be set higher for a long time. Replenishment is possible in a short time. In addition, the drain plug 300a is arrange | positioned at the front lower surface of the oil pan 300, and an oil draining operation becomes easy.
[0093]
Next, the inventionCorresponding embodimentWill be described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG. 16 is a front view of the outdoor air conditioning unit, and FIG. 17 is a plan view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
[0094]
In this embodiment, the same members as those in FIGS. 1 to 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.You.The outdoor harmony unit 2Partition wallOn the upper part by the partition plate 39OutdoorThe heat exchanger room 14 is partitioned, and a lower middle plate 44a and a left middle plate 44d are arranged at a lower portion to partition the engine room 7 and the piping room 10. The engine 5 is disposed on the right side of the engine room 7, and the compressor 6 is located on the left side of the engine 5.OutdoorThe radiator 13 and the heat exchanger 11 are arranged in the heat exchanger room 14. A lubricating oil tank 24a is disposed on the right side of the radiator 13, and an oil pipe 390 connected to the lubricating oil tank 24a penetrates the partition plate 39 to supply oil to the engine 5 via the electromagnetic valve 24b. ing.
[0095]
In the engine room 7, a cooling reserve tank 30a is disposed on the right side of the engine 5. The tip opening of the intake pipe 21aFormed on the bottom plate 45It faces the ejection port 45a. As a result, the supercharging effect of the ventilation fan 47 is received. Further, since fresh air is introduced around the piping chamber 10 containing the main accumulator 8 for storing the liquid-phase refrigerant, the temperature of the fresh air decreases, and in this regard, the charging efficiency increases and a large output can be obtained. it can.
[0096]
Thus, the outdoor air conditioning unit 2Is divided into an engine room 7 containing the engine 5 and a heat exchanger room 10 containing the heat exchanger, and a lubricating oil tank 24a containing oil for lubricating the engine 5 is provided with a heat exchanger 24. By arranging the lubricating oil tank 24a in the outdoor unit by placing the lubricating oil tank 24a in the outdoor unit,OutdoorBy arranging in the heat exchanger chamber 14, deterioration of oil can be prevented.
[0097]
Also, the outdoor air conditioning unit 2Is housed in the engine room 7 that houses the engine 5 and the heat exchanger.OutdoorIt is partitioned into a heat exchanger room 14 and a piping room 10 that houses a main accumulator 8 disposed in the middle of a refrigerant circuit circulated by a compressor 6 driven by the engine 5, and contains oil that lubricates the engine 5. Lubricating oil tank 24a,Arranged in the outdoor heat exchanger room 14As a result, the effect of heat of the engine 5 is reduced, and the lubricating oil tank 24a is placed in the outdoor unit at a low temperature.Arranged in the outdoor heat exchanger room 14Thereby, deterioration of the oil can be prevented.
[0098]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 divides the engine room and the outdoor heat exchanger room accommodating the heat exchanger, and arranges the lubricating oil tank in the divided outdoor heat exchanger room. In addition, the influence of heat of the engine is reduced, and the deterioration of oil is prevented by arranging the lubricating oil tank in the outdoor heat exchanger room having a low temperature in the outdoor unit.
In addition, the oil level is always high with respect to the engine, so it is possible to replenish the oil in a short time, and at the time of oil replenishment, the used oil goes to the lubricating oil tank side where unused oil is stored. No backflow.
Further, since the oil inlet of the lubricating oil tank is located forward in the outdoor heat exchanger room, the lubricating oil injection operation can be easily performed.
In addition, a ventilation air outlet is provided on the partition wall, and a muffling box is formed so as to surround this outlet, preventing rainwater, etc., entering the outdoor heat exchanger room from entering the engine room from the outlet. Is done.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an engine-driven air conditioner.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a floor surface of the outdoor heat exchanger.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a pad.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sectional plane of an engine room and a piping room.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an electrical component box.
FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of a water inlet of an engine cooling water.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a water inlet;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust heat exchanger.
FIG. 11 is a front view of the lubricating oil supply device for the engine.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the engine.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a cylinder head cover.
FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a lubricating oil supply device for an engine.
FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an outer panel wall of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
FIG. 16 is a front view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
FIG. 17 is a plan view of the outdoor air conditioning unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 outdoor air conditioning unit (outdoor unit)
5 Engine
7 engine room
8 Main accumulator (waste heat recovery unit)
10 Plumbing room
14 outdoor heat exchanger room
24a Lubricating oil tank
24a2 Oil inlet
37a Front panel of outdoor unit
39 partition wall
40b Ventilation air outlet
40c silence box
44 Blower fan for outdoor heat exchange
390 Oil supply passage (oil pipe)

Claims (1)

An engine room that houses the engine at the lower part of the outdoor unit, and an outdoor heat exchanger room that has a blower fan for outdoor heat exchange at the upper part of the outdoor unit are partitioned by partition walls,
The lubricating oil tank containing oil for lubricating said engine, and always upper position the oil oil level height of the oil oil level height of the engine-side and disposed in the outdoor heat exchanger chamber in the lubricating oil tank And the oil inlet of the lubricating oil tank is located forward in the outdoor heat exchanger room ,
An oil supply passage from the lubricating oil tank to the engine is arranged to penetrate the partition wall that separates the engine room and the outdoor heat exchanger room, and an exhaust port for ventilation air is provided in the partition wall. An engine-driven heat pump device , wherein a sound deadening box is formed so as to surround the heat pump device.

Images