JP3655730B2 - Automatic tool changer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically changing a tool of a machine tool, and more specifically, one of a plurality of tools provided in a tool pot, and a tool previously attached to a spindle of a machine tool. The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer in a form that is performed by an arm that moves forward and backward and forwards and backwards by a composite cam mechanism at a tool change part.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This type of apparatus is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-37784. The apparatus includes an arm shaft provided with an arm for holding a tool at both ends, a stroke shaft for tilting a pot of a tool magazine table that supports a plurality of tools, and a pull stud push bar provided in parallel to each other. The stroke shaft and pull stud push rod are configured to perform forward, rotational and reverse operations at a timing suitable for tool change by a composite cam mechanism. At the time of replacement, the pot tool and the spindle tool The tool attached to the spindle is returned to the pot by advancing the pull stud push bar just before advancing the arm, releasing the collet, rotating the arm after advancing, and then retracting the arm. A new tool in the pot is inserted into the spindle.
[0003]
By the way, in the apparatus of the above publication, the pull stud push rod is provided concentrically with the pull stud provided in the spindle, and the rotational drive for machining the spindle is a belt-hanging pulley provided between the spindle shafts. Is due to.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, when the belt is applied to the driving means, the inertia remains in the rotation even when the driving is stopped, and the tool and the arm are rubbed when the tool is changed. Cannot be switched quickly, and the device itself is further enlarged.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic tool changer that solves the above-described problems and that can directly connect a motor output shaft to a spindle and can reliably obtain a draw rod pressing operation by a composite cam mechanism.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The solving means according to the present invention comprises an arm for holding a pair of tools on the arm shaft, the spindle is built in the spindle casing, and the spindle is provided in parallel directly below the arm shaft whose longitudinal direction is the horizontal direction. The composite cam mechanism consists of a roller cam that rotates forward and backward, a groove cam that moves the arm shaft forward and backward with a slide link, and a plate cam that pushes the draw rod that communicates with the pull stud collet built in the spindle. With the mechanism, the draw rod is moved forward and backward to open and close the pull stud collet, and the arm shaft is moved forward and backward and forward and backward to replace the tool in the tool pot of the tool magazine with the spindle tool located at the tool replacement site. In an automatic tool changer, the spindle can be moved between the tool change part and the machining part The composite cam mechanism is provided on the upper part of the arm shaft at the rear part of the tool magazine, the spindle is directly connected to the output shaft of the spindle motor and can be driven to rotate, and the plate rotates coaxially with the composite cam mechanism. An unclamp link that swings by a cam and an unclamp arm that is provided so that the draw rod can be pressed toward the pull stud collet at an axial intermediate portion thereof by moving the spindle to the tool change portion. Arranged so that the lower end of the link and the upper side of the unclamp arm face each other, the unclamp link is built in the cam casing, the upper end is pivotally attached, and a cam roller that contacts the plate cam is provided in the middle, The lower end of the arm is provided with an operating roller. The upper and lower sides of the casing are supported by the middle part in the longitudinal direction so that the upper and lower sides can swing back and forth, the upper side faces the operating roller, and the draw rod can be pressed on the lower side. It is characterized by being.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the embodiment according to the present invention, a spindle that is movable from a machining part to a tool change part is directly connected to an output shaft of a spindle motor while maintaining the same axis line.
[0008]
The spindle is provided in a spindle casing protruding from the spindle motor. An unclamp arm is provided at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the casing, one end thereof protrudes outside the casing, and the other end enters the casing. The left and right ends that are pivotally attached in a state and branch into the casing so as to straddle the spindle and protrude from the draw rod provided in the spindle to the outside of the spindle through a pair of elongated holes. Each of the passive pins and the tip of the unclamp arm are engaged with each other.
[0009]
Therefore, by pressing the tip of the unclamp arm that protrudes out of the spindle toward the spindle casing, the other end of the unclamp arm pushes the passive pin, and the draw rod moves forward to the tip of the spindle. The collet provided is opened.
[0010]
The above-mentioned unclamp arm is pushed down by a unclamp link that is swung by a plate cam provided in a well-known composite cam mechanism. Therefore, when the spindle reaches the tool change part, the unclamp arm And the unclamp link are arranged so as to face each other.
[0011]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, a spindle 1 that holds a tool and rotates and advances it, a tool magazine 2 that stores a plurality of tools, and a tool magazine 2 1 and an arm shaft 4 having an arm 3 for exchanging a tool already attached to the spindle 1. The spindle 1 is provided so as to be movable between a tool exchange part and a machining part. The magazine 2 has a plurality of tool pots 5 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and is rotated by a tool magazine motor 6 and tilts when one tool pot 5 reaches a tool change part. The arm shaft 4 is rotated forward and backward by a composite cam mechanism 8 rotated by a cam motor 7.
[0012]
The spindle 1 and the arm shaft 4 are arranged in parallel with each other in the vertical direction. When the spindle 1 is lifted so as to be close to the arm shaft 4, it reaches the tool change part and descends from the part. As a result, the processed part is reached. The composite cam mechanism 8 is provided at the rear part of the tool magazine 2 and at the upper part of the arm shaft 4, and this arrangement can make the apparatus compact.
[0013]
In the above configuration, the output shaft 10 of the spindle motor 9 is directly connected to the spindle 1 on the same axis. More specifically, the spindle 1 is rotatably incorporated in a spindle casing 11 extending from the housing of the spindle motor 9 and is connected via a coupling 12. Further, the spindle 1 has a cylindrical shape, and a pull stud collet 13 is provided on the inside of the spindle 1 and a draw rod 14 that pushes and releases the collet 13 is built in a rear portion. By pressing, the spring (disc spring) 15 is compressed to open the collet 13, and by releasing the pressing force of the draw rod 14, the collet 13 is closed by returning by the repulsive force of the spring 15. This is the same as the structure of the conventional spindle 1.
[0014]
Further, the spindle 1 is moved from the machining part to the tool changing part in the same manner as in the prior art, and the composite cam mechanism 8 slides the arm gear 4 and the roller gear cam 16 that rotates the arm shaft 4 forward and backward as in the prior art. A groove cam (not shown) that moves forward and backward by the link 17 and a plate cam 18 that pushes the draw rod 14 are configured. Further, the tool magazine 2 is the same as the conventional one, and the description of the structure thereof is omitted.
[0015]
As described above, the spindle motor 9 is directly connected to the spindle 1, and the composite cam mechanism 8 is provided above the arm shaft 4, and how the draw rod 14 is activated is the gist of the present invention. It is.
[0016]
The solution is that a cam casing 19 of the composite cam mechanism 8 has an unclamped link 20 having a boomerang shape bent at the middle part pivotally supported by a support pin 21 at the upper end, and a plate cam 18 at the bent middle part. A cam roller 22 is provided for contact, and although not shown, the cam roller 22 is pressed against the plate cam 18 by a spring provided on the support pin 21, and an operating roller 23 is attached to the lower end portion.
[0017]
On the other hand, an unclamp arm 24 is attached to an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the spindle casing 11 so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction at the intermediate portion. Opposite the trajectory line in which the operating roller 23 of the link 20 swings, the lower projecting piece 26 enters the spindle casing 11 and is bifurcated so as to fit over the spindle 1.
[0018]
Because of the above structure, when the spindle 1 is positioned at the tool change part, the upper protruding piece 25 of the unclamp arm 24 faces the locus of the operating roller 23, so that the composite cam mechanism 8 is activated. The plate cam 18 also rotates, and the unclamp link 20 swings to the right side in the drawing along with the rotation, whereby the unclamp arm 24 is rotated and the projecting piece 26 engaged across the spindle 1 of the unclamp arm 24. Is propelled toward the tip end side of the spindle 1.
[0019]
In order to transmit the above propulsion to the draw rod 14, a long slot 27 is provided in the spindle 1 along the axial direction so as to oppose the bifurcated projecting pieces 26. A passive pin 28 projecting from 27 is projected.
[0020]
Therefore, when the unclamp arm 24 rotates as described above, the draw rod 14 is moved forward against the spring 15 via the passive pin 28 by the lower protrusion 26, and the pull stud collet 13 attached to the tip of the draw stud collet 13 is moved. Open. Thereafter, the unclamp link 20 swings to the left in the drawing as the plate cam 18 rotates, so that the pressing force to the unclamp arm 24 is released. Moves backward and the pull stud collet 13 is closed.
[0021]
The composite cam mechanism 8 is based on known means described in, for example, JP-A-60-213454, JP-A-61-182741, and JP-B-5-37784. Further, the means for moving the spindle casing 11 between the machining part and the tool change part and the means for moving forward and backward are the same as in the prior art, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
According to the automatic tool changer of the present invention, the unclamp link that swings with the plate cam of the composite cam mechanism and the unclamp arm provided on the spindle side are cut off at the machining part of the spindle. Since the unclamp arm is configured to propel the draw rod from the axial intermediate portion of the spindle draw rod, the spindle is connected to the output shaft of the motor. Direct connection is possible, and the direct connection reduces the inertia of the spindle, and the acceleration / deceleration can be switched quickly, so that more accurate machining can be performed. In addition, the apparatus can be made compact by the configuration of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an automatic tool changer according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Spindle 3 Arm 4 Arm shaft 5 Tool pot 8 Compound cam mechanism 9 Spindle motor 10 Output shaft 13 Pull stud collet 14 Draw rod 18 Plate cam 20 Unclamp link 24 Unclamp arm 28 Passive pin

Claims (1)

The arm shaft (4) is provided with an arm (3) for holding a pair of tools, and the spindle (1) is built in the spindle casing (11), and the arm shaft (4) is located directly below the arm shaft (4) with the longitudinal direction as the horizontal direction. A spindle (1) is provided in parallel, and a roller gear cam (16) for rotating the arm shaft (4) forward and backward, a groove cam for moving the arm shaft (4) forward and backward by a slide link (17), and a spindle (1) are built in. The composite cam mechanism (8) is composed of a plate cam (18) that pushes the draw rod (14) communicating with the pull stud collet (13), and the draw rod (14) is moved by the composite cam mechanism (8). The pull stud collet (13) is opened and closed by moving forward and backward, and the arm shaft (4) is moved forward and backward and moved forward and backward to move the tool in the tool pot (5) of the tool magazine to the tool change site. An automatic tool changer for exchanging the tool spindle (1) is located,
The spindle (1) is movably provided between the tool change part and the machining part, and a composite cam mechanism (8) is provided at the upper part of the arm shaft (4) at the rear part of the tool magazine, and the spindle (1) is used for the spindle. An unclamp link (20) that is directly connected to the output shaft (10) of the motor (9) and can be driven to rotate, and is oscillated by a plate cam (18) that rotates coaxially with the composite cam mechanism (8); An unclamp arm (24) provided so that the rod (14) can be pressed toward the pull stud collet (13) at an intermediate portion in the axial direction of the rod (14) is moved by moving the spindle (1) to the tool changing portion. Arranged so that the lower end of the clamp link (20) and the upper side of the unclamp arm (24) face each other,
The unclamp link (20) is built in the cam casing (19), and an upper end of the unclamp link (20) is pivotally attached. A cam roller (22) that contacts the plate cam (18) is provided at an intermediate portion of the unclamp link (20). 23)
The unclamp arm (24) is supported by the middle portion in the longitudinal direction above the spindle casing (11) so that the upper and lower sides of the unclamp arm (24) can swing in the front-rear direction. 23) An automatic tool changer characterized in that the draw rod (14) is provided so as to face the lower side and to which the draw rod (14) can be pressed.

Images