JP3653684B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an excavator used in construction and civil engineering work, and more particularly to a small excavator suitable for use in horizontal underground excavation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Excavators of various forms and scales are used in the fields of construction and civil engineering, but they are not necessarily effective and suitable as small excavators for performing relatively small-scale horizontal excavation. For example, when repairing an existing building, as shown in FIG. 5, it may be necessary to excavate the existing foundation, that is, to excavate the ground below the concrete concrete b provided below the footing a. Such excavation work must be carried out in a narrow space of only a few meters between the adjacent concrete walls b, and therefore a general purpose excavator cannot usually be brought into it. is there. For this reason, such excavation work must be relied on manual work with a scoop, and as shown in the figure, the operator squats down and inserts the scoop into the lower part of the wrinkle concrete b for excavation. It is a fact.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The work efficiency is naturally not good due to the above-mentioned manual work, and in order to improve the efficiency and labor saving of such excavation work, an effective excavator that can perform horizontal excavation particularly in a narrow space is required. It had been.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above circumstances, the excavator of the present invention is mounted on a dolly that can travel, a swivel deck that can be horizontally swiveled on the dolly, an arm that is provided on the swivel deck, and a tip of the arm. And a link mechanism for rotating the auger in the vertical direction and a slide mechanism for sliding the auger in the front-rear direction are interposed between the arm and the auger. The slide mechanism includes a base plate coupled to the arm via the link mechanism, and a slide plate supported on the lower surface side of the base plate so as to be movable in the front-rear direction and having the auger attached to the lower surface side thereof. A guide mechanism for slidably supporting the slide plate in the front-rear direction with respect to the base plate and guiding the slide; and sliding the slide plate with respect to the base plate. And the arm is provided so as to be able to turn in the vertical direction with respect to the turning deck, and the arm is turned together with the auger to a position directly above the carriage. A hydraulic cylinder for retracting is provided .
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The excavator of this embodiment includes an auger 1 for horizontal excavation, as shown in FIG. 1 as an overall schematic configuration, and a swivel deck 3 capable of horizontal swiveling is mounted on a dolly 2 that can travel, The basic configuration is that the auger 1 is mounted on the tip of the arm 4 provided on the swivel deck 3.
[0006]
The carriage 2 can be self-propelled by a traveling mechanism such as the crawler 5 and has a total length of, for example, about 1.5 m, an overall width of about 1.2 m, and an overall height of about 1.6 m. It can also be used in space. The revolving deck 3 can turn the arm 4 in an arbitrary direction by revolving around a vertical axis by a driving source (not shown). The base end of the arm 4 is pivotally supported with respect to the swivel deck 3 so as to be able to swivel in the vertical direction. It is assumed that the vehicle can be turned and retracted to a position directly above the carriage 2 as indicated by a chain line. The excavator is preferably configured to be remotely operated by wire or wirelessly. For example, the main body portion of the excavation loading robot disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-176717 can be suitably used.
[0007]
In this excavator, as shown in FIG. 2, a link mechanism 7 for rotating the auger 1 in the vertical direction with respect to the arm 4 between the auger 1 and the tip of the arm 4 to which the auger 1 is mounted. In addition, a slide mechanism 8 for moving the auger 1 forward and backward with respect to the arm 4 is interposed.
[0008]
First, the slide mechanism 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The slide mechanism 8 includes a base plate 9 connected to the arm 4 via the link mechanism 7 (details will be described later), a slide plate 10 provided on the lower surface side thereof so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, A hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided as a slide drive source for the slide plate 10. Guide mechanisms 12 are provided on both sides of the base plate 9 (only one side is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 but provided symmetrically with respect to the center line). The edge is sandwiched from above and below and is supported in a slidable state. A slide plate 13 and a roller 14 are attached to the inside of the guide mechanism 12 to guide the slide of the slide plate 10 in the front-rear direction and reduce the sliding resistance.
[0009]
A cylinder bracket 15 is attached to the base end portion of the base plate 9, and the base end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected thereto. On the other hand, a notch 9a is formed at the tip of the base plate 9, and the slide plate 10 is exposed on the lower surface side, and the cylinder bracket is exposed at the tip of the exposed slide plate 10. 16 is attached, and the tip of the rod 11a of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected thereto. Therefore, when the rod 11a is extended by operating the hydraulic cylinder 11, the slide plate 10 slides forward with respect to the base plate 9, and when the rod 11a is retracted, the slide plate 10 is drawn into the lower surface side of the base plate 9. It has become.
[0010]
2 and 4, the auger 1 is attached to the lower surface side of the slide plate 10 via an auger bracket 17, and the auger 1 is operated via a gear box 19 by a drive motor 18. Further, the auger 1 is gradually advanced by the slide mechanism 8 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the auger 1 can perform horizontal excavation. Note that the auger 1 in this example is a small-sized auger having a diameter of about 150 mm and a total length of about 500 mm to 700 mm, and the forward stroke during excavation given by the slide mechanism 8 is set to about 350 mm.
[0011]
Next, the link mechanism 7 will be described. The link mechanism 7 supports the slide mechanism 8 and the entire auger 1 attached thereto so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction with respect to the arm 4, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the base end of the base plate 9 is provided. A link bracket 20 attached to the side of the arm 4 is pivotally supported by a shaft 21 so as to be vertically rotatable with respect to a lower portion of the arm 4. A straight link 22 and an arc-shaped link are provided between the upper portion of the arm 4 and the link bracket 20. 23, and the tip of the rod 24a of the hydraulic cylinder 24 (see FIG. 1) is connected to the connecting point between the straight link 22 and the arc-shaped link 23.
[0012]
When digging, the link mechanism 7 extends the rod 24a of the hydraulic cylinder 24 so that the auger 1 is directed forward, and the vertical direction of the auger 1, that is, the digging direction is adjusted by adjusting the stroke of the rod 24a. Fine adjustment is possible in the vertical direction, and the rod 24a of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is greatly retracted as necessary, whereby the slide mechanism 8 and the auger 1 are entirely centered on the shaft 21 as shown by the chain line in FIG. Can be lifted up by turning upward.
[0013]
Since the excavator having the above-described configuration uses a small traveling carriage 2, a small auger 1 so-called mini auger is mounted on the excavator, and the auger 1 is advanced by a slide mechanism 8 to perform horizontal excavation. For example, the present invention can be applied even in a case where a sufficient working space cannot be secured as in the case where horizontal excavation is performed on the lower ground of the foundation of an existing building as shown in FIG. Can mechanize work that relies on human power, and can save labor and improve work efficiency.
[0014]
In particular, the excavator can turn the auger 1 in an arbitrary horizontal direction by the swivel deck 3, and can rotate the auger 1 in the vertical direction by the link mechanism 7. Needless to say, the excavation direction can be finely adjusted in the vertical direction, and the overall length becomes smaller by making the auger 1 and the entire slide mechanism 8 stand at the front part of the excavator by the link mechanism 7. It is easy to carry in and out of the work place, and the arm 4 is pivoted upward to retract the entire link mechanism 7, slide mechanism 8 and auger 1 to the upper part of the excavator. Thus, this is also suitable for use in a narrow work space.
[0015]
The auger 1 is removed by removing the slide mechanism 8 and the auger 1 from the excavator and attaching another appropriate instrument such as an auger for vertical excavation to the tip of the arm 4 via the link mechanism 7. It can also be used as a work other than the horizontal excavation work.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the excavator according to the present invention has a configuration in which an auger is attached to the tip of an arm provided on a dolly that can travel through a link mechanism and a slide mechanism, and the direction of the auger is set up and down by the link mechanism. The horizontal excavation work by the auger can be mechanically performed by adjusting and advancing the auger by the slide mechanism . In particular, as the slide mechanism for advancing the auger, the slide plate is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the base plate, and the slide plate is slid by the hydraulic cylinder while being supported and guided by the guide mechanism. Labor saving and efficiency improvement of horizontal excavation work in the work space can be realized. Further, the entire excavator can be accommodated in a compact manner by rotating the auger upward by the link mechanism and turning the entire arm together with the auger to the position directly above the carriage by the hydraulic cylinder .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall schematic configuration of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a main part of the excavator.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of the excavator.
4 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3; ,
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional excavation work situation for a foundation of an existing building.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Auger 2 Carriage 3 Rotating deck 4 Arm 6 Hydraulic cylinder 7 Link mechanism 8 Slide mechanism 9 Base plate 10 Slide plate 11 Hydraulic cylinder 12 Guide mechanism 22, 23 Link 24 Hydraulic cylinder

Claims (1)

An excavator for performing horizontal underground excavation, which is a dolly that can travel, a revolving deck that is mounted on the dolly so as to be capable of horizontal revolving, an arm provided on the revolving deck, A link mechanism for rotating the auger up and down between the arm and the auger, and a slide mechanism for sliding the auger back and forth. Intervening ,
The slide mechanism includes a base plate coupled to the arm via the link mechanism, a slide plate that is supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction on the lower surface side of the base plate, and the auger is attached to the lower surface side thereof, The slide plate comprises a guide mechanism for supporting the slide plate so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction and guiding the slide, and a hydraulic cylinder for sliding the slide plate with respect to the base plate.
The arm is provided so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction with respect to the swivel deck, and includes a hydraulic cylinder for retreating the arm together with the auger to a position directly above the carriage. excavator characterized by comprising Te.

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