JP3652667B2 - Method for producing polyester resin decorative plywood - Google Patents
Method for producing polyester resin decorative plywood Download PDFInfo
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- JP3652667B2 JP3652667B2 JP2002129456A JP2002129456A JP3652667B2 JP 3652667 B2 JP3652667 B2 JP 3652667B2 JP 2002129456 A JP2002129456 A JP 2002129456A JP 2002129456 A JP2002129456 A JP 2002129456A JP 3652667 B2 JP3652667 B2 JP 3652667B2
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- coating resin
- decorative plywood
- polyester resin
- film
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の製造方法に関し、更に詳しくは多品種少量生産や多量生産に適し、しかもスチレン等の悪臭物質の発生を大幅に低減させたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来からポリエステル樹脂化粧合板は、ベニヤ合板等の基材にパターン紙を貼り付け、その表面に不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を主剤とする塗装樹脂を塗布して硬化処理させることにより製造されている。この場合、一般に不飽和ポリエステルにスチレンなどのビニル化合物を混合したものを硬化させる場合は、加温下で重合開始剤にて硬化処理がなされる。重合開始剤としては過酸化物触媒や適宜硬化促進剤等を使用するが、初期段階に短時間(約1〜3分)加熱してアンダーキュアー状態とさせて以降は常温(25℃)雰囲気下で約1時間前後放置して硬化処理がなされる。かかる硬化処理によって分子間に架橋結合を生じた三次元網状構造の樹脂となることが知られている。
【0003】
かかるポリエステル樹脂化粧合板は、製造工程自体が比較的簡便であって、格別の設備を要することなく容易に製造しうる利点を有している。またパターン紙上への塗装樹脂の厚塗りが容易で仕上がりが優れていること、硬化後塗膜の肉もちが良く柄に深みを与え風合の良い外観が得られること、更に表面の硬さ、耐熱性等もかなり優れていること等から、建材分野、特に壁面・床・天井・ドア・間仕切り等の多品種にわたって使われてきている。かかる用途に対処するには、ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の簡便な多品種少量生産や多量生産に適した製造方法が求められている。
【0004】
一方、不飽和ポリエステルを主剤とする塗装樹脂には、不飽和ポリエステルと共重合するスチレン等のビニル化合物単量体が多量配合されていることから、基材に貼り付けたパターン紙に塗装樹脂を塗布して上記の常温雰囲気下で約1時間前後放置して硬化処理させても、完全に硬化反応しなかったスチレンが微量ながら残留しており、そのためポリエステル樹脂化粧合板を使用した住宅内装材の環境条件によってはかかる微量の残留スチレンの発生は避けられない。最近、コンクリート住宅の普及、省エネ設計の高気密、高断熱型住宅が増えるにつれて、住宅内装材等から種々の有害化学物質が原因とみられる「シックハウス症候群」と言われる皮膚や呼吸器官等の病気が出て来ている。
【0005】
その原因物質の一つとして家具等の住宅内装材に使用されるホルムアルデヒド系樹脂接着剤からの遊離ホルマリンの発生が問題となっているが、上記のスチレン発生も生活環境の悪臭物質の1つとして問題視されている。最近、シックハウス(室内空気汚染)について、経済産業省及び環境省では個別の揮発性有機化合物(VOC)の指針値が提示されており、例えばVOCとしてのスチレンの室内濃度指針値は220μg/m3(0.05ppm)以下とされている。このような指針値を満たすためには、ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板からの単位面積当たりの放散量としては、従来の一般的なmg/m2単位から指針値では新たにμg/m2単位へと違った条件を満たす必要がある。
【0006】
本発明者は、先にスチレン放散量を従来よりも大幅に低減したポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の製造方法を提案(特許第2946464号)しているが、これは通常の有機過酸化物等の硬化剤を配合した常温硬化型の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を使用し、40℃以上の高キュアー状態と常温下での低キュアー状態の二段に分けて硬化させるものである。基材のサイズが厚さ2.5mm,縦幅1830mm,横幅920mmを主体とした製品の例が示されている。しかしこの方法で、特に塗装樹脂に多量の顔料を配合して着色されたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板を製造する場合、色調・サイズ(縦幅2440mm,横幅1220mmなどの大型の合板等)によって前記のVOC規制値のクリアが非常に困難であり、さらに既存の熱処理製造法で解決するには設備費、作業面積の問題にも大きく影響するため、これらの解決も含め更に抜本的な改善の必要があることがわかった。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、VOCとしてのスチレンの室内濃度指針値を満たすスチレン放散量の低減したポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の開発が強く求められてきている。
かかる現状から本発明の課題は、VOCとしてのスチレンの室内濃度指針値を満たすスチレン臭の発生を大幅に低減した特に大型サイズで、また着色されたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の簡便な多品種少量または多量生産に適した製造方法を提供することを目的としたものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記課題を解決するため種々検討した結果、塗装樹脂に特定の光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒を併用して混合し、フイルム上からの光照射によって表面部の樹脂を硬化させる硬化処理条件を工夫することによって、スチレン臭の発生を著しく低減させたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板が得られることを見出し本発明を完成させた。
【0009】
即ち、本発明の請求項1に記載のポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の製造方法は、基材表面にそれより面積の大きいパターン紙を周辺が耳として突出した状態で接着し、該パターン紙に不飽和ポリエステルとビニル化合物を主剤とする塗装樹脂を流し、その上面をフイルムで被覆させた状態でゴムロールで押圧して塗装樹脂を均一に広げながらフイルムと塗装樹脂を密着させて気泡を除去してから硬化処理させるポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の製造方法において、▲1▼上記パターン紙上に塗装樹脂を流す際には少なくともアシルホスフィンオキサイド系光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒を併用すること、▲2▼該塗装樹脂はゴムロールで押圧してパターン紙の基材全表面から耳及びその裏面部の少なくとも一部に廻り込むまで均一に広げること、▲3▼次いでフイルム上から塗装樹脂へ短時間光照射することによって光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒の両作用で塗装樹脂を架橋重合反応で硬化させると共に、光が届かないパターン紙の耳及びその耳裏面部は過酸化物触媒作用で硬化を完了させること、▲4▼次いで被覆フイルムをセパレートし耳をカッティングすることを特徴とするものである。
【0010】
上記本発明の好ましい実施態様として、塗装樹脂には顔料又は染料により着色されたものを使用すると、硬化処理に支障なく着色されたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板が得られるので特に好適である。
また、上記本発明の光重合開始剤としては2,4,6−トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイドを、過酸化物触媒としては過酸化メチルエチルケトンを使用することが、硬化処理時間が短縮され残存スチレンモノマーが大幅に低減される点で特に好ましい。
さらにまた上記本発明の光照射の光源としては、太陽光に近いメタルハライドランプ又はガリウムランプを使用することが光重合開始剤による硬化処理に好適である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
本発明で使用される基材としては、ホルムアルデヒド系樹脂接着剤(初期縮合物を主成分)、または水性ビニルウレタン系接着剤等を材料の接着面等に塗布・含浸し加熱加圧下の硬化処理で接着された木板、ベニア合板、ハードボード、パーチクルボード等の木質系支持材料が一般的に適しており、その他厚紙、石膏ボード、各種セメント板、鋼板なども使用できる。特に好ましい基材は、合板、パーチクルボード、ベニア合板などである。また、かかる基材に接着するパターン紙としては、基材表面層を光学的物理的に遮蔽し、化粧板の装飾機能を果たすものであって、通常は高度に精製されたパルプを原料として、顔料とくに酸化チタンを多量に抄き込み製造されたチタン紙が好ましいが、その他に薄葉紙、塩化ビニルシート等も使用できる。これらは、適宜、印刷用と印刷を施していない無地(単色)も使用できる。
【0012】
ここでパターン紙を基材に接着するには、基材表面よりも面積の大きいパターン紙を用意し、好ましくは周辺が耳として15〜30mm突出した状態で接着させることが重要である。ここで突出した耳は、この後の工程で液状の塗装樹脂を塗布する際に塗装樹脂が基材の側面に流れて基材に浸透し、又着色された未硬化の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂が基材の裏面に廻り込むのを防止させるものである。基材にパターン紙を接着するには、プレス法とラミネート法があるが、前者が一般的である。このプレス法では、尿素樹脂、酢酸ビニルエマルジョンおよび小麦粉などの増量剤を配合した接着剤、又は水性ビニルウレタン系接着剤を基材に塗布し、パターン紙を重ねホットプレスにて接着する。プレス条件としては、温度100〜110℃、圧力3〜5Kg/cm2、時間30〜90秒程度が好ましい。
【0013】
本発明で使用される硬化型の塗装樹脂は、不飽和ポリエステルとこれに共重合可能なスチレン等のビニル化合物を主剤とし、これに少なくとも光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒を併用し、その他に硬化促進剤や着色剤或いは通常の任意の添加剤等を配合した常温硬化型の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂液である。
ここで、不飽和ポリエステルとしては、無水マレイン酸等の不飽和ジカルボン酸とエチレングリコール等のグリコールを加熱し重縮合反応により得られる液状体である。また共重合可能なスチレン等のビニル化合物としては、常温で液状のスチレンモノマーを主体とするものであるが、これにメタクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸メチル、酢酸ビニル、ビニルトルエン等を配合して使用してもよい。これらビニル化合物の不飽和ポリエステルへの配合割合は、通常使用される範囲内であればよく限定されない。
【0014】
本発明では光重合開始剤として、アシルホスフィンオキサイド系光重合開始剤を使用する。ここで一般に光重合開始剤としては、各種用途によって種々のものが知られているが、本発明者は市販品である光重合開始剤としてアシルホスフィンオキサイド、2−エチルアンスラキノン、ベンジル、10−ブチル−2−クロロアクドリン、10−ブチル−2−クロロアクリドン、9,10−フェナンスレンキノン、カンファーキノン、メチルフェニルグリオキシエステル、2,2’−ビス(o−クロロフェニル)−4,5,4’,5’−テトラフェニル−1,2−ビイミダゾール等について、有機過酸化物触媒と併用して試験した結果、アシルホスフィンオキサイドが光照射による硬化が早く優れており、それ以外のものでは硬化処理が十分に達成できないことを見出した。
【0015】
本発明に使用するアシルホスフィンオキサイド系としては、下記の化学式(1)で示されるベンゼン核に複数のアルキル基を付加したアルキルベンゾイルジフェニルホスフィンオキサイドが好ましい。
【化1】
(式中、R1〜R3は炭素数1〜3のアルキル基、nは0〜5の整数である)
【0016】
特に好ましくは2,4,6−トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルホスフィンオキサイドが最も好ましい。その使用量は不飽和ポリエステル樹脂液の塗装樹脂100部に対して、0.5〜2部であり、より好ましくは0.7〜1.5部である。また、本発明のかかる光重合開始剤と併用する過酸化物触媒としては、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂液の硬化剤として知られるベンゾイルパーオキサイド、t−ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、過酸化メチルエチルケトン、過酸化ラウロイル等が挙げられる。これらの内、特に好ましくは過酸化メチルエチルケトンである。
【0017】
また、その他に配合される硬化促進剤としては、ナフテン酸コバルトや、ジメチルアニリン、トリフェニルアミン等の芳香族アミン類を使用することができる。これら過酸化物触媒や促進剤の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂液への配合量については、通常使用される範囲内であればよく限定されないが、光重合開始剤の配合量とほぼ同量が好ましい。その他、必要に応じて黒色(カーボンブラック等)や白色(酸化チタン)その他の顔料や染料等の着色剤やその他の各種添加剤を配合してもよい。
【0018】
なお、特に光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒等の硬化剤を不飽和ポリエステルとスチレンの混合体に混合する時期として、基材に接着したパターン紙に塗装樹脂を流す直前に、もしくは流す時に添加し混合させることが好ましい。この際、パターン紙を接着した基材(例えば厚さ2.5mmまたは4mm×縦幅2440mm×横幅1220mm)をエンドレスコンベヤ上を移動させながら、又は一定時間(例えば10〜30秒)停止させた状態で、基材のパターン紙上の先端位置から300〜500mm付近の中央部に硬化型の液状の塗装樹脂を通常500〜600g程度を円形状に流して乗せ上面をフイルムで被覆する。ここで使用されるフイルムとしては、厚さ25μm前後のビニロン、セロハン(ビスコースフイルム)、テトロン(ポリエステル系合成繊維)等で、ある程度耐熱性に優れたものが好ましい。
【0019】
なお、流した塗装樹脂の上面をフイルムで被覆するには、フイルム面にしわが生じないように予めピンと張った状態に枠付きされたフイルムを重ねて端部を治具で留めることが望ましい。その後で、この重ねたフイルム上からゴムロールで押圧力を作用させることで、基材のパターン紙上の液状の塗装樹脂は基材表面を越えて耳及びその裏面部にまで廻り込むまで均一に広げながらフイルムと塗装樹脂を密着させて気泡を除去することが必要である。
【0020】
本発明では、かかる基材のパターン紙上に塗装樹脂を均一に広げ被覆フイルムと密着させた状態で硬化処理する。ここで硬化処理は、静置状態でフイルム上から塗装樹脂へ1分以内の短期間だけ光照射することによって光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒の両作用により不飽和ポリエステルとスチレン等のビニル化合物との共重合と架橋重合反応を生じさせて硬化させるものである。光照射の光源としては、太陽光に近いメタルハライドランプ又はガリウムランプを使用するが、光照射時間は、10〜60秒、好ましくは15〜30秒間であり、かかる光照射により塗装樹脂温度が50〜60℃程度に昇温させることが望ましい。一方、光が届かないパターン紙の耳及びその耳の裏面部に存在する塗装樹脂は40〜60℃程度に昇温していることから容易に過酸化物触媒の作用で共重合と架橋重合反応で硬化される。
【0021】
ここで、短期間の光照射によって塗装樹脂を架橋重合反応で硬化させることが残留スチレン量の低減効果には重要である。本発明の特に好ましい硬化処理条件としては、塗装された化粧合板をエンドレスコンベアーに多数載置させながら連続的に移送中に、前段の20〜30秒を光照射による約40〜60℃の加熱雰囲気下での高キュアー状態とし、後段の残り時間の区間を光が届かないパターン紙の耳及びその裏面部に存在する塗装樹脂は常温で硬化させることである。これによってスチレン等の悪臭物質の発生を低減させたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板が連続的に量産可能となる。
【0022】
かかる硬化処理されたポリエステル樹脂化粧合板は、過酸化物触媒だけからなる硬化剤を使用した常温雰囲気下の長時間硬化処理で得られたものよりも残留スチレン量が低く、放散量の発生も著しく低減していることが認められる。これは少なくとも前段での光照射によるスチレンとの分子間の架橋結合による硬化反応が短期間に効率的に進んだためと考えられる。また、光が届かないパターン紙の耳及びその裏面部に存在する塗装樹脂は過酸化物触媒の作用で硬化反応が進み、最終工程でこれをカッティングすることが可能となる。
【0023】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の具体的な実施例を挙げて説明する。
実施例1
基材として、表板の厚み0.50mm,心板の厚み1.50mm,裏板の厚み0.50mmのラワン材からなる台板用合板(縦幅2440mm×横幅1220mm)を使用し、その基材表面にそれより面積の大きいパターン紙(黒色顔料で着色した60g/m2のチタン紙)を周辺が耳として基材より約20mm突出した状態で接着してベルトコンベアー上に載置させる。次いで該パターン紙の上に、常温硬化型の塗装樹脂液を600g移し、脱泡をしながらパターン紙含侵分の樹脂と樹脂だけの層と合わせて約0.2mm程度の厚さになるように流した。ここで常温硬化型の塗装樹脂液はスチレン35wt%と促進剤としてナフテン酸コバルト0.18wt%からなる不飽和ポリエステル樹脂(三井化学(株)製商品名;エスター)に黒色顔料のカーボンブラックを5wt%混合して調整した黒色の塗装樹脂100重量部に対して、光重合開始剤として2,4,6−トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイド(BASF社製商品名:LUCIRIN)を1重量部、過酸化物触媒としてMEKパーオキサイド(日本油脂(株)製商品名;パーメック)を1重量部の割合で配合したものである。
【0024】
この塗装樹脂液面上に、厚み2.5μmからなる枠付きビニロンフイルムを重ねて被覆させた状態で該フイルム上からゴムロールで押圧力をかけることで、塗装樹脂はパターン紙の基材表面から耳及びその裏面部の少なくとも一部に廻り込むまで均一に広げることでフイルムと塗装樹脂を密着させて気泡を除去させた。次いで、フイルム上から太陽光に近いガリウムランプによる光照射を20〜30秒間行なうことで約50〜60℃に加熱し、ハイキュアー状態とした化粧合板を、エンドレスコンベアーに移し替えて常温での1〜2分間の移送中に完全に硬化させた後で、被覆フイルムをセパレートし、硬化した耳をカッターナイフで切り取ることによって基材表面のパターン紙上に平滑なポリエステル樹脂層が約0.2mmのポリエステル樹脂層が硬化して一体化された美麗な黒色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板が得られた。
【0025】
得られた黒色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の残存スチレン量とスチレン放散量を下記条件で測定した。
(1)残留スチレン定量
化粧合板表面よりカッターナイフで削り取った塗料片0.3gを25mlのジメチルホルムアミドに入れ、24時間以上、温度25℃の恒温器中に放置した。その後、ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計によりジメチルホルムアミド中のスチレン濃度を測定し、塗膜中のスチレン量を算出する。
(2)スチレン放散量
化粧板を約10×10mm角にカットし、その側面及び裏面をパラフィンで覆った状態で小さな撹拌子と共にバイアル瓶(容積12ml)に入れて密閉する。これを26℃の恒温槽に入れて30分放置した。その後にバイアル瓶を恒温槽から取り出しスターラーで約15分撹拌後、バイアル瓶内の空気をガスタイトシリンジで0.5ml採取しガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計により3回測定する。これらの測定結果より、試料表面の単位面積当たりのスチレンモノマー放散量を求めた。その結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
実施例2
実施例1で使用したと同じ不飽和ポリエステル樹脂(三井化学(株)製商品名;エスター)に酸化チタンを30wt%配合し調整した白色塗装樹脂100重量部に代えた以外は実施例1と同一条件にて硬化処理させた後で、被覆フイルムをセパレートし、硬化した耳をカッターナイフで切り取ることによって基材表面の白色チタンの混入されたパターン紙上に平滑なポリエステル樹脂層が約0.2mm硬化して一体化された美麗な白色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板が得られた。
実施例1と同様にして白色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の残存スチレン量とスチレン放散量を測定した結果を表1に示す。
【0027】
比較例1
上記実施例1における光重合開始剤を配合せず、光照射しないで約60℃の加熱雰囲気下でのハイキュアー状態とし、後段を常温で約1時間放置して硬化させて得られた黒色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板について、(1)残留スチレン定量、(2)スチレン放散量を測定した結果を表1に示す。
【0028】
比較例2
上記実施例2における光重合開始剤を配合せず、光照射しないで約60℃の加熱雰囲気下での高キュアー状態とし、後段を常温で約1時間放置して硬化させて得られた白色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板について、(1)残留スチレン定量、(2)スチレン放散量を同様にして測定した結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
比較例3
市販品である同種の白色ポリエステル樹脂化粧合板(市販品の寸法:厚み2.5mm、縦2440mm,横幅1220mm、用途;家具、ディスプレイ、間仕切り用)について、(1)残留スチレン定量、(2)スチレン放散量を同様にして測定した結果を表1に示す。
【0030】
【表1】
【0031】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によると、特にパターン紙上に塗装樹脂を流す際に少なくともアシルホスフィンオキサイド系光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒を併用し、フイルム上から塗装樹脂へ短時間光照射することによって光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒の両作用で塗装樹脂を架橋重合反応で硬化させると共に、光が届かないパターン紙の耳及びその裏面部は過酸化物触媒作用で硬化を完了させるものであることから、スチレン等の悪臭物質の発生を低減させた着色したポリエステル樹脂化粧合板を容易に製造することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polyester resin decorative plywood, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a polyester resin decorative plywood that is suitable for high-mix low-volume production and mass production, and that significantly reduces the generation of malodorous substances such as styrene. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a polyester resin decorative plywood is manufactured by attaching a pattern paper to a base material such as a veneer plywood, applying a coating resin mainly containing an unsaturated polyester resin to the surface thereof, and curing it. In this case, in general, when a mixture of unsaturated polyester and a vinyl compound such as styrene is cured, curing treatment is performed with a polymerization initiator under heating. As a polymerization initiator, a peroxide catalyst or an appropriate curing accelerator is used, but it is heated at an initial stage for a short time (about 1 to 3 minutes) to be in an under-cured state, and thereafter at room temperature (25 ° C.). Then, it is allowed to stand for about 1 hour to be cured. It is known that a resin having a three-dimensional network structure in which cross-linking is generated between molecules by such curing treatment.
[0003]
Such a polyester resin decorative plywood has an advantage that the manufacturing process itself is relatively simple and can be easily manufactured without requiring special equipment. In addition, it is easy to thickly apply the coating resin on the pattern paper and the finish is excellent, the cured film has a good texture and deepness to the handle, and a good texture can be obtained. Due to its excellent heat resistance, etc., it has been used in a wide variety of building materials, especially wall surfaces, floors, ceilings, doors, and partitions. In order to cope with such applications, there is a demand for a production method suitable for simple, high-mix low-volume production and mass production of polyester resin decorative plywood.
[0004]
On the other hand, since a large amount of vinyl compound monomer such as styrene that copolymerizes with unsaturated polyester is blended in the coating resin mainly composed of unsaturated polyester, the coating resin is applied to the pattern paper affixed to the substrate. Even if it is applied and left for about 1 hour in the above ambient temperature to cure it, a small amount of styrene that did not completely cure remains, so the interior of the house interior material using polyester resin decorative plywood Depending on the environmental conditions, such a small amount of residual styrene is unavoidable. Recently, with the spread of concrete houses, high airtightness with high energy-saving design, and high heat insulation type houses, diseases such as skin and respiratory organs, which are called “sick house syndrome” caused by various harmful chemical substances from house interior materials etc. It ’s coming out.
[0005]
One of the causative substances is the generation of free formalin from formaldehyde resin adhesives used in furniture and other home interior materials, but the above styrene generation is also one of the odorous substances in the living environment. It is regarded as a problem. Recently, the guidelines for individual volatile organic compounds (VOC) have been proposed by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Ministry of the Environment for sick houses (indoor air pollution). For example, the indoor concentration guideline for styrene as VOC is 220 μg / m 3. (0.05 ppm) or less. To meet such a guideline value, the emission amount per unit area of the polyester resin decorative plywood, newly unlike the [mu] g / m 2 unit from a conventional common mg / m 2 units guideline value It is necessary to satisfy the conditions.
[0006]
The present inventor has previously proposed a method for producing a polyester resin decorative plywood in which the amount of styrene diffused is significantly reduced as compared with the prior art (Japanese Patent No. 2946464), which is a normal curing agent such as an organic peroxide. Is cured in two stages, a high cure state of 40 ° C. or higher and a low cure state at room temperature. An example of a product mainly having a base material with a thickness of 2.5 mm, a vertical width of 1830 mm, and a horizontal width of 920 mm is shown. However, when manufacturing a polyester resin decorative plywood that is colored by blending a large amount of pigment in the coating resin with this method, the VOC regulations described above depend on the color tone and size (such as large plywood with a vertical width of 2440 mm and a horizontal width of 1220 mm). It is very difficult to clear the value, and the problem with equipment cost and work area is greatly affected by the existing heat treatment manufacturing method, so it is necessary to make further drastic improvements including these solutions I understood.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, there has been a strong demand for the development of a polyester resin decorative plywood with a reduced amount of styrene satisfying the indoor concentration guideline value of styrene as VOC.
From this situation, the problem of the present invention is that the generation of styrene that satisfies the indoor concentration guideline value of styrene as a VOC is greatly reduced, especially in a large size, and a simple and a wide variety of colored polyester resin decorative plywood. The object is to provide a manufacturing method suitable for production.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor mixed a specific photopolymerization initiator and a peroxide catalyst in a coating resin together, and cured the resin on the surface portion by light irradiation from the film. The present invention was completed by finding that a polyester resin decorative plywood with significantly reduced generation of styrene odor can be obtained by devising the curing treatment conditions.
[0009]
That is, in the method for producing a polyester resin decorative plywood according to claim 1 of the present invention, a pattern paper having a larger area is bonded to the surface of the base material with the periphery protruding as an ear, and the unsaturated polyester is attached to the pattern paper. And a vinyl resin as the main agent, and with the top surface covered with film, press with a rubber roll to spread the coating resin evenly and adhere the film to the coating resin to remove bubbles and cure. In the manufacturing method of the polyester resin decorative plywood to be produced, (1) when flowing the coating resin on the pattern paper, at least an acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator and a peroxide catalyst are used in combination; and (2) the coating resin is Pressing with a rubber roll to spread evenly from the entire surface of the pattern paper base material to at least a part of the ear and the back surface, (3) The coating resin is cured by a cross-linking polymerization reaction by the action of both the photopolymerization initiator and the peroxide catalyst by irradiating the coating resin with light from the film for a short time. Part is characterized by completing the curing by peroxide catalysis, and (4) separating the coated film and cutting the ears.
[0010]
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a coating resin colored with a pigment or a dye because a polyester resin decorative plywood colored without any problem in the curing treatment can be obtained.
Also, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide is used as the photopolymerization initiator of the present invention, and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is used as the peroxide catalyst. Is particularly preferable in that it is greatly reduced.
Furthermore, it is preferable to use a metal halide lamp or a gallium lamp close to sunlight as the light irradiation light source of the present invention for the curing treatment with a photopolymerization initiator.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
As the base material used in the present invention, a formaldehyde resin adhesive (mainly composed of an initial condensate) or a water-based vinyl urethane adhesive is applied and impregnated on the adhesive surface of the material and cured under heat and pressure. Wood-based support materials such as wood board, veneer plywood, hard board, particle board, etc., bonded in general are suitable, and other cardboard, gypsum board, various cement boards, steel plates, etc. can also be used. Particularly preferred substrates are plywood, particle board, veneer plywood and the like. Moreover, as a pattern paper that adheres to such a substrate, the substrate surface layer is optically and physically shielded, and performs the decorative function of a decorative board. Usually, a highly refined pulp is used as a raw material, Titanium paper produced by making a large amount of pigment, particularly titanium oxide, is preferable, but thin paper, vinyl chloride sheet, and the like can also be used. These can be used for printing and plain (single color) not printed.
[0012]
Here, in order to bond the pattern paper to the base material, it is important to prepare a pattern paper having a larger area than the surface of the base material, and preferably to bond the paper in a state where the periphery protrudes 15 to 30 mm as an ear. The protruding ears are formed on the basis of a colored uncured unsaturated polyester resin that flows into the side surface of the substrate and penetrates the substrate when a liquid coating resin is applied in the subsequent process. This prevents it from going around the back of the material. There are a pressing method and a laminating method for bonding the pattern paper to the substrate, but the former is generally used. In this pressing method, an adhesive containing a filler such as urea resin, vinyl acetate emulsion and wheat flour, or an aqueous vinyl urethane adhesive is applied to a substrate, and pattern papers are stacked and bonded by hot pressing. As pressing conditions, a temperature of 100 to 110 ° C., a pressure of 3 to 5 kg / cm 2 , and a time of about 30 to 90 seconds are preferable.
[0013]
The curable coating resin used in the present invention is mainly composed of an unsaturated polyester and a vinyl compound such as styrene copolymerizable therewith, and at least a photopolymerization initiator and a peroxide catalyst in combination. It is a room temperature curing type unsaturated polyester resin liquid blended with a curing accelerator, a colorant, or any usual additive.
Here, the unsaturated polyester is a liquid obtained by heating an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid such as maleic anhydride and a glycol such as ethylene glycol by a polycondensation reaction. In addition, vinyl compounds such as styrene that can be copolymerized are mainly composed of styrene monomers that are liquid at room temperature, and are used by blending them with methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl toluene, and the like. May be. The mixing ratio of these vinyl compounds to the unsaturated polyester is not particularly limited as long as it is within the range usually used.
[0014]
In the present invention, an acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator is used as the photopolymerization initiator. Here, various photopolymerization initiators are generally known depending on various uses, but the present inventors are commercially available photopolymerization initiators such as acylphosphine oxide, 2-ethylanthraquinone, benzyl, 10- Butyl-2-chloroacdrine, 10-butyl-2-chloroacridone, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, camphorquinone, methylphenylglyoxyester, 2,2′-bis (o-chlorophenyl) -4, About 5,4 ′, 5′-tetraphenyl-1,2-biimidazole, etc. , it was tested in combination with an organic peroxide catalyst. As a result, acylphosphine oxide was excellent in curing quickly by light irradiation. It was found that the curing process could not be sufficiently achieved with the product.
[0015]
As the acylphosphine oxide system used in the present invention, alkylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide in which a plurality of alkyl groups are added to a benzene nucleus represented by the following chemical formula (1) is preferable.
[Chemical 1]
(Wherein R 1 to R 3 are alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 5)
[0016]
Particularly preferred is 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide. The usage-amount is 0.5-2 parts with respect to 100 parts of coating resins of unsaturated polyester resin liquid, More preferably, it is 0.7-1.5 parts. Examples of the peroxide catalyst used in combination with the photopolymerization initiator of the present invention include benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, etc., which are known as curing agents for unsaturated polyester resin liquids. Is mentioned. Of these, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is particularly preferable.
[0017]
In addition, as a curing accelerator to be blended, aromatic amines such as cobalt naphthenate, dimethylaniline, and triphenylamine can be used. The blending amount of the peroxide catalyst and the accelerator in the unsaturated polyester resin solution is not particularly limited as long as it is within the normally used range, but is preferably almost the same as the blending amount of the photopolymerization initiator. In addition, black (carbon black, etc.), white (titanium oxide), other colorants such as pigments and dyes, and other various additives may be blended as necessary.
[0018]
In addition, especially when a photopolymerization initiator and a curing agent such as a peroxide catalyst are mixed with a mixture of unsaturated polyester and styrene, just before or when the coating resin is applied to the pattern paper adhered to the substrate. It is preferable to mix them. At this time, the substrate (for example, thickness 2.5 mm or 4 mm × length 2440 mm × width 1220 mm) to which the pattern paper is bonded is stopped while moving on the endless conveyor or for a certain time (for example, 10 to 30 seconds). Then, about 500 to 600 g of a curable liquid coating resin is usually poured in a circular shape in the central portion of the substrate at a position near 300 to 500 mm from the tip position on the pattern paper, and the upper surface is covered with a film. The film used here is preferably a vinylon, cellophane (viscose film), tetron (polyester synthetic fiber) or the like having a thickness of about 25 μm and having a certain degree of heat resistance.
[0019]
In order to cover the upper surface of the flowed coating resin with the film, it is desirable to overlap the film with the frame tensioned in advance so that the film surface is not wrinkled, and fasten the end with a jig. After that, by applying a pressing force with a rubber roll from this layered film, the liquid coating resin on the pattern paper of the base material spreads evenly until it goes over the base material surface to the ear and its back side. It is necessary to remove the bubbles by bringing the film and the coating resin into close contact with each other.
[0020]
In the present invention, the coating resin is uniformly spread on the pattern paper of the base material and is cured in a state of being in close contact with the coating film. Here, the curing treatment is carried out by irradiating light on the coating resin from the film only for a short period of time within 1 minute with the action of the photopolymerization initiator and the peroxide catalyst, and the unsaturated polyester and vinyl compound such as styrene. It is cured by causing a copolymerization reaction and a cross-linking polymerization reaction. As a light source for light irradiation, a metal halide lamp or gallium lamp close to sunlight is used, but the light irradiation time is 10 to 60 seconds, preferably 15 to 30 seconds, and the coating resin temperature is 50 to 50 by such light irradiation. It is desirable to raise the temperature to about 60 ° C. On the other hand, the coating resin present on the ears of the pattern paper where light does not reach and the back surface of the ears are heated to about 40 to 60 ° C., so the copolymerization and cross-linking polymerization reaction can be easily performed by the action of the peroxide catalyst. It is cured with.
[0021]
Here, it is important for the effect of reducing the amount of residual styrene that the coating resin is cured by a crosslinking polymerization reaction by light irradiation for a short time. As a particularly preferable curing treatment condition of the present invention, a heated atmosphere of about 40 to 60 ° C. is irradiated by light irradiation for 20 to 30 seconds in the previous stage while continuously transferring a large number of coated decorative plywood on an endless conveyor. In the high cure state below, the pattern paper ears and the coating resin present on the back surface thereof where the light does not reach in the remaining time section in the subsequent stage are cured at room temperature. As a result, the polyester resin decorative plywood with reduced generation of malodorous substances such as styrene can be continuously mass-produced.
[0022]
Such a cured polyester resin decorative plywood has a lower residual styrene amount than that obtained by a long-time curing treatment in a room temperature atmosphere using a curing agent consisting only of a peroxide catalyst, and the amount of emission is remarkably generated. A reduction is observed. This is presumably because the curing reaction by the cross-linking between molecules with styrene by light irradiation at the preceding stage progressed efficiently in a short time. In addition, the curing reaction of the coating resin present on the pattern paper ears and the back surface thereof where light does not reach proceeds by the action of the peroxide catalyst, and can be cut in the final process.
[0023]
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
Example 1
A base plate plywood (vertical width 2440 mm × horizontal width 1220 mm) made of lauan material having a thickness of 0.50 mm for the front plate, a thickness of 1.50 mm for the core plate and a thickness of 0.50 mm for the back plate is used as the base material. Pattern paper having a larger area (60 g / m 2 titanium paper colored with a black pigment) is adhered and placed on a belt conveyor with the periphery protruding about 20 mm from the base material as an ear. Next, 600 g of room temperature curing type coating resin liquid is transferred onto the pattern paper, and the thickness of the resin is about 0.2 mm when combined with the resin and resin layer containing the pattern paper while defoaming. Washed away. Here, the room temperature curable coating resin solution is 35 wt% of styrene and 0.18 wt% of cobalt naphthenate as an accelerator. % Of black coating resin prepared by mixing 1% by weight of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide (BASF product name: LUCIRIN) as a photopolymerization initiator. MEK peroxide (Nippon Yushi Co., Ltd., trade name: Permec) is blended in a proportion of 1 part by weight as a physical catalyst.
[0024]
By applying a pressing force with a rubber roll on the coated resin liquid surface with a rubber roll over the film with a 2.5 μm-thick vinylon film with a frame overlaid, the coated resin is removed from the substrate surface of the pattern paper. In addition, the film and the coating resin were brought into close contact with each other to spread out at least part of the back surface, thereby removing bubbles. Next, the decorative plywood heated to about 50 to 60 ° C. by irradiating light on the film with a gallium lamp close to sunlight for 20 to 30 seconds and transferred to a high-cure state is transferred to an endless conveyor. Polyester having a smooth polyester resin layer of about 0.2 mm on the patterned paper on the substrate surface by separating the coated film after completely cured during the transfer for ˜2 minutes and cutting the cured ear with a cutter knife A beautiful black polyester resin decorative plywood in which the resin layer was cured and integrated was obtained.
[0025]
The amount of residual styrene and the amount of styrene diffused of the obtained black polyester resin decorative plywood were measured under the following conditions.
(1) Quantitative determination of residual styrene 0.3 g of a paint piece scraped from the surface of the decorative plywood with a cutter knife was placed in 25 ml of dimethylformamide and left in a thermostat at a temperature of 25 ° C. for 24 hours or more. Thereafter, the styrene concentration in dimethylformamide is measured by a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer, and the amount of styrene in the coating film is calculated.
(2) Cut the decorative styrene diffusion board into approximately 10 × 10 mm squares, and cover the side and back with paraffin with a small stir bar in a vial (volume 12 ml) and seal it. This was placed in a constant temperature bath at 26 ° C. and left for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the vial bottle is taken out from the thermostatic bath, stirred for about 15 minutes with a stirrer, 0.5 ml of air in the vial bottle is taken with a gas tight syringe and measured three times with a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. From these measurement results, the amount of styrene monomer emitted per unit area of the sample surface was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
Example 2
Same as Example 1 except that the same unsaturated polyester resin used in Example 1 (trade name; Esther manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) was replaced with 100 parts by weight of white coating resin prepared by blending 30 wt% of titanium oxide. After curing under the conditions, the coated film is separated, and the cured ears are cut off with a cutter knife to cure the smooth polyester resin layer by about 0.2 mm on the patterned paper mixed with white titanium on the substrate surface. Thus, a beautiful white polyester resin decorative plywood integrated was obtained.
The results of measuring the amount of residual styrene and the amount of styrene emitted from the white polyester resin decorative plywood in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
Comparative Example 1
The black polyester obtained by blending the photopolymerization initiator in Example 1 above, making it into a high cure state in a heated atmosphere at about 60 ° C. without light irradiation, and allowing the subsequent stage to stand at room temperature for about 1 hour to cure. Table 1 shows the measurement results of (1) residual styrene quantification and (2) styrene emission amount for the resin decorative plywood.
[0028]
Comparative Example 2
The white polyester obtained by blending the photopolymerization initiator in Example 2 above, setting it to a highly cured state in a heated atmosphere of about 60 ° C. without light irradiation, and allowing the subsequent stage to stand at room temperature for about 1 hour to cure. Table 1 shows the results obtained by measuring (1) the amount of residual styrene and (2) the amount of styrene emitted from the resin decorative plywood.
[0029]
Comparative Example 3
About the same type of white polyester resin decorative plywood (commercially available product dimensions: thickness 2.5mm, length 2440mm, width 1220mm, use; furniture, display, partition) for commercial products (1) Residual styrene determination, (2) Styrene Table 1 shows the results of measuring the emission amount in the same manner.
[0030]
[Table 1]
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, at least when the coating resin is made to flow on the pattern paper, at least the acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator and the peroxide catalyst are used in combination, and the coating resin is irradiated with light for a short time from the film. The coating resin is cured by a cross-linking polymerization reaction by the action of both a photopolymerization initiator and a peroxide catalyst, and the pattern paper ears and the back side thereof that do not reach light are cured by a peroxide catalyst. Therefore, a colored polyester resin decorative plywood with reduced generation of malodorous substances such as styrene can be easily produced.
Claims (4)
▲1▼上記パターン紙上に塗装樹脂を流す際に少なくともアシルホスフィンオキサイド系光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒を併用すること、▲2▼該塗装樹脂はパターン紙の基材全表面から耳及びその裏面部の少なくとも一部に廻り込むまで均一に広げること、▲3▼次いでフイルム上から塗装樹脂へ短時間光照射することによって光重合開始剤と過酸化物触媒の両作用で塗装樹脂を架橋重合反応で硬化させると共に、光が届かないパターン紙の耳及びその裏面部は過酸化物触媒作用で硬化を完了させること、▲4▼次いで被覆フイルムをセパレートし耳をカッティングすることを特徴とするポリエステル樹脂化粧合板の製造方法。A pattern paper with a larger area is adhered to the substrate surface with the periphery protruding as an ear, and a coating resin containing unsaturated polyester and vinyl compound as the main agent is poured over the pattern paper, and the upper surface is covered with a film. In the manufacturing method of polyester resin decorative plywood, the coating resin is spread evenly with a rubber roll, and the film and the coating resin are adhered to each other to remove bubbles and then cure.
(1) When flowing the coating resin on the patterned paper, at least an acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator and a peroxide catalyst are used in combination; (2) Uniformly spread until at least part of the back side, and (3) cross-link polymerization of the coating resin by the action of both photopolymerization initiator and peroxide catalyst by irradiating the coating resin from the film for a short time. Polyester characterized by being cured by reaction, and the pattern paper ears and the back side thereof not reaching light are cured by peroxide catalysis, and (4) then separating the coated film and cutting the ears Manufacturing method of resin decorative plywood.
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JP2002129456A JP3652667B2 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2002-05-01 | Method for producing polyester resin decorative plywood |
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JP2002129456A JP3652667B2 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2002-05-01 | Method for producing polyester resin decorative plywood |
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