JP3651650B2 - Fiber structure - Google Patents

Fiber structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3651650B2
JP3651650B2 JP11888598A JP11888598A JP3651650B2 JP 3651650 B2 JP3651650 B2 JP 3651650B2 JP 11888598 A JP11888598 A JP 11888598A JP 11888598 A JP11888598 A JP 11888598A JP 3651650 B2 JP3651650 B2 JP 3651650B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fiber
fibers
inch
needle
denier
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JP11888598A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11315456A (en
Inventor
伸一郎 稲富
久雄 西中
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は敷布団やシートに用いられ、繰り返し使用してもへたりの少ない柔らかい風合いを持った繊維構造体に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、敷布団やシートに用いられている硬綿は母材となる繊維の他に熱接着性の繊維として低融点の熱可塑性樹脂の繊維あるいは芯部に高融点の熱可塑性樹脂、鞘部に低融点を持つ芯/鞘構造の繊維を含有させ、熱接着により形成されている。
しかし、これらの硬綿は繰り返し使用することによりこの接着点が外れ、当初の嵩より低くなってしまう、へたりの問題があった。
また、熱によりセットすることで、該構造体が硬くなるので、改善が求められている。その改善法として、例えば敷布団では巻き綿などにより軟らかい風合いを出す試みがあるが、この方法では上記へたりの問題は解決されていない。
このへたりを解決する方法として、硬綿構造体の密度を下げる方法があるが、この方法では風合いが若干改善はされるものの十分でない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、敷布団やシートに用いられる構造体において、繰返し使用に伴う嵩のへたりが少なく、風合いが柔らかい繊維構造体を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前記の課題を解決するために、次の構成を有する。すなわちカードにより解繊されたウエッブにニードルパンチ法で機械交絡を与え、それを複数枚重ね合わせ、さらにニードルパンチ法による機械交絡により厚みを30mm以上、密度を0.01〜0.15g/cm3とした繊維構造体であり、かつ該繊維構造体中に繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数(μs0)が0.25以下である繊維を少なくとも10重量%以上含有することを特徴とする繊維構造体である。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の繊維構造体について詳細に説明する。
本発明の繊維構造体に適用される繊維は、天然繊維、無機繊維、再生繊維または合成繊維のいづれでもよいが、好ましくはポリエステル繊維、ポリオレフィン系繊維などの合成繊維を主体とにした繊維である。
さらに本発明に用いられる繊維としては、酸化チタンや抗菌剤、抗カビ剤などを練り込んだ繊維あるいは後加工により各種機能を付与した繊維も使用することもできる。
【0006】
本発明の繊維構造体を構成する繊維は、適度な嵩高性と軟らかい風合いを出すために繊度1.5〜100デニール、好ましくは5〜20デニール、繊維長は10〜100mm、好ましくは50〜80mmのポリエステル短繊維が好適である。繊度が1.5デニール未満では嵩が出にくく、使用時の床付き感等の問題が発生しやすく、100デニール以上では風合いが硬くなる。また繊維長が10mmより短いと繊維間の交絡性が悪くて、構造体とし難く、100mmより長いと開繊性や製綿性が悪くなる傾向がある。
【0007】
繊維構造体を構成する繊維は、嵩高性、風合い、圧縮に対する反発性あるいは製綿性をよくするために、機械捲縮を与えることが好ましく、製糸時に非対称冷却処理を施し、3次元捲縮化したものがより好ましい。捲縮数は5〜30個/インチ、好ましくは10〜20個/インチ、捲縮度は5〜40%、好ましくは10〜35%であることがより好ましい。捲縮数が5個/インチ以下、捲縮度が5%未満では開繊加工時に均一な開繊が行われず開繊ウエッブに斑が生じる。捲縮数が30個/インチ越え、捲縮度が40%を超えるとカード開繊後の製品の風合いが悪くなってしまう。
【0008】
繊維構造体を構成する繊維は、断面が中実のほかに保温性を持たせるために中空繊維を用いたり、触感を変えるために異形断面を用いてもよい。
【0009】
繊維構造体の製造法としては、上記繊維を用いてまず解繊機(カード)により繊維をウエッブとし、このウエッブをそのまま目的の目付になるように複数枚重ね合わせるか、又はこのウエッブにまず機械交絡を与えてから目的の目付になるように複数枚量ね合わせ、さらに機械交絡を与えて、繊維構造体を得る。
機械交絡を与えたウエッブを重ね合わせて、さらに機械交絡する方法が作業性が良い点で好ましい。
【0010】
ここで、機械交絡を与える方法としては、ニードルパンチ法が挙げられ、10cm以上のニードルによるニードルパンチ法が好ましい。
【0011】
構造体の厚みは用途により適宜選定されるが、10mm以上、好ましくは30mm以上である。10mm未満では構造体として敷布団やシートに用いる場合、床付き感があり好ましくない。また密度は0.01〜0.15g/cm3、好ましくは0.03〜0.07g/cm3である。0.01g/cm3未満では反発性が弱く、使用時の床付き感が問題となり、0.15g/cm3を超えると構造体が硬く、また交絡させることが困難であり、針折れなどの問題も発生する。
【0012】
本発明における構造体を構成する繊維のうち、繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数(μs0)が0.25以下、好ましくは0.22以下、さらに好ましくは0.18以下である繊維を10重量%以上、好ましくは30重量%以上含有させる。繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数(μs0)が0.25を越えると、圧縮後のへたり回復時に余分な力が必要となり、繰り返し圧縮するとへたり回復性が悪くなる。また該繊維の含有量を10重量%未満とすると該繊維の効果が低く、繰り返し圧縮残留ひずみ率が高くなり、触感も悪くなる。
【0013】
【作用】
低融点繊維の熱セットによる熱接着でなく、機械交絡により構造体を作成することに加え、本発明の構造体を構成する繊維として10%以上の繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数(μs0)が0.25以下の繊維を使用することにより、繰り返し使用によるへたりを少なくすることができる。
【0014】
これは、繰り返し圧縮しても物理的に外れる接着点がないことに加え、繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数が低いため、圧縮後の無荷重下で嵩が戻るために必要な力を少なくすることができるためと考えられる。
さらに繊維と繊維がルーズであることと、繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数が低いために、軟らかく、いままでにない新規な風合いが発現される。
【0015】
【実施例】
次に本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。本発明に記載した諸特性の測定法は次の通りである。
[繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数]
JIS L−1074−1977・−12の方法に準じて測定した。
[繰り返し圧縮残留ひずみ]
JIS K 6401の方法に準じて測定した。
[表面硬度]
高分子計器株式会社製アスカーゴム硬度計のF型硬度計を用いて測定した。
【0016】
実施例1
6デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度23%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維に市販のジメチルポリシロキサンを主成分とするシリコーン樹脂液を噴霧器で均一に付着させ、熱処理により固着させた繊維を50%、15デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度29%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維を50%混綿し、目付け400g/m2のカードウエッブを作成し、ペネ数80本にてニードルパンチによりプレニーパン(プレニードルパンチ)を行った。このウエッブをさらに5枚重ねて3.5インチの
ニードルによりペネ数80本にてニードルパンチを行い、交絡させ厚み55mmの構造体を得た。なお、前記のシリコーン樹脂を付与したポリエステル繊維の摩擦係数μs0は0.18であり、また前記の15デニールのポリエステル繊維の摩擦係数μs0は0.28であった。
【0017】
実施例2
6デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度23%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維に市販のジメチルポリシロキサンを主成分とするシリコーン樹脂液を噴霧器で均一に付着させ、熱処理により固着させた繊維を30%、15デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度29%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維を70%混綿し、目付け500g/m2のカードウエッブを作成し、ペネ数80本にてニードルパンチによりプレニーパンを行った。このウエッブを2枚重ねて3.5インチのニードル、ペネ数80本にてニードルパンチを行った。このウエッブに上記ウエッブを1枚重ね同様に3.5インチのニードル、ペネ数80本にてニードルパンチを行った。さらにもう1枚重ねて3.5インチのニードル、ペネ数80本にてニードルパンチを行い、交絡させ厚み45mmの構造体を得た。なお、前記のシリコーン樹脂を付与したポリエステル繊維の摩擦係数μm0は0.18であり、また、前記の15デニールのポリエステル繊維の摩擦係数μm0は0.28であった。
【0018】
比較例1
6デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度23%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維を50%、15デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度29%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維を50%混綿し、目付け400g/m2のカードウエッブを作成し、ペネ数80本にてニードルパンチによりプレニーパンを行った。このウエッブをさらに4枚重ねて3.5インチのニードルによりペネ数80本にてニードルパンチを行い、交絡させ厚み45mmの構造体を得た。前記のポリエステル繊維の摩擦係数μs0はそれぞれ0.28と0.32であった。
【0019】
比較例2
15デニール、カット長76mm、捲縮数10個/インチ、捲縮度29%、中空率35%のポリエステル繊維を70%と4デニール、カット長51mm、鞘部が130℃で溶融する芯/鞘繊維(芯/鞘比=50/50)を30%均一に混合し、クロスレイヤーにて2000g/m2のウエッブを作成した。さらに160℃で5分間の熱セットを行い、厚み20mmの硬綿構造体を得た。比較例で用いた前記の繊維の摩擦係数us0はそれぞれ0.28と0.34であった。
表1に構造体の物性を示す。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 0003651650
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明による繊維構造体を用いることにより、繰り返し使用してもへたりが少なく、また風合いの軟らかい敷布団やシートを提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fiber structure that is used for a mattress or sheet and has a soft texture with little sag even after repeated use.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, hard cotton used for mattresses and sheets has a low melting point thermoplastic resin in the core or a low melting point thermoplastic resin as a heat-adhesive fiber in addition to the base fiber, and a low in the sheath part. A fiber having a core / sheath structure having a melting point is contained and formed by thermal bonding.
However, when these hard cottons are used repeatedly, there is a problem of sag, in which the adhesion point is lost and the bulk becomes lower than the original bulk.
Moreover, since this structure becomes hard by setting with heat, the improvement is calculated | required. As an improvement method, for example, there is an attempt to give a soft texture with a cotton mat in a mattress, but this method does not solve the problem of the above-mentioned slack.
As a method of solving this sag, there is a method of reducing the density of the hard cotton structure, but this method is not sufficient although the texture is slightly improved.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber structure having a soft texture with less bulkiness due to repeated use in a structure used for a mattress or sheet.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. In other words, the web defibrated by the card is mechanically entangled by the needle punch method, a plurality of the sheets are overlapped , and further, the thickness is 30 mm or more and the density is 0.01 to 0.15 g / cm 3 by mechanical entanglement by the needle punch method. And a fiber structure containing at least 10% by weight or more of fibers having a fiber / fiber static coefficient of friction (μs0) of 0.25 or less in the fiber structure. .
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fiber structure of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The fiber applied to the fiber structure of the present invention may be any of natural fiber, inorganic fiber, regenerated fiber or synthetic fiber, but is preferably a fiber mainly composed of synthetic fiber such as polyester fiber or polyolefin fiber. .
Furthermore, as the fiber used in the present invention, a fiber kneaded with titanium oxide, an antibacterial agent, an antifungal agent or the like, or a fiber provided with various functions by post-processing can also be used.
[0006]
The fibers constituting the fiber structure of the present invention have a fineness of 1.5 to 100 deniers, preferably 5 to 20 deniers, and a fiber length of 10 to 100 mm, preferably 50 to 80 mm, in order to produce moderate bulkiness and a soft texture. Polyester short fibers are preferred. When the fineness is less than 1.5 denier, it is difficult to be bulky, and problems such as a feeling of flooring at the time of use tend to occur, and when it is 100 denier or more, the texture becomes hard. Further, when the fiber length is shorter than 10 mm, the entanglement between the fibers is poor, and it is difficult to obtain a structure, and when the fiber length is longer than 100 mm, the opening property and the cotton-making property tend to be deteriorated.
[0007]
The fibers constituting the fiber structure are preferably subjected to mechanical crimping in order to improve bulkiness, texture, resilience to compression, or cotton-making properties, and subjected to asymmetric cooling during yarn production to form a three-dimensional crimp. Is more preferable. The number of crimps is 5 to 30 pieces / inch, preferably 10 to 20 pieces / inch, and the degree of crimp is 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 35%. If the number of crimps is 5 pieces / inch or less and the crimping degree is less than 5%, uniform opening is not performed at the time of opening processing, and spots are generated on the opening web. If the number of crimps exceeds 30 pieces / inch and the degree of crimp exceeds 40%, the texture of the product after card opening becomes worse.
[0008]
The fiber constituting the fiber structure may use a hollow fiber in order to provide heat retention in addition to a solid cross section, or a modified cross section to change the tactile sensation.
[0009]
As a manufacturing method of the fiber structure, first, using the above fibers, a fiber is made into a web by a defibrating machine (card), and a plurality of the webs are superposed so as to have a desired basis weight, or mechanical entanglement is first carried out on this web. After giving, a plurality of sheets are put together so as to achieve the desired basis weight, and further mechanical entanglement is given to obtain a fiber structure.
A method in which the webs subjected to mechanical entanglement are overlapped and further mechanical entangled is preferable in terms of good workability.
[0010]
Here, as a method of giving mechanical entanglement, a needle punch method is exemplified, and a needle punch method using a needle of 10 cm or more is preferable.
[0011]
The thickness of the structure is appropriately selected depending on the application, but is 10 mm or more, preferably 30 mm or more. If it is less than 10 mm, when it is used as a mattress or sheet as a structure, there is a feeling of having a floor, which is not preferable. The density is 0.01 to 0.15 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.03 to 0.07 g / cm 3 . If it is less than 0.01 g / cm 3 , the resilience is weak and the feeling of flooring at the time of use becomes a problem. If it exceeds 0.15 g / cm 3 , the structure is hard and difficult to entangle, Problems also arise.
[0012]
Of the fibers constituting the structure in the present invention, the fiber / fiber static coefficient of friction (μs0) is 0.25 or less, preferably 0.22 or less, more preferably 0.18 or less, and 10% by weight or more of fibers. Preferably, 30% by weight or more is contained. If the coefficient of static friction between fibers / fibers (μs0) exceeds 0.25, an extra force is required for recovery after sag after compression, and the sagability is deteriorated after repeated compression. On the other hand, when the content of the fiber is less than 10% by weight, the effect of the fiber is low, the repeated compressive residual strain rate is increased, and the tactile feeling is also deteriorated.
[0013]
[Action]
In addition to creating a structure by mechanical entanglement instead of thermal bonding by heat setting of low-melting fibers, the fiber / fiber static friction coefficient (μs0) of 10% or more is 0.1 as the fibers constituting the structure of the present invention. By using fibers of 25 or less, it is possible to reduce sag due to repeated use.
[0014]
In addition to the fact that there is no adhesion point that physically deviates even after repeated compression, the fiber / fiber static coefficient of friction is low, which may reduce the force required to return the bulk under no load after compression. This is thought to be possible.
Furthermore, since the fibers are loose and the coefficient of static friction between the fibers / fibers is low, a soft and unprecedented new texture is exhibited.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The measuring method of various characteristics described in the present invention is as follows.
[Fiber / fiber static friction coefficient]
It measured according to the method of JIS L-1074-1977.-12.
[Repetitive compression residual strain]
It measured according to the method of JISK6401.
[surface hardness]
It measured using the F-type hardness meter of the Asker rubber hardness meter by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.
[0016]
Example 1
A silicone resin liquid mainly composed of commercially available dimethylpolysiloxane was uniformly attached to a polyester fiber having 6 denier, a cut length of 76 mm, a crimp number of 10 pieces / inch, a crimping degree of 23%, and a hollowness of 35% with a sprayer, 50% of fibers fixed by heat treatment, 15 denier, cut length of 76 mm, number of crimps of 10 pieces / inch, degree of crimp of 29%, hollow ratio of 35% are mixed with 50%, and the basis weight is 400 g / m 2 . A card web was prepared, and pre-needle punching (pre-needle punching) was performed by needle punching with 80 penets. Five more webs were stacked and needle punched with a penetrating number of 80 with a 3.5 inch needle and entangled to obtain a structure having a thickness of 55 mm. The friction coefficient μs0 of the polyester fiber to which the silicone resin was applied was 0.18, and the friction coefficient μs0 of the 15-denier polyester fiber was 0.28.
[0017]
Example 2
A silicone resin liquid mainly composed of commercially available dimethylpolysiloxane was uniformly attached to a polyester fiber having 6 denier, a cut length of 76 mm, a crimp number of 10 pieces / inch, a crimping degree of 23%, and a hollowness of 35% with a sprayer, 30% of fiber fixed by heat treatment, 15 denier, cut length 76mm, crimp number 10 / inch, crimp degree 29%, hollow ratio 35% polyester fiber 70% blended cotton, basis weight 500g / m 2 A card web was prepared, and penny panning was performed by needle punching with 80 penets. Two webs were stacked and needle punched with a 3.5 inch needle and 80 penets. One web was overlaid on this web, and needle punching was performed with a 3.5 inch needle and 80 penets. Further, another sheet was piled up, needle punched with a 3.5 inch needle and 80 penets, and entangled to obtain a 45 mm thick structure. The friction coefficient μm0 of the polyester fiber to which the silicone resin was applied was 0.18, and the friction coefficient μm0 of the 15-denier polyester fiber was 0.28.
[0018]
Comparative Example 1
6 denier, cut length 76mm, crimp number 10 / inch, crimp 23%, hollow fiber 35% polyester fiber 50%, 15 denier, cut length 76mm, crimp 10 / inch, crimp A card web having a basis weight of 400 g / m 2 was prepared by blending 29% polyester fiber having a hollow ratio of 35% and 50%, and penny panning was performed by needle punching with 80 penets. Four more webs were stacked and needle punched with a penetrating number of 80 with a 3.5 inch needle and entangled to obtain a structure having a thickness of 45 mm. The coefficient of friction μs0 of the polyester fibers was 0.28 and 0.32, respectively.
[0019]
Comparative Example 2
15 denier, cut length 76mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, crimped 29%, hollow rate 35% polyester fiber 70% and 4 denier, cut length 51mm, sheath / core melted at 130 ° C Fibers (core / sheath ratio = 50/50) were mixed uniformly at 30%, and a web of 2000 g / m 2 was prepared with a cross layer. Further, heat setting was performed at 160 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a hard cotton structure having a thickness of 20 mm. The friction coefficients us0 of the fibers used in the comparative examples were 0.28 and 0.34, respectively.
Table 1 shows the physical properties of the structure.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003651650
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
By using the fiber structure according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a mattress or sheet having little softness even after repeated use and having a soft texture.

Claims (1)

カードにより解繊されたウエッブにニードルパンチ法で機械交絡を与え、それを複数枚重ね合わせて、さらにニードルパンチ法による機械交絡により厚みを30mm以上、密度を0.01〜0.15g/cm3とした繊維構造体であり、かつ該繊維構造体中に繊維/繊維間静摩擦係数(μs0)が0.25以下である繊維を少なくとも10重量%以上含有することを特徴とする繊維構造体。The web defibrated by the card is mechanically entangled by the needle punch method, and a plurality of sheets are overlapped , and further, the thickness is 30 mm or more and the density is 0.01 to 0.15 g / cm 3 by mechanical entanglement by the needle punch method. A fiber structure comprising at least 10% by weight or more of a fiber having a fiber / fiber static coefficient of friction (μs0) of 0.25 or less.
JP11888598A 1998-04-28 1998-04-28 Fiber structure Expired - Lifetime JP3651650B2 (en)

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JP3651650B2 true JP3651650B2 (en) 2005-05-25

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6713873B2 (en) * 2016-08-10 2020-06-24 株式会社高木化学研究所 Lightweight web for automobile interiors, needle-punched nonwoven fabric using the same, manufacturing method thereof, and automobile interior parts using the same
JP6449929B2 (en) * 2017-03-09 2019-01-09 南京優尼可国際貿易有限公司 Method for producing sheet-like fiber bundle assembly, method for producing laminated sheet, and laminated sheet

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