JP3648075B2 - Lorry - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention allows a body for mounting various cargoes such as a transported vehicle to be lifted to the lift frame from a state of being horizontally placed on the ground while a driver is on a lorry equipped with a tiltable lift frame. In addition, the present invention relates to a truck that can be lowered from the lift frame to the ground and separated.
[0002]
[Prior art]
To facilitate the loading and unloading of various types of cargo such as transported vehicles, the body on which the cargo is to be loaded is placed horizontally at the same height as the ground, and after loading the cargo in this state, the body is pulled up. There are known freight vehicles (see JP-A-3-279038, JP-A-4-166435, JP-A-4-218440, etc.).
[0003]
On the other hand, it is also known as a freight vehicle in which a container used for transporting garbage can be detachably mounted (see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Nos. 48-83510, 60-215439, 10-129333, etc.). ).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a vehicle equipped with a conventional body, the lift frame and the body that can be tilted on the vehicle body have a permanent connection structure that cannot be separated, so cargo loading work is not required until the vehicle arrives at the site where the cargo is located. Therefore, there was a problem that cargo transportation efficiency was not good.
[0005]
In addition, in a vehicle equipped with a conventional container, the vehicle body and the container can be attached and detached. However, there is a trouble that the driver has to get off the vehicle and perform the attachment and removal work one by one, or the driver's seat. It is necessary to provide a complicated and expensive attachment / detachment device that can be operated from
An object of the present invention is to provide a lorry with a simple configuration in which a driver can perform the loading and unloading of the body and the coupling / separating operation while riding the vehicle.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a truck according to the present invention includes a lift frame that is tiltably disposed on a body frame, an engagement member that is reciprocally movable along the lift frame, and the engagement member. A body that has an engaged member that is detachably engageable with the joint member, is pulled by the engaging member and can ride on the lift frame; and the engaging member is attached to the engaging member; A locking member capable of locking the engagement state with the engaged member, and the engagement member when the engagement member moves to the lower end of the lift frame with the lift frame tilted. The lock member is displaced relative to the combined member to move the lock member to the non-lock position, and is separated from the rear end of the lift frame to return to the original position and return the lock member to the lock position. Tsu and a click member actuating means.
[0007]
With the above configuration, the driver can move the engagement member to the rearmost end with the lift frame tilted to open the lock member, and the engagement means is placed horizontally on the ground in this state. When the vehicle is moved backward to approach the engaged member, the engaging member is engaged with the engaged member. In this state, the lift frame is somewhat returned to the horizontal direction, and the engaging member is moved to the front end of the lift frame, whereby the body is completely pulled up on the lift frame in a state where the lock member is locked.
[0008]
When lowering the body to the ground, the opposite operation is performed. When the body is horizontally placed on the ground and the locking member operating means reaches the rear end of the lift frame, the locking member automatically moves to the unlocked position. . When the vehicle is advanced in this state, the engaging member is separated from the engaged member of the body.
As described above, according to the present invention, the loading and unloading of the body and the coupling / separating operation while the driver is on the vehicle can be performed, and the transportation efficiency can be greatly improved. Moreover, since the lock member actuating means actuates the lock member by reaching the rear end of the lift frame, it is structurally very simple and low in cost compared to a conventional detachable device operated from the driver's seat of a truck. It is feasible.
[0009]
Further, the present invention may be configured as follows in order to prevent the locking member from unexpectedly moving to the unlocked position during traveling. That is, a fixed hook member that constitutes the engaging member, a movable hook member that constitutes the lock member and can be opened and closed with respect to the fixed hook member, a ground plate that constitutes the lock member actuating means, and the ground plate A rod-shaped body fixed to one end and reciprocally movable in the longitudinal direction; a link member that pin-couples the movable hook member and the other end of the rod-shaped body and opens and closes the movable hook member by the reciprocating motion of the rod-shaped body; An opening operation lock portion that is formed integrally with the body and engages with a part of the movable hook member in the closed state to lock the opening operation of the movable hook member, and is provided at at least one pin coupling portion of the link member The link function is not provided so that the movable hook member is not opened until the opening lock part is engaged with and released from the movable hook member when the rod-like body starts to move forward. It is possible and a long hole that.
[0010]
As described above, by providing the opening lock mechanism for the movable hook member, there is no fear that the engaged member of the body is unexpectedly detached from the fixed hook member on the lift frame side due to the vibration of the body being transported.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1F, a lorry 1 according to the present invention has a lift frame 2 that can tilt on a body frame 3. The lift frame 2 has its front end moved up and down by a conventionally known lifting device. The lifting device includes, for example, a hydraulic lift cylinder 4 pivotally supported by the vehicle body frame 3 and the lift cylinder. The swing arm 5 is also pivotally supported by the vehicle body frame 3 on the rear side of 4 and is pivotally coupled to the tip of the piston rod of the lift cylinder 4 and pinned to the lift frame 2. It consists of.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of left and right guide rollers 6 are disposed at the rearmost end of the vehicle body frame 3, and the lower surface of the rear end side of the lift frame 2 is supported by the guide rollers 6. A jack arm 16 that can be swung by a hydraulic cylinder 15 is attached to the vehicle body frame 3 near the lower side of the guide roller 6, and the hydraulic cylinder 15 is extended during loading and unloading work, so that a ground roller 17 at the lower end of the jack arm 16 is extended. Is grounded to the ground G, so that a significant sinking of the rear end portion of the vehicle body frame 3 is prevented. Further, a support frame 18 extends from a position adjacent to the jack arm 16 to the rear side. The support frame 18 has a protrusion preventing member 18A at the tip and can swing in the vertical direction around the pin 19 on the base end side. It is said that. The support frame 18 is always urged upward by a coil spring (not shown) wound around the pin 19, and the stopper portion 39 is always in contact with the stopper bolt 43 on the body frame 3 side in a horizontal state. Although it is stationary, when the lift frame 2 is tilted, the pressed plate 42 at the tip of the support frame 18 is pushed by the lower surface of the lift frame 2 and swings downward. A locked portion 40 is formed at the base end portion of the support frame 18, and the lock portion 41 of the jack arm 16 stored in the solid line position in FIG. The downward and upward swinging of the 18 is prevented, so that sufficient strength is maintained against the intrusion preventing member 18A.
[0013]
As shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lift frame 2 has two parallel rail portions 8 in which steel plates having a U-shaped cross section face each other and are interconnected by a plurality of connecting members 7. Sprockets 9 and 10 are arranged in the gap between the rail portions 8 at both the front and rear end portions. An endless chain 11 stretched between the sprockets 9 and 10 is driven by a slide motor 9 A that drives the front sprocket 9. Overhanging members 13 having a triangular cross section are fixed over a predetermined length on both the left and right outer sides of the rear side of the lift frame 2 so as to form a downward guide surface 12 supported by the guide roller 6 described above. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A and 3B, a grounding roller 14 that also supports a body 47, which will be described later, protrudes horizontally in the left-right direction of the lift frame 2, as shown in FIGS. Is arranged.
[0014]
A lock bar 20 extending in the left-right direction of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 5 is disposed at a position in the vicinity of the axis of the guide roller 6 of the body frame 3, preferably at a position coincident with the axis of the guide roller 6. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a pair of left and right L-shaped engagement members that can be engaged with the lock bar 20 from the vehicle rear side are fixed to the lower surface of the lift frame 2. As will be described later in detail, the engaging member 21 is for preventing the rear portion of the lift frame 2 from jumping up when the vehicle is running.
[0015]
A hook assembly 22 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is attached to the endless chain 11. The hook assembly 22 is for engaging with a lift bar 57 as a member to be engaged at a front end portion of a body 47, which will be described later, and for loading and unloading the body 47. A bracket portion 24 fixed to the lower surface of 23 and connected to the endless chain 11; a pair of first rollers 25 protruding horizontally from the left and right front and rear two positions of the main body portion 23 and rolling on the rail portion 8; It has the 2nd roller 26, and the resin-made sliding members 27 which protrude from the left-right both sides of the main-body part 23, and are inserted in the shape steel inside of the said rail part 8. As shown in FIG. The reason why the second roller 26 is made wider than the first roller 25 as shown in FIG. 8 is that the clockwise rotating moment acts on the hook assembly 22 in FIG. This is to increase the pressure receiving area of the two rollers. Further, the sliding member 27 is provided because the hook assembly 22 is moved so that the first roller 25 is temporarily lifted from the rail portion 8 when the lift frame 2 is greatly inclined at the initial stage of loading the body 47. This is because the hook assembly 22 can move smoothly along the lift frame 2 even in such a case.
[0016]
The main body portion 23 is provided with a movable hook member 28 that is rotatably supported by using the shaft of the first roller 25 and a fixed hook member 29 that is fixedly disposed on the main body portion 23. Yes. The movable hook member 28 is formed by connecting and integrating a pair of left and right hook-shaped plates 28a with a connecting plate 28b at a predetermined interval, and a fixed hook member 29 having a sufficient width is disposed between the plates 28a. ing. The movable hook member 28 is always urged to rotate clockwise in FIG. 6 by a tension spring 30 stretched between the main body portion 23, and one end of the connecting plate 28 b of the movable hook member 28 is always fixed to the fixed hook member 29. The hook members 28 and 29 are closed in contact with the front end portion.
[0017]
Inside the main body 23, a pair of left and right rod-shaped bodies 31 are disposed so as to be reciprocable in the longitudinal direction. These rod-shaped bodies 31 are always urged toward the vehicle rear side (right side in FIG. 6) by a compression spring 32. A common contact plate 33 is connected to the tip of the rod-shaped body 31. A connecting plate 34 is fixed to the base end portion of the rod-shaped body 31, and the connecting plate 34 is inserted into a long hole 35 in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped body 31 formed in a plate piece 34 b integrated with the connecting plate 34. It is connected to the movable hook member 28 via a 1 pin 36, a link member 37 and a second pin 38. When the hook assembly 22 reaches the rear end of the lift frame 2, the contact plate 33 contacts the restriction member 2A of the lift frame 2 and is pressed leftward in FIG. Thus, the movable hook member 28 is opened by rotating counterclockwise.
[0018]
An L-shaped notch 44 is formed at the base end of the movable hook member 28. This notch portion 44 is formed in a size and shape that allows the opening operation lock portion 34a at the upper end portion of the connecting plate 34 to be fitted, and when the movable hook member 28 is closed as shown in FIG. The portion 34a is fitted in the notch 44, and in this state, even if the counterclockwise turning moment in FIG. 6 acts on the movable hook member 28 itself, the opening operation is locked. . It should be noted that when the movable hook member 28 starts the opening operation due to the pressing of the contact plate 33, the opening operation locking portion 34a must already have escaped from the notch portion 44. . For this reason, in order to invalidate the link function by the link member 37, that is, the function of opening and closing the movable hook member 28 by the reciprocating movement of the rod-shaped body 31, until the opening operation lock part 34 a escapes from the notch part 44. 35 is provided. Even if the long hole 35 is replaced with the second pin 38, the link function can be similarly disabled. When the movable hook member 28 is fully opened, the opening operation of the movable hook member 28 is stopped.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 11, the body 47 is formed by welding a plurality of vertical girder members 48 and cross girder members 49 so as to cross each other in a lattice shape and laying a floor board 50 thereon, as shown in FIG. A pair of left and right legs 51 protrude from the lower surface of the front end of the body 47, and a pair of right and left ground rollers 52 are attached to the lower surface of the rear end of the body 47. A portal guard frame 53 is erected on the front end of the body.
[0020]
A lift bar 57 as an engaged member is fixed at the center of the front end of the body 47. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, a central rear wall 58 a of a U-shaped section steel 58 that extends in the left-right direction at the front end portion of the body 47 is extended upward in a trapezoidal shape, and the rear wall upper end portion is The upper wall 58b is formed by being bent at a right angle toward the front side. A pair of left and right bracket plates 59 are fitted in a space surrounded by the rear wall 58a and the upper wall 58b in the mold steel 58, and the peripheral edge of the bracket plate 59 is welded to the inner surface of the mold steel 58. Then, both end portions of a lift bar 57 as an engaged member are obliquely inserted and welded to a long hole 60 formed in the bracket plate 59.
[0021]
Each of the rollers 62 is disposed inside a pair of left and right section steel 61 that supports the rear wall 58a of the section steel 58 from behind. The pair of rollers 62 rolls on the rail portion 8 of the lift frame 2.
On the lower surface of the body 47, a pair of left and right rail portions 63 are formed at predetermined intervals so as to use a part of the stringers 48 as they are. The pair of rail portions 63 are supported by riding on the grounding roller 14 of the lift frame 2, and the lower surface of the front end portion of the rail portion is inclined to be inclined forward and upward so that the riding on the grounding roller 14 can be smoothly performed. A portion 63a is provided.
[0022]
The freight vehicle is configured as described above, and the loading and unloading of the body 47 or the freight by the freight vehicle and the coupling / separating operation with the body 47 will be described with reference mainly to the flowcharts of FIGS. Here, in FIGS. 1A to 1F, black circles (●) indicate the body 47 or the center of gravity C of the cargo, and steps S1 to S23 in FIG. 16 indicate the following contents.
S1 ... Switch operation S2 ... While the "down" push button is pressed S3 ... is the limit switch LS2 detected? S4 ... slide motor lowered S5 ... is the limit switch LS3 detected? S6 ... slide motor stop, lift cylinder 4 Elongation S7: Is limit switch LS4 detected? S8 ... Lift cylinder 4 stopped, slide motor lowered S9 ... Limit switch LS5 is detected S10 ... Slide motor stopped, lift cylinder 4 extended S11 ... Container lowering completed S12 ... S13: Whether limit switch LS5 is detected S14: Lift cylinder 4 contraction S15: Limit switch LS4 is detected S16: Lift cylinder 4 stopped, slide motor raised S17 ... Limit switch LS3 Is S18 ... Slide motor stopped, lift cylinder 4 contracted S19 ... Limit switch LS2 detected? S20 ... Lift cylinder 4 stopped, slide motor raised S21 ... Limit switch LS1 detected? S22 ... Runable lamp lit S23: Completion of container loading FIG. 1 (A) shows a state in which a body 47 on which cargo such as a transported vehicle is previously loaded is already loaded on the freight car 1. First, the operation of unloading the body 47 will be described. To do. When the main switch for loading / unloading the body 47 arranged in the driver's seat is turned ON, the control flow from step S1 is started. The driver's seat is provided with two types of push-buttons “lowering” and “loading” of the body 47 adjacent to the main switch, and it is determined which push button is pressed in steps S2 and S12. Determine with. When the “lowering” push button is pressed, after confirming that the lift frame 2 is horizontal in step S3, the endless chain 11 is driven in a direction to retract the hook assembly 22 by the slide motor 9A. 47 is slid by the hook assembly 22 toward the rear end of the lift frame 2. At this time, the lift cylinder 4 remains stopped and the lift frame 2 maintains a horizontal state. Whether or not the lift frame 2 is horizontal is determined by a signal from a limit switch LS2 disposed between the vehicle body frame 3 and the lift frame 2.
[0023]
With the horizontal movement of the body 47, the backward movement of the body 47 is once stopped when the center of gravity C exceeds the guide roller 6 (FIG. 1B), and then the lift cylinder 4 is extended to tilt the lift frame 2. Let Strictly speaking, it is not known whether the center of gravity C has moved beyond the guide roller 6 unless the actual center-of-gravity position, which differs for each cargo, is measured. Regardless of this, it is uniformly detected by the limit switch LS3 that detects a predetermined slide position of the body 47 as being in the center in the front-rear direction of the body 47. The reason why the lift frame 2 is tilted after the body 47 is first slid backward in the horizontal direction in this way is that the load on the lift cylinder 4 increases when the lift frame 2 is tilted from the beginning, which is larger and more expensive. This is because a lift cylinder is required, and a rocker arm 5 that is more robust and heavy is also required.
[0024]
When the lift frame 2 is tilted and the lift angle of the lift frame 2 reaches a predetermined size, the lift cylinder 4 is temporarily stopped (FIG. 1C), and then the endless chain 11 is re-driven to return the body 47. Is further moved backward (FIGS. 1D and 1E). As a result, the grounding roller 52 at the rear end of the body 47 contacts the ground G, and the body 47 is supported by both the lift frame 2 and the ground G. Whether or not the lift frame 2 has reached a predetermined lift angle is detected by a limit switch LS4 disposed between the lift frame 2 and the swing arm 5.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 1E, when the body 47 moves backward to the end, the driving of the endless chain 11 is stopped, and then the lift cylinder 4 is extended again to tilt the lift frame 2 to the maximum lift angle (FIG. 1). (F)). Whether the body 47 has moved to the end is detected by a limit switch LS5 provided at the rear end of the lift frame 2. By the way, when the body 47 moves backward, the hook assembly 22 comes into contact with the regulating member 2A of the lift frame 2, and the movable hook member 28 rotates to open the fixed hook member 29 (FIG. 9).
[0026]
When the lift frame 2 is tilted to the maximum lift angle, the ground roller 14 of the lift frame 2 contacts the ground G, and when the lorry 1 is slightly advanced in this state, the lift bar 57 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. The body 47 is separated by this.
When the separation of the body 47 is completed, the lift frame 2 is returned to the horizontal state as before. When the lift frame 2 is returned to the horizontal state, the engagement member 21 of the lift frame 2 engages with the lock bar 20 on the vehicle body frame 3 side as shown in FIG. The rising of is locked.
[0027]
Next, the loading operation of the body 47 will be described. The loading operation of the body 47 may basically be the reverse of the unloading operation. That is, the lorry 1 without the body 47 is moved backward toward the front end of the body 47 placed horizontally on the ground, and when it reaches a predetermined position, the endless chain 11 is driven by the slide motor 9A, and the hook assembly 22 is moved. The movable hook member 28 of the hook assembly 22 is opened by moving to the last end, and the lift frame 2 is lifted to the maximum angle. In this state, the lorry 1 is slightly retracted, and the lift bar 57 of the body 47 is engaged with the fixed hook member 29 of the hook assembly 22. Thereafter, the body 47 can be loaded by sequentially performing the operations from FIG. 1 (F) to (A).
[0028]
Referring again to the flow of FIG. 16, when the “load” push button is pressed in step S12, it is determined in step S13 whether or not the hook assembly 22 has moved to the end position first. This is determined by a signal from the switch LS5. When it is confirmed that the hook assembly 22 has been moved to the rearmost position, the lift cylinder 4 starts the shortening operation in step S14, and the limit switch LS4 returns to the predetermined lift angle in step S15. In step S16, the lift cylinder 4 is temporarily stopped and the endless chain 11 is driven by a slide motor instead. When it is determined in step S17 that the hook assembly 22 has advanced to a predetermined position based on a signal from the limit switch LS3, the slide motor 9A is temporarily stopped in step S18, and instead, the lift cylinder 4 starts the shortening operation again. . When it is determined in step S19 that the lift frame 2 has become horizontal based on a signal from the limit switch LS2, the lift cylinder 4 is stopped in step S20, and the slide motor 9A is pulled up instead. If it is determined in step S21 that the hook assembly 22 has been advanced to the foremost position by pulling up the slide motor 9A based on a signal from the limit switch LS1 provided at the front end of the lift frame 2, the operation is performed in step S22. The seat ready lamp is turned on, and the loading operation is completed in step S23.
[0029]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the fixed hook member 29 as an engaging member is covered. Although it is engaged with the lift bar 57 as the engaging member, it is of course possible to adopt other engaging structures.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the engaging member that can reciprocate along the lift frame is engageable with the engaged member of the body, and the lock that locks the engaged state between the engaging member and the engaged member. Since the member is configured to automatically open and close when the engagement member reaches the end of the lift frame by the action of the lock member actuating means, the lift frame is lifted and the engagement member is reciprocated while the driver is on the vehicle. By performing the dynamic operation, the loading and unloading of the body and the coupling / separating operation can be performed, and the transportation efficiency can be greatly improved. In addition, by providing an opening operation locking mechanism for the movable hook member, there is no fear that the engaged member may be unexpectedly detached from the engaging member due to vibration of the body during transportation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A to 1F are side views of a loading / unloading process of a truck.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a rear end portion of a truck.
3A is a plan view of a lift frame, and FIG. 3B is a side view of the lift frame.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the center portion of the lift frame.
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the hook assembly.
7 is a BB diagram of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of half of the hook assembly.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the hook assembly in an open state.
FIGS. 10A and 10B are side views showing respective steps of opening operation of the hook assembly. FIGS.
FIG. 11 is a front plan view of the body.
FIG. 12 is a front view of the body.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged side view of the front end and the rear end of the body.
FIG. 14 is a front view of an engaged member of the body.
FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of an engaged member of the body.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a body loading / unloading process.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lorry car 2 Lift frame 3 Body frame 4 Lift cylinder 5 Swing arm 11 Endless chain 21 Engaging member 22 Hook assembly 28 Movable hook member 29 Fixed hook member 30 Tension spring 31 Rod-shaped body 32 Compression spring 33 Contact plate 34 Connection Plate 34a Opening operation lock part 35 Long hole 37 Link member 40 Locked part 41 Lock part 44 Notch part 47 Body

Claims (2)

A lift frame disposed on the vehicle body frame so as to be tiltable, an engagement member disposed so as to be capable of reciprocating along the lift frame, and an engaged member detachably engageable with the engagement member And a body that is pulled by the engaging member and can run on the lift frame, and a lock that is attached to the engaging member and locks the engaged state between the engaging member and the engaged member. A locking member that is attached to the engagement member and is relatively displaced with respect to the engagement member when the engagement member moves to a rear end portion of the lift frame with the lift frame inclined. A cargo comprising: a member for moving to a non-locking position, and a lock member actuating means for returning the lock member to a locked position by returning from the rear end of the lift frame to the original position. Dosha. A fixed hook member that constitutes the engaging member; a movable hook member that constitutes the lock member and can be opened and closed with respect to the fixed hook member; a contact plate that constitutes the lock member actuating means; A rod-shaped body fixed to one end and reciprocally movable in the longitudinal direction; a link member for pin-connecting the movable hook member and the other end of the rod-shaped body; An opening operation lock portion that is formed integrally with the body and engages with a part of the movable hook member in the closed state to lock the opening operation of the movable hook member, and is provided at at least one pin coupling portion of the link member The link function is disabled so that the movable hook member is not opened until the opening operation lock portion is disengaged from the movable hook member when the rod-like body starts moving forward. Lorry according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises and.

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