JP3646364B2 - Speed change assist device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a speed change assisting device for obtaining a quick and smooth speed change operation of a parallel gear type gear transmission of a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a vehicle gear transmission, an intermediate gear coupled to an intermediate shaft and a transmission gear of each gear stage supported so as to be freely rotatable on an output shaft are always meshed, and the transmission gear is selectively used as an output shaft by a known synchronization device. As a result of the coupling, the meshing of the gears of the required gear stage is achieved. However, in a large vehicle, the inertia of the drive transmission system increases, and the operation of the synchronizer is performed to eliminate the rotational difference between the output shaft that receives the rotational force from the wheels during the shifting operation and the transmission gear that is linked to the intermediate shaft. Requires considerable time and operating force.
[0003]
Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-141757, there has been proposed a shift assisting device in which an actuator is provided in the synchronizing device, but this has a problem that the structure becomes complicated and the cost increases. Further, in the shift assist device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-12809, an electromagnetic braking force is applied to the transmission gear so that the rotation speed of the transmission gear approaches the rotation speed of the output shaft. The number of parts to be added to the conventional gear transmission is large, and it is difficult to reduce the cost.
[0004]
In the shift assisting device of Japanese Patent Application No. 7-66884 relating to the application of the present applicant, the synchronizing operation of the synchronizing device is made smooth by narrowing the discharge port of the oil pump connected to the intermediate shaft when shifting up. This impedes the engagement between the sleeve and the hub after the synchronization is completed. In other words, after the end of synchronization during the shift up operation, the end slope of the sleeve spline contacts the end slope of the hub spline, and the hub is rotated by sliding on the end slope. When meshing, the torque generated by the throttle provided on the oil pump may act in the opposite direction to the direction in which the hub is rotated due to slippage between the end spline of the sleeve spline and the end spline of the hub spline. There is a problem of preventing proper meshing operation.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above-described problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a shift assist that quickly removes the load applied to the intermediate shaft after the synchronization is completed in order to make the engagement between the sleeve and the hub after the synchronization of the synchronization device smoother. To provide an apparatus.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the configuration of the present invention is a gear transmission in which an oil pump is connected to an intermediate shaft of a gear transmission via a clutch, and an openable throttle valve is provided at a discharge port of the oil pump. The shift operation mechanism is provided with a shift sensor for detecting the operation direction of the shift lever and detecting the end of shift synchronization of the transmission, and an electronic control device for controlling the throttle valve and the clutch based on the signal of the shift sensor. It is characterized by.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, an oil pump that supplies oil to the transmission gear to the intermediate shaft of the gear transmission is connected via a clutch, and a throttle valve is connected to the discharge port of the oil pump. The clutch is normally in a connected state, and the oil pump sucks oil at the bottom of the gear box, and normally spreads through the throttle valve that is fully open from the top wall of the gear box to each transmission gear and the synchronizer. The oil pump is used not only to supply the oil in the gear box to the lubrication part of the transmission, but also to the oil cooling part, the power take-out part, and the like. During the shift up operation, a braking force is applied to the intermediate shaft by narrowing the discharge port of the oil pump, and the smooth synchronizing operation of the synchronizing device is promoted. After the synchronization is completed, the throttle valve is opened to achieve a smooth meshing operation between the sleeve and the hub. Specifically, since there is a problem of responsiveness when the throttle valve is opened after the synchronization is completed, the throttle valve is opened before the synchronization operation is completely completed. Therefore, the number of rotations of the output shaft and the number of rotations of the sleeve (the value obtained by multiplying the number of rotations of the intermediate shaft by the gear ratio) are compared. Open the valve.
[0008]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a speed change assisting device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a main part of the speed change assisting device. As shown in FIG. 1, a clutch box 5 is coupled to a front end portion of a gear box 18 of the gear transmission, and the main clutch 3 cuts off between the crankshaft 2 of the engine and the input shaft 4 of the gear transmission during a shift operation. Configured to do. The gear box 18 supports the output shaft 10 coaxially with the input shaft 4, and further supports the intermediate shaft 12 in parallel with the output shaft 10. The input gear 8 of the input shaft 4 is always meshed with the intermediate gear 9 of the intermediate shaft 12. The intermediate gear 39 having a different number of teeth coupled to the intermediate shaft 12 is always meshed with the transmission gear 38 of each gear stage supported on the output shaft 10 so as to be freely rotatable. A predetermined transmission gear 38 is selectively rotationally coupled to the output shaft 10 by axial movement of a known synchronizer 35 disposed on the output shaft 10.
[0009]
The speed change operation mechanism 6 is disposed on the upper portion of the gear box 18, and the oil supply pipe 17 a is disposed on the top wall portion. The oil supply pipe 17 a is adapted to spray oil from the oil pump 15 to the input gear 8, the transmission gears 38, and the synchronization device 35. The configuration described above is almost the same as that of a conventional gear transmission.
[0010]
According to the present invention, the oil pump 15 is connected to the rear end portion of the intermediate shaft 12 via the clutch (specifically, the electromagnetic clutch) 13. The oil pump 15 sucks the oil at the bottom of the gear box 18 from the strainer into the inlet passage 14 and supplies it to the oil supply pipe 17a through the outlet passage 17 and the throttle valve 16 (preferably an electromagnetic throttle valve). The shift operation mechanism 6 is provided with shift sensors 33 and 73 for detecting a shift up operation or a shift down operation of the shift lever 7. Based on the signal from the speed change sensor 33, the control device, preferably the electronic control device 20, switches the throttle valve 16 between the fully open position and the throttle position, and switches the clutch 13 between the connection position and the cutoff position.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 2, the clutch 13 and the oil pump 15 are disposed in a gear box 19 coupled to a rear end portion of the gear box 18. That is, the end of the intermediate shaft 12 is supported by the bearing 21 on the end wall of the gear box 18 and protrudes into the gear box 19. The electromagnetic coil 23 is fixed to the holding plate 22 fixed to the gear box 19, and the drive plate 22 a facing the electromagnetic coil 23 is fixedly supported to the intermediate shaft 12. A spring 24 is interposed between the drive plate 22a and the conical clutch plate 25. The clutch plate 25 is fitted to the intermediate shaft 12 by a spline 25 a so as to be movable in the axial direction, and is engaged with the conical hole 27 a of the oil pump 15 by the force of the spring 24.
[0012]
The oil pump 15 includes an internal gear 19a rotatably incorporated in the inner peripheral wall of the gear box 19, and a pinion 27 that meshes with the internal gear 19a. The pinion 27 eccentric to the internal gear 19a is an intermediate shaft 12 The bearing 26 is supported so as to be freely rotatable. The suction port of the oil pump 15 is connected to a strainer 29 disposed at the bottom of the gear box 18 through the inlet passage 14 and the pipe 14a. On the other hand, the discharge port of the oil pump 15 is connected to the oil supply pipe 17a through the outlet passage 17 and the throttle valve 16.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, the speed change operating mechanism 6 includes left and right support shafts 47 that are rotatably supported on both side walls of a box-shaped base frame 41. Retaining rings 42 are attached to both ends so that the support shaft 47 does not come off. A slit 49 in the vertical direction is formed at the center portion of the support shaft 47, and the transmission lever 7 is inserted into the slit 49 and supported by a pin 48 in the front-rear direction so as to be able to swing left and right. The ball 45 is selectively engaged with one of the three indentations 44 disposed in the spherical indentation 43 a of the bottom plate 43 of the base frame 41 by the spring 55 accommodated in the cylindrical portion 56 at the lower end of the speed change lever 7. To be configured. If the shift lever 7 is tilted left and right about the pin 48, the select operation can be achieved, and if the shift lever 7 is tilted back and forth together with the support shaft 47, the shift operation can be achieved.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the speed change operation mechanism 6 is provided with a speed change sensor 73 that detects the operation process of the select operation of the speed change lever 7. For this reason, the support shaft 48a arranged coaxially with the pin 48 is supported on the front wall of the base frame 41, and the lever 75 is rotatably supported by the support shaft 48a. The lower end portion of the lever 75 is integrally formed with an engagement piece 75a that is curved in an arc shape and has a slit 75b that extends in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 4). The lower end of the transmission lever 7 is engaged with the slit 75b of the engagement piece 75a. When the shift lever 7 is selected, the shift lever 7 rotates the engagement piece 75a together and slides along the hollow 43a. On the other hand, when the shift lever 7 is shifted, the shift lever 7 slides along the elongated slit 75b of the engagement piece 75a, and the engagement piece 75a is stopped.
[0015]
A pair of left and right light receivers 73 b and 73 a are disposed on the front wall of the base frame 41 with the upper end of the lever 75 interposed therebetween. The lever 75 is provided with one window 71 at a position corresponding to the center of the pair of left and right light emitters 73 a at the neutral position of the speed change lever 7. Therefore, at the time of the selection operation, for example, when the shift lever 7 is tilted to the left in FIG. 3, the light from the left light emitter 73a passes through the window 71 and reaches the light receiver 73b, and the select operation has been achieved. Is detected.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 3, the shift operation mechanism 6 is provided with a shift sensor 33 that detects an operation process of the shift operation of the shift lever 7. Therefore, the fan-shaped window plate 53 is coupled to the support shaft 47, while the light receiver 33b is fixed to the side wall of the base frame 41, and the light emitter 33a is arranged on the opposite side of the window plate 53 to face the light receiver 33b. Established. The light emitter 33a is supported on the base frame 41 by an appropriate means not shown.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 5, the window plate 53 includes windows 53 b positioned between a pair of front and rear light emitters 33 a (or a pair of front and rear light receivers 33 b) at the neutral position of the shift lever 7. Windows 53a and 53c are provided on the side. Each window 53a-53c is elongate in the circumferential direction, and the mutual space | interval of the circumferential direction of the windows 53a-53c is substantially equal to the circumferential direction space | interval of the pair of light emitters 33a. Therefore, for example, when a shift operation is performed by tilting the speed change lever 7 forward (in the direction of the arrow x in FIG. 5), the light from the front light emitter 33a passes through the window 53b of the window plate 53 at the start of boke. When the synchronization ends (boke ends), the light from the pair of light emitters 33a passes through the windows 53b and 53a of the window plate 53, and it is detected that the synchronization operation has ended. When the shift operation is completed, the light from the rear light emitter 33a passes through the window 53a of the window plate 53, and it is detected that the shift operation is completed.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 6, the gear transmission synchronizer 35 includes a hub 61 having spline teeth 61 a formed integrally with a transmission gear 38 that is constantly receiving rotational force from the gear of the intermediate shaft 12, and the transmission gear 38. , A synchronous ring 62 having a conical shaft portion formed integrally with the spline teeth 62a, a conical hole fitted outside the conical shaft portion, and a notch 62b, and a spline fitting supported to the output shaft 10 so as to be axially movable. And a sleeve.
[0019]
The sleeve has spline teeth 63 formed on the inner peripheral surface, and elastically supports the key 63a so as to be movable in the axial direction. The key 63a is configured to be engageable with the notch 62b of the synchronization ring 62. The specific configuration of the synchronizer 35 is known from Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-12809 and the like, and since it is not directly related to the gist of the present invention, it will not be described further.
[0020]
When the shift lever 7 is shifted, the synchronization device 35 executes the operation steps (a) to (e) of FIG. When the spline teeth 63 of the sleeve move upward (in the axial direction of the output shaft 10) from the neutral position in FIG. 6, the key 63a elastically supported by the sleeve engages with the notch 62b of the synchronization ring 62, and the synchronization ring 62 is the key. Pushed by 63 a and frictionally engaged with the conical shaft portion of the transmission gear 38. The synchronizing ring 62 receives the rotational force of the transmission gear 38 (rotational force in the direction of arrow y in FIG. 6), and the key 63a hits the left side wall of the notch 62b in the drawing. This index state is the operation process (a).
[0021]
Further, when the spline teeth 63 of the sleeve move upward, the spline teeth 63 come into surface contact with the end slopes of the spline teeth 62a of the synchronization ring 62. This balk state is the operation process (b). Subsequently, when the sleeve spline teeth 63 move upward from the operation step (b), an axial relative movement occurs between the sleeve and the key 63a, and at the same time, the sleeve spline teeth 63 are inclined surfaces of the spline teeth 62a of the synchronizing ring 62. , The spline teeth 63 advance between the spline teeth 62a and the spline teeth 62a. This synchronization end state is the operation process (c).
[0022]
Subsequently, when the spline teeth 63 of the sleeve move upward, the spline teeth 63 come into surface contact with the end slopes of the spline teeth 61a of the hub 61, and the engagement between the sleeve and the hub 61 starts. This state of meshing start is the operation process (d). Subsequently, when the spline teeth 63 of the sleeve move upward, the spline teeth 63 slide along the end slope of the spline teeth 61a, the spline teeth 63 advance between the spline teeth 61a and the spline teeth 61a, and the meshing is finished. . This engagement end state is the operation process (e).
[0023]
In the present invention, the load acting on the intermediate shaft 12 is removed by opening the throttle valve 16 after the synchronization of the synchronizer 35 is completed during the shift up operation. For this reason, the end of synchronization is detected by the shift sensor 33, and it is determined that the engagement has been completed when the sleeve has advanced from the boke position, and the throttle valve 16 is quickly opened. Thereby, the smooth engagement between the sleeve 61 and the hub 61 after completion of synchronization is achieved. That is, the load torque of the hydraulic pump 15 acting on the intermediate shaft 12 is released in the operation process (b) of FIG. In other words, by releasing the braking torque for the hub 61, the rotational difference between the hub 61 and the output shaft 10 is reduced, and the meshing operation from the operation process (d) to the operation process (e) is made smooth.
[0024]
On the other hand, at the time of the downshift operation, the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft 12 needs to be higher than before the operation. Therefore, if the clutch 13 is cut off and the load of the oil pump 13 acting on the intermediate shaft 12 is eliminated, the degree to which the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft 12 decreases during the downshift operation is reduced, and a quick and smooth speed change operation can be performed. help.
[0025]
7 and 8 are flowcharts of a control program for performing the above-described control by the electronic control unit 20 formed of a micro computer. In the figure, p11 to p29 represent the steps of the control program. This program is executed repeatedly every predetermined time. The control program is started at p11, and the shift signal is read from the shift sensor 33 at p12. It is determined whether or not the shift signal has changed at p13. If the shift signal does not change at p13, the process returns to p12. If the shift signal changes, it is determined at p14 whether the shift signal is in the neutral position. If the shift signal is in the neutral position, the process returns to p22. If the shift signal is not in the neutral position, the gear position being changed is determined at p15.
[0026]
At p16, the shift signal previously stored is compared with the shift signal after the change. At p17, it is determined whether or not a shift up operation is performed. If it is not a shift up operation, the clutch 13 is cut off at p24 and the process proceeds to p25. If it is a shift up operation at p17, the throttle valve 16 is throttled at p18, the gear stage is determined from the shift signal after the change at p19, and the gear ratio i is obtained.
[0027]
At p20, the rotational speed Nt of the transmission gear of the gear stage is read. At p21, the rotational speed Nm of the output shaft 10 is read. At p22, it is determined whether or not the rotational difference Nt−Nm between the transmission gear and the output shaft 10 is smaller than a predetermined value C. If the rotational difference Nt−Nm between the transmission gear and the output shaft 10 is greater than the predetermined value C, the process returns to p20. If the rotational difference Nt−Nm between the transmission gear and the output shaft 10 is smaller than the predetermined value C, the clutch is detected at p23. 13 is shut off and the throttle valve 16 is opened. Next, the shift operation end signal is read at p26. At p26, it is determined whether or not the shift operation has been completed. If the shift operation has not been completed, the process returns to p25. If the shift operation has been completed, the clutch 13 is connected at p27. The shift stage after the end of the shift operation is stored at p28, and the process ends at p29.
[0028]
The control content of the microcomputer that controls the above-described shift assist device is as shown in FIG.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides a gear transmission in which an oil pump is connected to an intermediate shaft of a gear transmission via a clutch, and a throttle valve that can be opened is provided at the discharge port of the oil pump. a shift sensor for detecting a shift synchronizing completion of the transmission detects the operation direction of the lever is provided, which controls the throttle valve and the clutch based on a signal of said alteration speed sensor, when Shifutoatsupu operation of the shift lever, oil Applying braking force to the intermediate shaft by restricting the discharge port of the pump to promote smooth synchronization operation of the synchronizer, and opening the throttle valve after completion of synchronization ensures smooth engagement between the sleeve and the hub be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gearshift auxiliary device of a gear transmission according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a main part of the speed change assisting device.
FIG. 3 is a rear sectional view of the speed change operation mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a speed change sensor that detects a selection operation process of the speed change operation mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a window plate for detecting a shift operation process of the speed change operation mechanism.
FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating an operation process of the synchronization device.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a control program for controlling the shift assist device by a micro computer.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a control program for controlling the shift assist device by a micro computer.
FIG. 9 is a table showing the control contents of a microcomputer that controls the shift assist device.
[Explanation of symbols]
2: crankshaft 3: main clutch 4: input shaft 5: clutch box 6: speed change mechanism 7: speed change lever 8: input gear 9: intermediate gear 10: output shaft 12: intermediate shaft 13: clutch 14: inlet passage 14a: Pipe 15: Oil pump 16: Throttle valve 17: Outlet passage 17a: Oil supply pipe 18: Gear box 19: Gear box 19a: Internal gear 20: Electronic control device 21: Bearing 22: Holding plate 22a: Holding plate 23: Electromagnetic Coil 25: Clutch plate 25a: Spline 26: Bearing 27: Pinion 27a: Conical hole 33: Speed change sensor 33a: Light emitter 33b: Light receiver 35: Synchronizer 38: Speed change gear 39: Intermediate gear 41: Base frame 42: Retaining ring 43: bottom plate 43a: spherical recess 44: recess 45: ball 47: spindle 48: pin 49: slit 53: window plates 53a to 53c: window 55 : Spring 56: Cylindrical part 61: Hub 61a: Teeth 62: Synchronous ring 62a: Teeth 62b: Notch 63: Sleeve teeth 63a: Key

Claims (3)

In a gear transmission in which an oil pump is connected to an intermediate shaft of the gear transmission via a clutch, and a throttle valve that can be opened at the discharge port of the oil pump is provided, the shift operation mechanism detects the operation direction of the shift lever. A shift assisting device , comprising: a shift sensor that detects the end of shift synchronization of the transmission, and an electronic control unit that controls the throttle valve and the clutch based on a signal from the shift sensor . The electronic control unit throttles the throttle valve during shift lever shift- up operation, and when the difference between the rotational speed of the output shaft and the rotational speed of the transmission gear obtained from the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft or the input shaft is less than a predetermined value. The shift assisting device according to claim 1, wherein the throttle valve is opened. The electronic control unit throttles the throttle valve during shift lever shift- up operation, and when the difference between the rotational speed of the output shaft and the rotational speed of the transmission gear obtained from the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft or the input shaft is less than a predetermined value. The shift assisting device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch is cut off.

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