JP3643958B2 - Garbage disposal facility - Google Patents

Description

【００３１】
上記した［表１］によれば、前記排出水は、生物化学的酸素要求量（ＢＯＤ）や浮遊物質量（ＳＳ量）等の計量対象の全てにおいて排水基準値を下回っている。よって、本発明の生ゴミ処理施設から排出される生ゴミの処理産物を含む前記排出水は、下水道等の公共の下水処理施設へ排出しても水質的に何ら問題は無い。
【００３２】
また、この実験では、生ゴミ収容部３１に堆積する生ゴミ等は一定量（およそ１９リットル）以上増加することはなく、分解・細分化されていた。この結果から、少なくとも一日あたりの生ゴミ廃棄量の約２．７倍の容積を持つ生ゴミ収容部３１を有する生ゴミ処理槽３が好ましい。
【００３３】
更に、実験結果として上記した、生ゴミ収容部３１に堆積する生ゴミ等は一定量以上増加せずに分解・細分化されていること、並びにＢＯＤ及びＳＳ量の値は、本発明に係る生ゴミ処理施設３が日常的に発生する生ゴミを十分に分解しつくす処理能力を持っていることを明示している。
【００３４】
以上に説明したように、請求項１〜４に記載した発明に係る生ゴミの処理施設は、定期的な微生物又は分解促進剤等の添加又は交換、及び堆肥化した生ゴミ処理産物の散布・埋設処分を一切必要とせず、その維持管理及び保守性に優れている。即ち、本発明の生ゴミ処理施設は、日々発生する生ゴミを次々と投入するだけでよく、その後、格別のメンテナンスをしなくとも長期的に継続して使用できる。
【００３５】
加えて、精密機器を一切用いていない比較的簡単な構造であるので、安価に量産でき、使用する際の維持・保持にかかるランニングコストもほとんど掛からないのである。
【００３６】
更に、本発明の生ゴミ処理施設は、生ゴミを発生の都度、屋内から水流と共に屋外の生ゴミ処理槽へ投入できるので、一連の生ゴミ処理を衛生的に行うことができる。
【００３７】
また、本発明の生ゴミ処理施設は、生ゴミ処理槽に発生する水分は速やかに排除可能な排水手段を設けているので、高濃度の硝酸態又は亜硝酸態による環境汚染を引き起こす虞の無い安全な生ゴミ処理を行うことができる。
【００３８】
【本発明が奏する効果】
請求項１〜４に記載した発明に係る生ゴミ処理施設によれば、定期的な微生物又は分解促進剤等の添加又は交換、及び堆肥化した生ゴミ処理産物の散布・埋設処分を一切必要とせず、維持管理及び保守性に優れ安価な生ゴミ処理施設を提供することにある。
【００３９】
また、生ゴミを発生の都度、屋内から水流と共に屋外の生ゴミ処理槽へ投入できるので、一連の生ゴミ処理を衛生的に行うことができる。
更に、ゴミ処理槽に発生する水分は速やかに排除可能な排水手段を設けているので、高濃度の硝酸態又は亜硝酸態による環境汚染を引き起こす虞の無い長期にわたり安全な生ゴミ処理を行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る生ゴミ処理施設の概略図である。
【図２】排水手段の構成例を示した斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 送給手段
１ａ 生ゴミ投入口
１ｂ 輸送管
３ 生ゴミ処理槽
３６ 密閉蓋
３３ 着床・培養層部
３２ 透過層部
３１ 生ゴミ収容部
４ 排水手段
４ａ 集水部
４ｂ 排水管
４５ オーバーフロー管
３４ 換気手段
３５ 保温手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In this invention, garbage generated mainly at home can be disposed of as if it flows from a sink or the like each time it is generated, and the garbage is decomposed using microorganisms that are naturally generated in an outdoor treatment tank. It belongs to the field of processing technology.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, garbage is collected mainly by local governments such as municipalities and incinerated at a waste disposal plant or dumped at a garbage disposal site.
[0003]
In recent years, garbage is discharged in large quantities from households, restaurants, etc., and the costs associated with its collection and disposal are becoming enormous enough to put pressure on local government finances. As for dumping disposal, it is extremely difficult to secure a dumping place. Furthermore, the dioxin problem that occurs at the time of incineration at a cleaning factory is linked to environmental problems and has become a major social problem.
[0004]
Therefore, local governments have decided to change the direction of administrative policies so that households and restaurants, etc., individually handle them, instead of using batch processing at the conventional garbage collection plant as a measure to overcome these garbage problems. A subsidy system has been established to disseminate devices aimed at processing garbage at home and restaurants, etc.
[0005]
In response to such a situation, recently, various garbage disposal apparatuses intended for use in homes, restaurants, etc. have been developed and studied, and are already well known. For example,
(A) In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-314106, a disposer for pulverizing garbage is attached to an indoor sink, and the garbage treated by the disposer is separated into a liquid and a solid and individually purified or decomposed. An outdoor installation type garbage processing apparatus comprising a processing tank is disclosed.
[0006]
(B) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-128103 provides a garbage disposal unit with a lower part buried in the ground in the vicinity of an outdoor wall surface of a house, and the garbage passes through the wall from the inside. There is disclosed a garbage processing apparatus that is put into a container through a duct with a lid that communicates with the container, and is fermented and decomposed by small animals such as microorganisms, bacteria, and earthworms that indwell in the soil.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
The technique (A) can be noted in that the garbage can be disposed of lightly and hygienically. However, there is a problem that exchange of a carrier having microorganisms and spraying and burying of composted garbage processing products must be frequently performed, and the maintenance and maintenance are poor. Further, since the disposer and the accompanying garbage disposal apparatus are precision instruments, the main body itself is expensive, and there is a problem that the running cost after installation increases.
[0008]
It can be noted that the technique (B) described above actively uses microorganisms or the like indigenous in the soil, and eliminates the addition or exchange of microorganisms or microorganism carriers. However, there is a problem that the addition of straw, which becomes a culture bed for microorganisms, and the application and disposal of composted raw garbage processing products must be performed frequently, which is also inferior in maintenance and maintainability. In addition, every time the duct lid is opened and garbage is thrown into the garbage disposal equipment, the odor inside the equipment leaks into the interior, and it can be an entry route for small insects inside the equipment. There was a problem in maintaining the user's feeling, and the user was uncomfortable. In addition, since the structure of the container easily collects the moisture generated during the fermentation decomposition of the garbage at the bottom of the container as it is, there is a problem of causing a rot phenomenon of the garbage due to excessive moisture and giving off a bad odor. Furthermore, there is a problem that a large amount of nitrate or nitrite accumulates in a high concentration in the processed product of garbage as the microorganisms are decomposed. In addition, there is a problem that the nitrate state or nitrite state accumulates in a high concentration in the surrounding soil centering on the bottom of the vessel and causes soil contamination with the treatment of garbage for a long time.
[0009]
The object of the present invention is that it does not require any addition or exchange of microorganisms or decomposition accelerators, and does not require any dispersal / embedding disposal of composted garbage processing products, and is excellent in maintenance management and maintainability, and is inexpensive. Is to provide.
[0010]
The next object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal facility capable of hygienically treating a series of garbage, by allowing the garbage to be thrown into the outdoor garbage disposal tank together with the water flow from the interior whenever it occurs. There is to do.
[0011]
A further object of the present invention is to provide a drainage means that can immediately remove the water generated in the garbage processing tank, and to perform a safe garbage disposal that does not cause environmental pollution due to rot and high-concentration nitrate. To provide a waste disposal facility.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As means for solving the problems of the prior art, the garbage processing facility according to the invention described in claim 1 is:
A feeding means for feeding the raw garbage together with a water stream from an indoor to an outdoor garbage processing tank through a transport pipe, a raw garbage processing tank for receiving the fed raw garbage and decomposing it using microorganisms; consists of a drainage means for guiding moisture of the garbage treatment tank to sewage,
Said feeding means includes a garbage charging port provided indoors consists of a transport pipe for communicating the top of the biological refuse inlet and outdoor garbage treatment tank, the garbage that is put in the garbage inlet A water supply means is provided, and a trap is provided in the middle of the transport pipe to prevent odors and microorganisms from entering the room, or a sealing lid is provided at the junction between the garbage input port and the transport pipe. And
The garbage processing tank is composed of a watertight container with a hermetically sealed lid made of a corrosion-resistant material, and a microbial implantation and culture layer formed by laying small gravel or porous ceramic on the bottom of the container in a certain layer thickness. When, with the landing-culture layer portion upper in crushed stone or boulder the formed laid a constant layer thickness of the moisture permeable layer of, a garbage receiving portion formed above the transmission layer part in Configured,
The drainage means, the a water collecting portion located below the transparent layer portion collects the transmitted moisture transmission layer part, it is composed of a drain pipe for guiding the moisture that has entered into said population water unit to the sewerage It is characterized by each.
[0013]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal facility according to the first aspect, the garbage disposal tank includes a ventilation means.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the garbage processing facility according to the first or second aspect, the garbage processing tank is provided with a heat retaining means.
[0015]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal facility according to any one of the first to third aspects, the drainage means includes an overflow pipe that rises at a certain height in the garbage disposal tank. Features.
[0016]
Embodiments and Examples
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a garbage disposal facility according to the inventions described in claims 1 to 4 will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a basic embodiment of a garbage disposal facility according to the present invention. This garbage disposal facility receives the garbage sent from the feeding means 1 and the feeding means 1 for feeding the garbage together with the water stream from the indoor to the outdoor garbage disposal tank 3 through the transport pipe 1b. , A garbage disposal tank 3 that decomposes using microorganisms (including bacteria; the same applies hereinafter), and a drainage means 4 that guides moisture and the like in the garbage disposal tank 3 to sewers and the like. .
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, the feeding means 1 includes a garbage input 1a using a sink, for example, and the transport pipe 1b that communicates the garbage input 1a with the upper part of the garbage processing tank 3. It consists of In addition, in order to prevent the odor and microorganisms in the garbage processing tank 3 from entering into the indoor through the transport pipe 1b, the transport pipe 1b is preferably used with a trap provided in the middle of the transport pipe 1b. It is done. Furthermore, in order to obtain the same effect as the trap, a sealing lid 1c may be provided at the joint between the garbage input port 1a and the transport pipe 1b.
[0018]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the garbage processing tank 3 is a cylindrical watertight container having a height of about 900 mm and a diameter of about 400 mm formed as a corrosion resistant material such as stainless steel or synthetic resin. A sealing lid 30 is provided. The raw garbage processing tank 3 includes a microorganism-implanted / cultivated layer portion 33 formed at the bottom thereof, a moisture-permeable layer portion 32 formed at the top of the implanted / cultivated layer portion 33, and the permeated portion. It is composed of a garbage storage portion 31 formed above the layer portion 32. In addition, the shape and dimension of the garbage disposal tank 3 are not limited to the above-described cylindrical shape and dimensions, and are suitably implemented with various dimensions in a rectangular tube shape and other shapes.
[0019]
The implantation / culture layer portion 33 is a layer in which small gravel of about 5 to 6 mm is spread to a thickness of about 50 mm. The implantation / culture layer unit 33 attaches and fixes microorganisms that have entered the garbage treatment tank 3 through various entry routes, and the culture bed for the microorganisms to stably grow in the garbage treatment tank 3. As a role. Therefore, the implantation / culture layer portion 33 is not limited to the configuration in which small gravel is spread to a thickness of about 50 mm as described above, and is a material that can attach, fix and culture microorganisms over a long period of time, for example, porous ceramics. Etc. are suitably implemented in various configurations in which the layers are formed in layers with an appropriate thickness.
[0020]
The permeable layer portion 32 is laid with a thickness of about 100 to 200 mm with water flowing into the garbage receiving portion 31 and crushed stones or cobblestones that can quickly permeate moisture generated during fermentation decomposition of the garbage. This is a layer formed. By the cooperation of the permeable layer portion 32 and the drainage means 4 to be described later, water or the like flowing into the above-described garbage disposal tank 3 is quickly discharged into the sewer without stagnation in the garbage storage portion 31 for a long period of time. Thus, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the rot phenomenon of the garbage generated by the accumulation of excess water at the bottom of the garbage storage section 31, and the generation of malodor associated with the rot phenomenon. In addition, the thickness of the permeable layer part 32 is not limited to the above-described dimensions, and is suitably implemented with various dimensions that can achieve quick water permeability of the garbage storage part 3.
[0021]
Furthermore, the said garbage processing tank 3 is equipped with the ventilation means (invention of Claim 2). This ventilation means is provided from the inside of the garbage treatment tank 3 so that the odor of the sewer pipe directly connected via the drainage means 4 and the odor generated during the fermentation decomposition of the garbage are not leaked indoors through the garbage treatment tank and the transport pipe. A ventilating pipe 34 and a ventilating fan illustrated in FIG. 1 are preferably used.
[0022]
In addition, the garbage treatment tank 3 has a heat retaining means for maintaining the temperature in the garbage treatment tank 3 at an appropriate decomposition temperature of the garbage in order to promote efficient and rapid fermentation and decomposition of the garbage by microorganisms. (Invention of claim 3) An incandescent bulb 35 is preferably implemented as the heat retaining means. Of course, the heat retaining means is not limited to an incandescent lamp, and can be suitably implemented even if various heaters are used.
[0023]
Next, the drainage means 4 is provided below the permeable layer portion 3, and the water collection portion 4 a provided with an infinite number of holes 40 through which water or the like that has passed through the permeable layer portion 32 is quickly passed, It is comprised with the water distribution pipe 4b which guides the water etc. in the collection part 4a to a sewer pipe.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2, the water collecting part 4a is a water collecting part in which a branch pipe 42 is connected at right angles to a header 41 provided with countless holes 40 through which water or the like that has passed through the permeable layer part 32 is passed. 4a and a drain pipe 4b for guiding water or the like entering the water collecting section 4a to a sewer pipe or the like. Of course, the water collection part 4a in the drainage means 4 is not limited to the shape shown in the said FIG. 2, It implements suitably with the various shape which can achieve the objective.
[0025]
The drainage means 4 is also provided with an overflow pipe 45 that rises at a certain height in the garbage disposal tank 3 (the invention according to claim 4). The overflow pipe 45 generates moisture above the position of the discharge port 10 when the moisture stored in the garbage container 31 together with the garbage reaches a level higher than the position of the discharge port 10 of the transport pipe 1b. A function of preventing the inconvenience that the water in the garbage processing tank 3 flows back from the waste container 31 directly to the drainage means 4 without passing through the permeable layer portion 32 and flows back to the garbage input port 1a through the transport pipe 1b. Is responsible.
[0026]
Next, the usage method of the garbage processing facility comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. Garbage generated on a daily basis at home, restaurants, etc. is dumped into the garbage input 1a every time it is generated. Then, water is poured out from a tap faucet 20 installed around the garbage input port 1a, and the garbage is pushed away from the garbage input port 1a. Thus, the garbage is fed to the garbage processing tank 3 through the transport pipe 1b together with the water flow. Therefore, there is no need to take heavy and odorous garbage to the outdoors with a bucket, etc., and you will not be bothered by dirt and bad odor due to dripping at that time, and unsanitary and bad smell that temporarily stores the garbage indoors. . Furthermore, since garbage can be dumped to the outdoor garbage processing tank 3 in a sanitary manner, it is excellent in cleanliness around the kitchen.
[0027]
The garbage sent to the garbage processing tank 3 as described above is quickly separated from moisture and deposited on the permeable layer portion 32. The garbage deposited on the permeable layer portion 32 is attached with microorganisms that have moved from the implantation / culture layer portion 33 to the garbage storage portion 31 for food, and decomposes and ferments the garbage. It is gradually subdivided in the process of composting or soiling. The processed product of the garbage that has been decomposed and subdivided to such an extent that it can permeate through the holes of the water collecting part 4a of the drainage means 32 and the drainage means 4 together with the water etc. flowing into the garbage processing tank 3 It is discharged to the sewer pipe through the part 32 and the drainage means 4.
[0028]
In addition, the water which flowed into the said garbage processing tank 3 with the garbage also has the function discharged | emitted to a sewer at any time, diluting the nitrate form or nitrite state which arises from the garbage which has already accumulated and progressed decomposition | disassembly.
[0029]
Next, with respect to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the garbage processing tank having the garbage containing portion 31 having a volume of about 51 liters in actual capacity up to the height of the lower end of the discharge port 10 of the transport pipe 1b. [Table 1] below shows the results of water quality inspections of the discharged water when 3 is used by a family of 4 and daily garbage (3 kg per day) is continuously added. In addition, each measuring method of the water quality inspection is in accordance with a ministerial ordinance on the quality of sewage (Ministry of Construction Ministry of Health and Welfare Ordinance No. 1: last revised 1997). Each effluent standard is based on the Sewerage Law Enforcement Ordinance (1959 Decree 147).
[0030]
[Table 1]

[0031]
According to the above [Table 1], the discharged water is below the drainage standard value in all the measurement objects such as the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the suspended solids amount (SS amount). Therefore, there is no problem in terms of water quality even if the discharged water containing the processed product of garbage discharged from the garbage processing facility of the present invention is discharged to a public sewage treatment facility such as a sewer.
[0032]
In this experiment, garbage etc. accumulated in the garbage storage unit 31 did not increase by a certain amount (approximately 19 liters) or more and was decomposed and subdivided. From this result, the garbage processing tank 3 having the garbage storage unit 31 having a volume of at least about 2.7 times the amount of garbage discarded per day is preferable.
[0033]
Further, as described above as an experimental result, the garbage etc. accumulated in the garbage storage unit 31 is decomposed and subdivided without increasing more than a certain amount, and the values of the BOD and the SS amount are determined according to the present invention. It clearly shows that the waste disposal facility 3 has a processing capacity to sufficiently decompose and completely dispose of the daily waste generated.
[0034]
As explained above, the garbage processing facilities according to the inventions described in claims 1 to 4 are periodically added or exchanged with microorganisms or decomposition accelerators, and the composted garbage processing products are sprayed. It does not require any burial disposal and has excellent maintenance and maintainability. That is, the garbage processing facility of the present invention only needs to throw in the garbage generated every day, and can be used continuously for a long time without special maintenance.
[0035]
In addition, since it is a relatively simple structure that does not use any precision instrument, it can be mass-produced at a low cost, and there is almost no running cost for maintenance and holding during use.
[0036]
Furthermore, since the garbage processing facility of this invention can be thrown into the outdoor garbage processing tank with a water flow from indoors whenever it produces | generates, a series of garbage processing can be performed hygienically.
[0037]
In addition, since the garbage processing facility of the present invention is provided with a drainage means capable of quickly removing the water generated in the garbage processing tank, there is no possibility of causing environmental pollution due to a high concentration of nitrate or nitrite. Safe garbage disposal can be performed.
[0038]
[Effects of the present invention]
According to the garbage disposal facility according to the inventions described in claims 1 to 4, there is no need for periodic addition or exchange of microorganisms or decomposition accelerators, and spraying / burial disposal of composted garbage disposal products. It is to provide a garbage disposal facility that is excellent in maintenance management and maintainability and inexpensive.
[0039]
In addition, whenever garbage is generated, it can be thrown into the outdoor garbage disposal tank together with the water stream from the inside, so that a series of garbage disposal can be performed hygienically.
Furthermore, since there is a drainage means that can quickly remove the water generated in the waste treatment tank, it should be possible to safely treat raw garbage for a long time without causing environmental pollution due to high concentrations of nitrate or nitrite. Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a garbage disposal facility according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of drainage means .
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Feeding means 1a Garbage inlet 1b Transport pipe 3 Garbage disposal tank 36 Sealing lid 33 Implantation / culture layer part 32 Permeation layer part 31 Garbage storage part 4 Drainage means 4a Water collecting part 4b Drain pipe 45 Overflow pipe 34 Ventilation means 35 Thermal insulation means

Claims (4)

A feeding means for feeding the raw garbage together with a water stream from an indoor to an outdoor garbage processing tank through a transport pipe, a raw garbage processing tank for receiving the fed raw garbage and decomposing it using microorganisms; consists of a drainage means for guiding moisture of the garbage treatment tank to sewage,
Said feeding means includes a garbage charging port provided indoors consists of a transport pipe for communicating the top of the biological refuse inlet and outdoor garbage treatment tank, the garbage that is put in the garbage inlet A water supply means is provided, and a trap is provided in the middle of the transport pipe to prevent odors and microorganisms from entering the room, or a sealing lid is provided at the junction between the garbage input port and the transport pipe. And
The garbage processing tank is composed of a watertight container with a hermetically sealed lid made of a corrosion-resistant material, and a microbial implantation and culture layer formed by laying small gravel or porous ceramic on the bottom of the container in a certain layer thickness. When, with the landing-culture layer portion upper in crushed stone or boulder the formed laid a constant layer thickness of the moisture permeable layer of, a garbage receiving portion formed above the transmission layer part in Configured,
The drainage means, the a water collecting portion located below the transparent layer portion collects the transmitted moisture transmission layer part, it is composed of a drain pipe for guiding the moisture that has entered into said population water unit to the sewerage Garbage disposal facilities, each characterized by The garbage disposal facility according to claim 1, wherein the garbage disposal tank is provided with a ventilation means. The garbage disposal facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the garbage disposal tank is provided with a heat retaining means. The garbage disposal facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drainage means includes an overflow pipe that rises at a certain height in the garbage disposal tank.

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