JP3259775B2 - Sludge decomposition equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for eliminating sludge settled in a septic tank or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, sewage treatment devices are installed independently in apartment buildings, schools, hospitals, stores, factories, etc. in areas where sewerage facilities are not fully equipped, and the discharged wastewater and factory wastewater are treated. After that, they are released into rivers. The sewage treatment apparatus 1 guides waste water 2 from a kitchen, bath, lavatory, toilet, or the like to a sludge sedimentation tank 3 as shown in FIG. 4, for example, where the sludge 4 contained in the waste water 2 is precipitated. ,
The wastewater 2 is guided to the primary aeration tank 5 and is blown by the blower 5.
The air 6 is supplied from the bottom side of the wastewater to decompose organic substances contained in the wastewater 2 by microorganisms.

[0003] After that, the wastewater 2 is guided to a secondary aeration tank 7 and air 6 is similarly supplied from the bottom side to decompose organic substances contained in the wastewater 2 by microorganisms. Next, the suspended sludge 4 was led to the precipitating solution tank 8 to settle, and then the supernatant was disinfected with a chemical solution 9 such as chlorine and then discharged outside. Further, since the sludge 4 precipitated in the precipitating solution tank 8 contains a large amount of microorganisms that decompose organic substances, it is pumped up by the pump 10 and returned to the secondary aeration tank 7.

However, the sludge sedimentation tank 3 into which the wastewater 2 first flows in contains a large amount of sludge 4, and most of the sludge is settled here, so that the sludge 4 gradually accumulates in the tank. Usually, the size of the sludge sedimentation tank 3 is designed according to the amount of wastewater. However, since the sludge 4 accumulates, it is necessary to periodically remove the sludge. Conventionally, a waste disposal company pumps up the sludge 4 deposited in the sludge sedimentation tank 3 using a vacuum car, transports it to a disposal site, and performs landfill disposal or incineration.

[0005] In order to maintain the operation of the sewage treatment apparatus 1 under the optimum conditions, the sludge 4 inevitably accumulates.
Must be removed on a regular basis, which requires enormous costs for collection, transportation, and disposal. Not only is the burden of maintenance and disposal costs for installers, but also local governments have issues such as securing disposal sites. There was a need for countermeasures.

Food residues (garbage) from general households, hotels, restaurants, hospitals or catering centers, food factories, etc. are generally collected by garbage trucks and incinerated at garbage incineration plants, or Landfill at a waste disposal site. However, garbage such as wastes and leftovers produced during cooking of vegetables, meat, fish, etc. cannot be incinerated alone due to its high moisture content.
In recent years, there is also a shortage of landfill sites, and it is desired that facilities that discharge garbage dispose of it at the site.

[0007] For this reason, various treatment apparatuses have been developed that can be used in facilities that discharge a large amount of food residues. For example, an apparatus for producing compost by fermenting and decomposing food residues has been developed. In this fermentation decomposition method, a food residue is fermented with an aerobic microorganism as a main component and composted, and the obtained compost is effectively used as a soil conditioner. However, in the method of composting, depending on the type of food residue, fermentation is not possible, and it may rot and produce a bad smell.

[0008] The produced compost is temporarily removed from the treatment tank.
If it is not discharged, the next processing cannot be performed, and selling compost produced as a product requires complicated labor such as packing, storage, and transportation, and it is sold at facilities such as schools, hospitals, hotels, and restaurants. Since it is difficult to establish a route for composting, disposal of manufactured compost has become a problem.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and uses a small-sized apparatus to eliminate sludge settled in a sewage treatment apparatus and to eliminate the discharged food residue as it is on site. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sludge decomposing / treating apparatus in which the labor for collecting, transporting, and disposing of sludge and food residues is reduced and the cost is reduced.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sludge decomposing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a heating means such as a hot water pipe or a heating wire is provided inside a cylindrical decomposition processing tank having a side wall formed of a porous metal plate. And filling with flooring made of wood chips,
An inlet pipe for supplying sludge by a pump into the tank is connected to the upper part of the decomposition tank, and a drain pipe for discharging treated wastewater to the outside is attached to the bottom of the decomposition tank. The sludge attached and impregnated and held in the floor material is digested and decomposed by aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms in contact with the atmosphere.

A sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the particle size of the floor material made of wood chips is 0.2 to 5 mm. Further, the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that the side wall of the decomposition treatment tank is double-formed with a porous metal plate, and the heating means is spirally arranged between the side walls.

In the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a diffusion pipe having a large number of water passage holes is provided at the end of an introduction pipe provided at an upper part of the decomposition treatment tank, inside the floor material. It is characterized by being buried and attached. Further, the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that a floor material made of wood chips holds aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, 12
Is a sludge decomposition treatment device, which is installed near the sewage treatment device 1 as shown in FIG. This sludge decomposition treatment device 12 is connected to an introduction pipe 13 inserted to the bottom side of the sludge sedimentation tank 3 of the sewage treatment device 1 and has a pump 1 at its lower end.
4 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the internal structure of the sludge decomposition treatment device 12 is such that the decomposition treatment tank 15 is formed of a stainless steel plate or the like in a cylindrical shape, and the outer side wall 16 is formed of a cylindrical porous metal plate. An inner side wall 17 formed of a cylindrical porous metal plate is provided at intervals on the inner side to form a double tube structure. The introduction pipe 13 is a cover plate 1 of a decomposition treatment tank 15.
8 and is guided into the tank.
Is connected. The lower end and side walls of the diffusion pipe 19 are formed of a porous metal plate.

An outer side wall 16 formed of a perforated metal plate
A spiral hot water pipe 20 is provided in a cylindrical space between the inner side wall 17 and the inner pipe 17, and its inflow pipe and drain pipe are connected to an external hot water boiler (not shown). A helical electric heater 21 is provided below the diffusion pipe 19 on the center side of the decomposition tank 15, and is drawn out of the tank and connected to a power source 23 via a switch 22. Further, a temperature sensor 24 is provided in the tank, and is provided with a controller 26.
It is connected to the.

The bottom plate 27 of the decomposition tank 15 is inclined toward the center, and a drain pipe 28 is connected to the center. The drain pipe 28 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 29 serving as a water stop valve. The electromagnetic valve 29 is connected to the controller 26, and the electromagnetic valve 29 is controlled by a timer in conjunction with the operation of the pump 14, and the drain valve 28 is drained. The tube 28 is shut off. The drain pipe 28 is connected to the sewage treatment apparatus 1 as shown in FIG.
Is returned to the secondary aeration tank 7 to return the treated wastewater. The configuration of the sewage treatment apparatus 1 is the same as that in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inside of the decomposition treatment tank 15 is filled with a floor material 30 which becomes a house for bacteria. As the floor material 30, for example, a porous wood chip such as a cedar chip or a cypress chip is preferable. The floor material 30 is obtained by pulverizing raw wood to remove a powder portion, and its particle size is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 5 mm. In this case, the particle size is 0.
If it is less than 2 mm, clogging is likely to occur as a filtering material, and the gap between the flooring materials 30 is narrowed so that the flooring material 30 does not come into contact with the outside air, thereby inhibiting the activity of aerobic bacteria. On the other hand, if the particle size exceeds 5 mm, the surface area per unit volume becomes small, so that the sludge 4 cannot have a sufficient water retention ability and decomposition ability. Particularly, the particle size is most preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.

The perforated metal plate forming the outer side wall 16 and the inner side wall 17 may be a punched metal, a wire mesh, a lath material, or the like. The ventilation hole of the outer side wall 16 preferably has an average diameter of about 10 to 15 mm. 17 preferably has a slightly smaller average diameter of about 5 to 8 mm.

The diffusion pipe 19 connected to the tip of the introduction pipe 13 is buried several tens cm deep from the upper surface of the filled flooring 30, and is uniformly dispersed when the sludge 4 is injected into the decomposition tank 15. At the same time as preventing the entrainment of air. It is preferable that the water holes of the porous metal plate constituting the side wall of the diffusion pipe 19 have an average diameter of about 10 to 16 mm.

Next, a method of treating the sludge 4 of the sewage treatment apparatus 1 by the above apparatus will be described. The wastewater 2 contains about 3 to 5% of sludge 4, which first flows into the sludge settling tank 3 of the sewage treatment apparatus 1, where most of the sludge is settled, and the sludge 4 gradually enters the tank. It accumulates. When the sludge 4 accumulates in the tank, for example, once every 1 to 4 days, the pump 1
4 is operated to pump up the sludge 4 and to lead it into the decomposition treatment tank 15 through the introduction pipe 13. At this time, the controller 26 keeps the solenoid valve 29 open.

The amount of the sludge 4 to be supplied is preferably in a range where the sludge 4 is 2 to 5 parts by volume with respect to 10 parts by volume of the floor material 30. The sludge 4 supplied through the introduction pipe 13 is filled with floor material 30 filled from the side and bottom of the diffusion pipe 19 connected to the tip.
Spill out into Since the diffusion pipe 19 is buried several tens of cm deep from the upper surface of the flooring material 30, it spreads throughout while permeating the flooring material 30 while preventing air from being entrained, and is impregnated and retained therein.

In this case, the decomposition tank 15 is provided on the outer side wall 16.
And the inner side wall 17 is formed of a perforated plate and communicates with the outside air. However, since the sludge 4 is supplied and impregnated in an amount smaller than the entire water holding capacity of the floor material 30, the sludge 4 It is retained and does not flow out.

When a predetermined amount of sludge 4 has been injected, the pump 14 is stopped, and after a while, the solenoid valve 29 is closed. Thereafter, hot water is supplied to the spiral hot water pipe 20 and the spiral electric heater 21 is energized to heat the sludge 4 impregnated and held in the flooring 30. The temperature of the hot water pipe 20 and the electric heater 21 is set to about 40 ° C. to heat the sludge 4.

An aerobic microorganism and an anaerobic microorganism are breeding in the sludge 4 in the sludge sedimentation tank 3, and when the sludge 4 containing these microorganisms is adsorbed on the porous floor material 30, it becomes a dwelling house. Then, the organic matter contained in the sludge 4 is fermented and decomposed and propagated. When the fermentation of the sludge 4 proceeds in about 4 hours and the temperature rises to about 40 ° C., this is detected by the temperature sensor 24, and the supply of hot water and the supply of electricity are stopped. Thereafter, the self-fermentation further proceeds, the temperature rises to 50 to 70 ° C., and the decomposition proceeds rapidly to be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.

In the apparatus of the present invention, when the sludge 4 is impregnated, the gap between the flooring materials 30 is filled with the sludge 4, and in this state, it is shut off from the outside air and the activity of the anaerobic microorganisms becomes active. Furthermore, when the sludge 4 flows down and the water gradually evaporates, a gap is generated between the granular flooring materials 30. Since the floor material 30 is filled in the cylindrical decomposition treatment tank 15 having the outer side wall 16 and the inner side wall 17 formed of a perforated metal plate, outside air flows through the perforated metal plate, and the granular floor material 30 The outside air flows in through the gap, and the surface of the floor material 30 comes into contact with oxygen, and the activity of the aerobic microorganisms becomes active.

As described above, the inside of the decomposition treatment tank 15 formed of a perforated metal plate is filled with the floor material 30 made of wood chips, and the sludge 4 is impregnated and held therein, thereby preventing runoff from the side wall. However, an activity environment most suitable for the aerobic microorganisms and the anaerobic microorganisms is formed, and the organic matter contained in the sludge 4 can be efficiently decomposed into carbon dioxide and water and eliminated.

In the state where the floor material 30 is held,
In about 2 to 24 hours, the sludge 4 decomposes into carbon dioxide and water and disappears. When the sludge 4 accumulates in the sludge settling tank 3, the pump 14 is again operated to pump up the sludge 4, guide the sludge 4 into the decomposition treatment tank 15 through the introduction pipe 13, and simultaneously open the electromagnetic valve 29. As a result, the water retained in the floor material 30 passes through the drain pipe 28 and passes through the secondary aeration layer 7 of the sewage treatment apparatus 1.
Is returned to. In addition, the sludge 4 is sent in from the upper side together with the drainage of the water held in the flooring 30.
After the pump 14 has been operated for a predetermined time, the solenoid valve 29 is closed when the decomposed water is completely drained, and the same operation is repeated.

The side wall of the decomposition tank 15 has a double structure of an outer side wall 16 and an inner side wall 17 formed of a porous metal plate, and a helical hot water pipe 20 is provided therebetween. It becomes an adiabatic heat insulating layer, and can prevent the temperature of the sludge 4 from decreasing even in a season when the outside air temperature is low. Therefore, when installing in a place where the outside air temperature is high, a structure having only the outer side wall 16 may be used.

[0029]

EXAMPLE The capacity of the decomposition tank 15 was set to 150 liters, and 140 liters of cedar chips as the floor material 30 were filled therein. The particle size distribution of this cedar chip is 0.2-1
mm is about 30%, 1-2mm is about 30%,
A 4 mm chip filled about 40% of the chips. The human waste and household wastewater discharged from the office into the sludge decomposition treatment device 12 were sent to the wastewater treatment device 1, and 40 liters of the BOD257 sludge 4 precipitated in the sludge sedimentation tank 3 were supplied to the decomposition treatment tank 15. . After heating in this state with the hot water pipe 20 and the electric heater 21 for 4 hours, the heating was stopped and
Treated for 0 hours. When the BOD of the water after this treatment was measured, it was reduced to 9.

The sludge sedimentation tank 3 of the sewage treatment apparatus 1 for treating livestock manure in a pig farm using the same decomposition treatment tank 15 as described above.
40 liters of BOD 1650 sludge 4 precipitated in the
It was supplied to the decomposition treatment tank 15 to perform the treatment. As a result,
When the BOD of the water after the treatment was measured, it was lowered to 58.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. A disposer 33 is attached to a waste water pipe 32 of a sink 31 installed in a cooking place, and this is connected to a sludge settling tank 3. An introduction pipe 13 is inserted into the sludge settling tank 3, and is connected to a sludge decomposition treatment device 12 via a pump 14. The configuration of the sludge decomposition treatment device 12 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, but aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms are added to the floor material 30 filled in the decomposition treatment tank 15 in advance.

In this apparatus, raw garbage generated during cooking is pulverized into a slurry by a disposer 33 and sent to a sludge settling tank 3, where the sludge 4 is introduced by a pump 14 into an inlet pipe 13.
And supplied to the sludge decomposition treatment device 12, where the microorganisms can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water and eliminated.

【The invention's effect】

As described above, according to the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the small-sized apparatus does not pump up the sludge settled in the sewage treatment apparatus, and the discharged food residue is directly used on site. Since the sludge can be eliminated, it is possible to reduce the disposal cost by eliminating the trouble of collecting, transporting and disposing of sludge.

The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 2 is
Since the particle size of the flooring made of wood chips is 0.2 to 5 mm, it is possible to prevent clogging with sludge, and to secure a volume necessary for a microorganism and a sufficient surface area for contact with oxygen. it can.

The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 3 is
Since the side wall of the decomposition treatment tank is double-formed with a perforated metal plate and the heating means is helically arranged between the side walls, the fermentation can be promoted since it has an adiabatic heat retention function even in a place where the outside air temperature is low.

The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 4 is
At the end of the introduction pipe provided at the top of the decomposition tank, a diffusion pipe with a large number of water holes was embedded and installed inside the floor material, so that the entire sludge was prevented while preventing air entrapment. It can be spread and spread uniformly on the floor material to impregnate and retain water.

Further, the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
Since aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms are held on the flooring made of wood chips, sludge obtained by disintegrating garbage produced during cooking into a slurry with a disposer can be efficiently decomposed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a system for decomposing sludge of a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention with a sludge decomposition processing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a system for processing sludge of garbage crushed by a disposer in a sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional sewage treatment apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sewage treatment apparatus 2 Wastewater 3 Sludge settling tank 4 Sludge 5 Primary aeration tank 6 Air 7 Secondary aeration tank 8 Precipitating chemical liquid tank 12 Sludge decomposition processing apparatus 13 Introducing pipe 14 Pump 15 Decomposition processing tank 16 External side wall 17 Internal side wall 18 Diffusion pipe Reference Signs List 20 hot water pipe 21 electric heater 24 temperature sensor 26 controller 28 drain pipe 29 solenoid valve 30 flooring material 31 sink 33 disposer

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C02F 11/02 B09B 3/00, 5/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tubular decomposition processing tank having a side wall formed of a porous metal plate, a heating means such as a hot water pipe or a heating wire is provided, and a floor material made of wood chips is filled therein. An inlet pipe for supplying sludge into the tank by a pump is connected to an upper part of the tank, and a drain pipe for discharging the treated wastewater to the outside is attached to the bottom of the decomposition tank, and a water stop valve is attached to the drain pipe. A sludge decomposition treatment apparatus characterized in that sludge impregnated and held in floor material is digested and decomposed by aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms in contact with the atmosphere. 2. The floor material made of wood chips has a particle size of 0.2.
The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sludge decomposition treatment apparatus has a thickness of 5 mm or less. 3. The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the side walls of the decomposition treatment tank are formed of a double-walled porous metal plate, and the heating means is spirally arranged between the side walls. 4. A diffusion pipe having a large number of water holes buried inside a floor material and attached to a tip of an introduction pipe provided at an upper part of the decomposition treatment tank. The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1. 5. The sludge decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an aerobic microorganism and an anaerobic microorganism are held on a flooring made of wood chips.