JP3643396B2 - wrench - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a wrench.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When attaching a tool such as an end mill to a machine tool such as a machining center, a tool holder having a conical socket shape is used. This tool holder has a mechanical chuck such as a collet chuck and has a structure in which a tool is fixed by tightening a nut member around the chuck.
[0003]
Conventionally, in this kind of tool holder, in order to tighten or loosen the nut member, as shown in FIG. 9, a frame body 51 that surrounds the fastening space S in a circular shape, and an operation lever portion 52 provided in the frame body 51. May be used. In the wrench 53, a plurality of rolling wedges 55 made of needle rollers or the like are held on the inner peripheral portion of the fastening space S in the frame 51. By rotating the wrench 53 in the forward direction, the rolling wedges 55 become cam grooves. The rolling wedge 55 is moved in the diameter increasing direction by moving in the diameter reducing direction along (not shown) and reversely rotating the wrench 53.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Unlike the spanner or the like, the wrench 53 described above is excellent in that it is not necessary to provide a hook recess or a hexagonal edge on the tool holder side. Therefore, the structure according to the wrench 53 is not limited to use for a tool holder, and can be used in a wide variety of aspects (for example, it can be used for ordinary nuts and bolts).
[0005]
However, the conventional wrench 53 has an endless annular shape with the frame 51. Therefore, for example, when this wrench 53 structure is used to connect the drain pipes, it is necessary to move the wrench 53 corresponding to at least one drain pipe after the wrench 53 is externally fitted to the drain pipe. There is. In addition, after the connection of the drain pipe (pipe work) is completed, the wrench 53 cannot be fitted to the drain pipe in the middle of the pipe, and therefore the drain pipe cannot be loosened or tightened. That is, the wrench 53 is not suitable for fastening work such as connecting a drain pipe.
[0006]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the conventional wrench 53 press-fits an endless annular retainer 57 provided with an exposure window 56 for rotatably holding each rolling wedge 55 inside the frame 51 ( The retainer 57 is configured so that it cannot be escaped by a retaining ring 58 fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the frame 51. For this reason, it is difficult to press-fit the retainer 57 (manual assembly is impossible), and high precision is required to form the circumferential groove 59 for the retaining ring 58 in the frame 51. This has led to troublesome and high costs.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a wrench that can expand versatility in terms of use, can be easily manufactured, and can reduce manufacturing costs. Objective.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the following technical means are taken. That is, the present invention has a frame that encloses a virtual circular fastening space and an operating lever portion provided on the frame, and the inner peripheral portion around the fastening space in the frame is reduced in diameter when rotating forward. in wrench rotating body wedge is held via the rolling body holding plate to move to expanded direction upon movement reverses to, the frame is divided into a main body frame and the opening and closing frame in its circumferential direction, the rolling The body holding plate is divided into a rolling holding plate on the body frame side and a rolling body holding plate on the opening and closing frame side in the circumferential direction, and the body holding plate on the body frame side is attached to the body frame by a side plate. The rolling element holding plate on the opening / closing frame side is attached to the opening / closing frame by a side plate, and the opening / closing frame is swingably connected to the main body frame so as to open and close the fastening space.
[0009]
The main body frame and the open / close frame include a frame bone portion formed in an arc shape, a rolling element holding plate that is in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the frame bone portion, and a space between the frame bone portion and the rolling element holding plate. And a pair of side plates that are attached to both side surfaces of the frame bone portion and sandwich and hold the rolling member holding plate.
[0010]
[Action]
Since the main body frame and the open / close frame are connected to each other so that the frame body can be opened and closed, the frame body can be fitted to and removed from an object to be fastened (for example, a drain pipe) with the open / close frame open.
In the main body frame and the opening / closing frame, the rolling member holding plate is sandwiched between a pair of side plates. Unlike the conventional retainer, this rolling retainer plate is not cylindrical (endless), and can be easily attached to the frame bone.
[0011]
Further, the use of the pair of side plates eliminates the need for a retaining ring, which has been conventionally required, and simplifies the structure by eliminating the need to form a circumferential groove for fitting.
[0012]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 8 show a wrench 1 according to the present invention, 2 is a frame body, and 3 is an operation lever portion.
In this wrench 1, an annular frame body 2 formed so as to surround a virtual circular fastening space S is divided into a main body frame 4 and an opening / closing frame 5 in the circumferential direction thereof (see FIG. 2). Both are connected through a hinge portion 7 (see FIG. 3) so as to be swingable. A lock operation unit 8 connects the main body frame 4 and the opening / closing frame 5 in a closed state.
[0013]
The main body frame 4 and the open / close frame 5 are formed so as to occupy a substantially semicircular circumference, and the main body frame 4 is formed integrally with the operation lever portion 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the main body frame 4 includes a frame bone portion 10 formed in an arc shape, a rolling element holding plate 11 that is in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the frame bone portion 10, and the frame bone portion 10. A plurality of rolling wedges 12 rotatably held between the rolling member holding plates 11 and a pair of side plates 14 and 15 attached to both side surfaces of the frame bone portion 10 are provided.
[0014]
The rolling wedge 12 is made of a needle roller, and the rolling holding plate 11 can hold a plurality of rolling wedges 12 with each half surface exposed as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. The exposed windows 21 thus formed are formed with openings at predetermined intervals.
The side plates 14 and 15 are provided with circumferential grooves 18 and 19 into which the rolling member holding plate 11 can be fitted, close to the radially inner edges of the inner surfaces facing each other. The side plates 14 and 15 are screwed to the frame 10 (see reference numeral 20 in FIG. 1), and can be moved while sandwiching the rolling element holding plate 11 in this screwed state. Hold.
[0015]
When the side plates 14 and 15 having the circumferential grooves 18 and 19 are made of sheet metal, the side plates 14 and 15 can be easily and at once manufactured, for example, by pressing.
In addition, the longitudinal direction both ends of the said rolling element holding | maintenance board 11 are bent toward radial direction outward (refer FIG. 2). Therefore, when the rolling element holding plate 11 moves along the circumferential grooves 18 and 19 of the side plates 14 and 15, the moving range is limited so that it does not escape.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 6, cam grooves 23 corresponding to the respective rolling wedges 12 are formed in the frame bone portion 10 as shown in FIG. 6. The cam groove 23 has a shape in which one in the circumferential direction is shallow and the other is deep. When the rolling wedge 12 is positioned in a deep portion of the cam groove 23, the rolling wedge 12 is accommodated in a state of hardly protruding from the rolling member holding plate 11, and the rolling wedge 12 is stored in the cam groove 23. The amount of protrusion from the rolling element holding plate 11 is gradually increased by moving toward the shallower portion.
[0017]
Thus, the rolling wedge 12 moves in the diameter reducing direction or the diameter expanding direction as the rolling element holding plate 11 moves in the circumferential direction with respect to the frame bone portion 10. The circumferential movement of the rolling element holding plate 11 is performed by rolling of the rolling element wedge 12 itself.
Since the frame 10 does not include a circumferential groove or the like (see reference numeral 59 in FIG. 10) that requires high accuracy, it can be easily manufactured by casting or the like.
[0018]
On the other hand, the opening / closing frame 5 has substantially the same structure as the main body frame 4. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a frame bone portion 28 formed in an arc shape, a rolling element holding plate 29 that is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the frame bone portion 28, and the frame bone portion 28 and the rolling element holding A plurality of rolling wedges 30 that are rotatably held between the plates 29 and a pair of side plates 31 and 32 attached to both side surfaces of the frame bone portion 28 are provided.
[0019]
Since the structure and operation of each part in the opening / closing frame 5 are the same as in the case of the main body frame 4, detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 2, the lock operating portion 8 includes a bifurcated portion 35 provided at an end of the main body frame 4 opposite to the hinge portion 7, and an open / close frame so that the bifurcated portion 35 can be fitted. 5 has a lock receiving piece 37 having a collar portion 36 at the tip thereof, and a lock bolt 38 fitted to the main body frame 4 so as to penetrate the bifurcated portion 35. .
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 7, the lock bolt 38 is provided with an operation lever 40 on one end side, and formed with a circumferential groove 42 for fitting a retaining ring (see reference numeral 41 in FIG. 2) on the other end side. In addition, a half-moon trunk 43 formed by cutting out about half of the peripheral meat is formed in the central portion of the shaft portion. When the lock bolt 38 is inserted into the bifurcated portion 35 of the main body frame 4, the half-moon trunk 43 crosses the crotch portion in an exposed state.
[0021]
In the lock bolt 38, two positioning recesses 45 and 46 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft near the operation lever 40 at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the positioning balls 47 are pressed and urged by the springs 48 toward the outer peripheral surface of the lock bolt 38 (formation portions of the positioning recesses 45 and 46). 49 is a set screw.
[0022]
That is, the combination of the positioning recesses 45 and 46 and the positioning ball 47 constitutes a two-position stop structure by ball push. Therefore, when the lock bolt 38 is rotated with the lock receiving piece 37 of the opening / closing frame 5 fitted in the bifurcated portion 35 of the main body frame 4, the positioning ball 47 matches one of the positioning recesses 45, 46. Sometimes, the meniscus 43 of the lock bolt 38 and the flange 36 of the lock receiving piece 37 are engaged or released.
[0023]
In order to assemble the wrench 1 thus configured, the rolling wedge 12 and the rolling member holding plate 11 are held by attaching the side plates 14 and 15 to the frame part 10 of the main body frame 4, and the opening / closing frame 5 By attaching the side plates 31 and 32 to the frame bone portion 28, the rolling wedge 30 and the rolling member holding plate 29 are held. Then, the main body frame 4 and the opening / closing frame 5 may be connected by the hinge portion 7, and the lock operation portion 8 may be assembled to the main body frame 4.
[0024]
As described above, the assembling work is a manual work and can be performed very easily.
Further, when the wrench 1 is used, for example, for connecting a drain pipe (not shown), the open / close frame 5 is opened with respect to the main body frame 4, and the open / close frame 5 is brought into contact with the drain pipe. Close. And the lock operation part 8 is made into a locked state.
If the operation lever portion 3 is rotated forward in this state, the rolling wedges 12 and 30 roll on their own and move to a shallow portion of the cam groove 23 (see FIG. 6) to hold the drain pipe in a reduced diameter. This can be rotated in the positive direction (screw fastening). If the operation lever portion 3 is reversed, the rolling wedges 12 and 30 move to a deep portion of the cam groove 23 (see FIG. 6), so that the drain pipe can be released.
[0025]
Needless to say, if the same operation is performed with the wrench 1 facing away from the above, the drain pipe can be rotated in the reverse direction (screw relaxation).
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
For example, in the rolling wedges 12 and 30, the diameter, the number used, the arrangement pitch, the material, etc. are not limited at all. Further, the rolling wedges 12 and 30 can be balls.
[0026]
In the main body frame 4 and the open / close frame 5, the circumferential length occupied by them is not limited. For example, the main body frame 4 and / or the open / close frame 5 can be further divided into two or more parts.
In addition, the structures of the hinge part 7 and the lock operation part 8, and the attachment structures of the side plates 14, 15, 32, 32 are not limited in any way.
The operation lever portion 3 may be provided with respect to the opening / closing frame 5. Moreover, the shape, the number, etc. are not limited (for example, it is also possible to project the operation lever part 3 radially with respect to the frame 2 radially outward).
[0027]
The materials and manufacturing methods of the main body frame 4 and the opening / closing frame 5, the side plates 14, 15, 32, 32, etc. are not limited to those described above. For example, if the object to be fastened does not require a strong fastening force, or is small, or places importance on hygiene or non-conductivity, a resin or the like can be used as the material.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the above-described configuration. In the frame body, since the main body frame and the opening / closing frame are swingably connected, the opening / closing frame can be opened and the frame body can be fitted and removed. it can. Therefore, even if the object to be fastened is a long body such as a drain pipe, it is not necessary to move the wrench over the entire length of the fastened object.
[0029]
That is, the work can be performed efficiently as much, and the drainage pipe in the middle of the pipe can be loosened or tightened even after the drainage pipe connection (pipework) is completed, for example.
On the other hand, in the main body frame and the opening / closing frame, if the rolling body holding plate is sandwiched between the pair of side plates, not only can they be easily assembled, but also the side plates and the frame frame can be easily manufactured. Therefore, manufacturing can be facilitated and manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a wrench according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the wrench shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken along line AA in FIG. 1;
4 is an enlarged view taken along line BB in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view showing a part of the main body frame with a side plate removed.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a lock bolt.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part showing an operation state of the lock bolt.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional wrench.
10 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line DD of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wrench 2 Frame 3 Operation lever part 4 Main body frame 5 Opening / closing frame 10 Frame bone part (main body frame)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Rolling body holding plate 12 Rolling body wedges 14 and 15 Side plate 28 Frame bone part (opening-closing frame)
29 Rolling body holding plate 30 Rolling body wedges 31 and 32 Side plate S Fastening space

Claims (2)

It has a frame (2) surrounding the virtual circular fastening space (S) and an operating lever part (3) provided on the frame (2), and is around the fastening space (S) in the frame (2). In the wrench in which the rolling wedges (12) and (30) that move in the diameter reducing direction at the time of forward rotation and move in the diameter increasing direction at the time of reverse rotation are held on the inner peripheral portion of the inner circumference portion via a rolling element holding plate ,
The said frame (2) is divided | segmented into the main body frame (4) and the opening-and-closing frame (5) in the circumferential direction , The said rolling body holding plate is the rolling body holding plate of the main body frame (4) side in the circumferential direction. (11) and a rolling member holding plate (29) on the opening / closing frame (5) side, and the rolling member holding plate (11) on the main body frame (4) side is separated from the main body frame (4) by a side plate. The rolling holding plate (29) on the side of the opening / closing frame (5) is attached to the opening / closing frame (5) by a side plate, and the opening / closing frame (5) is a fastening space (S) with respect to the main body frame (4). A wrench characterized by being swingably connected to open and close the door. The body frame (4) and the open / close frame (5) are in contact with the frame bone portions (10) and (28) formed in an arc shape and the inner peripheral surfaces of the frame bone portions (10) and (28). The rolling element holding plates (11) and (29), and the rolling element wedges (12) (12) (which are rotatably held between the frame bone portions (10) and (28) and the rolling element holding plates (11) and (29)). 30) and a pair of side plates (14, 15) (31, 32) attached to both side surfaces of the frame (10), (28) and holding the rolling element holding plates (11), (29). The wrench according to claim 1, wherein the wrench is provided.

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