JP3643340B2 - Waste sorting equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for sorting various types of waste mixed with combustible materials and incombustible materials.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When dissimilar materials such as construction waste and industrial waste are combined, or when processing waste containing large waste materials, in order to separate the combined dissimilar materials and make large waste materials fine, These wastes are crushed in advance using a crusher or the like, and further, these crushed wastes are sorted into combustible and incombustible materials by a sorting device. In addition, as for general waste, a mixture of combustible and incombustible materials is applied to a sorting device.
[0003]
An example of a waste sorting apparatus that sorts this kind of combustible material and non-combustible material is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-269737. As shown in FIG. 5, this waste sorting apparatus is divided into an upper chamber 52 and a lower chamber 53 by a perforated plate 51 and extends in the front-rear direction, and a vibration means 55 that vibrates the casing 54. A blower 57 for supplying air to an air supply port 56 provided in the lower chamber 53, and an exhauster 60 for sucking air from a suction hood 58 provided on the ceiling of the upper chamber 52 via a collector 59. A waste supply port 61 is provided on the front end side of the chamber 52, and sorted waste discharge ports 62 and 63 are provided on the rear end side of the upper chamber 52 and the bottom of the lower chamber 53, respectively.
[0004]
The casing 54 is supported on a machine base 65 mounted on a base via a spring member 64 by a swing lever 66 and a compression coil spring 67 that are directed at right angles to each other, and is rotated by a motor 68. It is connected by a crank 69 pivotally supported by the machine base 65 and a lever 70 so that vibration is applied obliquely in the front-rear direction.
[0005]
Waste containing a mixture of combustible and incombustible materials introduced into the casing 54 from the supply port 61 moves on the perforated plate 51 toward the discharge port 62 due to vibration applied by the vibration means 55. At this time, incombustibles such as pebbles and sand that are fine and have a large specific gravity fall into the lower chamber 53 from the holes of the perforated plate 51. Remaining non-combustible materials such as stones and combustible materials such as wood pieces, plastic pieces, and paper pieces are supplied to the air supply port 56 and blown up from the holes of the perforated plate 51, and vibration of the casing 54. Thus, the combustible material with a small specific gravity is separated into two layers so that the incombustible material with a large specific gravity becomes the lower layer.
[0006]
Fine incombustibles that have fallen into the lower chamber 53 are discharged from the discharge port 63 at the bottom, and the combustible material separated into the upper layer in the upper chamber 52 is sucked into the suction hood 58 on the ceiling, and is collected by the collector. Only the remaining large incombustible material is discharged from the discharge port 62.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the waste sorting apparatus as described above, the air hitting the outer wall surface is moved in accordance with the vibration of the casing, and a low-frequency pneumatic vibration is generated. This low-frequency pneumatic vibration may reach a distance of 2 kilometers or more, and is a source of so-called low-frequency vibration pollution.
[0008]
As a technique for suppressing low-frequency pneumatic vibration accompanying vibration of this type of casing, there is a technique in which a lattice-shaped inclined through hole is provided on the outer wall in the vibration direction of a sieve body that vibrates in a horizontal direction for a vibration sieve. (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-53178).
[0009]
However, the method of providing a through hole in the outer wall of the casing has a problem that the surrounding environment is deteriorated because dust or the like in the casing comes out. In the case of the above vibration sieve, in order to prevent this, a blocking plate that slopes downward is provided inside the outer wall. For this reason, in addition to the high cost for providing the grid-like inclined through holes, the cost for providing the blocking plate is added, and there is a problem that the casing becomes very expensive.
[0010]
Also, in the case of a casing that vibrates obliquely in the front-rear direction, as in the waste sorting apparatus described above, the outer wall of the ceiling and the bottom also moves the air, so that the lattice-shaped inclined through holes on the outer wall of such a casing It is necessary to devise a technique for preventing the jumping out of dust and the like.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a waste sorting device that prevents dust and the like in a casing from going out and that can suppress the occurrence of low-frequency pneumatic vibration at low cost.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a box-shaped casing that is partitioned into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a perforated plate and extends in the front-rear direction, and vibration means that vibrates the casing obliquely in the front-rear direction. And a means for supplying air to an air supply port provided in the lower chamber, and a means for sucking air from a suction hood provided in the ceiling of the upper chamber, and supplying waste to the front end side of the upper chamber In the waste sorting apparatus in which an outlet is provided, and a waste outlet for sorted waste is provided at the rear end side of the upper chamber and the bottom of the lower chamber, respectively, the ceiling, bottom, front end wall, and rear of the casing The structure which provided the dispersion member which has the unevenness | corrugation which disperse | distributes the air which hits this outer wall surface with the said vibration in at least any one outer wall surface of the end wall was employ | adopted.
[0013]
That is, by providing a dispersing member having irregularities on the outer wall surface of at least one of the ceiling, bottom, front end wall, and rear end wall of the casing that vibrates obliquely in the front-rear direction, air hitting the outer wall surface due to vibration Dispersed to prevent low frequency pneumatic vibration from reaching far away. This dispersive member is an outer wall surface facing the direction in which it is desired to prevent the propagation of the pneumatic vibration among the outer wall surfaces of the ceiling, bottom, front end wall and rear end wall of the casing, depending on the environment of the factory where the sorting apparatus is installed. Of course, it can also be provided on all these outer wall surfaces.
[0014]
As the dispersion member, a member having V-shaped corrugations can be adopted, and the dispersion member can be made very inexpensive.
[0015]
By tilting the outer wall surface of at least one of the ceiling, bottom, front end wall and rear end wall of the casing to the same side as the vibration direction of the casing, the generation area of the pneumatic vibration can be reduced, and these The movement of the air hitting the inclined outer wall surface can also be suppressed. Therefore, even if the outer wall faces the direction in which it is desired to prevent the propagation of the pneumatic vibration, the provision of the dispersing member can be omitted.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, this waste sorting apparatus is divided into an upper chamber 2 and a lower chamber 3 by a generally horizontal perforated plate 1 and extends in the front-rear direction, and a vibrating means for vibrating the casing 4. 5, a blower 8 that supplies air to each air supply port 6 provided in the lower chamber 3 via a flow rate control valve 7, and each suction hood 9 provided on the ceiling of the upper chamber 2 via a collector 10. A wind exhaust device 11 for sucking air, a waste supply port 12 is provided on the front end side of the upper chamber 2, and the sorted waste is disposed on the rear end side of the upper chamber 2 and the bottom of the lower chamber 3. Discharge ports 13 and 14 are provided.
[0017]
The casing 4 is supported by a swing lever 17 attached to a machine base 16 placed on a base via a spring member 15 and a compression coil spring 18 attached in a direction perpendicular thereto. Dispersing members 19 to be described later are provided on the ceiling of the casing 4 and the outer wall surfaces of the front and rear end walls.
[0018]
The vibration means 5 includes a crank 20 that is pivotally supported by the machine base 16, a motor 21 that drives a belt of the rotating shaft of the crank 20, and a pair of left and right levers 22 that connect the crank 20 and both sides of the casing 4. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 1, the casing 4 is vibrated obliquely in the front-rear direction.
[0019]
This sorter mainly sorts building waste, and the waste thrown in from the supply port 12 passes through a small waste material from which large waste material is separated and removed by a crusher of about 30 to 50 mm. It is crushed to a size to be recovered, and a metal such as iron or aluminum is recovered and removed from the crushed material using a magnetic separator or a non-ferrous metal separator. The waste pretreated in this way contains a lot of non-combustible materials such as concrete pieces, stones, pebbles, and sand, and a small amount of combustible materials such as wood pieces, plastic pieces, and paper pieces are mixed therein.
[0020]
Waste introduced into the casing 4 from the supply port 12 on the front end side moves to the rear end side on the perforated plate 1 by vibration applied by the vibration means 5. At this time, fine incombustible materials such as pebbles and sand fall into the lower chamber 3 from the holes of the perforated plate 1 and are discharged to the outside through the discharge port 14.
[0021]
On the other hand, the remaining non-combustible material such as concrete pieces and stones and combustible materials such as wood pieces, plastic pieces and paper pieces are supplied to the air supply port 6 and blown up from the holes of the perforated plate 1; Due to the vibration of the casing 4, the combustible material having a small specific gravity is separated into two layers so that the incombustible material having a large specific gravity is in the lower layer, and the combustible material that is easily floated separated in the upper layer is sucked into each suction hood 9 And discharged from the collector 10 to the outside. Further, the incombustible material separated into the lower layer moves to the rear end side of the casing 4 and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 13.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, a dispersion member 19 that disperses the air that comes into contact with the vibration of the casing 4 is provided on the outer wall surfaces of the ceiling, front end wall, and rear end wall (not shown) of the casing 4. The dispersion member 19 has V-shaped corrugations, and the air that strikes the uneven surface of the dispersion member 19 has its reflection direction dispersed right and left. For this reason, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3, the pneumatic vibration generated along with the vibration of the casing 4 progresses forward as a whole, but a component that spreads or travels in the opposite direction is formed. There is something that disappears, and the pneumatic vibration that reaches far away decreases.
[0023]
In this embodiment, the dispersion member 19 is provided on the ceiling of the casing 4 and the outer wall surfaces of the front and rear end walls, but when any of these outer wall surfaces faces a direction where there is no fear of low-frequency vibration pollution such as the sea, The dispersion member 19 can be omitted. Further, the dispersion member 19 may be provided on the outer wall surface of the bottom depending on the installation location and the installation form of the sorting device.
[0024]
Furthermore, the shape of the dispersion member 19 is not limited to a V shape, and may be other shapes such as an arc shape. Further, the number and size of the waveforms are arbitrary, and can be arranged at an appropriate interval. By dispersing the wall surface itself, the dispersion member 19 having irregularities can be formed.
[0025]
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment. In this sorting apparatus, the outer wall surfaces of the ceiling and the bottom of the casing 4 are inclined to the same side as the vibration direction indicated by the arrows in the figure, and the upper surface of the machine base 16 is inclined in accordance with this inclination, and the lower chamber 3 is provided at the front end side where the slope descends. The upper surface of the machine base 16 may be provided with a step.
[0026]
For this reason, the dispersion member 19 is not provided on the outer wall surface of the ceiling in which the direction in which the air hits in parallel with the vibration of the casing 4, and is provided only on the outer wall surface of the front end wall and the rear end wall. ing. The other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are therefore denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG.
[0027]
In this embodiment, the outer wall surfaces of the ceiling and bottom of the casing 4 are inclined to the same side as the vibration direction, but the outer wall surfaces of the front end wall and the rear end wall are inclined to the same side as the vibration direction, and the dispersion member 19 is It can be omitted.
[0028]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the dispersing member has a V-shaped corrugated unevenness, but the unevenness of the dispersing member is not limited to that of the embodiment, and may disperse air hitting the outer wall surface. That's fine.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes a dispersing member having irregularities on at least one of the outer wall surfaces of the ceiling, bottom, front end wall, and rear end wall of the casing that vibrates obliquely in the front-rear direction. Since the air hitting the outer wall surface is dispersed along with the vibration, the low frequency pneumatic vibration generated along with the vibration of the casing can be suppressed, and low frequency vibration pollution can be prevented at a low cost.
[0030]
Further, by inclining at least one outer wall surface of the ceiling, bottom, front end wall and rear end wall of the casing to the same side as the vibration direction of the casing, the generation area of the pneumatic vibration can be reduced. The movement of the air hitting the inclined outer wall surface can also be suppressed, and even if the outer wall surface faces the direction in which it is desired to prevent the propagation of pneumatic vibration, the provision of the dispersing member can be omitted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a waste sorting apparatus according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing a casing of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view showing a waste sorting apparatus according to a second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional waste sorting apparatus.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Perforated plate 2 Upper chamber 3 Lower chamber 4 Casing 5 Vibrating means 6 Air supply port 7 Flow control valve 8 Blower 9 Suction hood 10 Collector 11 Ventilator 12 Supply port 13, 14 Discharge port 15 Spring member 16 Machine base 17 Shaking Moving lever 18 Coil spring 19 Dispersing member 20 Crank 21 Motor 22 Lever

Claims (3)

A box-shaped casing which is partitioned into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a perforated plate and extends in the front-rear direction; vibration means for vibrating the casing in the front-rear direction at an angle; and air in an air supply port provided in the lower chamber And a means for sucking air from a suction hood provided on the ceiling of the upper chamber, and a waste supply port is provided on the front end side of the upper chamber. In a waste sorting apparatus provided with a discharge port for sorted waste at the bottom of the lower chamber, on the outer wall surface of at least one of the ceiling, bottom, front end wall, and rear end wall of the casing, A waste sorting apparatus comprising a dispersing member having irregularities for dispersing air striking the outer wall surface with vibration. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion member has V-shaped corrugations. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer wall surface of at least one of a ceiling, a bottom, a front end wall, and a rear end wall of the casing is inclined to the same side as a vibration direction of the casing.

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