JP3642399B2

JP3642399B2 - Underlayer cushioning material for waterproofing coating film and waterproofing method using the same

Info

Publication number: JP3642399B2
Application number: JP26403099A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 壮一井上; 幸一平岡; 弘重今津
Original assignee: Toyobo Co Ltd
Current assignee: Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority date: 1999-09-17
Filing date: 1999-09-17
Publication date: 2005-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2019-09-17
Also published as: JP2001090290A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、塗膜防水工事下張り緩衝材及び防水工事における塗膜防水工法、所謂脱気工法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から屋上などの防水工法としては、コンクリート躯体面に直接ウレタン系の塗膜防水材を塗布し、その上にウレタン系樹脂で固めた仕上げ層を施す密着防水工法や、速硬化性の吹き付け材料を２成分型高圧スプレーマシンで吹き付け施工する防水工法などがある。しかし、これらの防水工法は防水層塗膜を下地全面に接着させたもので、かつ表面に硬度の高い樹脂塗膜を組み合わせているため塗膜全体の柔軟性が乏しくなり、下地のクラックや目地の動きに対する追従性が不充分となるばかりか、下地に含まれる水分が温度の上昇によって水蒸気となり、部分的に防水層が下地より剥離し部分的に膨れ上がる、いわゆるフクレ現象によるトラブルが多発し、その改善が求められている。
【０００３】
この為、フクレ防止の一方策として下地層と防水膜間に通気層（脱気層）を設ける工法が開発され、その基材として不織布と樹脂発泡体の積層体や片面熱融着有孔不織布などが上市されている。しかしながら、これら下張り緩衝材を用いる工法はフクレ防止には効果があるものの、樹脂発泡体を一部に用いた場合、強度面で十分ではないため、樹脂発泡体層から破断される欠点があり、有孔不織布を使用する場合、塗膜防水材の粘度に適性範囲が限られ、品質面と施工面から種々の問題が生じてきた。即ち、品質面では塗膜防水材の粘度が低すぎた場合、塗膜防水材が主に下張り緩衝材の有孔部分の裁断面から通気層内まで浸透し、通気層が目詰まりし脱気効果が消失してしまう事や有孔部の塗膜防水材の陥没により表面平滑性の低下する事などの欠点があった。一方粘度が高すぎた場合、塗膜防水材の下張り緩衝材への含浸が不良となり下張り緩衝材の剥離抵抗が低下する欠点があった。施工面では、塗膜防水材が下張り緩衝材の有孔部分の裁断面から通気層内まで浸透しやすいため、均一な塗膜防水材の塗布に時間と手間がかかる事、当初設計した塗膜防水材の量よりも多く必要となりコスト高になることなどの問題があった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、前記欠点を解消し、塗膜防水工事に関して品位面では脱気作用が良好でフクレ現象が起こらず、表面平滑性に優れたものであり、施工面において塗膜防水材が下張り緩衝材の通気層内まで浸透し難く、均一な塗布が可能で施工性やコスト面に優れた塗膜防水工事用下張り緩衝材及び防水工法を提供するものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、少なくとも長繊維不織布層（Ａ）と合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）と不織布層（Ｃ）が一体化された積層体よりなり、該積層体は全層を連通する複数の孔を有し、かつ該孔周囲の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が９０％未満であり、孔周囲以外の前記Ｃ層の空隙率が９０〜９８％であることを特徴とする塗膜防水工事用下張り緩衝材である。
【０００６】
また、本発明は、下地にプライマーを塗布後、次いで接着剤を塗布し、前記下張り緩衝材の不織布層（Ｃ）の面を下側に向けて下張り緩衝材をはりつけた後、下張り緩衝材長繊維不織布層（Ａ）上に塗膜防水材を塗布し、下張り緩衝材の孔部分において塗膜防水材が下張り緩衝材上層の防水層と下地の間を連結させることを特徴とする防水工法である。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。本発明における少なくとも長繊維不織布層（Ａ）と合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）と不織布層（Ｃ）が一体化された積層体は、積層体全層を貫く複数の連通孔を有し、該連通孔の周囲の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が９０％未満であることが好ましい。この理由は、空隙率が９０％を超えると塗膜防水材が主に下張り緩衝材の有孔部分の裁断面から脱気層内まで浸透し、脱気層が目詰まりし脱気効果が著しく低下してしまう事や有孔部の塗膜防水材の陥没により表面平滑性の低下する為である。空隙率９０％未満である不織布層（Ｃ）は孔の裁断面から円周方向に形成させる必要があり、その形成範囲はＪＡＳＳ−８参考資料１．メンブレン防水層の性能評価試験方法「８．下地との間の通気抵抗試験」に従い行われる通気量が１７０ml/分以上となる範囲であればよい。通気量が１７０ml/分未満となるまで、空隙率９０％未満である不織布層（Ｃ）の形成範囲を広げてしまうと、目的とする脱気作用が不充分となりフクレ現象が発生し好ましくない。尚、不織布層（Ｃ）の緻密化の手段としては、積層体全層に連通孔を開孔時又はそれ以降の段階で孔周囲のみ溶融緻密化させても良いし、連通孔を開孔後に樹脂組成物を付与してもよく、特に限定されるものではない。
【０００８】
本発明における少なくとも長繊維不織布層（Ａ）と合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）と不織布層（Ｃ）が一体化された積層体全層を連通孔において、所謂孔の裁断面から円周方向に形成された空隙率９０％未満である不織布層（Ｃ）以外の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率は９０〜９８％であることが好ましい。この部分の空隙率が９０％未満になると不織布層（Ｃ）が全体として緻密化され、脱気能が低下し好ましくなく、９８％を超えると下張り緩衝材と下地との接着低下によるずれや圧縮歪が大きくなり好ましくないからである。
【０００９】
本発明に使用する長繊維不織布層（Ａ）は、塗膜防水層を補強し、且つ下張り緩衝材（遮水層）と強固に接着せしめる為に用いるものであり、その補強効果などから、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリアミド、ポリビニールアルコール、アクリル系合成繊維、又はこれら合成繊維の共重合体よりなる繊維等の汎用合繊繊維の長繊維不織布が好ましい。尚、ここで言う塗膜防水材層とは塗膜防水材が長繊維不織布層（Ａ）に含浸され且つ長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の上にも塗膜防水材よりなる防水膜が形成されている層をいう。
【００１０】
本発明における長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の目付は、２０〜２００g/m²であることが好ましい。この理由は長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の目付が２０g/m²未満であると、長繊維不織布層（Ｃ）が殆ど合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）内に埋没してしまい、本発明による長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の役割である塗膜防水材層を強固に該下張り緩衝材層に固定し層間剥離を防止せしめることが出来なくなり、その存在意義がなくなってしまう為である。
また、２００g/m²を超える場合、ＪＡＳＳ−８他の標準施工基準に従った施工条件で施工する際、該長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の中に大半の塗膜防水材が浸透してしまい、塗膜防水膜面を形成する塗膜防水材が不足し不織布構成繊維を塗膜防水層表面に突き出すこと無しに均質な塗膜防水膜面を形成できないのみならず、均質な塗膜防水層を得るためには塗膜防水材塗布量を増やして施工し過剰品質な防水層を形成せしめなければならなくなり、このため施工時の手間を著しく害し、コストを大幅に増大せしめる問題を生じさせるためである。
【００１１】
本発明における合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）は、厚みが１０〜３００μｍであることが好ましい。合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）の厚みが１０μｍ未満の場合、該フィルム層に課せられた役割である遮水及びバリアー性能を下張り緩衝材層に付与し、また長繊維不織布層（Ａ）と不織布層（Ｃ）と合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）の境界層の不織布構成繊維内にフィルムを構成する合成樹脂が浸透し、その交点を接着し下張り緩衝材の補強を行うという役割を演じるための合成樹脂フィルムの絶対量が不足し、合成樹脂が不織布層内に浸透してしまい完全な皮膜形成も危なげになりその役割を演じられない。一方、合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）の厚みが３００μｍを超えた場合、下張り緩衝材の剛性が増し施工時に下地に添いにくくなり施工上の問題等が発生するためである。
【００１２】
本発明における合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、又はこれら合成樹脂共重合体よりなるフィルムなどでよい。
【００１３】
本発明における不織布層（Ｃ）は、目付が５０〜５００g/m²であることが好ましい。
不織布層（Ｃ）の目付が５０g/m²未満であると、本発明における不織布層（Ｃ）の役割である塗膜防水層に脱気能を付与し、下地ムーブメントに基づく変異歪が塗膜防水材層に及ぶのを緩和する緩衝作用を発揮する機能が不織布層（Ｃ）と合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）の境界層より浸透する合成樹脂並びに、下地との接着に用いる接着剤の浸透により、不織布層（Ｂ）は殆ど目潰しされ埋まってしまい好ましくない。また、不織布層（Ｂ）の目付が５００g/m²を超えると、下張り緩衝材の重量が大きすぎ作業困難となり、又その剛性も増し下地との添いが悪くなり施工上の問題が発生するなど、コストをいたずらに増大せしめるのでデメリットのみ増し好ましくない。
【００１４】
また、本発明における不織布層（Ｃ）は、短繊維不織布でも差し支えないが合成繊維からなる長繊維より構成せしめる事、ニードルパンチ交絡法あるいは流体交絡法で交絡せしめる事は極めて有効であり、この様な方法で交絡された合成繊維長繊維不織布の適用が、特に下地ムーブメントに対して優れた緩衝能を有し、高いせん断破裂強力と層間剥離抵抗を保有するために有効である。この不織布層（Ｃ）は、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリアミド、ポリビニールアルコール、アクリル系合成繊維、又はこれら合成繊維の共重合体よりなる繊維等凡用の合成繊維、あるいはビスコースレーヨン、キュプラアンモニュームレーヨン等の人造繊維から構成されることが好ましい。
【００１５】
本発明において、少なくとも長繊維不織布層（Ａ）と合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）と不織布層（Ｃ）が一体化された積層体全層を連通する孔の直径が３〜２０mmであり、有孔率が１〜３０％であることが好ましい。孔の直径が３mm未満また有孔率が１％未満の場合、下張り緩衝材の有孔部分において塗膜防水材が下張り緩衝材上層の防水層と下地の間を連結する力が不足し、下張り緩衝層の変形やすれ動きなどの問題を引き起こし好ましくない。また、孔の直径が２０mmを超え、有孔率が３０％を超えた場合、下張り緩衝材上層の防水層と下地の間の連結力は向上するが下地追従性や脱気能が低下し好ましくない。
【００１６】
本発明における下張り緩衝材の製法としては、合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）を所謂押し出しラミやドライラミ等のラミネート法にて積層一体化すれば良いが、生産性並びにラミネート時に合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）の一部を長繊維不織布層（Ａ）、不織布層(Ｃ)の一部分に侵入させ、両層間を接着せしめて一体化した積層体を形成せしめると共に、不織布構成繊維の交点を接着せしめて寸法安定性に優れた高強力、高抗張積の補強効果を付与する効果を最も効率よく得る為に、長繊維不織布層（Ａ）〜不織布層(Ｃ)の間に合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）を押し出しながらラミネートする押し出しラミ法による所謂サンドラミ法が特に好適である。但し、これら以外の方法、即ちコーティング法などにより合成樹脂フィルム層（Ｂ）に該当するフィルム層を形成させる事も差し支えない。尚下張り緩衝材として要求される機能を発揮するために、最適の構造体として前記に３層構造体を提起したが、本発明の思想、理念を損なわない範囲の変更ならば３層構造体を含む４層以上にすることも当然何ら本発明の思想を逸脱するものではない。
【００１７】
本発明における施工方法は図２に示す施工概要の如く、下地にプライマー２を塗布し、次いで接着剤３を塗布し、その上に第1図に示す下張り緩衝材４を不織布層（Ｃ）面を下側にして張りつけ、上面の長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の塗膜防水材５を塗布し塗膜防水層を形成せしめるか、それに準ずる方法で施工すればよい。
【００１８】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれによって限定されるものではない。
【００１９】
（実施例１）
周知のスパンボンドプロセス（例えば特公昭５３−３２４２４号公報）により製造される４デシテックスのポリエチレンテレフタレートのフィラメントよりなる４０g/m²のスパンボンド法不織性ウェッブを１８０℃のエンボスロールで線圧６０kg/cmで部分熱圧着し厚さ０．２７mmの長繊維不織布（Ａ）を得た。一方、同じくスパンボンド法により得られる４デシテックスのポリエチレンテレフタレートのフィラメントよりなる１６０g/m²のスパンボンド法不織性ウェッブをニードリング深さ１３mm、ニードリング密度８０N/cm²でニードルパンチし不織布層（Ｃ）を得た。上記の不織布層(Ｃ)の上にメルトインデックス７の低密度ポリエチレンを５０μｍの厚みとなる様に押し出し機より押し出し、更にその上部より長繊維不織布層(Ａ)を供給し積層しプレスロールでプレスする所謂サンドラミ法により、該長繊維不織布層(Ａ)と５０μｍのポリエチレンフィルム（Ｂ）と不織布層(Ｃ)とよりなる３層積層構造体を得た。この３層積層構造体を孔径６mm、有効率１．８％になるように打ち抜いた後、孔周囲を円周方向に２mm巾で溶融プレスし、溶融プレス部分の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が７０％であり、溶融プレスしていない部分の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が９２％の下張り緩衝材を得た。この下張り緩衝材を下地に（株）ダイフレックス製カラーウレタンプライマー０．２kg/m²を塗布し、次いでフクビミカタ（株）製フクビメントＬを０．３kg/m²を櫛目ゴテを用いて塗布し張りつけ、然る後、（株）ダイフレックス製カラーウレタン１．５kg/m²を塗布し、次いで更に（株）ダイフレックス製カラーウレタン２．０kg/m²を塗布する工法を適用して施工し塗膜防水層を形成させた。
【００２０】
（比較例１）
実施例１の長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の代わりに４デシテックス、カット長３０mmのポリエチレンテレフタレートの短繊維からなる４０g/m²の不織性ウェッブを１８０℃のエンボスロールで線圧６０kg/cmで部分熱圧着したものを用いた他は実施例１と同様にして下張り緩衝材を製造し、それを用いて実施例１と同様な塗膜防水層を形成せしめた。
【００２１】
（比較例２）
実施例１の長繊維不織布層(Ａ)と５０μｍのポリエチレンフィルム（Ｂ）と不織布層(Ｃ)とよりなる３層積層構造体を得、この３層積層構造体を孔径６mm、有効率１．８％になるように打ち抜いた後、孔周囲を円周方向に溶融プレスせず、不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が９１％の下張り緩衝材を得たものを用いた他は実施例１と同様にして下張り緩衝材を製造し、それを用いて実施例１と同様な塗膜防水層を形成せしめた。
【００２２】
（比較例３）
実施例１の長繊維不織布層(Ａ)と５０μｍのポリエチレンフィルム（Ｂ）と不織布層(Ｃ)とよりなる３層積層構造体を得、この３層積層構造体を孔径６mm、有効率１．８％になるように打ち抜いた後、孔周囲だけでなく３層積層構造体全体を溶融プレスし、溶融プレス部分の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が８０％の下張り緩衝材を得たものを用いた他は実施例１と同様にして下張り緩衝材を製造し、それを用いて実施例１と同様な塗膜防水層を形成せしめた。
【００２３】
（評価方法）
（通気性）：ＪＡＳＳ−８参考資料１．メンブレン防水層の性能評価試験方法「８．下地との間の通気抵抗試験」に従い実施した。
（引張強さ、伸び率）：下張り緩衝材の引張強さ、伸び率をＪＩＳＬ１０９６に準じ、定速伸張引張試験機を用い、つかみ感覚１０cm、引張速度２０cm/分で評価した。
（表面平滑性）：下張り緩衝材の有孔部分における樹脂陥没の程度を３段階で目視判定した。○樹脂陥没無し、△樹脂陥没若干有り、×樹脂陥没あり。
（施工性）：下地にプライマーを塗布から下張り緩衝材をはりつけ及び所定量の塗膜防水材を塗布に要する時間、塗膜防水材の必要量などの施工性を総合的に２段階で判断した。○施工性良好、×施工性不良。
（下張り緩衝材の不織布層（Ｃ）の厚さ）：下張り緩衝材の不織布層（Ｃ）をエポキシ樹脂で含浸処理後、切断し不織布層（Ｃ）の厚みを拡大観察から測定した。
（下張り緩衝材の不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率）：不織布層（Ｃ）の目付を厚みで除した後、密度で徐して充填率を求め、１００から充填率を引いて求めた。
【００２４】
【表１】

【００２５】
表１の実施例１が示すように、本発明の下張り緩衝材を用いた場合、通気性（脱気作用）に優れることでフクレ現象が発生せず、引張強さも強く、塗膜防水材の不織布層（Ｃ）への浸透も防止でき表面平滑性や施工性に優れることがわかる。これに対し比較例１の長繊維不織布層（Ａ）の代わりに短繊維不織布層を用いた場合、下張り緩衝材の強力と表面平滑性が低下する。比較例２の様に、下張り緩衝材の有孔周囲を円周方向に溶融プレスせず、不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が本発明の範囲よりも大きくなった場合、塗膜防水材の不織布層（Ｃ）への浸透が防止できず、脱気性能が不足するばかりか、表面平滑性や施工性が満足するものとならない。また、比較例３の様に下張り緩衝材に孔開け加工をした後、孔周囲だけでなく３層積層構造体全体を溶融プレスし不織布層（Ｃ）の空隙率が本発明の範囲よりも小さくなった場合、塗膜防水材の不織布層（Ｃ）への浸透は防止できるが、本来の求められる機能の１つである脱気性能が不足する欠点が生じることになる。
【００２６】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、塗膜防水工事において、品位面では脱気作用が良好でフクレ現象が起こらず、表面平滑性に優れたものであり、施工面において塗膜防水材が下張り緩衝材の通気層内まで浸透し難く、均一な塗布が可能で施工性やコスト面に優れた塗膜防水工事用下張り緩衝材及び防水工法を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の塗膜防水工事用下張り緩衝材の部分断面図を示す。
【図２】本発明の塗膜防水工事用下張り緩衝材を含む塗膜防水層の部分断面斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ…長繊維不織布層、Ｂ…合成樹脂フィルム層、Ｃ…不織布層
１…下地、２…プライマー、３…接着剤層、４…下張り緩衝材層、５…塗膜防水材層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an undercoat cushioning material for a waterproof coating construction and a waterproof coating method for waterproof construction, a so-called deaeration construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional waterproofing methods for rooftops, etc., include a waterproof waterproof coating method in which a urethane-based waterproofing material is applied directly to the surface of a concrete body, and a finish layer solidified with a urethane-based resin is applied to it, or a fast-curing spray material There is a waterproofing method where spraying is applied with a two-component high-pressure spray machine. However, these waterproofing methods are made by bonding a waterproof coating to the entire surface of the substrate and combining the surface with a resin coating with high hardness, resulting in poor flexibility of the entire coating, cracking and joints on the substrate. In addition to insufficient follow-up to the movement of the water, the moisture contained in the substrate becomes water vapor as the temperature rises, causing troubles due to the so-called bulge phenomenon that the waterproof layer partially peels from the substrate and partially swells. There is a need for improvement.
[0003]
For this reason, a method of providing a ventilation layer (a deaeration layer) between the base layer and the waterproof membrane has been developed as one measure for preventing blistering, and as a base material, a laminate of a nonwoven fabric and a resin foam or a single-sided heat-sealed porous nonwoven fabric Etc. are on the market. However, although the construction method using these underlay cushioning materials is effective in preventing blistering, if a resin foam is used in part, it is not sufficient in terms of strength, so there is a drawback that it breaks from the resin foam layer, When a perforated nonwoven fabric is used, the range of suitability for the viscosity of the waterproof coating material is limited, and various problems have arisen in terms of quality and construction. That is, in terms of quality, when the viscosity of the waterproof coating material is too low, the waterproof coating material penetrates from the cut surface of the perforated portion of the underlayer cushioning material into the ventilation layer, and the ventilation layer becomes clogged and deaerated. There are drawbacks such as loss of the effect and reduction of surface smoothness due to the depression of the waterproof coating material in the perforated part. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too high, impregnation of the waterproof cushioning material into the underlayer cushioning material becomes poor, and the peeling resistance of the underlayer cushioning material is reduced. On the construction side, the waterproof coating material easily penetrates from the cut surface of the perforated portion of the underlayer cushioning material to the inside of the ventilation layer, so it takes time and effort to apply a uniform waterproof coating material. There were problems such as the need for a larger amount of waterproof material and higher costs.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, has a good deaeration effect in terms of quality with respect to waterproofing of the coating film, does not cause blistering, and has excellent surface smoothness. It is an object of the present invention to provide an underlayer cushioning material for waterproofing a coating film and a waterproofing method that do not easily penetrate into the air-permeable layer of the material, can be uniformly applied, and have excellent workability and cost.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention comprises a laminate in which at least the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), the synthetic resin film layer (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) are integrated, and the laminate comprises a plurality of holes communicating with all layers. And the non-woven fabric layer (C) around the hole has a porosity of less than 90%, and the porosity of the C layer other than around the hole is 90 to 98%. It is an underlay cushioning material.
[0006]
In the present invention, after applying the primer to the base, the adhesive is then applied, and the surface of the non-woven fabric layer (C) of the underlay cushioning material is applied downward, and the underlayer cushioning material is then attached. A waterproof construction method in which a waterproof coating material is applied on the fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), and the waterproof coating material connects between the waterproof layer of the upper cushioning material upper layer and the ground in the hole portion of the lower cushioning material. is there.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail below. The laminate in which at least the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), the synthetic resin film layer (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) in the present invention are integrated has a plurality of communication holes penetrating all the layers of the laminate. It is preferable that the porosity of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) around the pores is less than 90%. The reason for this is that when the porosity exceeds 90%, the waterproof coating material mainly penetrates from the cut surface of the perforated portion of the underlayer cushioning material to the inside of the deaeration layer, the deaeration layer is clogged, and the deaeration effect is remarkable. This is because the surface smoothness decreases due to the decrease or the depression of the waterproof coating material in the perforated portion. The nonwoven fabric layer (C) having a porosity of less than 90% needs to be formed in the circumferential direction from the cut surface of the hole, and the formation range thereof is JASS-8 Reference Material 1. It is sufficient that the amount of ventilation performed in accordance with the performance evaluation test method “8. Ventilation resistance test between the membrane waterproof layer” is 170 ml / min or more. If the formation range of the non-woven fabric layer (C) having a porosity of less than 90% is expanded until the air flow rate is less than 170 ml / min, the intended deaeration action is insufficient and the blistering phenomenon occurs, which is not preferable. In addition, as a means of densification of the nonwoven fabric layer (C), it is possible to melt and densify only the periphery of the holes at the time of opening the communication holes in the entire layer of the laminate or at a later stage. A resin composition may be applied and is not particularly limited.
[0008]
In the present invention, at least the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), the synthetic resin film layer (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) are integrally formed in the circumferential direction from the cut surface of the hole in the communication hole. The porosity of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) other than the nonwoven fabric layer (C) that is less than 90% is preferably 90 to 98%. If the porosity of this part is less than 90%, the nonwoven fabric layer (C) is densified as a whole, and the deaeration ability is lowered, which is not preferable. If it exceeds 98%, deviation or compression due to a decrease in adhesion between the underlayer cushioning material and the base is undesirable. This is because the distortion increases and is not preferable.
[0009]
The long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) used in the present invention is used to reinforce the waterproof coating layer and firmly adhere to the underlayer cushioning material (water shielding layer). A long-fiber nonwoven fabric of general-purpose synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic synthetic fiber, or a fiber made of a copolymer of these synthetic fibers is preferable. Incidentally, the waterproof membrane of the coating film referred to here is that the waterproof nonwoven fabric layer (A) is impregnated with the waterproof membrane, and a waterproof membrane made of the waterproof coating material is also formed on the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A). Refers to the layer.
[0010]
The basis weight of the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) in the present invention is preferably ²⁰ to 200 g / m ² . The reason for this is that when the basis weight of the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) is less than 20 g / m ² , the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (C) is almost buried in the synthetic resin film layer (B), and the long fiber according to the present invention is used. This is because the waterproof membrane layer, which is the role of the non-woven fabric layer (A), can be firmly fixed to the underlayer cushioning material layer to prevent delamination and the existence significance is lost.
Moreover, when exceeding 200 g / m < ² >, when constructing it according to the construction conditions according to JASS-8 and other standard construction standards, most of the waterproof coating material penetrates into the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A). In addition to the lack of coating waterproof material that forms the waterproof membrane surface of the coating film, it is not only possible to form a uniform waterproof membrane surface without protruding the nonwoven fabric constituting fiber onto the waterproof membrane surface, but also a uniform waterproof membrane layer In order to obtain a coating film, it is necessary to increase the coating amount of the waterproof coating material to form an over-quality waterproof layer, which causes serious problems in construction and increases costs. It is.
[0011]
The synthetic resin film layer (B) in the present invention preferably has a thickness of 10 to 300 μm. When the thickness of the synthetic resin film layer (B) is less than 10 μm, it provides the underlayer cushioning material layer with water shielding and barrier performance, which are roles imposed on the film layer, and the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) and the nonwoven fabric layer. (C) and synthetic resin film layer (B) Synthetic resin for playing the role of the synthetic resin permeating into the nonwoven fabric constituting fibers of the boundary layer, adhering the intersection and reinforcing the underlayer cushioning material The absolute amount of the film is insufficient, the synthetic resin penetrates into the nonwoven fabric layer, and the complete film formation becomes dangerous and cannot play its role. On the other hand, when the thickness of the synthetic resin film layer (B) exceeds 300 μm, the rigidity of the underlayer cushioning material is increased and it becomes difficult to follow the base during construction, resulting in construction problems.
[0012]
The synthetic resin film layer (B) in the present invention may be a film made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, or a synthetic resin copolymer thereof.
[0013]
Nonwoven layer (C) in the present invention, it is preferred basis weight is 50 to 500 g / m ^2.
When the basis weight of the non-woven fabric layer (C) is less than 50 g / m ² , the coating film waterproofing layer, which is the role of the non-woven fabric layer (C) in the present invention, is given a degassing ability, and the deformation strain based on the underlying movement is the coating film. Due to the penetration of the adhesive used to bond the synthetic resin and the base material, the function of exerting a buffering action to relax the waterproof layer penetrates from the boundary layer between the nonwoven fabric layer (C) and the synthetic resin film layer (B). The non-woven fabric layer (B) is not preferred because it is almost crushed and buried. In addition, if the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer (B) exceeds 500 g / m ² , the weight of the underlayer cushioning material is too large, making it difficult to work, and increasing its rigidity, resulting in poor attachment with the base, causing problems in construction, etc. Since the cost is unnecessarily increased, only demerits are increased, which is not preferable.
[0014]
In addition, the nonwoven fabric layer (C) in the present invention may be a short fiber nonwoven fabric, but it is extremely effective to be composed of long fibers made of synthetic fibers, or to be entangled by the needle punch entanglement method or fluid entanglement method. The application of the synthetic fiber long-fiber nonwoven fabric entangled by a simple method has an excellent buffering ability especially for the base movement, and is effective for retaining high shear burst strength and delamination resistance. This non-woven fabric layer (C) is made of polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic synthetic fiber, or a synthetic fiber such as a fiber made of a copolymer of these synthetic fibers, or viscose rayon or cupra ammonia rayon. It is preferable that it is comprised from artificial fibers, such as.
[0015]
In the present invention, the diameter of the hole communicating with the entire laminated body in which at least the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), the synthetic resin film layer (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) are integrated is 3 to 20 mm, The rate is preferably 1 to 30%. If the hole diameter is less than 3mm and the porosity is less than 1%, the waterproof coating film is insufficient in the perforated part of the underlayer cushioning material to connect the waterproof layer of the underlayer cushioning material to the base, and the underlayer It causes problems such as deformation and loose movement of the buffer layer, which is undesirable. In addition, when the hole diameter exceeds 20 mm and the porosity exceeds 30%, the connection force between the waterproof layer of the underlayer cushioning material and the base is improved, but the base followability and deaeration ability are reduced, which is preferable. Absent.
[0016]
In the present invention, the synthetic buffer film may be laminated and integrated by a lamination method such as so-called extrusion lamination or dry lamination, but the synthetic resin film layer (B) at the time of lamination is preferable. Is partly penetrated into a part of the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) and the nonwoven fabric layer (C), and the two layers are adhered to form an integrated laminate, and the intersection of the nonwoven fabric constituent fibers is adhered to stabilize the dimensions. Synthetic resin film layer (B) between long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) and non-woven fabric layer (C) in order to obtain the most efficient effect of imparting the reinforcement effect of high strength and high tensile product with excellent properties A so-called sand lamination method by an extrusion lamination method in which lamination is performed while extruding is particularly preferable. However, a film layer corresponding to the synthetic resin film layer (B) may be formed by a method other than these, that is, a coating method or the like. In order to demonstrate the function required as an underlayer cushioning material, the three-layer structure has been proposed as an optimum structure. However, if the range of the present invention is not changed, the three-layer structure may be used. Naturally, the number of layers including four or more does not depart from the idea of the present invention.
[0017]
In the construction method of the present invention, as shown in the construction outline shown in FIG. 2, the primer 2 is applied to the base, the adhesive 3 is then applied, and the underlayer cushioning material 4 shown in FIG. May be applied with a method similar to the method of applying a waterproof membrane 5 of the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) on the upper surface and forming a waterproof membrane.
[0018]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0019]
Example 1
A 40 g / m ² spunbond nonwoven web made of 4 dtex polyethylene terephthalate filaments produced by a well-known spunbond process (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-32424) is applied to an embossing roll at 180 ° C. with a linear pressure of 60 kg. A long fiber nonwoven fabric (A) having a thickness of 0.27 mm was obtained by partial thermocompression bonding at / cm. On the other hand, a non-woven fabric layer is obtained by needle punching a non-woven web of 160 g / m ² spunbond made of 4 dtex polyethylene terephthalate filament obtained by the spunbond method at a needling depth of 13 mm and a needling density of 80 N / cm ^2. (C) was obtained. On the above nonwoven fabric layer (C), low-density polyethylene with a melt index of 7 is extruded from an extruder so as to have a thickness of 50 μm, and a long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) is supplied from the upper part and laminated and pressed with a press roll. Thus, a three-layer laminated structure composed of the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), a 50 μm polyethylene film (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) was obtained by the so-called Sandrami method. After punching out this three-layer laminated structure so that the hole diameter is 6 mm and the effective rate is 1.8%, the periphery of the hole is melt-pressed in a width of 2 mm in the circumferential direction, and the porosity of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) in the melt-pressed portion Of the non-melt-pressed portion of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) having a porosity of 92% was obtained. Applying 0.2kg / m ² of Daiflex Co., Ltd. color urethane primer to the underlayer cushioning material, and then applying and applying 0.3kg / m ² of Fukubimento L made by Fukubi Mikata Co. and thereafter, and construction by applying Ltd. die flex manufactured by color urethane 1.5 kg / m ² was applied, and then method of applying further Co. Dyflex manufactured color urethane 2.0 kg / m ² coating A waterproof membrane was formed.
[0020]
(Comparative Example 1)
Instead of the non-woven fabric nonwoven fabric layer (A) of Example 1, a 40 g / m ² non-woven web made of polyethylene terephthalate short fibers of 4 decitex and a cut length of 30 mm was applied with an embossing roll at 180 ° C. at a linear pressure of 60 kg / cm. An underlay cushioning material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a partially heat-bonded product was used, and a coating waterproofing layer similar to that in Example 1 was formed using it.
[0021]
(Comparative Example 2)
A three-layer laminated structure composed of the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) of Example 1, a 50 μm polyethylene film (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) was obtained, and this three-layer laminated structure had a pore diameter of 6 mm and an effective rate of 1. After punching out to 8%, the outer periphery of the hole was not melt-pressed in the circumferential direction, and a non-woven fabric layer (C) having a porosity of 91% underlay cushioning material was used. Similarly, an underlayer cushioning material was produced, and a waterproof coating layer similar to that of Example 1 was formed by using the cushioning material.
[0022]
(Comparative Example 3)
A three-layer laminated structure composed of the long-fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) of Example 1, a 50 μm polyethylene film (B), and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) was obtained, and this three-layer laminated structure had a pore diameter of 6 mm and an effective rate of 1. After punching out to 8%, the entire three-layer laminated structure was melt-pressed not only around the hole, but a non-woven cushioning material with a porosity of 80% of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) in the melt-pressed portion was obtained. An underlay cushioning material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used, and a waterproof coating layer similar to that in Example 1 was formed using it.
[0023]
(Evaluation methods)
(Breathability): JASS-8 Reference Material The membrane waterproof layer was evaluated according to the performance evaluation test method “8.
(Tensile strength, elongation rate): The tensile strength and elongation rate of the underlayer cushioning material were evaluated according to JIS L 1096, using a constant speed tensile tensile tester, with a gripping feeling of 10 cm and a tensile speed of 20 cm / min.
(Surface smoothness): The degree of resin depression in the perforated portion of the underlayer cushioning material was visually determined in three stages. ○ No resin depression, △ Some resin depression, x Resin depression.
(Workability): The workability such as the time required to apply a primer cushioning material from the primer applied to the groundwork and apply a predetermined amount of waterproofing coating material, the required amount of waterproofing coating material, was comprehensively judged in two stages. . ○ Good workability, × poor workability.
(Thickness of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) of the underlayer cushioning material): The nonwoven fabric layer (C) of the underlayer cushioning material was impregnated with an epoxy resin, then cut, and the thickness of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) was measured from an enlarged observation.
(Porosity of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) of the underlayer cushioning material): After dividing the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) by the thickness, the filling rate was obtained gradually by density, and the filling rate was subtracted from 100.
[0024]
[Table 1]

[0025]
As shown in Example 1 of Table 1, when the underlayer cushioning material of the present invention is used, it has excellent breathability (deaeration action), so there is no swelling phenomenon, and the tensile strength is strong. It can be seen that the penetration into the nonwoven fabric layer (C) can be prevented and the surface smoothness and workability are excellent. On the other hand, when the short fiber nonwoven fabric layer is used instead of the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A) of Comparative Example 1, the strength and surface smoothness of the underlayer cushioning material are lowered. When the porosity of the non-woven fabric layer (C) is larger than the range of the present invention without being melt-pressed around the perforated cushioning material in the circumferential direction as in Comparative Example 2, the non-woven fabric of the waterproof coating material The penetration into the layer (C) cannot be prevented, the deaeration performance is insufficient, and the surface smoothness and workability are not satisfied. In addition, after the perforated cushioning material was perforated as in Comparative Example 3, the entire three-layer laminated structure was melt-pressed not only around the holes, but the porosity of the nonwoven fabric layer (C) was smaller than the range of the present invention. In such a case, the penetration of the waterproof coating material into the non-woven fabric layer (C) can be prevented, but there is a drawback that the deaeration performance which is one of the originally required functions is insufficient.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in the waterproofing construction of the coating film, the deaeration action is good in terms of quality, the swelling phenomenon does not occur, and the surface smoothness is excellent. It is possible to provide an underlayer cushioning material for waterproofing a coating film and a waterproofing method that are difficult to penetrate into the layer, can be uniformly applied, and are excellent in workability and cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of an underlayer cushioning material for waterproofing construction of a coating film according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a waterproof coating layer including an underlayer cushioning material for waterproof coating construction according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A ... Non-fiber nonwoven fabric layer, B ... Synthetic resin film layer, C ... Nonwoven fabric layer 1 ... Base, 2 ... Primer, 3 ... Adhesive layer, 4 ... Under buffer layer, 5 ... Paint waterproof layer

Claims

It comprises a laminate in which at least the long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), the synthetic resin film layer (B) and the nonwoven fabric layer (C) are integrated, and the laminate has a plurality of holes communicating with all the layers, and The underlayer buffer for waterproofing coating film, wherein the non-woven fabric layer (C) around the hole has a porosity of less than 90%, and the non-woven fabric layer (C) other than around the hole has a porosity of 90 to 98% Wood.

At least a long fiber nonwoven fabric layer (A), a synthetic resin film layer (B), and a nonwoven fabric layer (C) are composed of a laminated body, and the laminated body has holes communicating with all the layers, and around the holes. Using an underlayer cushioning material for waterproofing coating film, characterized in that the non-woven fabric layer (C) has a porosity of less than 90% and the non-woven fabric layer (C) other than around the pores has a porosity of 90 to 98%. After the primer is applied, the adhesive is then applied, and the undercoat of claim 1 and the non-woven fabric layer (C) of the cushioning material are applied with the surface facing downward, and the coating is applied on the long-fiber non-woven fabric layer (A). A waterproofing method, wherein a waterproofing material is applied, and the waterproofing coating film connects the waterproofing layer on the upper surface of the underlayer cushioning material and the base in the hole portion of the underlayer cushioning material.