JP3641236B2 - Brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact brake device, in particular having a decreased dimension in the axial direction. <P>SOLUTION: The brake device B of internal expansion type has a pair of electromagnetic brake parts 8 installed internally in 180-degs. oppositely positioning in such a way as to mate with the inside surface 1a of a brake drum. Two holder arms are protruded from a stationary iron core 9 of an electromagnet so as to hold the two ends of a brake shoe 18. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a brake device used for a hoisting machine or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional braking (brake) devices include a disc brake that presses the friction material against both sides of the disc, or a drum brake that presses the friction material from the outside or the inside of the drum. Methods such as pneumatic, electromagnetic, and mechanical were used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since such a conventional brake device requires a large space in the radial direction, and particularly in the axial direction, it is downsized to be accommodated in the required space --- thinning in the axial direction --- I couldn't. In addition, it is difficult to make the brake operation sound minute, and the structure becomes complicated. Therefore, assembly and delicate adjustment are difficult. Alternatively, there is a drawback that it is difficult to obtain the required electromagnet output in a limited space.
[0004]
The object of the present invention is to solve such problems of the prior art, and to enable compact accommodation in a particularly limited axial direction, as well as extremely quiet operation noise, easy fine adjustment, and simple structure. It provides a powerful brake device. Another object is to make it possible to make the fine distance between the brake drum and the brake shoe uniform when the brake is released, or to easily release the brake manually during a power failure. This is in providing a device.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, according to the present invention, a pair of internal extended electromagnetic brake portions are disposed at positions opposite to each other by 180 ° corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum. The installed brake shoe is a spring-operated electromagnetic release type that is connected to the movable iron core corresponding to the fixed iron core by a connecting member , and is located between the brake shoe and the movable iron core at a position off the center in the width direction of the brake shoe. In addition to providing a resilient member that urges and urges in a direction in which the brake shoe separates, a restricting member capable of adjusting a separation distance between the brake shoe and the movable iron core is provided .
[0006]
The restriction member includes an adjustment bolt that presses the brake shoe in a direction opposite to that of the elastic member, an attachment piece that holds the adjustment bolt, and the like .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.
1 is a partial cross-sectional front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the main part, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the main part, and 1 is a cylindrical brake drum indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Further, the structure is such that the braked rotating body M protrudes integrally or is fixed to the rotating body M and rotates integrally.
[0008]
The rotor M is a rotor, a winding drum, or the like of the motor, and is installed together with the brake device B in a place having a limited size in the axial direction C, as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 2 denotes a mounting member, which is fixed to a mounting surface 3 such as a wall body with a bolt or the like. However, the distance W between the mounting surface 3 and another surface 4 parallel to the mounting surface 3 is limited, and the space is extremely narrow. Is illustrated.
[0009]
In the illustrated embodiment, a hole 5 is formed in the center of the mounting member 2, and a bearing 6 is fitted into the hole 5, and the shaft 7 of the rotating body M is pivotally supported via the bearing 6. ing. The axis of the shaft 7 and the axis of the brake drum 1 coincide.
[0010]
Reference numerals 8 and 8 denote electromagnetic brake parts, which are arranged in pairs at positions opposite to each other by 180 ° corresponding to the inner peripheral surface 1 a of the brake drum 1. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the pair of electromagnetic brake portions 8 and 8 are symmetrical with respect to the center section reference line L passing through the axis O of the brake drum 1 or 180 ° rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis O. As shown in FIG. Moreover, the electromagnetic brake portion 8 is an internal expansion type, and a brake shoe 18 is disposed so as to be able to contact the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum 1. Further, the electromagnetic brake unit 8 (which will be described later) is a spring-operated electromagnetic release type, in which the brake is released by energization.
[0011]
Next, reference numeral 9 denotes a fixed iron core, which is provided in a direction parallel to the center section reference line L when viewed from the direction of the axis C, and the fixed iron core 9 is mounted on both sides (left and right). And is fixed to the mounting member 2 with a bolt 35 or the like. The fixed iron core 9 is formed with a concave groove into which an oval or elliptical electromagnetic coil is fitted as seen from above in FIG. 1, and the electromagnetic coil is fitted into and fixed to this (not shown). .
[0012]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a movable iron core, which is in the shape of a rectangular plate (band plate piece), which is attracted to the fixed iron core when the electromagnetic coil is excited, and separated from the fixed iron core 9 when it is in a non-excited state. In other words, a spring (not shown) is interposed between the fixed iron core 9 and the movable iron core 14, and the spring is always elastically biased in the separating direction.
[0013]
The brake shoe 18 includes a shoe main body 18a and friction materials (lining materials) 19 and 19. The friction materials 19 and 19 are two pieces (one piece) for each brake shoe 18 in the illustrated example. They are arranged one by one, and can directly contact (slide contact / pressure contact) with the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum 1. More specifically, the outer (circumferential) surface of the shoe main body 18a has a shape having a pair of left and right arcuate surface portions 36, 36 on which the friction material 19 is stretched, and a notch portion 37 therebetween. In addition, two recesses 38, 38 are formed in the notch 37, and the recesses 38, 38 open downward in FIG. 2 (frontward in FIG. 1) to prevent loosening described later. In order to tighten or loosen the nut 39 or the like, a work tool can be inserted from the front side of FIG.
[0014]
Then, projecting portions 40, 40 are provided so as to project from the (left and right) both sides of the fixed iron core 9 constituting a part of the electromagnet in a direction orthogonal to the central section reference line L, and the inner surfaces of the projecting portions 40, 40 Torque receiving surfaces 21 and 21 for receiving rotational torque (in the circumferential direction along the brake drum inner peripheral surface 1a) of the brake shoe 18 are formed. Thus, it can be said that the projecting portions 40 and 40 are the brake shoe holding arms 20 and 20.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1 (as viewed from the axial direction C in FIG. 5), the pair of left and right torque receiving surfaces 21 and 21 are parallel to each other, and the brake shoe 18 is used as an internal expansion type electromagnetic brake portion 8 in the radial direction. From the direction, it is held so as to be capable of being pressed against the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum.
[0016]
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 5, the fixed iron core 9, the movable iron core 14, and the brake shoe 18 are arranged in parallel to the reference line L, but there are two brake shoes 18. The parallel connection members 23 and 23 are connected to each other.
[0017]
That is, the two connecting members 23 and 23 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the reference line L, and this connecting member 23 has a male screw portion 23a (in the intermediate portion) and 4 on the outer end. A gripping small head 41 that is rotated by a work tool such as a corner portion is provided, and the male screw portion 23a is screwed into a screw hole of the shoe body 18a so as to be able to advance and retract. As a penetrating shape, a locking nut 39 is screwed to the outer end side of the male screw portion 23a and fixed. Further, the inner end of the connecting member 23 is attached to the outer surface of the movable iron core 14 via the spherical seat Q and the plane seat P.
[0018]
This mounting structure will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 1. A direction in which the spherical seat Q and the flat seat P are kept in pressure contact with the outer surface (back surface) 42 of the spherical seat Q at the inner end of the connecting member 23. In the direction of the movable iron core 14, the inner end of the connecting member 23 is attached to the outer surface side of the movable iron core 14 by a resilient member 26 such as a leaf spring that urges and urges.
[0019]
Specifically, the elastic member 26 is constituted by a leaf spring fixed to the outer surface of the movable iron core 14 with a bolt 27. For example, as shown in FIG. A single character cross-sectional shape is used in a straight shape.
[0020]
Further, a flat head portion 28 is formed to bulge at the outer end of the connecting member 23, the tip surface of the head portion 28 is spherical, and a tip spherical portion 29 is provided to form a part of the spherical seat Q. .
Reference numeral 30 denotes an intermediate receiving plate having a concave spherical surface portion on the outer surface side, and a joint that can be swung by sliding contact between the concave spherical surface portion and the tip spherical surface portion 29: a spherical seat Q. It is composed.
[0021]
In addition, a shallow recessed portion 31 is formed on the outer surface of the movable iron core 14, and an intermediate receiving plate 30 that is slightly smaller than the left and right front and rear dimensions of the recessed portion 31 is fitted into the outer surface of the movable iron core 14 in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface In the direction), a plane seat P that is slidable by minute dimensions is formed. In this way, the spherical seat Q and the plane seat P are extremely compact.
[0022]
By the way, in order to make the operation sound of the brake minute, it is necessary to minimize the gap of the friction material 19 of the brake shoe 18 with respect to the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum 1. At that time, in the present invention, the locking nut 39 is once loosened, a work tool is inserted from the recessed portion 38, the connecting member 23 is rotated while holding the holding small head 41, and is movable with the brake shoe 18. A small amount adjustment of the distance between the iron core 14 is performed. Next, when the loosening prevention nut 39 is tightened after the adjustment, the amount of play between the thread of the male screw portion 23a of the connecting member 23 and the screw thread of the screw hole of the movable iron core 14 moves, and only a minute dimension is obtained. The brake shoe 18 is pulled inward. As a result, the friction material 19 of the brake shoe 18 can be easily adjusted to the minimum necessary gap with respect to the drum inner peripheral surface 1a.
[0023]
In the conventional adjustment structure, it is known that the brake shoe is pushed against the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum when the locking nut is tightened. It had to be repeated many times. The present invention solves such a problem.
[0024]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the center of the brake shoe 18 in the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3) —the axis of the connecting member 23 has deviated from the corresponding position—. At the position, an adjustment is made by attaching a resilient member 43 that resiliently urges the brake shoe 18 and the movable iron core 14 in the direction of separating (or approaching), and constraining it in the direction of approaching (or separating). A possible restricting member 44 is provided.
[0025]
Specifically, an extending arm portion 45 is projected from the shoe body 18a in the axial direction C, and a recessed hole portion 46 is formed in a portion where the tip of the arm portion 45 is brought close to the outer surface of the movable iron core 14. The elastic member 43 such as a compression coil spring is attached to this.
[0026]
On the other hand, the regulating member 44 has an adjustment bolt 44a that abuts against the outer end surface of the arm portion 45 and presses in the opposite direction to the elastic member 43, and a mounting piece 44b with a screw hole for holding the bolt 44a. It is composed.
[0027]
In FIG. 3, G indicates the rotation center point of the spherical seat Q. Thus, when the brake shoe 18 is viewed from the cross-sectional direction, the brake shoe 18 swings around the center point G. Thus, the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the brake shoe 18 are inclined at a predetermined angle in the front-rear (width) direction from the parallel state, but the adjusting bolt 44a of the regulating member 44 is screwed. By advancing or screwing, high-precision adjustment is easy so as to maintain a parallel state.
[0028]
In other words, with the center point G as the center, the brake shoe 18 applies a force in a direction in which the brake shoe 18 is inclined by the elastic biasing force of the elastic member 43 (clockwise in FIG. 3). Therefore, the gap in the width direction between the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum and the outer peripheral surface of the friction material 19 can be made uniform easily and quickly.
[0029]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIGS. 1 and 2, the brake device according to the present invention includes a brake release device 47 in an emergency (power failure, etc.). A lever 49 is pivotally attached to each of the protrusions 40, 40 on both the left and right sides of the fixed iron core 9 via a pin 48, and a part 49a (position near the pin 48) of the lever 49 is movable. It is configured to abut against the iron core 14.
[0030]
By operating the tip 50 of the lever 49 manually or the like, the movable core 14 is pressed against the fixed core 9 against a resilient member (spring) between the movable core 14 (not shown) and the fixed core 9. Then, a gap can be formed between the friction material 19 and the drum inner peripheral surface 1a, and the brake can be released.
[0031]
When the force applied to the tip 50 of the lever 49 is weakened, the brake 49 is restored to the braking state through the half brake state. In other words, this lever operation can be used to determine the ON / OFF state of the brake or its intermediate result, and subtle speed adjustments and subtle position adjustments are possible in elevators and hoisting machines. .
[0032]
As will be apparent from the above description and drawings, the present invention is an internal expansion type brake device that can realize a reduction in thickness in the axial direction C and that can exhibit a strong braking force.
[0033]
The basic operation is to press the movable iron core 14, the two connecting members 23 and 23, and the brake shoe 18 outward (in the radial direction) with a spring (not shown). 19 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 1a of the brake drum to bring it into a braking state. On the other hand, the electromagnetic coil (not shown) is energized (ON state), so that the movable iron core 14 is attracted and the brake shoe 18 is drawn in the radial direction via the two connecting members 23, 23, etc. Open). The gap between the friction material 19 and the brake drum inner peripheral surface 1a is preferably set to 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm (non-braking state). In the present invention, such a very small gap can be formed. It is. That is, the elastic member 26 such as a leaf spring eliminates the clearance on the contact surface portion of the spherical seat Q and the planar seat P (zero), and further uses two adjustment bolts (the connecting members 23 and 23). This is because a structure that can equalize the gap in the rotational direction is adopted. In this way, in the present invention, by using the above-mentioned extremely small gap, it is possible to provide a device with extremely quiet brake operation noise, and to eliminate the drag phenomenon of the brake shoe 18 (friction material 19) when not operating. Subtle adjustments are also easier.
[0034]
Then, the two holding arms 20 and 20 are projected (extended) from both ends of the fixed iron core, the torque receiving surfaces 21 and 21 are formed at the ends, and both ends (surfaces) of the brake shoe 18 are received. Since the configuration is adopted, it is possible to achieve a very compact size in the axial direction C, and it is possible to accommodate even a portion narrow in the axial direction C. That is, the brake device according to the present invention can be installed at a place (place) where the interval dimension W in FIG. 5 is extremely small.
[0035]
In addition, the brake shoe 18 once abutted against the brake drum inner peripheral surface 1a moves in parallel with the angle posture as it is when the brake is released with respect to the axial parallel direction, and the brake drum inner peripheral surface 1a and the brake shoe 18 are moved. The gaps are extremely small and uniform across the entire surface. Therefore, the brake operation noise is further reduced, and the shoe drag phenomenon during non-braking can be further effectively prevented.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following remarkable effects by the above-described configuration .
[0037]
( According to claim 1 ) With the pivot point of the spherical seat at the tip of the connecting rod connecting the brake shoe and the movable iron core as the base point, the brake shoe is caused to act in a direction inclined with respect to the movable iron core by the resilient member. In addition, by adjusting the amount of inclination with the regulating member, the inner surface of the brake drum when the brake is released and the friction inner surface of the brake shoe can be made uniform. Along with this, the operation noise can be reduced, and extremely quiet operation can be achieved.
[0038]
(According to claim 2 ) With the center point as the center, the brake shoe applies a force in a direction to be inclined by the elastic biasing force of the elastic member, and the amount of inclination is adjusted in the reverse direction by the regulating member. Therefore, the gap in the width direction between the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum and the outer peripheral surface of the friction material can be made uniform easily and quickly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main part.
FIG. 3 is a sectional side view of an essential part.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part.
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional side view of an essential part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brake drum 1a (Brake drum) inner peripheral surface 8 Electromagnetic brake part 9 Fixed iron core
14 Movable iron core
18 Brake shoes
23 connecting member
43 bullet members
44 Regulatory members
44 a Adjustment bolt
44 b Mounting piece C Axial direction L Center section reference line

Claims (2)

In response to the brake drum peripheral surface (1a) is disposed a pair of internal expansion electromagnetic brake unit (8) to 180 ° opposite positions, each electromagnetic brake unit (8), the brake drum peripheral surface (1a) can come into contact so disposed brake shoe (18), the movable iron core which corresponds with the fixed iron core (9) (14), a spring actuated electromagnetic open that is connected by a connecting member (23), the brake A resilient member ( 43 ) is provided for resiliently biasing the brake shoe ( 18 ) and the movable iron core ( 14 ) in a direction away from the center of the shoe ( 18 ) in the width direction , and the brake A brake device comprising a regulating member ( 44 ) capable of adjusting a separation distance between the shoe ( 18 ) and the movable iron core ( 14 ) . The regulating member ( 44 ) includes an adjustment bolt ( 44 a) that presses the brake shoe ( 18 ) in the opposite direction to the elastic member ( 43 ), and an attachment piece ( 44 b ) that holds the adjustment bolt ( 44 a). The brake device according to claim 1, comprising:

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