JP3640076B2 - Gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method - Google Patents
Gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method Download PDFInfo
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- JP3640076B2 JP3640076B2 JP06178895A JP6178895A JP3640076B2 JP 3640076 B2 JP3640076 B2 JP 3640076B2 JP 06178895 A JP06178895 A JP 06178895A JP 6178895 A JP6178895 A JP 6178895A JP 3640076 B2 JP3640076 B2 JP 3640076B2
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- welding
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- arc
- consumable electrode
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、アーク溶接におけるガスシールド消耗電極式アーク溶接方法に関し、特に、溶接開始時と溶接終了時における溶接方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ガスシールド消耗電極式アーク溶接方法では、主に溶接部を周囲の大気より保護する目的で、溶接開始から溶接終了まで一定の混合比のシールドガスを用いていた。特に、溶け込みを重視する溶接ではCO2 :100%ガスを用い、又、CO2 ガスはArガスに比べ安価のため、CO2 ガスが一般的に用いられる。一方、特公昭60−35230号公報(p4)には、炭酸ガスと、炭酸ガスとアルゴンガスの混合ガスを交互に供給して、アーク電圧を交互に変化させ、溶融プールを小面積ごとに区切って溶接することが開示されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、従来の方法では、CO2 溶接のような電位傾度が比較的大きなシールドガスを用いた際、溶接開始点においてアーク発生不良が生じ易く、また、溶接開始点と溶接終了点において良好なビード外観が得にくいという問題があった。更に、MAG溶接のような電位傾度の比較的小さなガスを混合した溶接方法ではビード外観の問題は解決できるが、溶接開始から溶接終了までAr等の電位傾度の小さいガスを用いるためガス自体のコストが大きくなるという問題があった。また、特公昭60−35230号公報之技術は、溶接開始時と溶接終了時に関して適用できるものではない。
そこで、本発明は、アークスタート時、アーク発生後予め設定された漸増時間のみ電位傾度の比較的小さいガス(例えばArガス)をシールドガスとして用いることで、アーク溶接開始時のアーク発生不良防止とガスコスト低減を図り、溶接中はCO2 ガスを用い、溶接終了時に再度電位傾度の小さいガスを用い良好なビード外観を得ると同時にガスコスト低減を目的としたアーク溶接方法を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題を解決するため、本発明は、溶接開始時にCO2 ガスに比べて電位傾度の小さいシールドガスを用いてアークトライを行い、アーク発生確認後CO2 ガスの混合比を予め設定された漸増比で漸増させ、CO2 溶接に移行させ、溶接終了直前にCO2 に前記電位傾度の小さいシールドガスの混合比を漸増させるというものである。
【0005】
【作用】
溶接開始時にCO2 ガスに比べ電位傾度の小さいシールドガスを用いるので、容易にアークが発生し、アークが発生すると、CO2 ガスの混合比を増大させ、ガスコストの小さいCO2 溶接に移行する。
溶接終了時にCO2 ガスに比べ電位傾度の小さいシールドガスを用いるので、穏やかにアークが消弧し、溶接終了点で良好なビード外観が得られる。
【0006】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を図に基づいて説明する。
図1は本発明のフローチャート、図2は溶接開始時におけるシールドガスの混合比を変化させる方法の説明図、図3は本発明の実施例を実施する装置の概要図である。まず、図3を用いて、本発明の実施例を実施する装置の概要を説明する。溶接機1はトーチ4に溶接電流、溶接電圧を供給し、ワイヤ2をトーチ4に送給するワイヤ送給装置3にワイヤ送給速度指令を出力し、更に、電磁弁5と電磁弁6を制御する。電磁弁5はArガス7の流量を調整する電磁弁であり、電磁弁6はCO2 ガス8の流量を調整する電磁弁である。
【0007】
次に図1を用いて、本発明のフローを各ステップ毎に説明する。
(STEP1)溶接開始点にてアーク発生を確認する。
(STEP2)STEP1においてアーク発生を確認できない場合、Ar:80%,CO2 :20%の混合比よりなるMAGガス、または、Arガスを用いてアークトライを行う。
(STEP3)STEP1においてアーク発生を確認した場合、図2(a)に示すようなCO2 溶接に移行するため、CO2 ガスの電磁弁を開放し、Arガスの電磁弁を閉じて溶接開始時の一連の処理を終了する。
(STEP4)溶接時間(t)が溶接終了時間(T)より設定時間(ΔT)だけ前の時間(T−ΔT)以上であることを確認する。(t≧T−ΔT)
(STEP5)STEP4においてt≧T−ΔTを確認できない場合、CO2 溶接を続行する
(STEP6)STEP4においてt≧T−ΔTを確認した場合、図2(b)に示すようなMAG溶接に移行するため、MAGガスの電磁弁を開放し、CO2 ガスの電磁弁を閉じて溶接開始時の一連の処理を終了する。
【0008】
以上の実施例では、所定の溶接時間を予め記憶しておき、それと実溶接時間を比較することで溶接終了直前を把握しているが、時間ではなく、位置あるいは距離データから同様に溶接終了直前を把握してもよい。
そのために、溶接機1内に時間(あるいは位置または距離)を記憶するメモリ、実溶接時間(あるいは位置または距離)を検出する手段、および比較手段を設けている。
また、以上の実施例では、溶接終了時には完全に混合比率が安定してから終了したが、混合比率の変化中に終了してもよい。
さらに、本実施例では、上述したように溶接機1が各制御指令を発するものとしているが、溶接ロボットを使用して本発明を実施する場合は、溶接ロボット制御装置にこのような制御指令を発する機能をもたせてもよい。
【0009】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によればシールドガスの電位傾度の大きさの違いに着目し、アーク発生時に電位傾度の小さいガスを主に用い、アーク確認後は電位傾度は大きいがガスコストの小さいCO2 溶接に切り替え、消弧時に電位傾度の小さいガスを主に用いた溶接に切り替えるので、アーク発生不良防止とガスコスト削減が実現可能で、溶接終了時に良好なビード外観が得られることとガスコスト削減が実現可能である。
【図の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例のフローチャート
【図2】本発明の作用説明図であり、(a)は溶接開始時、(b)は溶接終了時の説明図。
【図3】本発明の実施例を実施する装置の概要図
【符号の説明】
1 溶接機
2 ワイヤ
3 ワイヤ送給装置
4 トーチ
5 電磁弁
6 電磁弁
7 ArまたはMAGガスボンベ
8 CO2 ガスボンベ[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method in arc welding, and more particularly to a welding method at the start and end of welding.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method, a shield gas having a constant mixing ratio is used from the start of welding to the end of welding mainly for the purpose of protecting the weld from the surrounding atmosphere. In particular, in the welding to emphasize penetration CO 2: with 100% gas, and, CO 2 gas for cheaper than in Ar gas, CO 2 gas is generally used. On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-35230 (p4), carbon dioxide gas and a mixed gas of carbon dioxide gas and argon gas are alternately supplied to change the arc voltage alternately, thereby dividing the molten pool into small areas. Welding is disclosed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional method, when a shield gas having a relatively high potential gradient such as CO 2 welding is used, an arc generation failure is likely to occur at the welding start point, and a good bead at the welding start point and the welding end point. There was a problem that the appearance was difficult to obtain. Furthermore, although a bead appearance problem can be solved by a welding method in which a gas having a relatively low potential gradient such as MAG welding is mixed, since the gas having a small potential gradient such as Ar is used from the start to the end of welding, the cost of the gas itself There was a problem that became larger. The technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-35230 is not applicable at the start and end of welding.
Therefore, the present invention uses a gas having a relatively small potential gradient (for example, Ar gas) as a shield gas only during a gradual increase time set after the arc is generated at the time of arc start, thereby preventing arc generation failure at the start of arc welding. An object of the present invention is to provide an arc welding method which aims to reduce gas cost, use CO 2 gas during welding, obtain a good bead appearance by using a gas having a low potential gradient again at the end of welding, and at the same time reduce gas cost. .
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention performs an arc trie using a shielding gas having a lower potential gradient than the CO 2 gas at the start of welding, and after the arc generation is confirmed, the CO 2 gas mixture ratio is increased gradually. The ratio is gradually increased to shift to CO 2 welding, and the mixing ratio of the shielding gas having a small potential gradient is gradually increased to CO 2 immediately before the end of welding.
[0005]
[Action]
Since a shield gas having a lower potential gradient than that of CO 2 gas is used at the start of welding, an arc is easily generated. When an arc is generated, the mixing ratio of CO 2 gas is increased and the process proceeds to CO 2 welding with a lower gas cost. .
Since a shield gas having a lower potential gradient than the CO 2 gas is used at the end of welding, the arc is extinguished gently, and a good bead appearance can be obtained at the end of welding.
[0006]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for changing the mixing ratio of shield gas at the start of welding, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for carrying out an embodiment of the present invention. First, the outline | summary of the apparatus which implements the Example of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. The welding machine 1 supplies a welding current and welding voltage to the torch 4, outputs a wire feed speed command to the
[0007]
Next, the flow of the present invention will be described step by step with reference to FIG.
(STEP 1) The occurrence of arc is confirmed at the welding start point.
(STEP 2) When arc generation cannot be confirmed in STEP 1, arc trie is performed using MAG gas or Ar gas having a mixing ratio of Ar: 80% and CO 2 : 20%.
(STEP 3) When the occurrence of an arc is confirmed in STEP 1, in order to shift to CO 2 welding as shown in FIG. 2A, the CO 2 gas solenoid valve is opened and the Ar gas solenoid valve is closed to start welding. The series of processes is terminated.
(STEP 4) It is confirmed that the welding time (t) is equal to or longer than the time (T−ΔT) that is a set time (ΔT) before the welding end time (T). (T ≧ T−ΔT)
(STEP 5) If t ≧ T−ΔT cannot be confirmed in STEP 4, continue CO 2 welding. (STEP 6) If t ≧ T−ΔT is confirmed in STEP 4, the process proceeds to MAG welding as shown in FIG. Therefore, the electromagnetic valve for MAG gas is opened, the electromagnetic valve for CO 2 gas is closed, and a series of processes at the start of welding is completed.
[0008]
In the above embodiment, a predetermined welding time is stored in advance, and the actual welding time is compared with the predetermined welding time, so that it is grasped immediately before the end of welding. You may know.
For this purpose, a memory for storing time (or position or distance), a means for detecting actual welding time (or position or distance), and a comparison means are provided in the welding machine 1.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the welding is finished after the mixing ratio is completely stabilized at the end of welding, but may be finished during the change of the mixing ratio.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the welding machine 1 issues each control command as described above. However, when the present invention is implemented using a welding robot, such a control command is sent to the welding robot control device. It may have a function to emit.
[0009]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, focusing on the difference in the magnitude of the potential gradient of the shielding gas, a gas having a small potential gradient is mainly used at the time of arc generation. Switching to small CO 2 welding and switching to welding mainly using gas with a low potential gradient at the time of arc extinction can prevent arc generation failure and reduce gas cost, and provide a good bead appearance at the end of welding. Gas cost reduction can be realized.
[Brief description of figure]
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for carrying out an embodiment of the present invention.
1
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP06178895A JP3640076B2 (en) | 1995-02-24 | 1995-02-24 | Gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP06178895A JP3640076B2 (en) | 1995-02-24 | 1995-02-24 | Gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH08229684A JPH08229684A (en) | 1996-09-10 |
JP3640076B2 true JP3640076B2 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
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JP06178895A Expired - Fee Related JP3640076B2 (en) | 1995-02-24 | 1995-02-24 | Gas shield consumable electrode type arc welding method |
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Families Citing this family (2)
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US8158905B2 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2012-04-17 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Arc welding initiation system and method |
WO2010058531A1 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | Weld termination method and welding device |
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1995
- 1995-02-24 JP JP06178895A patent/JP3640076B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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