JP3639316B2 - Herbicidal composition for controlling weeds in rice cultivation - Google Patents
Herbicidal composition for controlling weeds in rice cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- JP3639316B2 JP3639316B2 JP27084493A JP27084493A JP3639316B2 JP 3639316 B2 JP3639316 B2 JP 3639316B2 JP 27084493 A JP27084493 A JP 27084493A JP 27084493 A JP27084493 A JP 27084493A JP 3639316 B2 JP3639316 B2 JP 3639316B2
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- plants
- crop
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Classifications
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/12—Powders or granules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/66—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms
- A01N43/68—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms with two or three nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
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Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、稲作における雑草類を防除するための除草剤組成物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
アニロホス(anilofos)は、移植されたイネにおける一年生のイネ科の雑草類およびスゲ類を防除するために使用されうる〔除草剤便覧、英国作物保護協議会編第９版第３６頁(Pesticide Manual, British Prot. Council, 9th Ed., p.36)参照〕。
【０００３】
アニロホスは、広葉の雑草類に対する作用の範囲を拡大するために、２，４- ジクロロフエノキシ酢酸（２，４- Ｄ）と組合せうることは、早くも１９８１年に記載された。これは、イヌビエ類（Echinochloa spp.) およびカモノハシ類(Ischaemum sp.) のような一年生のイネ科植物およびタマガヤツリ(Cyperusdifformis)、コゴメガヤツリ(Cyperus iria)およびヒデリコ(Fimbristylis littoralis) のようなスゲ類のみならず、またコナギ(Monochoria vaginalis)、スフエノクレア・ゼイラニカ(Sphenochlea zeylanica) およびミズユキノシタ(Ludwigia octavalis)のような広葉植物類のすぐれた防除をも可能にした。
【０００４】
特開昭５４−１６０７３７号（ドイツ特許出願公開第２，８２１，５０９号および英国特許第２，０２０，９７８号参照）には、アニロホスと２，４- Ｄ、ＭＣＰＢ、ナプロアニリド、ジアムロンおよびベンタゾンとの混合物がイネの雑草を防除するために使用した場合に相乗効果を示すことが開示されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
他方において、日本および東南アジアにおける稲作においては、上記の組合せを用いる防除が常に十分な成功をおさめるというわけにはいかない雑草があることが知られている。これらには、特に、オモダカ類(Sagittaria spp.) 、マツバイ類(Eleocharis spp.) 、ミズガヤツリ(Cyperus serotinus) およびホタルイ(Scirpus juncoides) のような雑草のみならず、また種子から発芽する雑草に比較して防除をより困難にするような土の中の多年生の器官から主として発芽するその他の雑草種もまた包含される。
【０００６】
【課題を解決しようとする手段】
驚くべきことには、本発明者らは、この度、一群の除草活性物質を使用する生物学的温室実験において、付随して使用された場合には、広範囲の雑草に対して非常にすぐれた作用を示し、そしてまたイネに対して極めて許容性の高い新規な相乗的に活性な組合せを見出した。それらは、公知の除草剤および除草剤の組合せに比較して作用および効果に関してすぐれており、そして低い使用量において使用されうる。
【０００７】
これらの新規な組合せのその他の利点は、数週間にわたる持続された長期的作用であり、それによって新たに発芽する雑草に対してその後の除草剤の施用を省くことができる。競生する雑草の繁茂を単一の施用によって防除することは、第２の操作を不必要にする。
【０００８】
本発明は、下記化合物、すなわち、
Ｂ１）ベンスルフロン- メチル(bensulfuron-methyl)、α-(４，６- ジメトキシ - ピリミジン -２- イルカルバモイルスルフアモイル)-o-トルエン酸メチル、
【０００９】
【化１４】
Ｂ２）ピラゾスルフロン- エチル(pyrazosulfuron-ethyl)、５-(４，６- ジメトキシピリミジン -２- イルカルバモイルスルフアモイル)-１- メチルピラゾール -４- カルボキシレート、
【００１１】
【化１５】
Ｂ３）シノスルフロン(cinosulfuron)、３-(４，６- ジメトキシ -１，３，５- トリアジン -２- イル)-１- 〔２-(メトキシエトキシ) フエニルスルホニル〕尿素、
【００１３】
【化１６】
Ｂ４）イマゾスルフロン(imazosulfuron) 、１-(２- クロロイミダゾ〔１，２- ａ〕ピリジン -３- イルスルホニル)-３-(４，６- ジメトキシピリミジン -２- イル）尿素、
（ＴＨ- ９１３、ヨーロッパ特許第０，２３８，０７０号中の例１）、
【００１５】
【化１７】
Ｂ５）ＡＣ ０１４、１-(２-(シクロプロピルカルボニルフエニル) スルフアモイル)-３-(４，６- ジメトキシピリミジン -２- イル）尿素、
【００１７】
【化１８】
Ｂ６）ピラゾキシフエン(pyrazoxyfen) 、２- 〔４-(２，４- ジクロロベンゾイル)-１，３- ジメチルピラゾール -５- イルオキシ〕アセトフエノン、
【００１９】
【化１９】
Ｂ７）ベンゾフエナップ(benzofenap)（ＭＹ７１）、
２- 〔４-(２，４- ジクロロ -ｍ- トルイル)-1,3-ジメチルピラゾール- 5-イルオキシ]-4'- メチルアセトフエノン
【００２１】
【化２０】
Ｂ８）ダイムロン(daimuron)、１-(１- メチル -１- フエニルエチル)-３- ｐ- トリル尿素
【００２３】
【化２１】
Ｂ９）ベンフレセート(benfuresate) 、２，３- ジヒドロ -３，３- ジメチルベンゾフラン -５- イル- エタンスルホネート、
【００２５】
【化２２】
Ｂ１０）ブロモブチド(bromobutide) 、２- ブロモ -３，３- ジメチル -Ｎ-(１ - メチル -１- フエニルエチル）ブチルアミド、
【００２７】
【化２３】
Ｂ１１）ＡＣＮ、キノクラミン(quinoclamine)、
２- アミノ -３- クロロ -１，４- ナフトキノン
【００２９】
【化２４】
Ｂ１２）ＪＣ９４０、１-(２- クロロベンジル)-３-(α，α- ジメチルベンジル )-尿素、および
ロピオン酸エチル
【００３１】
【化２５】
Ｂ１３）フエノキサプロップ- エチル(fenoxaprop-ethyl)またはフエノキサプロップ -Ｐ- エチル(fenoxaprop-P-ethyl)、 (±)-または (２Ｒ)-２- 〔４-(６- クロロベンズオキサゾール -２- イルオキシ)-フエノキシ〕プロピオン酸エチル
【００３３】
【化２６】
よりなる群からの少なくとも１種の化合物Ｂ（Ｂ型化合物）と組合せたアニロホス(anilofos)（Ｉ）
【００３５】
【化２７】
の有効量を含有する除草剤組成物に関する。
Ｂ型のすべての化合物は、米国特許出願第５，００９，６９９号から知られているＢ５（ＡＣ ０１４）、ヨーロッパ特許第０，２３８，０７０号から知られているＢ４（ＴＨ- ９１３）および特願昭６０−８７２５４号から知られているＢ１２（ＩＣ９４０）を除いて、“除草剤便覧(The Pespicide Manual)" 第９版英国作物保護協議会(Brit. Crop Prot. Council,１９９１）から知られている。
【００３７】
本発明による有効物質の混合物の特定の例として以下のものが挙げられるが、それによって限定されるものではない：
【００３８】
同様に、アニロホスは、アニロホスとピラゾスルフロンとの組合せにおいて驚くべき毒性緩和効果を有することが観察された。ピラゾスルフロンそれ自体または他の除草剤との混合物によって生ずるイネに対する潜在的な薬害は、アニロホスによって減少され、または完全に補償される。かくしてこの活性物質の組合せは、以前から知られた効果を超え、そして全く予期外のそして驚くべき仕方で見出された新たな性質を示す。
【００３９】
本発明による除草剤組成物は、広範囲にわたる経済的に重要な単子葉および双子葉の有害植物に対して卓越した除草作用を有する。これらの有効物質の組合せは、また根茎、根の断片またはその他の多年生の器官から発芽しそして防除することの困難な多年生の雑草に対しても効果的に作用する。これに関連して、これらの物質が植付け前、発芽前または発芽後に施用されたか否かということは重要なことではない。本発明による組成物によって防除されうる単子葉および双子葉の雑草植物群の若干の代表例を特定的に挙げうるが、これは一定の種属に限定することを意図するものではない。
【００４０】
上記の組成物が効果的に作用する雑草種の例は、単子葉植物のうちからイヌビエ類および一年生のもののカヤツリ類および多年生種のうちから多年生のカヤツリ類である。
【００４１】
本発明による有効物質の組合せは、例えば、ウリカワの類(Sagittaria)、オモダカの類(Alisma)、キカシグサの類(Rotala)、コナギの類(Monochoria)、マツバイの類(Eleocharis)、ホタルイの類(Scirpus) 、カヤツリの類(Cyperus) その他のような稲作の特定の条件下に見出されうる雑草のすぐれた防除を可能にする。
【００４２】
本発明による除草剤組成物が発芽前に土の表面に施用された場合には、雑草の実生は発芽が完全に阻止されるか、または雑草は、子葉の段階まで達するが、次いでそれらの生長が停止し、結局３ないし４週間経過した後に、それらは完全に枯死する。
【００４３】
有効物質の組合せが植物の緑色部分に発芽後に適用された場合には、生長は、同様に処理後極めて速やかに劇的に停止する。雑草は、適用の時点の生長段階に留るか、またはそれらは、一定の時間の後に多かれ少なかれ急速に枯死し、従って、このようにして栽培植物に対して有害な雑草による競生は、本発明による新規な組成物を使用することによって、極めて初期の時点においてそして持続的に除去される。
【００４４】
本発明による組成物は、単子葉および双子葉の雑草に対して卓越した除草作用を有するが、イネ植物は、全く薬害を受けないか、または無視しうる程度にしか薬害を受けない。これらの理由から、これらの組成物は、特にイネにおける望ましくない植物を選択的に防除するのに極めて好適である。
【００４５】
本発明による有効物質の組合せを用いることによって、個々の成分の活性に基いて予期されるべき活性を超える除草作用が達成される。これらの増大された作用は、適用された個々の活性物質の量の実質的な減少を可能にする。除草剤の組合せは、またそれらの持続的な作用を改善するかまたは作用の速度を加速させうる。そのような性質は、実際に雑草を防除する場合に使用者にとって大きな利点である。それは、使用者にとって雑草をより経済的に、より速やかに、より労力を少なく、そしてより持続的に防除することを可能にし、かくして栽培植物のより大きな収穫が得られる。
【００４６】
更に、一連の有効物質の組合せが卓越した毒性緩和あるいは解毒作用を示すこと、すなわち、使用された有効物質の毒性副作用が栽培植物、例えばイネにおいて軽減されまたは完全に避けられる。
【００４７】
各種成分の混合比は、広い限界内で変動しうる。それらは、特に使用される成分、雑草の生長段階、雑草の種類および気象状態に依存する。
本発明による有効物質の組合せは、２種の成分の混合物の形態で存在することができ、それらは、次に通常の方法で水で希釈されるか、あるいは別々に調製される各成分を混合し、そしてこの混合物を水で希釈することによって、いわゆるタンクミックスとして製造されうる。
【００４８】
配合物（組合せ）は、主な生物学的および／または化学- 物理的パラメーターに依存して、種々の方法で調合されうる。適当な可能な調合物の例は次のとおりである：水和剤（ＷＰ）、乳剤（ＥＣ）、水溶液（ＳＬ）、水中油型および油中水型エマルションのようなエマルション（ＥＷ）、噴霧用溶液またはエマルション、油性または水性分散物、サスポエマルション、粉剤（ＤＰ）、種子処理剤、しかし特に土壌用および撒布用の粒剤、または顆粒水和剤（ＷＧ）、ＵＬＶ調合物、マイクロカプセルまたはワックス。
【００４９】
これらの個々の調合形態は、原則的に知られており、そして例えば以下の文献に記載されている：ウイナッカー- キュヒラー著「化学技術」第７巻、ハウザー社刊、第４版１９８６年(Winnacker-Kuechler, “Chemische Technologie", Vol.7, C. Hauser Verlag, Munich, 4th Ed., １９８６）；フアン・フアルケンブルク著「農薬調合物」マルセル・デッカー社刊、第２版１９７２−７３年(van Valkenburg, “Pesticide Formulations", Marcel Dekker N.Y., 2nd Ed.１９７２−７３）；マルテンス編「噴霧乾燥便覧」第３版、グットウイン社刊(K. Martens, “Spray Drying Handbook", 3rd Ed., G.Goodwin Ltd. London) 。
【００５０】
不活性物質、界面活性剤、溶剤およびその他の添加剤のような必要な調合助剤もまた知られており、例えば下記の文献に記載されている：ワトキンス編「殺虫剤粉末希釈剤および担体のハンドブック」第２版ダーランドンブックス社刊(Watkins, "Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers", 2nd Ed.,Darland Books, Caldwell N.J.) ；オルフエン著「粘土コロイド化学入門」第２版ウイリー社刊（H. v. Olphen, "Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry", 2nd Ed., J. Wiley & Sons, N.Y.) ；マースデン著「溶剤ガイド」第２版インタ−サイエンス社１９５０年刊(Marsden, "Solvents Guide", 2nd Ed., Interscience, N.Y.１９５０）；マククチエオン編「洗剤および乳化剤年鑑、ＭＣ出版社刊(McCutcheon's "Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual", MC Publ. Corp., Ridgewood N.J.)；シスレー、ウッド編「界面活性剤百科事典」ケミカル出版社１９６４年刊(Sisley and Wood, "Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents", Chem Publ. Co. Inc., N.Y.１９６４）；シエーンフエルト著「界面活性エチレンオキシドアダクツ」ヴイッセンシャフト出版社１９７６年刊(Schoenfeldt, "Grenzflaechenaktive Aethylenoxidaddukte", Wiss.Verlagsgesell., Stuttgart １９７６）；ウイナッカー- キュヒラー編「化学技」第７巻ハウザー出版社第４版１９８６年刊(Winnacker-Kuechler,"Chemische Technologie", Vol. 7, C. Hauser Verlag Munich , 4th Ed.１９８６）。
【００５１】
これらの調合物に基づいて、他の農薬有効物質、例えば他の除草剤、殺菌剤または殺虫剤、そしてまた、肥料および／または生長調整剤との組合せもまた、例えばレディーミックスの形であるいはタンクミックスとして調製されうる。
【００５２】
水和剤は、水中に均一に分散されうる調合物であって、有効物質および希釈剤または不活性物質のほかにまた湿潤剤、例えばポリオキシエチル化アルキルフエノール、ポリオキシエチル化脂肪アルコールまたは脂肪アミン、アルカンスルホネートまたはアルキルベンゼンスルホネート、および分散剤、例えばリグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム、２，２'-ジナフチルメタン -６，６'-ジスルホン酸ナトリウム、ジブチルナフタレンスルホン酸ナトリウム、そしてまたオレイルメチルタウリン酸ナトリウムを、含有する。
【００５３】
乳剤（乳化性濃縮物）は、有効物質を有機溶剤、例えばブタノール、シクロヘキサノン、ジメチルホルムアミド、キシレンまたは他の高沸点芳香族化合物または炭化水素中に１種またはそれ以上の乳化剤を添加しながら溶解することによって調製される。使用されうる乳化剤は、例えば、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸カルシウムのようなアルキルアリールスルホン酸のカルシウム塩または非イオン乳化剤、例えば、脂肪酸ポリグリコールエステル、アルキルアリールポリグリコールエーテル、脂肪アルコールポリグリコールエーテル、プロピレンオキシド／エチレンオキシド縮合生成物、アルキルポリエーテル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルまたはポリオキシエチレンソルビトールエステルである。
【００５４】
粉剤は、有効物質を微細に分割された固体物質、例えばタルク、天然粘土、例えばカオリン、ベントナイトおよび葉ろう石またはケイソウ土と共に粉砕することによって得られる。
【００５５】
粒剤は、有効物質を吸着性の粒状不活性物質上に噴霧するかまたは有効物質濃縮物を砂、カオリナイトまたは粒状の不活性物質のような担体の表面上に接着剤（例えばポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムあるいは鉱油によって塗布することによって調製されうる。肥料粒状物の製造にとって通例の方法で、所望ならば肥料との混合物として適当な有効物質を粒状化することもできる。
【００５６】
本発明による農薬製剤は、一般に、有効物質ＡまたはＢを０．１ないし９９重量％、特に２ないし９５重量％含有する。有効物質ＡおよびＢは、種々の濃度で調合物中に存在しうる。
【００５７】
水和剤中の有効物質の濃度は、例えば、約１０ないし９５重量％であり、１００重量％までの残りは、通常の調合成分よりなる。乳剤の場合には、有効物質の濃度は、約１ないし８５重量％、好ましくは５ないし８０重量％でよい。粉剤の形態の調合物は、１ないし２５重量％、大抵５ないし２０重量％の有効物質を含有し、そして噴霧用溶液は、約０．２ないし２５重量％、好ましくは２ないし２０重量％の有効物質を含有する。粒剤、例えば顆粒水和剤の場合には、有効物質の含量は、ある程度まで有効化合物が液体であるかまたは固体であるかそしていかなる造粒助剤および充填剤が使用されているかということによって左右される。一般に、顆粒水和剤は、５ないし９０重量％の、そして撒布用粒剤は、１ないし５０％、好ましくは２ないし２５％の有効物質を含有する。
【００５８】
更に、上記の有効物質の調合物は、場合によっては、それぞれの場合に慣用される接着剤、湿潤剤、分散剤、乳化剤、浸透剤、溶剤、充填剤または担体を含有する。
【００５９】
使用に際しては、市販の形態で存在する調合物は、場合によっては、通常の方法で、例えば水和剤、乳剤、分散剤および顆粒水和剤の場合には水を使用して希釈される。粉剤および土壌用または撒布用の粒剤ならびに噴霧用溶液は、使用前に他の不活性物質で更に希釈されることはない。
【００６０】
必要とされる混合物の使用量は、例えば、温度、湿度のような外的条件、使用される除草剤の種類その他によって変動する。
【００６１】
【実施例】
以下の例は、本発明をより詳細に説明することを意図したものである。
Ａ．調合例
ａ）一つの粉剤が本発明による有効物質の組合せ１０重量部および不活性物質としてのタルク９０重量部を混合し、そしてこの混合物をハンマーミルで粉砕することによって得られる。
ｂ）水中に容易に分散されうる一つの水和剤が有効物質の組合せ５重量部、および不活性物質としてカオリン含有石英６４重量部、リグニンスルホン酸カリウム１０重量部および湿潤剤および分散剤としてのオレイルメチルタウリン酸ナトリウム１重量部を混合し、そしてこの混合物をピンデイスクミルで粉砕することによって得られる。
ｃ）水中に容易に分散されうる一つの分散濃縮物が有効物質の組合せ２０重量部をアルキルフエノールポリグリコールエーテル〔(R) トリトン( (R) Triton) Ｘ２０７〕６重量部、イソトリデカノールポリグリコールエーテル（ＥＯ ８単位）３重量部およびパラフイン系鉱油（沸騰範囲、例えば約２５５ないし２７７℃以上まで）７１重量部と混合し、そしてこの混合物をボールミルで５ミクロン以下の微細度になるまで粉砕することによって得られる。
ｄ）一つの乳剤が有効物質の組合せ１５重量部、溶剤としてのシクロヘキサノン７５重量部および乳化剤としてエトキシル化ノニルフエノール１０重量部から得られる。
ｅ）顆粒水和剤が、
有効物質の組合せ ７５重量部
リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム １０重量部
ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム ５重量部
ポリビニルアルコール ３重量部
およびカオリン ７重量部
を混合し、この混合物をピンデイスクミルで粉砕し、そしてこの粉末を流動床で造粒用液体としての水の上に噴霧することによって得られる。
ｆ）顆粒水和剤もまた、
有効物質の組合せ ２５重量部
２，２’- ジナフチルメタン -６，６'-ジスルホン酸ナトリウム ５重量部
オレイルメチルタウリン酸ナトリウム ２重量部
ポリビニルアルコール １重量部
炭酸カルシウム １７重量部
および水 ５０重量部
をコロイドミルで均一化し、そして前粉砕し、次いでこの混合物をビーズミルで粉砕し、そして得られた懸濁物をスプレー塔において単一物質用ノズルを用いて噴霧し、そして乾燥することによって得られる。
生物試験例
１．雑草に対する発芽前処理効果
単子葉および双子葉の雑草植物の種子または根茎の断片を直径９ｃｍのプラスチックポット内の砂の多いローム質の土に植付けそして土で覆う。水が土の表面に達するかまたは数ミリメートルの深さまで溢れるような量の水がポット内に入れられた水浸しの土の中で、イネの栽培において見出される雑草が栽培される。水和剤または乳剤として調剤された本発明による有効物質の組合せおよび並行して実施された実験において同様にして調剤されたそれらの個々の有効物質が１ｈａ当り水３００ないし６００ｌの施用量（換算された量）で水性懸濁物またはエマルションの形で覆土の表面上に種々の配量で適用されるか、またはイネの場合には、灌漑水中に注がれる。処理後、ポットを温室内に置きそして雑草にとって良好な生長条件下に保つ。植物の損傷または発芽に対する否定的効果の視覚による評価を、試験植物が３ないし４週間の試験期間後に、未処理の対照と比較して実施した。本発明による除草剤組成物は、広範囲にわたるイネ科の雑草および広葉の雑草に対してすぐれた発芽前除草作用を示す。
【００６２】
すべての場合に、計算された効果の程度は、組合せにおいて見出される効果とは異なっていた。理論的に予想される組合せの計算された効果の程度は、コルビー（S. R. Colby)による計算式：除草剤の組合せの相乗的および拮抗的反応の計算(“Calculation of synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicidecombinations", Weeds １５（１９６７），pages ２０−２２参照）によって決定される。
【００６３】
２種の有効物質の組合せの場合には、この式は、次の通りである：
【００６４】
【化２８】
そして、従って、３種の除草活性物質の組合せの場合には：
【００６６】
【化２９】
上式中、
Ｘ＝ｘ ｋｇ／ｈａの施用量における除草剤Ａによる損傷度％；
Ｙ＝ｙ ｋｇ／ｈａの施用量における除草剤Ｂによる損傷度％；
Ｚ＝ｚ ｋｇ／ｈａの施用量における除草剤Ｃによる損傷度％；
Ｅ＝ｘ＋ｙ（またはｘ＋ｙ＋ｚ）ｋｇ／ｈａにおける除草剤Ａ＋Ｂ（またはＡ＋Ｂ＋Ｃ）による予想される損傷度％。
【００６８】
現実の損傷度が計算によって予想される損傷度を超える場合には、組合せの作用は、超付加的であり、すなわち、相乗的反応がある。
本発明による有効物質の組合せは、個々に適用された場合に観察される個々の成分の活性に基づいて予想される活性を超える除草活性（コルビーの式による計算）を有する。このことは有効物質の組合せが相乗的であることを意味する。
２．雑草に対する発芽後除草作用
単子葉および双子葉の雑草の種子または根茎の断片を土で覆われたプラスチックポット中の砂の多いローム質の土の中に置き、そして良好な成育条件下で温室内で栽培する。イネの栽培において見られる雑草を土の表面が２ｃｍの深さまで水に浸ったポット内で栽培し、そして実験の期間中成育せしめる。播種の３週間後に、３葉期の試験植物を処理する。
【００６９】
水和剤または乳剤として調剤された本発明による有効物質の組合せを、そして比較実験においては同様にして調剤された個々の有効物質を、１ｈａ当り水３００ないし６００ｌの施用量（換算された）において植物の緑色部分に種々の薬量で噴霧し、そして理想的な成育条件下で試験植物を温室内に３ないし４週間置き、調合剤の効果を未処理の対照と比較することにより視覚的に評価する。イネまたは稲作において見出される雑草類の場合には、有効物質は、また潅漑水に直接に添加（いわゆる顆粒施用に類似する施用法）されるか、または植物および潅漑水中に噴霧される。本発明による組成物は、また広範囲にわたる経済的に重要なイネ科の雑草および広葉の雑草に対するすぐれた発芽後除草作用を有する。コルビー法による分析によれば、本発明による組成物は、相乗作用を有する。
【００７０】
アニロホスに対するダイムロン（Ｂ８）およびＪＣ- ９４０（Ｂ１２）の毒性緩和作用の例
温室内でイネをプラスチックポット内の砂の多い土の中に移植しそして２．５葉期に達するまで栽培した。土の表面は、全実験期間にわたって３ｃｍの深さに溢水されていた。
【００７１】
次に、本発明による物質による処理を、個々にそしてそれらの混合物の形で、水中に懸濁されまたは乳濁された生成物をポット内の冠水中に注ぐことによって行った。
【００７２】
次に、イネに対する薬害を、試験植物の新芽の新鮮な重量を測定することによって、処理の約３週間後に評価した。
下記の表は、得られた実験データおよびコルビーの式によって計算された予想値を示す。表中に示された数値は、ダイムロンおよびＪＣ- ９４０の両方がアニロホスによって生ずるイネに対する薬害の減少に極めて顕著な効果を示すこと、すなわち、これらの両方の除草剤がアニロホスに対して顕著な毒性緩和効果を有することが明らかに証明している。混合物のすべての変形の場合に、コルビーの式によって計算された予想値は、問題の組合せについて測定された現実の数値よりかなり低い。
【００７３】
コルビーの式を使用した除草剤の相乗および拮抗作用の計算式：
Ｅ＝Ｈ１* Ｈ２／１００
上式中、Ｈ１およびＨ２は、百分率で表された除草剤の作用である。
評価の基準：百分率で表された対照の若芽の新鮮な重量
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a herbicidal composition for controlling weeds in rice cultivation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Anilofos can be used to control annual grass weeds and sedges in transplanted rice [Herbicide Handbook, British Crop Protection Council, 9th edition, page 36 (Pesticide Manual, British Prot. Council, 9th Ed., P. 36)].
[0003]
It was described as early as 1981 that anilophos can be combined with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to expand the range of action on broad-leaved weeds. This includes annual grasses such as Echinochloa spp. And Platypus (Ischaemum sp.) And sedges only such as Cyperusdifformis, Cyperus iria and Hiderico (Fimbristylis littoralis). It also allowed excellent control of broad-leaved plants such as Monochoria vaginalis, Sphenochlea zeylanica and Ludwigia octavalis.
[0004]
JP-A-54-160737 (see German Patent Application Publication No. 2,821,509 and British Patent No. 2,020,978) describes anilophos and 2,4-D, MCPB, naproanilide, diamron and bentazone. It is disclosed that this mixture exhibits a synergistic effect when used to control rice weeds.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, in rice cultivation in Japan and Southeast Asia, it is known that there are weeds where control using the above combinations cannot always be fully successful. These include, in particular, weeds such as the moss (Sagittaria spp.), The pine moth (Eleocharis spp.), The sedge (Cyperus serotinus) and the firefly (Scirpus juncoides), as well as weeds that germinate from seeds. Also included are other weed species that germinate primarily from perennial organs in the soil that make control more difficult.
[0006]
[Means to solve the problem]
Surprisingly, the inventors now have a very good effect on a wide range of weeds when used concomitantly in biological greenhouse experiments using a group of herbicidal active substances. And also found a novel synergistically active combination that is very tolerant to rice. They are superior in terms of action and effect compared to known herbicides and herbicide combinations and can be used in low dosages.
[0007]
Another advantage of these novel combinations is a sustained long-term effect over several weeks, thereby eliminating the subsequent application of herbicides to newly germinated weeds. Controlling the growth of competing weeds with a single application makes the second operation unnecessary.
[0008]
The present invention includes the following compounds:
B1) Bensulfuron-methyl, methyl α- (4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidine-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) -o-toluate,
[0009]
Embedded image
B2) pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 5- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) -1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate,
[0011]
Embedded image
B3) Cinosulfuron, 3- (4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -1- [2- (methoxyethoxy) phenylsulfonyl] urea,
[0013]
Embedded image
B4) imazosulfuron, 1- (2-chloroimidazo [1,2-a] pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl) -3- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) urea,
(Example 1 in TH-913, European Patent No. 0,238,070),
[0015]
Embedded image
B5) AC 014,1- (2- (cyclopropylcarbonylphenyl) sulfamoyl) -3- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) urea,
[0017]
Embedded image
B6) Pyrazoxyfen, 2- [4- (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) -1,3-dimethylpyrazol-5-yloxy] acetophenone,
[0019]
Embedded image
B7) Benzofenap (MY71),
2- [4- (2,4-Dichloro-m-toluyl) -1,3-dimethylpyrazol-5-yloxy] -4'-methylacetophenone
Embedded image
B8) Daimuron, 1- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) -3-p-tolylurea
Embedded image
B9) Benfuresate, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethylbenzofuran-5-yl-ethanesulfonate,
[0025]
Embedded image
B10) bromobutide, 2-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-N- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) butyramide,
[0027]
Embedded image
B11) ACN, quinoclamine,
2-Amino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone
Embedded image
B12) J C940, 1- (2-Chlorobenzyl) -3- (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) -urea, and ethyl lopionate
Embedded image
B13) fenoxaprop-ethyl or fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, (±)-or (2R) -2- [4- (6-chlorobenzoxazole) -2-yloxy) -phenoxy] ethyl propionate
Embedded image
Anilofos (I) in combination with at least one compound B (type B compound) from the group consisting of
[0035]
Embedded image
Relates to a herbicidal composition containing an effective amount of
All compounds of type B are B5 (AC 014) known from US Pat. No. 5,009,699, B4 (TH-913) known from EP 0,238,070 and Except for B12 (IC940) known from Japanese Patent Application No. 60-87254, “The Pespicide Manual”, 9th edition Brit. Crop Prot. Council, 1991 It has been.
[0037]
Specific examples of active substance mixtures according to the invention include, but are not limited to:
[0038]
Similarly, anilofos was observed to have a surprising toxicity mitigating effect in the combination of anilofos and pyrazosulfuron. Potential phytotoxicity to rice caused by pyrazosulfuron itself or in admixture with other herbicides is reduced or fully compensated by anilophos. Thus, this active substance combination exhibits new properties that go beyond previously known effects and have been found in completely unexpected and surprising ways.
[0039]
The herbicidal compositions according to the invention have an excellent herbicidal action against a wide range of economically important monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants. These active substance combinations also work effectively against perennial weeds that germinate and are difficult to control from rhizomes, root fragments or other perennial organs. In this context, it is not important whether these substances have been applied before planting, before germination or after germination. Some representative examples of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants that can be controlled by the composition according to the invention may be mentioned specifically, but this is not intended to be limited to a certain species.
[0040]
Examples of weed species for which the above composition works effectively are the monocotyledonous species, the canopy, the annual oysters, and the perennial cynomolgus species.
[0041]
The active substance combinations according to the invention are, for example, Urikawas (Sagittaria), Omodakas (Alisma), Stagweeds (Rotala), Konagis (Monochoria), Matsubais (Eleocharis), Fireflys ( Scirpus), Cyperus, and others that allow for excellent control of weeds that can be found under certain conditions of rice farming.
[0042]
If the herbicidal composition according to the invention is applied to the surface of the soil before germination, the weed seedlings are completely prevented from germination or the weeds reach the cotyledon stage, but then their growth They stop and eventually die after 3 to 4 weeks.
[0043]
If the active substance combination is applied after germination to the green part of the plant, the growth also stops dramatically very quickly after treatment as well. Weeds remain in the growth stage at the time of application, or they die more or less rapidly after a certain time, and thus competition by weeds harmful to cultivated plants is not By using the novel composition according to the invention, it is removed at a very early point and continuously.
[0044]
The composition according to the invention has an excellent herbicidal action against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds, but rice plants are not phytotoxic at all or negligibly phytotoxic. For these reasons, these compositions are very suitable for selectively controlling unwanted plants, especially in rice.
[0045]
By using the active substance combinations according to the invention, a herbicidal action is achieved that exceeds the expected activity based on the activity of the individual components. These increased effects allow a substantial reduction in the amount of individual active substance applied. Combinations of herbicides can also improve their sustained action or accelerate the speed of action. Such a property is a great advantage for the user when actually controlling weeds. It makes it possible for the user to control weeds more economically, more quickly, with less effort and more sustainably, thus obtaining a greater yield of cultivated plants.
[0046]
Furthermore, the combination of a series of active substances exhibits excellent toxicity mitigation or detoxification, i.e. the toxic side effects of the active substances used are reduced or completely avoided in cultivated plants, for example rice.
[0047]
The mixing ratio of the various components can vary within wide limits. They depend in particular on the components used, the stage of weed growth, the type of weed and the weather conditions.
The active substance combinations according to the invention can exist in the form of a mixture of two components, which are then diluted with water in the usual manner or mixed with each component prepared separately. And by diluting this mixture with water, it can be produced as a so-called tank mix.
[0048]
Formulations (combinations) can be formulated in various ways depending on the main biological and / or chemical-physical parameters. Examples of suitable possible formulations are: wettable powder (WP), emulsion (EC), aqueous solution (SL), emulsions (EW) such as oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, sprays Solutions or emulsions, oily or aqueous dispersions, suspoemulsions, powders (DP), seed treatments, but especially soil and spreading granules , or granule wettable powders (WG), ULV formulations, microcapsules Or wax.
[0049]
These individual formulations are known in principle and are described, for example, in the following literature: Winnacker-Kuchler, “Chemical Technology”, Volume 7, published by Hauser, 4th edition 1986 (Winnacker -Kuechler, “Chemische Technologie”, Vol. 7, C. Hauser Verlag, Munich, 4th Ed., 1986); “Pesticide Formulation” by Juan Falkenburg, published by Marcel Decker, 2nd edition, 1972-73 (van Valkenburg, “Pesticide Formulations”, Marcel Dekker NY, 2nd Ed. 1972-73); Martens edition “Spray Drying Handbook” 3rd edition, published by Goodwin (K. Martens, “Spray Drying Handbook”, 3rd Ed., G. Goodwin Ltd. London).
[0050]
Necessary formulation aids such as inert substances, surfactants, solvents and other additives are also known and are described, for example, in the following literature: Ed. Watkins, “Insecticide Powder Diluents and Carriers "Handbook" 2nd edition published by Darlandon Books (Watkins, "Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers", 2nd Ed., Darland Books, Caldwell NJ); ... v Olphen, "Introduction to Clay C o lloid Chemistry", 2nd ed, J. Wiley & Sons, NY); Marsden et al., "solvent Guide" second edition interface - Science 1950 annual (Marsden, "solvents Guide" , 2nd Ed., Interscience, NY 1950); edited by MacChi-Teon “Years of Detergents and Emulsifiers, published by MC Publishing Company (McCutcheon's“ Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual ”, MC Publ. Corp., Ridgewood NJ); Encyclopedia "Chemical Publishing 1964 (Sisley and Wood, “Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents”, Chem Publ. Co. Inc., NY 1964); “Surfactant Ethylene Oxide Adducts” by Siene Felt, 1976 (Schoenfeldt, “Grenzflaechenaktive Aethylenoxidaddukte” ", Wiss. Verlagsgesell., Stuttgart 1976); Winnacker-Kuechler," Chemische Technologie ", Vol. 7, C. Hauser Verlag Munich, 4th Ed. 1986).
[0051]
Based on these formulations, combinations with other agrochemical active substances such as other herbicides, fungicides or insecticides and also fertilizers and / or growth regulators are also possible, for example in the form of ready mixes or tanks Can be prepared as a mix.
[0052]
A wettable powder is a formulation that can be uniformly dispersed in water, in addition to active substances and diluents or inert substances, and also wetting agents such as polyoxyethylated alkylphenols, polyoxyethylated fatty alcohols or fats. Amines, alkane sulfonates or alkyl benzene sulfonates, and dispersants such as sodium lignin sulfonate, 2,2'-dinaphthylmethane-6,6'-sodium disulfonate, sodium dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate, and also sodium oleyl methyl taurate ,contains.
[0053]
Emulsions (emulsifiable concentrates) dissolve the active substance in organic solvents such as butanol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, xylene or other high boiling aromatic compounds or hydrocarbons with the addition of one or more emulsifiers. It is prepared by. Emulsifiers that can be used are, for example, calcium salts of alkylaryl sulfonic acids such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate or nonionic emulsifiers such as fatty acid polyglycol esters, alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, propylene oxide / Ethylene oxide condensation products, alkyl polyethers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters or polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters.
[0054]
Powders are obtained by grinding the active substance together with finely divided solid substances such as talc, natural clays such as kaolin, bentonite and granite or diatomaceous earth.
[0055]
Granules can be sprayed with an active substance onto an adsorbent particulate inert substance or an active substance concentrate can be applied to the surface of a carrier such as sand, kaolinite or particulate inert substance (eg polyvinyl alcohol, It can be prepared by application with sodium polyacrylate or mineral oil, and in a manner customary for the production of fertilizer granules, the active substance suitable as a mixture with fertilizer can be granulated if desired.
[0056]
The agrochemical formulations according to the invention generally contain 0.1 to 99% by weight, in particular 2 to 95% by weight, of the active substance A or B. Active substances A and B can be present in the formulation in various concentrations.
[0057]
The concentration of the active substance in the wettable powder is, for example, about 10 to 95% by weight, with the remainder up to 100% by weight consisting of the usual formulation ingredients. In the case of emulsions, the active substance concentration may be about 1 to 85% by weight, preferably 5 to 80% by weight. Formulations in powder form contain 1 to 25% by weight, usually 5 to 20% by weight of active substance, and spray solutions are about 0.2 to 25% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight. Contains active substances. In the case of granules , for example granulated wettable powders , the active substance content depends, to some extent, on whether the active compound is liquid or solid and what granulation aids and fillers are used. It depends. In general, granule wettable powders contain from 5 to 90% by weight, and sprinkling granules contain from 1 to 50%, preferably from 2 to 25% active substance.
[0058]
Furthermore, the active substance formulations described above optionally contain adhesives, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, penetrants, solvents, fillers or carriers customarily used in each case.
[0059]
In use, formulations present in commercial form are optionally diluted in the usual manner, for example with water in the case of wettable powders, emulsions, dispersants and granular wettable powders . Powders and soil or distribution granules and spray solutions are not further diluted with other inert materials prior to use.
[0060]
The amount of mixture required will vary depending on, for example, external conditions such as temperature, humidity, the type of herbicide used and the like.
[0061]
【Example】
The following examples are intended to explain the invention in more detail.
A. Formulation a) A powder is obtained by mixing 10 parts by weight of the active substance combination according to the invention and 90 parts by weight of talc as inert substance and grinding this mixture with a hammer mill.
b) One wettable powder which can be easily dispersed in water is 5 parts by weight of active substance combination, 64 parts by weight of kaolin-containing quartz as inert substance, 10 parts by weight of potassium lignin sulfonate and as a wetting agent and dispersant. It is obtained by mixing 1 part by weight of sodium oleylmethyl taurate and grinding this mixture with a pin disk mill.
c) combining 20 parts by weight of alkylphenol polyglycol ether readily dispersible concentrate active substance one which can be dispersed in water [(R) Triton ((R) Triton) X207] 6 parts by weight, isotridecanol poly Mix with 3 parts by weight of glycol ether (EO 8 units) and 71 parts by weight of paraffinic mineral oil (boiling range, for example up to about 255 to 277 ° C. or more) and grind this mixture to a fineness of 5 microns or less in a ball mill It is obtained by doing.
d) One emulsion is obtained from 15 parts by weight of the active substance combination, 75 parts by weight of cyclohexanone as solvent and 10 parts by weight of ethoxylated nonylphenol as emulsifier.
e) Granule wettable powder
Combination of active substances 75 parts by weight calcium lignin sulfonate 10 parts by weight sodium lauryl sulfate 5 parts by weight polyvinyl alcohol 3 parts by weight and kaolin 7 parts by weight, the mixture is ground in a pin disk mill and the powder is fluidized Obtained by spraying on water as a granulating liquid.
f) Granule wettable powder also
Combination of active substances 25 parts by weight 2,2'-dinaphthylmethane-6,6'-sodium disulfonate 5 parts by weight sodium oleylmethyl taurate 2 parts by weight polyvinyl alcohol 1 part by weight calcium carbonate 17 parts by weight and water 50 parts by weight Is obtained by homogenizing and pregrinding in a colloid mill, then grinding the mixture in a bead mill and spraying the resulting suspension with a single substance nozzle in a spray tower and drying .
Biological Test Example 1 Effect of pre-emergence treatment on weeds Seed or rhizome fragments of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants are planted and covered with sandy loamy soil in a 9 cm diameter plastic pot. Weeds found in rice cultivation are cultivated in submerged soil where the amount of water is placed in a pot such that the water reaches the surface of the soil or overflows to a depth of a few millimeters. Combinations of the active substances according to the invention formulated as wettable powders or emulsions and their individual active substances formulated in parallel in experiments carried out in parallel are applied at a rate of 300 to 600 l of water per ha (converted). Applied in various dosages on the surface of the cover soil in the form of aqueous suspensions or emulsions or, in the case of rice, poured into irrigation water. After treatment, the pot is placed in a greenhouse and kept under good growth conditions for weeds. A visual assessment of negative effects on plant damage or germination was carried out in comparison to untreated controls for the test plants after a test period of 3-4 weeks. The herbicidal composition according to the invention exhibits excellent pre-emergence herbicidal action against a wide range of grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds.
[0062]
In all cases, the calculated degree of effect was different from the effect found in the combination. The calculated theoretical effect of the theoretically expected combination is calculated by the formula by SR Colby: “Calculation of synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicidecombinations”, Weeds 15 (1967), pages 20-22).
[0063]
In the case of a combination of two active substances, this formula is as follows:
[0064]
Embedded image
And therefore, in the case of a combination of three herbicidal active substances:
[0066]
Embedded image
In the above formula,
% Of damage by herbicide A at an application rate of X = x kg / ha;
% Of damage by herbicide B at an application rate of Y = y kg / ha;
Degree of damage by herbicide C at an application rate of Z = z kg / ha;
E =% of expected damage by the herbicide A + B (or A + B + C) at x + y (or x + y + z) kg / ha.
[0068]
If the actual damage exceeds the damage expected by the calculation, the combined effect is super additive, ie there is a synergistic reaction.
The active substance combinations according to the invention have a herbicidal activity (calculation according to the Colby equation) that exceeds the expected activity based on the activity of the individual components observed when applied individually. This means that the combination of active substances is synergistic.
2. Post-emergence herbicidal action on weeds Monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed seeds or rhizome fragments are placed in a sandy loamy soil in a plastic pot covered with soil and placed in a greenhouse under good growth conditions Growing in. Weeds found in rice cultivation are cultivated in pots whose soil surface is immersed in water to a depth of 2 cm and grown during the experiment. Three-week test plants are treated 3 weeks after sowing.
[0069]
Combinations of the active substances according to the invention formulated as wettable powders or emulsions, and individual active substances formulated in the same way in comparative experiments, at an application rate (converted) of 300 to 600 l of water per ha. The green part of the plant is sprayed at various doses and the test plant is placed in the greenhouse for 3 to 4 weeks under ideal growth conditions and visually compared by comparing the effect of the formulation with an untreated control evaluate. In the case of weeds found in rice or rice crops, the active substances are also added directly to irrigation water (application method similar to so-called granule application) or sprayed into plants and irrigation water. The composition according to the invention also has excellent post-emergence herbicidal action against a wide range of economically important grass and broadleaf weeds. According to the Colby analysis, the composition according to the invention has a synergistic effect.
[0070]
Example of mitigating the effects of Daimlon (B8) and JC-940 (B12) on anilophos Rice was transplanted into sandy soil in a plastic pot and grown to 2.5 leaf stage in a greenhouse. The soil surface was flooded to a depth of 3 cm over the entire experiment.
[0071]
The treatment with the substances according to the invention was then carried out individually and in the form of their mixtures by pouring the product suspended or emulsified in water into the submerged water in the pot.
[0072]
The phytotoxicity to rice was then assessed after about 3 weeks of treatment by measuring the fresh weight of the test plant shoots.
The table below shows the experimental data obtained and the expected values calculated by the Colby equation. The numbers shown in the table indicate that both Daimlon and JC-940 have a very significant effect on reducing the phytotoxicity caused by anilophos, that is, both of these herbicides have significant toxicity to anilophos. It clearly proves to have a mitigating effect. For all deformations of the mixture, the expected value calculated by the Colby equation is significantly lower than the actual value measured for the combination in question.
[0073]
Formulas for synergistic and antagonizing effects of herbicides using the Colby equation:
E = H1 * H2 / 100
In the above formula, H1 and H2 are the action of the herbicide expressed as a percentage.
Criteria for evaluation: fresh weight of control shoots expressed as a percentage
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4236475A DE4236475A1 (en) | 1992-10-29 | 1992-10-29 | Synergistic herbicides for selective weed control in rice crops - contain Anilofos and a second herbicide e.g. Bensulfuron methyl, Cinosulfuron or Fenoxapropethyl. |
| DE4236475:2 | 1992-10-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06263610A JPH06263610A (en) | 1994-09-20 |
| JP3639316B2 true JP3639316B2 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27084493A Expired - Fee Related JP3639316B2 (en) | 1992-10-29 | 1993-10-28 | Herbicidal composition for controlling weeds in rice cultivation |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3639316B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100296804B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1038466C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4236475A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1272749B (en) |
| TW (1) | TW311875B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU688626B2 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1998-03-12 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Herbicidal mixtures |
| KR970061071A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1997-09-12 | 가시와기 시로 | Herbicide composition |
| CN1067850C (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 2001-07-04 | 黄建社 | Weedicide with broad-spectrum weed-killing activity used for rice field |
| AU4782099A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-02-07 | Aventis Cropscience Gmbh | Herbicides |
| DE19836684A1 (en) * | 1998-08-13 | 2000-02-17 | Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh | Use of a synergistic herbicidal combination including a glufosinate- or glyphosate-type, imidazolinone or protoporphyrinogen oxidase to control weeds in rice |
| US8121099B2 (en) | 2006-06-04 | 2012-02-21 | Asustek Computer Inc. | Voice over internet protocol system and related wireless local area network device |
| CN103039505A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 南京华洲药业有限公司 | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron and anilofos and application thereof |
| KR101294783B1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-08-08 | 주식회사동방아그로 | Herbicidal composition against Sciyos angulatus L. comprising plumbagin derived from Plumbago auriculata |
| CN103271025B (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2016-05-11 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | Anilofos and pyrazosulfuron water surface diffusant and preparation method thereof |
| CN109673662A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 李明星 | Ternary herbicidal composition and its preparation and application |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2821509A1 (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1979-11-22 | Hoechst Ag | HERBICIDAL AGENTS |
| JPS60172910A (en) * | 1984-02-20 | 1985-09-06 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Herbicide for paddy field |
-
1992
- 1992-10-29 DE DE4236475A patent/DE4236475A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-10-27 IT ITMI932282A patent/IT1272749B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-10-28 CN CN93119609A patent/CN1038466C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-28 JP JP27084493A patent/JP3639316B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-28 KR KR1019930022605A patent/KR100296804B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-02-08 TW TW083101054A patent/TW311875B/zh active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITMI932282A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
| JPH06263610A (en) | 1994-09-20 |
| DE4236475A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
| TW311875B (en) | 1997-08-01 |
| ITMI932282A0 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
| CN1167572A (en) | 1997-12-17 |
| IT1272749B (en) | 1997-06-26 |
| KR940008572A (en) | 1994-05-16 |
| KR100296804B1 (en) | 2006-03-17 |
| CN1038466C (en) | 1998-05-27 |
| CN1086085A (en) | 1994-05-04 |
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