JP3635995B2 - Assembled battery - Google Patents

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JP3635995B2
JP3635995B2 JP23946999A JP23946999A JP3635995B2 JP 3635995 B2 JP3635995 B2 JP 3635995B2 JP 23946999 A JP23946999 A JP 23946999A JP 23946999 A JP23946999 A JP 23946999A JP 3635995 B2 JP3635995 B2 JP 3635995B2
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lithium ion
ion secondary
secondary battery
temperature coefficient
positive temperature
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JP2001068076A (en
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敏和 前島
伸和 田中
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Shin Kobe Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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Shin Kobe Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、リチウムイオン二次電池を用いた組電池に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
リチウムイオン二次電池は、過充電時には負極に金属リチウムが樹枝状に析出するため短絡が発生し、その後の放電には十分な容量が得られない。あるいは、更なる過充電によって最悪の場合、正極の分解反応により電池の内圧が上昇して破裂、発火を引き起こすという問題点がある。また、過放電時には負極の集電体の銅が電解液中に溶出し、その後の充電によって負極上に析出するため、容量が得られなくなるという問題点もある。そのためリチウムイオン二次電池を用いた組電池では、保護回路を設けて過放電と過充電を防いでいた。しかしながら、保護回路及び充電回路等の故障時には、上記問題が発生する問題点があった。
【０００３】
これを解決するために、電池の上蓋内に、該電池の内圧が上昇した場合に物理的に電池への通電を遮断する圧力スイッチを設け、過充電時に充電電流を遮断し、破裂、発火を防ぎ、安全性を確保することが提案されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、圧力スイッチにより安全性が確保できるのは単セルによる場合であって、組電池にした場合は他の電池の持つ過充電による熱が原因となり、電池が熱逸走を起こし、破裂、発火を起こす問題点があった。
【０００５】
本発明の目的は、過充電時に熱逸走を起こさず、破裂、発火を防止できる組電池を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、Ｘ個（Ｘ≧２）のリチウムイオン二次電池が並列接続された集合体がＹ個（Ｙ≧１）直列接続された組電池を改良するものである。
【０００７】
本発明に係る１つの組電池においては、前記集合体のうち少なくとも１つがＡｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池とＢｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池を含む組み合わせよりなり、この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの前記集合体におけるＡｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＬ、ＢｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＭとして、Ａ≠Ｂ、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘの関係を有することを特徴とする。
【０００８】
また本発明に係る他の組電池においては、該組電池の充電時に前記集合体のうち少なくとも１つがａ℃になる正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池とｂ℃になる正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池を含む組み合わせよりなり、この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの前記集合体におけるａ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＬ、ｂ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＭとして、ａ≠ｂ、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘの関係を有することを特徴とする。
【０００９】
本発明においては、Ｘ個（Ｘ≧２）のリチウムイオン二次電池が並列接続された集合体を構成する各リチウムイオン二次電池の抵抗に差をもたせたため、充電時に並列に接続されている電池は抵抗の少ない電池に電流が集中して充電が行われる。また、抵抗の少ない電池が先に過充電状態になり、電池の温度が上昇し始めると、この抵抗の少ない電池に接続されている抵抗の少ない正の温度係数素子のトリップ温度（急激に抵抗値が増大する温度）が急上昇して、該抵抗の少ない正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が急上昇し、並列接続された電池において電池温度上昇時に抵抗の差が大きくなる。このため、今度は最初に抵抗が多かった電池に電流が集中して充電が行われ、この電池が過充電状態になってこの電池に接続されている最初に抵抗が多かった正の温度係数素子のトリップ温度が急上昇する。このようにして並列接続された電池間で、電池の急激な温度上昇のタイミングをずらすことになり、熱逸走を起こさずに、破裂、発火を防止できる。
【００１０】
一方、組電池の充電時に正の温度係数素子の温度を変化させたものは、抵抗は温度の関数で現わせるため抵抗値が異なり、上記した抵抗が異なる場合と同様な作用により、組電池の破裂、発火を防ぐことができる。
【００１１】
なお、普通の充電では、定電圧充電となるため、充電終了時には電池間で充電量が同じとなり、上記した特徴が充電特性に影響することはない。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を実施例により説明する。
【００１３】
図１は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−１と実施例２−１の構成を示す回路図である。
【００１４】
この実施例１−１と実施例２−１の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ）とがそれぞれ並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃが、Ｙ＝３即ち３個直列接続されて、２並列３直列に構成されている。
【００１５】
実施例１−１の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００１６】
この例では、集合体２Ａ，２Ｂの２つが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 ，４Ｂ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 ，１Ｂ1 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 ，４Ｂ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 ，１Ｂ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００１７】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＡにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００１８】
実施例２−１の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００１９】
この例では、集合体２Ａ，２Ｂの２つが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 ，４Ｂ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 ，１Ｂ1 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 ，４Ｂ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 ，１Ｂ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００２０】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ａにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００２１】
図２は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−２と実施例２−２の構成を示す回路図である。
【００２２】
この実施例１−２と実施例２−２の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個のリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 が並列接続された集合体２ＡがＹ＝１即ち１個設けられて、２並列に構成されている。
【００２３】
実施例１−２の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。
【００２４】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００２５】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＡにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００２６】
実施例２−２の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成されている。
【００２７】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００２８】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ａにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００２９】
図３は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−３と実施例２−３の構成を示す回路図である。
【００３０】
この実施例１−３と実施例２−３の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ）とがそれぞれ並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２ＣがＹ＝３即ち３個直列接続されて、２並列３直列に構成されている。
【００３１】
実施例１−３の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００３２】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００３３】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＡにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００３４】
実施例２−３の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。
【００３５】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００３６】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ａにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００３７】
図４は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−４と実施例２−４の構成を示す回路図である。
【００３８】
この実施例１−４と実施例２−４の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ）とが並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２ＣがＹ＝３即ち３個直列接続されて、２並列３直列に構成されている。
【００３９】
実施例１−４の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００４０】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 と、ＣｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 とを含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００４１】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＡにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００４２】
実施例２−４の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００４３】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００４４】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ａにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋１＝２即ち２＝２の関係を有している。
【００４５】
図５は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−５と実施例２−５の構成を示す回路図である。
【００４６】
この実施例１−５と実施例２−５の組電池は、Ｘ＝３即ち３個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ，１Ａ3 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ，１Ｂ3 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ，１Ｃ3 ）と、（１Ｄ1 ，１Ｄ2 ，１Ｄ3 ）とが並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２ＤがＹ＝４即ち４個直列接続されて、３並列４直列に構成されている。
【００４７】
実施例１−５の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００４８】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 とを含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００４９】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＡにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝２である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＜３−１即ち１＝１＜２、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＜２＝３−１即ち１＜２＝２、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋２＝３即ち３＝３の関係を有している。
【００５０】
実施例２−５の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００５１】
この例では、集合体２Ａが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 とを含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００５２】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ａにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝１、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝２である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＜３−１即ち１＝１＜２、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＜２＝３−１即ち１＜２＝２、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは１＋２＝３即ち３＝３の関係を有している。
【００５３】
図６は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−６と実施例２−６の構成を示す回路図である。
【００５４】
この実施例１−６と実施例２−６の組電池は、リチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ，１Ａ3 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ，１Ｂ3 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ，１Ｃ3 ）と、（１Ｄ1 ，１Ｄ2 ，１Ｄ3 ）とが並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２ＤがＹ＝４即ち４個直列接続されて、３並列４直列に構成されている。
【００５５】
実施例１−６の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００５６】
この例では、集合体２Ｂ，２Ｃが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 ，４Ｃ1 ，４Ｂ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 ，１Ｃ1 ，１Ｂ2 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 ，４Ｂ3 ，４Ｃ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 ，１Ｂ3 ，１Ｃ3 とを含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００５７】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＢにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝２、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＜２＝３−１即ち１＜２＝２、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＜３−１即ち１＝１＜２、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは２＋１＝３即ち３＝３の関係を有している。
【００５８】
実施例２−６の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００５９】
この例では、集合体２Ｂ，２Ｃが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 ，４Ｃ1 ，４Ｂ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 ，１Ｃ1 ，１Ｂ2 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 ，４Ｂ3 ，４Ｃ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 ，１Ｂ3 ，１Ｃ3 とを含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００６０】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ａにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝２、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＜２＝３−１即ち１＜２＝２、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＝２−１即ち１＝１＝１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは２＋１＝３即ち３＝３の関係を有している。
【００６１】
図７は本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−７と実施例２−７の構成を示す回路図である。
【００６２】
この実施例１−７と実施例２−７の組電池は、Ｘ＝３即ち３個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ，１Ａ3 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ，１Ｂ3 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ，１Ｃ3 ）と、（１Ｄ1 ，１Ｄ2 ，１Ｄ3 ）とが並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２ＤがＹ＝４即ち４個直列接続されて、３並列４直列に構成されている。
【００６３】
実施例１−７の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００６４】
この例では、集合体２Ｄが、ＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 ，４Ｄ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 ，１Ｄ2 と、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 とを含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００６５】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２ＤにおけるＡｍΩ＝25ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝２、ＢｍΩ＝50ｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＜２＝３−１即ち１＜２＝２、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＜３−１即ち１＝１＜２、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは２＋１＝３即ち３＝３の関係を有している。
【００６６】
実施例２−７の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。
【００６７】
この例では、集合体２Ｄが、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 ，４Ｄ2 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 ，１Ｄ2 と、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 を含む組み合わせよりなっている。
【００６８】
この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの集合体２Ｄにおける１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がａ℃＝100 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＬはＬ＝２、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度がｂ℃＝120 ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数ＭはＭ＝１である。このため、Ａ≠Ｂは25≠50、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１は１＜２＝３−１即ち１＜２＝２、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１は１＝１＜３−１即ち１＝１＜２、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘは２＋１＝３即ち３＝３の関係を有している。
【００６９】
図８は比較例の組電池の比較例１−１と比較例２−１の構成を示す回路図である。
【００７０】
この比較例１−１と比較例２−１の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ）とがそれぞれ並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃが、Ｙ＝３即ち３個直列接続されて、２並列３直列に構成されている。
【００７１】
比較例１−１の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００７２】
この例では、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００７３】
比較例２−１の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００７４】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００７５】
図９は比較例の組電池の比較例１−２と比較例２−２の構成を示す回路図である。
【００７６】
この比較例１−２と比較例２−２の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個のリチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 が並列接続された集合体２ＡがＹ＝１即ち１個設けられて、２並列に構成されている。
【００７７】
比較例１−２の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。
【００７８】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００７９】
比較例２−２の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成されている。
【００８０】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００８１】
図１０は比較例の組電池の比較例１−３と比較例２−３の構成を示す回路図である。
【００８２】
この比較例１−３と比較例２−３の組電池は、Ｘ＝２即ち２個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ）とがそれぞれ並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２ＣがＹ＝３即ち３個直列接続されて、２並列３直列に構成されている。
【００８３】
比較例１−３の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に50ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃは直列接続されている。
【００８４】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００８５】
比較例２−３の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が120 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。
【００８６】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００８７】
図１１は比較例の組電池の比較例１−４と比較例２−４の構成を示す回路図である。
【００８８】
この比較例１−４と比較例２−４の組電池は、Ｘ＝３即ち３個づつのリチウムイオン二次電池（１Ａ1 ，１Ａ2 ，１Ａ3 ）と、（１Ｂ1 ，１Ｂ2 ，１Ｂ3 ）と、（１Ｃ1 ，１Ｃ2 ，１Ｃ3 ）と、（１Ｄ1 ，１Ｄ2 ，１Ｄ3 ）とが並列接続された集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２ＤがＹ＝４即ち４個直列接続されて、３並列４直列に構成されている。
【００８９】
比較例１−４の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に25ｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００９０】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００９１】
比較例２−４の組電池においては、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ａ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ａ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ａ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ａが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｂ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｂ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｂ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｂが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｃ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｃ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｃ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｃが構成されている。リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ1 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ1 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ1 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ2 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ2 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ2 が直列接続されて構成され、リチウムイオン二次電池１Ｄ3 はリチウムイオン二次電池本体３Ｄ3 に、１ＣｍＡ充電時に温度が100 ℃になる正の温度係数素子４Ｄ3 が直列接続されて構成され、これらが並列接続されて集合体２Ｄが構成されている。これら集合体２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄは直列接続されている。
【００９２】
この例でも、抵抗値が異なっている正の温度係数素子をもつリチウムイオン二次電池の集合体はない。このため前述した不等式の関係もない。
【００９３】
上述した各実施例と各比較例の組電池を用いて過充電試験を行った結果を表１と表２に示す。即ち、表１は、実施例１−１〜実施例１−７と、比較例１−１〜比較例１−４による過充電試験を示す。表２は、実施例２−１〜実施例２−７と、比較例２−１〜比較例２−４による過充電試験を示す。なお、今回用いたリチウムイオン二次電池は、正極活物質がコバルト酸リチウム、負極活物質が非晶質炭素材からなる公称容量1300ｍＡｈの電池で、過充電試験方法は電流値２ＣｍＡ、環境温度30℃で行った。
【００９４】
【表１】

Figure 0003635995
【表２】
Figure 0003635995
これら表１及び表２より、本実施例の組電池は、破裂、発火を起こさず、比較例の組電池に比べて優れていることが分かった。また、比較例については、組電池を構成する電池の数が増えるに従い、破裂、発火の数が増えることから、組電池を構成する電池の数が多いほど破裂、発火の数が大きくなることが分かった。
【００９５】
今回は、正の温度係数素子の抵抗及び組電池充電時の正の温度係数素子の温度について、それぞれ２種類で記載したが、５種類までは実験し、同様の効果が得られた。また、それ以上についても、同様な効果が得られることは言うまでもない。
【００９６】
同様に、正極、負極が他の材料からなるリチウムイオン二次電池を用いた組電池においても、電池内に物理的に通電電流を遮断する機能を有するリチウムイオン二次電池からなる組電池を用いた場合も、同様な効果が得られることは言うまでもない。
【００９７】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る組電池においては、Ｘ個（Ｘ≧２）のリチウムイオン二次電池が並列接続された集合体を構成する各リチウムイオン二次電池の抵抗に差をもたせたため、充電時に並列に接続されている電池は抵抗の少ない電池に電流が集中して充電が行われる。また、抵抗の少ない電池が先に過充電状態になり、電池の温度が上昇し始めると、この抵抗の少ない電池に接続されている抵抗の少ない正の温度係数素子のトリップ温度が急上昇して、該抵抗の少ない正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が急上昇し、並列接続された電池において電池温度上昇時に抵抗の差が大きくなる。このため、今度は最初に抵抗が多かった電池に電流が集中して充電が行われ、この電池が過充電状態になってこの電池に接続されている最初に抵抗が多かった正の温度係数素子のトリップ温度が急上昇する。このようにして並列接続された電池間で、電池の急激な温度上昇のタイミングをずらすことになり、本発明に係る組電池によれば熱逸走を起こさずに、破裂、発火を防止できる。
【００９８】
一方、組電池の充電時に正の温度係数素子の温度を変化させたものは、抵抗は温度の関数で現わせるため抵抗値が異なり、上記した抵抗が異なる場合と同様な作用により、組電池の破裂、発火を防ぐことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−１と実施例２−１の構成を示す回路図である。
【図２】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−２と実施例２−２の構成を示す回路図である。
【図３】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−３と実施例２−３の構成を示す回路図である。
【図４】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−４と実施例２−４の構成を示す回路図である。
【図５】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−５と実施例２−５の構成を示す回路図である。
【図６】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−６と実施例２−６の構成を示す回路図である。
【図７】本発明に係る組電池の実施例１−７と実施例２−７の構成を示す回路図である。
【図８】比較例の組電池の比較例１−１と比較例２−１の構成を示す回路図である。
【図９】比較例の組電池の比較例１−２と比較例２−２の構成を示す回路図である。
【図１０】比較例の組電池の比較例１−３と比較例２−３の構成を示す回路図である。
【図１１】比較例の組電池の比較例１−４と比較例２−４の構成を示す回路図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assembled battery using a lithium ion secondary battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the lithium ion secondary battery, when lithium metal is overcharged, metal lithium is deposited in a dendritic shape on the negative electrode, so that a short circuit occurs, and a sufficient capacity for subsequent discharge cannot be obtained. Alternatively, in the worst case due to further overcharge, there is a problem that the internal pressure of the battery rises due to the decomposition reaction of the positive electrode, causing explosion and ignition. In addition, there is also a problem in that the capacity cannot be obtained because copper of the negative electrode current collector elutes in the electrolyte during overdischarge and precipitates on the negative electrode by subsequent charging. Therefore, in a battery pack using a lithium ion secondary battery, a protective circuit is provided to prevent overdischarge and overcharge. However, there is a problem in that the above problem occurs when a protection circuit, a charging circuit, or the like fails.
[0003]
In order to solve this problem, a pressure switch is provided in the top cover of the battery to physically cut off the energization of the battery when the internal pressure of the battery rises. It has been proposed to prevent and ensure safety.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the safety can be secured by the pressure switch with a single cell, and when an assembled battery is used, the heat from overcharging of other batteries causes the battery to escape, explode and ignite. There was a problem to cause.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide an assembled battery that does not cause thermal escape during overcharge and can prevent explosion and ignition.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention improves an assembled battery in which Y (Y ≧ 1) aggregates in which X (X ≧ 2) lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in parallel are connected in series.
[0007]
In one assembled battery according to the present invention, at least one of the aggregates includes a lithium ion secondary battery having a positive temperature coefficient element having a resistance value of AmΩ and a positive temperature coefficient element having a resistance value of BmΩ. The number of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ in one assembly having a different resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient element is L. , Where M is the number of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of BmΩ, and A ≠ B, 1 ≦ L ≦ X−1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X−1, and L + M ≦ X. It is characterized by that.
[0008]
Further, in another assembled battery according to the present invention, at the time of charging the assembled battery, at least one of the aggregates is a lithium ion secondary battery containing a positive temperature coefficient element that becomes a ° C. and a positive that becomes b ° C. The number of lithium ion secondary batteries that are a combination of a lithium ion secondary battery having a built-in temperature coefficient element and that has a positive temperature coefficient element with different resistance values at a ° C. is L, b ° C. The number of lithium ion secondary batteries to be expressed as M is a relationship where a ≠ b, 1 ≦ L ≦ X−1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X−1, and L + M ≦ X.
[0009]
In the present invention, a difference is made in the resistance of each lithium ion secondary battery constituting an assembly in which X (X ≧ 2) lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in parallel, so that the lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in parallel during charging. The battery is charged by concentrating current on a battery with low resistance. Also, when the battery with low resistance is overcharged first and the battery temperature starts to rise, the trip temperature of the positive temperature coefficient element with low resistance connected to the battery with low resistance (the resistance value suddenly increases). The temperature of the positive temperature coefficient element having a small resistance rapidly increases, and the difference in resistance increases when the battery temperature rises in the batteries connected in parallel. For this reason, a positive temperature coefficient element having a high resistance at first was connected to this battery because the current was concentrated and charged to the battery having a high resistance this time. Trip temperature suddenly rises. In this way, the rapid temperature rise timing of the batteries is shifted between the batteries connected in parallel, and explosion and ignition can be prevented without causing thermal escape.
[0010]
On the other hand, when the temperature of the positive temperature coefficient element is changed at the time of charging the assembled battery, the resistance is different because the resistance appears as a function of temperature, and the assembled battery is operated in the same manner as in the case where the resistance is different. Can prevent rupture and ignition.
[0011]
Since normal charging is constant voltage charging, the amount of charge is the same between batteries at the end of charging, and the above characteristics do not affect the charging characteristics.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of examples.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-1 and Example 2-1 of an assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0014]
The assembled batteries of Example 1-1 and Example 2-1 have X = 2, that is, two lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2), (1B1, 1B2), (1C1, 1C2) Are connected in parallel, and Y = 3, that is, three are connected in series to form two parallel three series.
[0015]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-1, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 to a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0016]
In this example, the two assemblies 2A and 2B have lithium ion secondary batteries 1A1 and 1B1 containing positive temperature coefficient elements 4A1 and 4B1 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ, and a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. It consists of a combination including lithium ion secondary batteries 1A2 and 1B2 incorporating positive temperature coefficient elements 4A2 and 4B2.
[0017]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2A having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and a positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0018]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-1, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is constructed by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. Has been. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 which is 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0019]
In this example, the two assemblies 2A and 2B have lithium ion secondary batteries 1A1 and 1B1 containing positive temperature coefficient elements 4A1 and 4B1 that have a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, and temperatures when charged at 1 CmA. Is a combination including lithium ion secondary batteries 1A2 and 1B2 having positive temperature coefficient elements 4A2 and 4B2 in which b ° C = 120 ° C.
[0020]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries whose temperature is 1 ° C. = 100 ° C. when charging 1 CmA in one assembly 2A having different resistance values of the positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and the temperature is 1 ° C. = b ° C. when charging 1 CmA. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach 120 ° C. is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0021]
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-2 and Example 2-2 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0022]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-2 and Example 2-2, X = 2, that is, an assembly 2A in which two lithium ion secondary batteries 1A1, 1A2 are connected in parallel is provided as Y = 1, that is, one. 2 are configured in parallel.
[0023]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-2, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A.
[0024]
In this example, the assembly 2A includes a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. And a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1A2.
[0025]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2A having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and a positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0026]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-2, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA.
[0027]
In this example, the assembly 2A has a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, and a temperature of b ° C. = 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA. It is composed of a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 incorporating a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2.
[0028]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries whose temperature is 1 ° C. = 100 ° C. when charging 1 CmA in one assembly 2A having different resistance values of the positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and the temperature is 1 ° C. = b ° C. when charging 1 CmA. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach 120 ° C. is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0029]
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing configurations of Examples 1-3 and 2-3 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0030]
The assembled batteries of Example 1-3 and Example 2-3 have X = 2, that is, two lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2), (1B1, 1B2), (1C1, 1C2) Are connected in parallel, Y = 3, that is, three are connected in series to form two parallel three series.
[0031]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-3, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0032]
In this example, the assembly 2A includes a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. And a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1A2.
[0033]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2A having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and a positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0034]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-3, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is constructed by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. Has been. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 which is 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 100 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2C.
[0035]
In this example, the assembly 2A has a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, and a temperature of b ° C. = 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA. It is composed of a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 incorporating a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2.
[0036]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries whose temperature is 1 ° C. = 100 ° C. when charging 1 CmA in one assembly 2A having different resistance values of the positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and the temperature is 1 ° C. = b ° C. when charging 1 CmA. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach 120 ° C. is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0037]
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of Examples 1-4 and Example 2-4 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0038]
The assembled batteries of Example 1-4 and Example 2-4 have X = 2, that is, two lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2), (1B1, 1B2), (1C1, 1C2) Are connected in parallel, Y = 3, that is, three are connected in series to form two parallel three series.
[0039]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-4, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0040]
In this example, the assembly 2A includes a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. And a lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 incorporating a positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a resistance value of CmΩ = 50 mΩ.
[0041]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2A having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and a positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0042]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-4, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is constructed by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. Has been. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged at 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0043]
In this example, the assembly 2A has a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, and a temperature of b ° C. = 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA. It is composed of a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 incorporating a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2.
[0044]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries whose temperature is 1 ° C. = 100 ° C. when charging 1 CmA in one assembly 2A having different resistance values of the positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and the temperature is 1 ° C. = b ° C. when charging 1 CmA. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach 120 ° C. is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 1 + 1 = 2, that is, 2 = 2.
[0045]
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Examples 1-5 and 2-5 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0046]
In this assembled battery of Example 1-5 and Example 2-5, X = 3, that is, three lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2, 1A3), (1B1, 1B2, 1B3), (1C1 , 1C2, 1C3) and (1D1, 1D2, 1D3) are connected in parallel, and Y = 4, that is, four assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series to form three parallel 4 series. .
[0047]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-5, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 has a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ connected in series to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 has a positive resistance value of 50 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A3. Temperature coefficient elements 4A3 are connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B3. These are connected in parallel to form the aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 50mΩ is connected in series, and a lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 is connected in series to a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C3 having a positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a resistance value of 50mΩ. The assembly 2C is configured by connecting them in parallel. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected in series to a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3 having a positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ. The assembly 2D is configured by connecting them in parallel. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0048]
In this example, the assembly 2A includes a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. And a lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 incorporating a positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ.
[0049]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2A having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and a positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 2. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 <3-1, that is, 1 = 1 <2, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 <2 = 3-1, that is, 1 <2 = 2 and L + M ≦ X have a relationship of 1 + 2 = 3, that is, 3 = 3.
[0050]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-5, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 that is connected in series at a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3A3, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged at 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B3 at a temperature of 120 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a temperature of 0 DEG C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 has a temperature of 120 when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a temperature of 0 DEG C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 which is connected to a lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 in series at a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3D2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3 with a temperature of 120 when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a temperature of 0 ° C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2D. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0051]
In this example, the assembly 2A has a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 including a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, and a temperature of b ° C. = 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA. A combination of a lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 having a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 and a lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 having a positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a temperature of b ° C. = 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA. ing.
[0052]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries whose temperature is 1 ° C. = 100 ° C. when charging 1 CmA in one assembly 2A having different resistance values of the positive temperature coefficient element is L = 1, and the temperature is 1 ° C. = b ° C. when charging 1 CmA. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries at 120 ° C. is M = 2. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 <3-1, that is, 1 = 1 <2, 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 <2 = 3-1, that is, 1 <2 = 2 and L + M ≦ X have a relationship of 1 + 2 = 3, that is, 3 = 3.
[0053]
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Examples 1-6 and 2-6 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0054]
The assembled batteries of Examples 1-6 and 2-6 include lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2, 1A3), (1B1, 1B2, 1B3), (1C1, 1C2, 1C3), ( 1D1, 1D2, 1D3) are connected in parallel, and Y = 4, that is, four of the aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series to form three parallel 4 series.
[0055]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-6, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. In the battery 1A2, a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is positive having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A3. Temperature coefficient elements 4A3 are connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B3. These are connected in parallel to form the aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 50mΩ is connected in series, and a lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 is connected in series to a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C3 having a positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a resistance value of 50mΩ. The assembly 2C is configured by connecting them in parallel. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected in series to a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3 having a positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ. The assembly 2D is configured by connecting them in parallel. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0056]
In this example, the aggregates 2B, 2C are lithium ion secondary batteries 1B1, 1C1, 1B2 containing positive temperature coefficient elements 4B1, 4C1, 4B2 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ, and a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. And a combination including lithium ion secondary batteries 1C2, 1B3, and 1C3 incorporating positive temperature coefficient elements 4C2, 4B3, and 4C3.
[0057]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2B in which the resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is different is L = 2, and the positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 <2 = 3-1, that is, 1 <2 = 2, and 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 <3-1, that is, 1 = 1 <2 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 2 + 1 = 3, that is, 3 = 3.
[0058]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-6, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 that is connected in series at a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3A3, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 which is 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B3 at a temperature of 120 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a temperature of 0 DEG C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 100 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 has a temperature of 120 when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a temperature of 0 ° C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 which is connected to a lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 in series at a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3D2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3 with a temperature of 120 when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a temperature of 0 ° C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2D. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0059]
In this example, the assemblies 2B and 2C are charged with 1 CmA and lithium ion secondary batteries 1B1, 1C1 and 1B2 containing positive temperature coefficient elements 4B1, 4C1 and 4B2 that have a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged with 1 C mA. It is composed of a combination including lithium ion secondary batteries 1C2, 1B3, and 1C3 containing positive temperature coefficient elements 4C2, 4B3, and 4C3 that sometimes have a temperature of b ° C. = 120 ° C.
[0060]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries in which the temperature is a ° C. = 100 ° C. during 1 CmA charging in one assembly 2A having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 2, and the temperature is b ° C. = 1 ° C. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach 120 ° C. is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 <2 = 3-1, that is, 1 <2 = 2, and 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 = 2-1, that is, 1 = 1 = 1 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 2 + 1 = 3, that is, 3 = 3.
[0061]
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-7 and Example 2-7 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
[0062]
In this assembled battery of Examples 1-7 and 2-7, X = 3, that is, three lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2, 1A3), (1B1, 1B2, 1B3), (1C1 , 1C2, 1C3) and (1D1, 1D2, 1D3) are connected in parallel, and Y = 4, that is, four assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series to form three parallel 4 series. .
[0063]
In the assembled battery of Example 1-7, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. In the battery 1A2, a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is positive having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A3. Temperature coefficient elements 4A3 are connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B3. These are connected in parallel to form the aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C3. The assembly 2C is configured by connecting them in parallel. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is configured by connecting a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series to a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3. The assembly 2D is configured by connecting them in parallel. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0064]
In this example, the assembly 2D includes lithium ion secondary batteries 1D1 and 1D2 incorporating positive temperature coefficient elements 4D1 and 4D2 having a resistance value of AmΩ = 25 mΩ, and a positive temperature coefficient having a resistance value of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. It is composed of a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 having a built-in element 4D3.
[0065]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive temperature coefficient element of AmΩ = 25 mΩ in one assembly 2D having a different resistance value of this positive temperature coefficient element is L = 2, and a positive temperature coefficient of BmΩ = 50 mΩ. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries incorporating the element is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 <2 = 3-1, that is, 1 <2 = 2, and 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 <3-1, that is, 1 = 1 <2 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 2 + 1 = 3, that is, 3 = 3.
[0066]
In the assembled battery of Example 2-7, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 that is connected in series at a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3A3, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 which is 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 has a temperature of 100 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a temperature of 0 DEG C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 100 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C3 at a temperature of 100 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a temperature of 0 ° C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 which is connected to a lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 in series at a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3D2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3 with a temperature of 120 when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a temperature of 0 ° C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B.
[0067]
In this example, the assembly 2D has lithium ion secondary batteries 1D1, 1D2 containing positive temperature coefficient elements 4D1, 4D2 that have a temperature of a ° C. = 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, and a temperature of b ° C. = when charged at 1 CmA. It is composed of a combination including a lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 incorporating a positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 at 120 ° C.
[0068]
The number L of lithium ion secondary batteries in which the temperature is a ° C. = 100 ° C. during 1 CmA charging in one assembly 2D having a different resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient element is L = 2, and the temperature is b ° C. = 1 ° C. The number M of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach 120 ° C. is M = 1. Therefore, A ≠ B is 25 ≠ 50, 1 ≦ L ≦ X-1 is 1 <2 = 3-1, that is, 1 <2 = 2, and 1 ≦ M ≦ X-1 is 1 = 1 <3-1, that is, 1 = 1 <2 and L + M ≦ X has a relationship of 2 + 1 = 3, that is, 3 = 3.
[0069]
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of Comparative Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 2-1.
[0070]
The assembled batteries of Comparative Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 have X = 2, that is, two lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2), (1B1, 1B2), (1C1, 1C2) Are connected in parallel, and Y = 3, that is, three are connected in series to form two parallel three series.
[0071]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 1-1, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is formed by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 The battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0072]
In this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0073]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 2-1, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. Has been. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged at 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0074]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0075]
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of Comparative Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 2-2 of the assembled battery of the comparative example.
[0076]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 2-2, X = 2, that is, an assembly 2A in which two lithium ion secondary batteries 1A1, 1A2 are connected in parallel is provided as Y = 1, that is, one. 2 are configured in parallel.
[0077]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 1-2, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and a lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A.
[0078]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0079]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 2-2, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA.
[0080]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0081]
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating configurations of Comparative Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 2-3 of the assembled battery of the comparative example.
[0082]
The assembled batteries of Comparative Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 2-3 include X = 2, that is, two lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2), (1B1, 1B2), (1C1, 1C2) Are connected in parallel, Y = 3, that is, three are connected in series to form two parallel three series.
[0083]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 1-3, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. The battery 1A2 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 50 mΩ is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. These aggregates 2A, 2B, 2C are connected in series.
[0084]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0085]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 2-3, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is constructed by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. Has been. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged at 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 120 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 120 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2C.
[0086]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0087]
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing configurations of Comparative Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 2-4 of a battery pack of a comparative example.
[0088]
The assembled batteries of Comparative Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 2-4 have X = 3, that is, three lithium ion secondary batteries (1A1, 1A2, 1A3), (1B1, 1B2, 1B3), (1C1 , 1C2, 1C3) and (1D1, 1D2, 1D3) are connected in parallel, and Y = 4, that is, four assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series to form three parallel 4 series. .
[0089]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 1-4, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1. In the battery 1A2, a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is positive having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3A3. Temperature coefficient elements 4A3 are connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3B3. These are connected in parallel to form the aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is constituted by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C3. The assembly 2C is configured by connecting them in parallel. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is configured by connecting a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ in series to a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D2. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ is connected in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a resistance value of 25 mΩ to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3. The assembly 2D is configured by connecting them in parallel. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0090]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0091]
In the assembled battery of Comparative Example 2-4, the lithium ion secondary battery 1A1 is configured by connecting a lithium ion secondary battery body 3A1 in series with a positive temperature coefficient element 4A1 that has a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA, The lithium ion secondary battery 1A2 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery main body 3A2 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4A2 that is connected in series at a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1A3 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4A3 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3A3, and these are connected in parallel to form an assembly 2A. The lithium ion secondary battery 1B1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3B1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4B1 which is 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA in series, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3B2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1B3 has a temperature of 100 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4B3 having a temperature of 0 DEG C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2B. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3C1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4C1 that is 100 ° C. in temperature when charged with 1 CmA in series. The lithium ion secondary battery 1C2 is a lithium ion secondary battery. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3C2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1C3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3C3 at a temperature of 100 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4C3 having a temperature of 0 DEG C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2C. The lithium ion secondary battery 1D1 is composed of a lithium ion secondary battery body 3D1 and a positive temperature coefficient element 4D1 which is connected to a lithium ion secondary battery 1D2 in series at a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged with 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D2 having a temperature of 100 ° C. when charged at 1 CmA is connected in series to the battery body 3D2, and the lithium ion secondary battery 1D3 is connected to the lithium ion secondary battery body 3D3 at a temperature of 100 when charged at 1 CmA. A positive temperature coefficient element 4D3 having a temperature of 0 ° C. is connected in series, and these are connected in parallel to form an aggregate 2D. These assemblies 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected in series.
[0092]
Even in this example, there is no aggregate of lithium ion secondary batteries having positive temperature coefficient elements having different resistance values. For this reason, there is no relation of the inequality mentioned above.
[0093]
Tables 1 and 2 show the results of overcharge tests using the assembled batteries of the above-described examples and comparative examples. That is, Table 1 shows overcharge tests according to Example 1-1 to Example 1-7 and Comparative Example 1-1 to Comparative Example 1-4. Table 2 shows overcharge tests according to Example 2-1 to Example 2-7 and Comparative Example 2-1 to Comparative Example 2-4. The lithium ion secondary battery used this time is a battery having a nominal capacity of 1300 mAh, in which the positive electrode active material is lithium cobaltate and the negative electrode active material is an amorphous carbon material. The overcharge test method is a current value of 2 CmA and an environmental temperature of 30. Performed at ° C.
[0094]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003635995
[Table 2]
Figure 0003635995
From these Tables 1 and 2, it was found that the assembled battery of this example did not rupture and ignite, and was superior to the assembled battery of the comparative example. As for the comparative example, as the number of batteries constituting the assembled battery increases, the number of ruptures and ignition increases, so that the number of batteries constituting the assembled battery increases, the number of ruptures and ignition increases. I understood.
[0095]
In this example, the resistance of the positive temperature coefficient element and the temperature of the positive temperature coefficient element when charging the assembled battery are described in two types, respectively, but up to five types were tested and similar effects were obtained. Further, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained for more than that.
[0096]
Similarly, in an assembled battery using a lithium ion secondary battery in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of other materials, an assembled battery made of a lithium ion secondary battery having a function of physically cutting off the energization current in the battery is used. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained.
[0097]
【The invention's effect】
In the assembled battery according to the present invention, a difference is made in the resistance of each lithium ion secondary battery that constitutes an assembly in which X (X ≧ 2) lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in parallel. The connected battery is charged with the current concentrated on the battery with low resistance. Also, when the battery with low resistance is overcharged first and the battery temperature starts to rise, the trip temperature of the positive temperature coefficient element with low resistance connected to the battery with low resistance rises rapidly, The resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient element having a small resistance rapidly increases, and the difference in resistance increases when the battery temperature rises in the batteries connected in parallel. For this reason, a positive temperature coefficient element having a high resistance at first was connected to this battery because the current was concentrated and charged to the battery having a high resistance this time. Trip temperature suddenly rises. Thus, the timing of the rapid temperature rise of the batteries is shifted between the batteries connected in parallel, and according to the assembled battery according to the present invention, explosion and ignition can be prevented without causing thermal escape.
[0098]
On the other hand, when the temperature of the positive temperature coefficient element is changed at the time of charging the assembled battery, the resistance is different because the resistance appears as a function of temperature, and the assembled battery is operated in the same manner as in the case where the resistance is different. Can prevent rupture and ignition.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-1 and Example 2-1 of a battery pack according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-2 and Example 2-2 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing configurations of Examples 1-3 and 2-3 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-4 and Example 2-4 of a battery pack according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-5 and Example 2-5 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-6 and Example 2-6 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Example 1-7 and Example 2-7 of the assembled battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of Comparative Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 of a battery pack of a comparative example.
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing configurations of Comparative Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 2-2 of a battery pack of a comparative example.
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of Comparative Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 2-3 of a battery pack of a comparative example.
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of Comparative Example 1-4 and Comparative Example 2-4 of a battery pack of a comparative example.

Claims (2)

Ｘ個（Ｘ≧２）のリチウムイオン二次電池が並列接続された集合体がＹ個（Ｙ≧１）直列接続された組電池において、
前記集合体のうち少なくとも１つがＡｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池とＢｍΩの抵抗値をもつ正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池を含む組み合わせよりなり、この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの前記集合体における前記ＡｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＬ、前記ＢｍΩの正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＭとして、Ａ≠Ｂ、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘの関係を有することを特徴とする組電池。In an assembled battery in which an assembly in which X (X ≧ 2) lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in parallel is Y (Y ≧ 1) in series,
A combination including a lithium ion secondary battery having a positive temperature coefficient element having a resistance value of AmΩ and a lithium ion secondary battery having a positive temperature coefficient element having a resistance value of BmΩ, wherein at least one of the aggregates The number of lithium ion secondary batteries containing the AmΩ positive temperature coefficient element in one assembly having different resistance values of the positive temperature coefficient element is L, and the positive temperature coefficient element is BmΩ. A battery pack having a relationship of A ≠ B, 1 ≦ L ≦ X−1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X−1, and L + M ≦ X, where M is the number of built-in lithium ion secondary batteries. Ｘ個（Ｘ≧２）のリチウムイオン二次電池が並列接続された集合体がＹ個（Ｙ≧１）直列接続された組電池において、
該組電池の充電時に前記集合体のうち少なくとも１つがａ℃になる正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池とｂ℃になる正の温度係数素子を内蔵するリチウムイオン二次電池を含む組み合わせよりなり、この正の温度係数素子の抵抗値が異なる１つの前記集合体における前記ａ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＬ、前記ｂ℃になるリチウムイオン二次電池の個数をＭとして、ａ≠ｂ、１≦Ｌ≦Ｘ−１、１≦Ｍ≦Ｘ−１、且つＬ＋Ｍ≦Ｘの関係を有することを特徴とする組電池。In an assembled battery in which an assembly in which X (X ≧ 2) lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in parallel is Y (Y ≧ 1) in series,
A lithium ion secondary battery including a positive temperature coefficient element at which at least one of the aggregates becomes a ° C. during charging of the assembled battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive temperature coefficient element at b ° C. The number of lithium ion secondary batteries that reach a ° C. in the one assembly that has a different resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient element is L, and the number of lithium ion secondary batteries that reaches b ° C. A battery pack having a relationship of M ≠ a ≦ b, 1 ≦ L ≦ X−1, 1 ≦ M ≦ X−1, and L + M ≦ X.
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