JP3634525B2 - Method for producing modified polyethylene - Google Patents

Method for producing modified polyethylene Download PDF

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JP3634525B2
JP3634525B2 JP29929296A JP29929296A JP3634525B2 JP 3634525 B2 JP3634525 B2 JP 3634525B2 JP 29929296 A JP29929296 A JP 29929296A JP 29929296 A JP29929296 A JP 29929296A JP 3634525 B2 JP3634525 B2 JP 3634525B2
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Prior art keywords
crosslinking
mir
polyethylene
comparative example
melt index
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JP29929296A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10130397A (en
Inventor
伸介 小林
洋一 石渡
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Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、成形品の透明性及び成形性改良に有用な変性ポリエチレンの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリエチレンは結晶性ポリマーであり、結晶相と非晶相の密度差が大きいことにより、一般的には透明性に劣るポリマーとされている。さらに密度が高くなるほど透明性が劣るため、主に高密度ポリエチレンが使用される中空成形品などは殆どが不透明であった。このような用途においては顔料を添加して高品位化する成形が一般的であり透明性はそれほど問題視されていなかったが、近年ではコストダウンや環境への配慮等から顔料の使用を控えるケースが増加してきたために、透明性改良に対する要求が高まってきている。
【0003】
従来からポリオレフィンの透明性を改良する方法として有機系又は無機系の結晶核剤を添加する方法が知られており、ポリプロピレンや低密度ポリエチレンにおいてはある程度の効果は得られてきているが、高密度ポリエチレンにおいては殆ど効果が得られていない。
また、特公平5−18442号公報には高分子量ポリエチレンを使用した中空成形品の外観及び成形性を改善する目的で、ポリエチレンを酸素の存在下に高温加熱する方法が開示されており、ある程度の効果得られているが、平均分子量及び分子量分布を変化させない領域に限定しているためか、透明性を改良するには至っていない。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、成形品の透明性及び成形性改良に有用な変性ポリエチレンの製造方法、更に詳しくは、中空成形品の透明性、成形性改良に特に有用な変性ポリエチレンの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、成形品の透明性、成形性改良に有用な高密度ポリエチレンを開発するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、粉体状のポリエチレンを溶融混練して造粒する際に、特定の架橋を施して変性させることによりこれらの特性が飛躍的に改良されることを見出し本発明に至った。
【0006】
すなわち本発明は、チーグラー系触媒、クロム系触媒から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の触媒によって重合された粉体状の高密度ポリエチレンを、180〜300℃の温度で溶融混練して造粒する際に架橋し、2.16kg荷重時のメルトインデックスをMI、21.6kg荷重時のメルトインデックスをHMI、メルトインデックスレシオ(HMI/MI)をMIRとしたとき、架橋後のMIR/架橋前のMIRの値が1.15〜1.80の範囲であることを特徴とする変性ポリエチレンの製造方法であり、さらに架橋剤が酸素であり、架橋雰囲気における酸素濃度が0.5〜21容量%であることを特徴とする変性ポリエチレンの製造方法である。
【0007】
本発明に適用できるポリエチレンはチーグラー系触媒で重合された高密度ポリエチレン、クロム系触媒で重合された高密度ポリエチレンであり、共に重合方法はスラリー法、気相法、溶液法など特に制限はなく、また1段重合品、多段重合品のどちらでも良い。更にそれぞれ単独でも使用可能であるが、成形加工性、耐環境応力亀裂特性、耐衝撃性等のバランスを考慮すると、チーグラー系とクロム系を混合して使用するのが好ましい。ここでいうポリエチレンとは、エチレンの単独重合体、又はエチレンとα−オレフィン等との共重合体及びそれらの混合物のことである。
【0008】
本発明においては溶融混練行程で架橋するが、温度は180〜300℃が好ましい。180℃未満の温度では十分な架橋効果が得られない。また、300℃を越えると、処理速度にもよるがポリエチレンの熱劣化により焦げが発生し易くなる。190〜290℃であればより好ましく、200〜280℃であれば更に好ましい。
【0009】
架橋剤としては、有機過酸化物系のラジカル発生剤等も使用可能ではあるが、反応の均一性、経済性、取り扱い安全性の観点から、不活性ガスで希釈した0.5〜21容量%濃度の酸素が好ましい。空気と窒素の混合ガスが経済的に使用できる。酸素濃度0.5容量%未満では十分な架橋効果が得られず、また21容量%を越えることは実用上不経済である。尚、溶融混練機としてはシングルスクリュー、ダブルスクリューのいずれでも可能であるが、架橋効率や均一混練の観点からはダブルスクリュータイプがより適している。
【0010】
本発明の実施に当たっては架橋前後の特定性能の変化度合いを制御することが特に重要である。すなわち、2.16kg荷重時のメルトインデックスをMI、21.6kg荷重時のメルトインデックスをHMI、メルトインデックスレシオ(HMI/MI)をMIRとしたとき、架橋後のMIR/架橋前のMIR(MIR比)の値が1.15〜1.80の範囲であることが必要である。1.15未満の場合は透明性改良効果が不十分であり、1.80を越えると耐環境応力亀裂特性が低下傾向にあるので不適当である。1.20〜1.70であればより好ましい。
MIR比の値が上記範囲内にあれば、酸化防止剤、帯電防止剤、耐候剤、滑剤等の添加剤を適宜選択して直接又はマスターバッチとして添加しても良い。
【0011】
尚、本明細書で用いられる用語の意味は下記のとおりである。
MI:温度190℃、荷重2.16kgにおけるメルトインデックス(ASTM D−1235に準拠)
HMI:温度190℃、荷重21.6kgにおけるメルトインデックス(ASTM D−1235に準拠)
MIR:HMI/MIの値
MIR比:架橋後のMIR/架橋前のMIRの値、架橋前のMIR比は1として表現する。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれにより何ら限定されるものではない。
(比較例1)
チーグラー系触媒によって重合された粉体状高密度ポリエチレンとクロム系触媒によって重合された粉体状ポリエチレンとの45:55混合物を、ダブルスクリュータイプの溶融混練機にて樹脂温度190℃、酸素濃度0.5容量%未満で造粒した。尚、溶融混練の際、滑剤としてステアリン酸カルシウム300ppmを添加した。該造粒物からJIS K6760に準拠して1.2mm厚のプレスシートを作成し、JIS K7105に準拠してヘイズ測定を実施したところ(装置:村上色彩社製 HAZE METER HM100)84.4であり、目視による透明性の判定において不透明なものであった。樹脂密度は0.9510kg/cmであった(ASTM D1505に準拠)。さらに中空成形機(装置:プラコー社製 SB−55)にて樹脂目付50g、容量1リットルの円筒形ボトルを成形し、23℃の温度下に1週間放置後の容積を測定したところ、1077ccであった。
【0013】
(実施例1)
比較例1において、酸素濃度を2.0容量%としてMIR比を1.20に調整した以外は比較例1と同様に実施した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
(実施例2)
比較例1において、酸素濃度を6.5容量%としてMIR比を1.60に調整した以外は比較例1と同様に実施した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
【0014】
(比較例2)
比較例1において、樹脂温度を245℃とした以外は比較例1と同様に実施した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
(実施例3)
比較例2において、酸素濃度を4.3%としてMIR比を1.65に調整した以外は比較例2と同様に実施した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
【0015】
(比較例3)
比較例1において、溶融混練機をシングルスクリュータイプに変更し、樹脂温度を270℃とした以外は比較例1と同様に実施した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
(実施例4)
比較例3において、酸素濃度を21.0容量%としてMIR比を1.70に調整した以外は比較例3と同様に実施した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0003634525
【0017】
【発明の効果】
本発明により製造した高密度ポリエチレンを使用した成形品は、透明性が顕著に改善され、また成形性も良好であり成形加工後の製品後収縮が抑制され工業的な利用価値が極めて高い。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a modified polyethylene useful for improving transparency and moldability of a molded product.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polyethylene is a crystalline polymer, and is generally regarded as a polymer having poor transparency due to a large density difference between a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase. Further, the higher the density, the lower the transparency, so most of the hollow molded products mainly using high-density polyethylene were opaque. In such applications, molding with high quality by adding pigments is common, and transparency has not been considered as a problem. However, in recent years, the use of pigments has been refrained from cost and environmental considerations. Therefore, the demand for improved transparency is increasing.
[0003]
Conventionally, a method of adding an organic or inorganic crystal nucleating agent has been known as a method for improving the transparency of polyolefin, and some effect has been obtained in polypropylene and low-density polyethylene. In polyethylene, almost no effect is obtained.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-18442 discloses a method of heating polyethylene at a high temperature in the presence of oxygen for the purpose of improving the appearance and moldability of a hollow molded article using high molecular weight polyethylene. Although the effect has been obtained, the transparency has not been improved because it is limited to a region where the average molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution are not changed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a method for producing a modified polyethylene useful for improving the transparency and moldability of a molded product, and more specifically, a method for producing a modified polyethylene particularly useful for improving the transparency and moldability of a hollow molded product. Objective.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research to develop high-density polyethylene useful for improving the transparency and moldability of molded products, the present inventors have identified when powdered polyethylene is melt-kneaded and granulated. It has been found that these properties can be remarkably improved by carrying out crosslinking and modification to achieve the present invention.
[0006]
That is, the present invention granulates by melting and kneading a powdery high-density polyethylene polymerized by one or two or more kinds of catalysts selected from Ziegler catalysts and chromium catalysts at a temperature of 180 to 300 ° C. When the melt index at 2.16 kg load is MI, the melt index at 21.6 kg load is HMI, and the melt index ratio (HMI / MI) is MIR, MIR after crosslinking / MIR before crosslinking Is a method for producing a modified polyethylene, wherein the crosslinking agent is oxygen, and the oxygen concentration in the crosslinking atmosphere is 0.5 to 21% by volume. This is a method for producing a modified polyethylene.
[0007]
The polyethylene applicable to the present invention is a high density polyethylene polymerized with a Ziegler catalyst, a high density polyethylene polymerized with a chromium catalyst, and the polymerization method is not particularly limited, such as a slurry method, a gas phase method, a solution method, Either a single-stage polymer or a multi-stage polymer may be used. Further, each can be used alone, but considering the balance of molding processability, environmental stress cracking resistance, impact resistance, etc., it is preferable to use a mixture of Ziegler and chromium. The polyethylene here refers to a homopolymer of ethylene, a copolymer of ethylene and α-olefin, or a mixture thereof.
[0008]
In the present invention, crosslinking is performed in the melt-kneading process, and the temperature is preferably 180 to 300 ° C. If the temperature is less than 180 ° C., a sufficient crosslinking effect cannot be obtained. Moreover, when it exceeds 300 degreeC, although it depends on a processing speed, it becomes easy to generate | occur | produce a burn by the thermal deterioration of polyethylene. If it is 190-290 degreeC, it is more preferable, and if it is 200-280 degreeC, it is still more preferable.
[0009]
As the crosslinking agent, an organic peroxide radical generator or the like can be used, but from the viewpoint of reaction uniformity, economy, and handling safety, 0.5 to 21% by volume diluted with an inert gas. A concentration of oxygen is preferred. A gas mixture of air and nitrogen can be used economically. If the oxygen concentration is less than 0.5% by volume, a sufficient crosslinking effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 21% by volume, it is practically uneconomical. The melt kneader can be either a single screw or a double screw, but the double screw type is more suitable from the viewpoint of crosslinking efficiency and uniform kneading.
[0010]
In practicing the present invention, it is particularly important to control the degree of change in specific performance before and after crosslinking. That is, when the melt index at 2.16 kg load is MI, the melt index at 21.6 kg load is HMI, and the melt index ratio (HMI / MI) is MIR, MIR after cross-linking / MIR before cross-linking (MIR ratio) ) Must be in the range of 1.15 to 1.80. If it is less than 1.15, the effect of improving the transparency is insufficient, and if it exceeds 1.80, the environmental stress crack resistance tends to be lowered, which is inappropriate. More preferably, it is 1.20 to 1.70.
If the value of the MIR ratio is within the above range, additives such as an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a weathering agent and a lubricant may be appropriately selected and added directly or as a master batch.
[0011]
In addition, the meaning of the term used by this specification is as follows.
MI: Melt index at a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg (according to ASTM D-1235)
HMI: Melt index at a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 21.6 kg (according to ASTM D-1235)
MIR: HMI / MI value MIR ratio: MIR after crosslinking / MIR value before crosslinking and MIR ratio before crosslinking are expressed as 1.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Comparative Example 1)
A 45:55 mixture of powdered high-density polyethylene polymerized with a Ziegler-based catalyst and powdered polyethylene polymerized with a chromium-based catalyst was subjected to a resin temperature of 190 ° C and an oxygen concentration of 0 in a double screw type melt kneader. Granulated at less than 5% by volume. In the melt kneading, 300 ppm of calcium stearate was added as a lubricant. A 1.2 mm thick press sheet was prepared from the granulated material according to JIS K6760, and haze measurement was performed according to JIS K7105 (apparatus: HAZE METER HM100 manufactured by Murakami Color Co., Ltd.), which is 84.4. It was opaque in the judgment of transparency by visual observation. The resin density was 0.9510 kg / cm 3 (according to ASTM D1505). Furthermore, a hollow bottle molding machine (apparatus: SB-55 manufactured by Plako) formed a cylindrical bottle with a resin weight of 50 g and a capacity of 1 liter, and measured the volume after standing for 1 week at a temperature of 23 ° C. there were.
[0013]
(Example 1)
Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the oxygen concentration was 2.0% by volume and the MIR ratio was adjusted to 1.20. These results are shown in Table 1.
(Example 2)
Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the oxygen concentration was 6.5% by volume and the MIR ratio was adjusted to 1.60. These results are shown in Table 1.
[0014]
(Comparative Example 2)
In Comparative Example 1, the same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was performed except that the resin temperature was 245 ° C. These results are shown in Table 1.
(Example 3)
Comparative Example 2 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 2 except that the oxygen concentration was 4.3% and the MIR ratio was adjusted to 1.65. These results are shown in Table 1.
[0015]
(Comparative Example 3)
In Comparative Example 1, the same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was performed except that the melt kneader was changed to a single screw type and the resin temperature was 270 ° C. These results are shown in Table 1.
(Example 4)
Comparative Example 3 was carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 3, except that the oxygen concentration was 21.0% by volume and the MIR ratio was adjusted to 1.70. These results are shown in Table 1.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003634525
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
The molded article using the high-density polyethylene produced according to the present invention is remarkably improved in transparency, has good moldability, suppresses post-shrinkage after molding, and has an extremely high industrial utility value.

Claims (2)

チーグラー系触媒、クロム系触媒から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の触媒によって重合された粉体状の高密度ポリエチレンを、180〜300℃の温度で溶融混練して造粒する際に架橋し、2.16kg荷重時のメルトインデックスをMI、21.6kg荷重時のメルトインデックスをHMI、メルトインデックスレシオ(HMI/MI)をMIRとしたとき、架橋後のMIR/架橋前のMIRの値が1.15〜1.80の範囲であることを特徴とする変性ポリエチレンの製造方法。Crosslinking when granulating by melt-kneading and granulating powdered high-density polyethylene polymerized by one or two or more kinds of catalysts selected from Ziegler-based catalysts and chromium-based catalysts, 2. When the melt index at a load of 16 kg is MI, the melt index at a load of 21.6 kg is HMI, and the melt index ratio (HMI / MI) is MIR, the MIR value after crosslinking / the MIR value before crosslinking is 1. A method for producing a modified polyethylene, which is in the range of 15 to 1.80. 架橋剤が酸素であり、架橋雰囲気における酸素濃度が0.5〜21容量%であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の製造方法。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the crosslinking agent is oxygen, and the oxygen concentration in the crosslinking atmosphere is 0.5 to 21% by volume.
JP29929296A 1996-10-24 1996-10-24 Method for producing modified polyethylene Expired - Fee Related JP3634525B2 (en)

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