JP3634175B2 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Roof structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3634175B2
JP3634175B2 JP00308599A JP308599A JP3634175B2 JP 3634175 B2 JP3634175 B2 JP 3634175B2 JP 00308599 A JP00308599 A JP 00308599A JP 308599 A JP308599 A JP 308599A JP 3634175 B2 JP3634175 B2 JP 3634175B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
roof
roofing
roofing material
roof structure
fitting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP00308599A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000204718A (en
Inventor
良一 鈴木
克則 大西
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to JP00308599A priority Critical patent/JP3634175B2/en
Publication of JP2000204718A publication Critical patent/JP2000204718A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建物の屋根構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、屋根瓦材が葺かれた屋根構造は、完全防水ではない屋根下地面の上に、屋根瓦材の表面で雨水を排水できるように、隣接する屋根瓦材相互に重ね代をとって軒先から棟へと複数の屋根瓦材を葺いて施工していた。
【0003】
一方、新しい工法として、特開平10−196061号公報には、完全防水の屋根下地面の上に、保水性を有する屋根材で、この屋根材を相互に重ねずに葺いた屋根構造が提案されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の屋根瓦材による屋根構造は、屋根瓦材を重ねて表面で排水するため、その葺き方向が、軒先から棟へと限定される。しかも、屋根瓦材を交換しようとすると、屋根瓦材が互いに重なっているので、該当する屋根瓦材の上方の屋根瓦材も取り外さなければならず、交換が容易でない問題があった。
【0005】
特開平10−196061号公報に提案されている屋根構造は、屋根材を重ねずに葺いているので、屋根材の交換は容易である。しかし、横引きの受材の上に、屋根材を葺いているので、排水をするため、上記横引きの受け材の下に排水のための縦溝を並設したキーストンプレートを下地防水材として設置していた。このため、下地防水材が高価になってしまう問題があった。
【0006】
本発明は、上記従来技術の問題を解消し、屋根材の交換が容易で、下地防水材も簡単なものにできる屋根構造を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の発明は、屋根防水下地面の上に、複数の屋根材固定具が排水が可能なように流れ方向に向けて取り付けられ、この屋根材固定具に複数の屋根材が互いに重なることなく葺かれていることを特徴とする屋根構造である。
【0008】
請求項2記載の発明は、屋根材が保水性を有するものである請求項1記載の屋根構造である。
【0009】
請求項3記載の発明は、屋根材と屋根材固定具とが嵌合により固定されるものである請求項1又は2記載の屋根構造である。
【0010】
本発明において屋根材固定具とは、屋根材を屋根下地面に固定するものであり、釘、鋲、ビス、ボルトナットなどの単体、桟などの長尺体と釘、ビス、ボルトナットなどとを併用するもの、ばね、凹凸などにより屋根材と相互に嵌合するものなどがある。
【0011】
本発明の請求項2において屋根材が保水性を有するものとは、屋根材がその表面で雨水などの水分を吸収してそのまま水分を内部に保持する状態を維持できるもののことである。例えば、多数の細孔を有する瓦、多孔質セラミック、多孔質タイル、多孔質煉瓦、多孔質ガラス、気泡コンクリート、ALCなどの連続気泡を有するもの、或いは合成樹脂の多孔質体、繊維の集積体などが用いられる。この屋根材の空隙率が、40〜70%の範囲にあると保水が十分にできて好ましい。
【0012】
【作用】
請求項1記載の屋根構造は、屋根防水下地面の上に、複数の屋根材固定具が排水が可能なように流れ方向に向けて取り付けられ、この屋根材固定具に複数の屋根材が互いに重なることなく葺かれているから、屋根固定具が排水の邪魔にならずにスムーズに排水でき、しかも、屋根材の交換も容易になる。
【0013】
請求項2記載の屋根構造は、屋根材が保水性を有するものであるから、屋根材が保水するとその熱容量が増大し、屋根の保温、断熱性などが向上するとともに、この保水水分が蒸発するときに気化熱を奪うので、屋根の過熱を防止することができる。
【0014】
請求項3記載の屋根構造は、屋根材と屋根材固定具とが嵌合により固定されるものであるから、屋根材を嵌合するだけで、屋根葺ができ、施工が容易になり、また、屋根材の交換も容易になる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明の実施例である屋根構造を説明する斜視図、図2は上記屋根構造の横断面図、図3は本発明に使用する屋根材の裏側の斜視図、図4は本発明の屋根構造において屋根材の取り付け取り外し状態を説明する縦断面図である。
【0016】
図1において、屋根防水下地面1の上に、複数の屋根固定具3、3…が排水可能なように流れ方向に向けて取り付けられている。この屋根固定具3、3…に複数の屋根材2、2…が互いに重なることなく、葺かれている。
【0017】
屋根防水下地面1は、図2に示すように、野地板11の上に、軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シート、アスファルトフェルトシート、ゴム引き布シートなどからなる防水シート12が張られて、防水がなされ、棟から軒先に向けて雨水が流れるようになっている。
【0018】
屋根材2は、縦130mm、横605mm、厚み50mmの多孔質セラミック板からなり、その裏面に2条の嵌合溝21、21が305mmの間隔をおいて縦に設けられている。嵌合溝21は、溝幅が10mmで、溝深さが20mmであり、溝の底は欠け防止のために半径5mmの曲面になっている。屋根材2の表面には凹凸模様が付されている。
【0019】
上記屋根材2となる多孔質セラミック板は、主材料成分が、スラグ(高炉スラグ又は溶融スラグ等)50〜60%、ガラスカレット(ガラス瓶等の破砕物)25〜35%、高炉セメント(普通セメントに高炉スラグ付加)5〜15%からなるものを800〜1200度で焼結して製造した。この多孔質セラミック板はその空隙率が50〜60%であり、十分に水分を吸収し、保水できるものである。
【0020】
屋根固定具3は、ステンレス鋼(SUS301)の長尺板が長さ方向にL形に屈曲されてなり、固定板部31と嵌合片部32とからなっている。この屋根固定具3の固定板部31が防水剤の塗布されたステンレス製のスクリュウ釘33、33…により、屋根防水下地面1に固定されている。屋根固定具3、3…は流れ方向と平行に305mm間隔で設けられている。嵌合片部32はその上部がフック状に屈曲され、その屈曲部の外径が12mmになされている。嵌合片部32の屈曲部は、上記屋根材2の嵌合溝幅より大きくなっているが、その屈曲部がばね弾性を有しており、屋根材2の嵌合溝21に嵌合し係止するようになっている。
【0021】
屋根材2、2…は、図1に示すように、屋根防水下地面1上の屋根固定具3、3…に上方の棟の方から、下方の軒先に向けて千鳥状に且つ一文字葺きされている。隣接する屋根材2、2間の目地幅は5mmになっており、屋根葺の施工性、屋根材2の交換性をよくしている。また、屋根材2、2…を千鳥状に葺いているので、屋根材2の落下に対する強度が増している。
【0022】
屋根材2が割れたり損傷した場合には、図4に示すように、その損傷した屋根材2のみを交換すればよい。この時、屋根材2は隣接する屋根材2とは目地幅5mmを取っており、重ならないので、交換が容易である。また、嵌合するだけで屋根材2の取り付けができるので施工が簡単である。
【0023】
このように、この屋根構造は、屋根防水下地面1の上に、複数の屋根材固定具3、3…が排水が可能なように流れ方向に向けて取り付けられ、この屋根材固定具3、3…に複数の屋根材2、2…が互いに重なることなく葺かれているから、屋根固定具3、3…が排水の邪魔にならずにスムーズに雨水を排水でき、しかも、屋根材2の交換も容易になる。
【0024】
この屋根構造は、屋根材2が保水性を有するものであるから、屋根材2が雨水などを吸収して保水するとその熱容量が増大し、屋根の保温、断熱性などが向上するとともに、夏期において屋根が加熱されると、この保水水分が蒸発するときに気化熱を奪うので、屋根の過熱を防止することができる。したがって、小屋裏も過熱されることがない。
【0025】
この屋根構造は、屋根材2と屋根材固定具3とが嵌合により固定されるものであるから、屋根材2を嵌合するだけで、屋根葺ができ、施工が容易になり、また、屋根材2の交換も容易になる。
【0026】
以上、本発明の実施例を説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等があっても本発明に含まれる。例えば、屋根材は軒先側から棟側に向けて葺いてもよいのはもちろんである。屋根防水下地面は、耐火性のある金属板やステンレス板であってもよい。また、屋根材間の目地をステンレス材などで覆へば防火性能を高めることができる。更に、屋根材の保水性を利用して芝生などの植物を屋根上で育成してもよい。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
請求項1記載の屋根構造は、屋根防水下地面の上に、流れ方向に向けて取り付けられた屋根材固定具に、複数の屋根材が互いに重なることなく葺かれているから、屋根固定具が排水の邪魔にならずにスムーズに排水でき、下地面の防水も簡単になり、しかも、屋根材の交換も容易にできる。
【0028】
請求項2記載の屋根構造は、屋根材が保水性を有するものであるから、保水することにより屋根材の熱容量が増大でき、屋根の保温、断熱性などが向上するとともに、この保水水分が蒸発するときに気化熱を奪い、屋根の過熱を防止することができる。
【0029】
請求項3記載の屋根構造は、屋根材と屋根材固定具とが嵌合により固定されるものであるから、屋根材を嵌合するだけで、屋根葺ができ、施工が容易になり、また、屋根材の交換も容易にできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例である屋根構造を説明する斜視図である。
【図2】上記屋根構造の横断面図である。
【図3】本発明に使用する屋根材の裏側の斜視図である。
【図4】本発明の屋根構造において屋根材の取り付け取り外し状態を説明する縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 屋根下地面
12 防水シート
2 屋根材
21 嵌合溝
3 屋根固定具
31 固定板部
32 嵌合片部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a roof structure of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a roof structure with roof tiles is placed on the eaves of the roof tiles adjacent to each other so that rainwater can be drained on the surface of the roof tiles, which is not completely waterproof. From the building to the wing, several roof tiles were spread and constructed.
[0003]
On the other hand, as a new construction method, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-196061 proposes a roof structure in which a roof material having water retention is provided on a completely waterproof roof base surface without overlapping each other. ing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the roof structure using the above conventional roof tile material overlaps and drains the roof tile material on the surface, the direction of the roofing is limited from the eaves to the building. In addition, when the roof tile material is exchanged, the roof tile materials overlap each other. Therefore, the roof tile material above the corresponding roof tile material must be removed, and there is a problem that the replacement is not easy.
[0005]
Since the roof structure proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-196061 is scooped without overlapping the roof material, the replacement of the roof material is easy. However, because the roofing material is lined on the horizontal receiving material, in order to drain water, the keystone plate with the vertical grooves for draining below the horizontal receiving material is used as the base waterproofing material. It was installed. For this reason, there existed a problem that a base waterproof material will become expensive.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a roof structure that solves the above-described problems of the prior art, allows easy replacement of the roofing material, and makes the base waterproofing material simple.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of roofing material fixtures are mounted on the roof waterproof ground surface in a flow direction so that drainage is possible, and the roofing material fixtures overlap each other. It is a roof structure characterized by being sown without any problems.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 2 is the roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof material has water retention.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 3 is the roof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the roof material and the roof material fixture are fixed by fitting.
[0010]
In the present invention, the roofing material fixing tool is for fixing the roofing material to the roof base surface, such as nails, fences, screws, bolts and nuts alone, long bodies such as bars, nails, screws, bolts and nuts, etc. In combination with the roofing material by springs and unevenness.
[0011]
In the second aspect of the present invention, the roofing material having water retention means that the roofing material can absorb moisture such as rainwater on its surface and keep the moisture inside as it is. For example, tiles having a large number of pores, porous ceramics, porous tiles, porous bricks, porous glass, cellular concrete, ALC, etc., or synthetic resin porous bodies, fiber aggregates Etc. are used. It is preferable that the porosity of the roofing material is in the range of 40 to 70% because sufficient water retention can be achieved.
[0012]
[Action]
The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of roofing material fixtures are mounted on the roof waterproof ground surface in a flow direction so that drainage is possible, and the plurality of roofing materials are mutually attached to the roofing material fixtures. Since they are laid without overlapping, the roof fixture can be drained smoothly without interfering with drainage, and the replacement of the roofing material is facilitated.
[0013]
In the roof structure according to claim 2, since the roofing material has water retention capacity, when the roofing material retains water, its heat capacity increases, and the heat insulation, heat insulation, etc. of the roof improve, and this water retention moisture evaporates. Sometimes the heat of vaporization is taken away, so that the roof can be prevented from overheating.
[0014]
In the roof structure according to claim 3, since the roof material and the roof material fixture are fixed by fitting, the roof can be made by simply fitting the roof material, and the construction becomes easy. Also, replacement of the roofing material becomes easy.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roof structure, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the back side of a roof material used in the present invention, and FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the attachment removal state of a roof material in the roof structure of.
[0016]
In FIG. 1, a plurality of roof fixtures 3, 3... Are attached on the roof waterproof base surface 1 in the flow direction so that they can be drained. A plurality of roofing materials 2, 2... Are wound on the roof fixtures 3, 3.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 2, the waterproof waterproof base surface 1 has a waterproof sheet 12 made of a soft vinyl chloride resin sheet, an asphalt felt sheet, a rubberized cloth sheet, etc. Rainwater flows from the building toward the eaves.
[0018]
The roofing material 2 is made of a porous ceramic plate having a length of 130 mm, a width of 605 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm, and two fitting grooves 21 and 21 are vertically provided on the back surface thereof with an interval of 305 mm. The fitting groove 21 has a groove width of 10 mm and a groove depth of 20 mm, and the bottom of the groove has a curved surface with a radius of 5 mm to prevent chipping. The surface of the roofing material 2 is provided with an uneven pattern.
[0019]
The porous ceramic plate used as the roofing material 2 is composed of 50-60% slag (blast furnace slag or molten slag), glass cullet (crushed material such as glass bottle) 25-35%, blast furnace cement (ordinary cement). Blast furnace slag was added to 5 to 15% and sintered at 800 to 1200 degrees. This porous ceramic plate has a porosity of 50 to 60% and can sufficiently absorb moisture and retain water.
[0020]
The roof fixture 3 is made of a long plate of stainless steel (SUS301) bent in an L shape in the length direction, and includes a fixed plate portion 31 and a fitting piece portion 32. The fixing plate portion 31 of the roof fixture 3 is fixed to the roof waterproof ground surface 1 by stainless steel screw nails 33, 33. The roof fixtures 3, 3... Are provided in parallel with the flow direction at intervals of 305 mm. The upper part of the fitting piece 32 is bent in a hook shape, and the outer diameter of the bent part is 12 mm. The bent portion of the fitting piece 32 is larger than the fitting groove width of the roof material 2, but the bent portion has spring elasticity and is fitted into the fitting groove 21 of the roof material 2. It is designed to be locked.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, the roofing materials 2, 2... Are staggered in a zigzag pattern from the upper ridge toward the lower eaves by the roof fixtures 3, 3. ing. The joint width between the adjacent roofing materials 2 and 2 is 5 mm, and the workability of the roof roof and the exchangeability of the roofing material 2 are improved. Further, since the roofing materials 2, 2... Are staggered, the strength against the falling of the roofing material 2 is increased.
[0022]
When the roofing material 2 is cracked or damaged, only the damaged roofing material 2 needs to be replaced as shown in FIG. At this time, the roofing material 2 has a joint width of 5 mm with the adjacent roofing material 2 and does not overlap, so that the replacement is easy. Moreover, since the roof material 2 can be attached only by fitting, construction is easy.
[0023]
Thus, this roof structure is attached on the roof waterproof ground surface 1 so that a plurality of roofing fixtures 3, 3... Are attached in the flow direction so that drainage is possible. Since the plurality of roofing materials 2, 2... Are laid without overlapping each other, the roof fixtures 3, 3... Can smoothly drain rainwater without interfering with drainage. Exchange is also easy.
[0024]
In this roof structure, since the roofing material 2 has water retention capacity, when the roofing material 2 absorbs rainwater and retains water, the heat capacity increases, and the heat insulation and heat insulation of the roof are improved. When the roof is heated, it takes heat of vaporization when the water content is evaporated, so that the roof can be prevented from being overheated. Therefore, the back of the hut is not overheated.
[0025]
In this roof structure, the roofing material 2 and the roofing material fixture 3 are fixed by fitting. Therefore, by simply fitting the roofing material 2, roofing can be performed, and the construction becomes easy. Replacement of the roofing material 2 is also facilitated.
[0026]
As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Even if there is a design change etc. of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it is included in this invention. For example, the roofing material may be spread from the eaves side toward the ridge side. The roof waterproof base surface may be a fire-resistant metal plate or stainless steel plate. Further, if the joints between the roofing materials are covered with stainless steel or the like, the fireproof performance can be enhanced. Furthermore, you may grow plants, such as a lawn, on a roof using the water retention property of a roofing material.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
In the roof structure according to claim 1, a plurality of roofing materials are wound on the roofing material fixing device attached in the flow direction on the roof waterproof base surface without overlapping each other. Water can be drained smoothly without interfering with drainage, waterproofing of the ground surface can be simplified, and roof materials can be easily replaced.
[0028]
In the roof structure according to claim 2, since the roofing material has water retention, the heat capacity of the roofing material can be increased by retaining the water, and the heat retention and heat insulation of the roof are improved, and the water retention moisture evaporates. You can take away the heat of vaporization and prevent the roof from overheating.
[0029]
In the roof structure according to claim 3, since the roof material and the roof material fixture are fixed by fitting, the roof can be made by simply fitting the roof material, and the construction becomes easy. The roofing material can be easily replaced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roof structure.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the back side of the roofing material used in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a state of attaching and removing a roof material in the roof structure of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof base surface 12 Waterproof sheet 2 Roof material 21 Fitting groove 3 Roof fixing tool 31 Fixing plate part 32 Fitting piece part

Claims (3)

屋根防水下地面の上に、複数の屋根材固定具が排水が可能なように流れ方向に向けて取り付けられ、この屋根材固定具に複数の屋根材が互いに重なることなく葺かれていることを特徴とする屋根構造。A plurality of roofing fixtures are mounted on the roof waterproof ground surface in the flow direction so that drainage is possible. A characteristic roof structure. 屋根材が保水性を有するものである請求項1記載の屋根構造。The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof material has water retention. 屋根材と屋根材固定具とが嵌合により固定されるものである請求項1又は2記載の屋根構造。The roof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the roof material and the roof material fixture are fixed by fitting.
JP00308599A 1999-01-08 1999-01-08 Roof structure Expired - Lifetime JP3634175B2 (en)

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JP00308599A JP3634175B2 (en) 1999-01-08 1999-01-08 Roof structure

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JP2000204718A JP2000204718A (en) 2000-07-25
JP3634175B2 true JP3634175B2 (en) 2005-03-30

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002335748A (en) * 2001-05-22 2002-11-26 Miki Giken Co Ltd Planting unit for vegetation of rooftop, roof or the like of architectural structure and planting structural body for vegetation using the same

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