JP3634103B2 - Steel cord for reinforcing rubber products - Google Patents

Steel cord for reinforcing rubber products Download PDF

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JP3634103B2
JP3634103B2 JP04852497A JP4852497A JP3634103B2 JP 3634103 B2 JP3634103 B2 JP 3634103B2 JP 04852497 A JP04852497 A JP 04852497A JP 4852497 A JP4852497 A JP 4852497A JP 3634103 B2 JP3634103 B2 JP 3634103B2
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strands
strand
cord
steel cord
core
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JPH10237777A (en
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芳郎 小林
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金井 宏彰
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0646Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles comprising longitudinally preformed wires
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/0057Reinforcements comprising preshaped elements, e.g. undulated or zig-zag filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0613Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the rope configuration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/062Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2007Wires or filaments characterised by their longitudinal shape
    • D07B2201/2008Wires or filaments characterised by their longitudinal shape wavy or undulated
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2023Strands with core
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2024Strands twisted
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2024Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029Open winding
    • D07B2201/2031Different twist pitch
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2024Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029Open winding
    • D07B2201/2031Different twist pitch
    • D07B2201/2032Different twist pitch compared with the core
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047Cores
    • D07B2201/2052Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2059Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
    • D07B2201/2061Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires resulting in a twisted structure
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/208Enabling filler penetration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00Application field
    • D07B2501/20Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2046Tire cords
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00Application field
    • D07B2501/20Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2076Power transmissions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は自動車用タイヤ、コンベアベルト等のゴム製品の補強材として使用されるゴム製品の補強用スチールコードに関するものであり、スチールコードの内部空洞へのゴム材の浸入を促進し、上記内部空洞への水の浸入によってスチールコードの腐食が促進され、その機械的強度が低下することを可及的に低減できるものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、この種のスチールコードは複数本の素線を撚り合わせた構造であり、このスチールコードの複数本が平行に引き揃えられた状態でゴム材で以て被覆されてゴム製品の補強材として使用されている。したがって、スチールコードとして必要不可欠な条件は、機械的強度に優れることは勿論のこと、ゴム材との化学的接着が良好であること、およびスチールコード内部へのゴム材の浸入が良好であることである。すなわち、スチールコードがゴム製品の補強材としての役割を十分に果たすためには、ゴム材と完全な複合体となることが必要である。
これまでのスチールコードは4〜5本の素線を相互に密着して撚り合わせた、いわゆるクローズド撚り構造のものが一般的である。この種のスチールコードは、空洞がコード中央部に存在しているため、スチールコードと2枚のゴムシートとを用いて複合体シートを形成する場合、ゴム材が上記空洞部に浸入せず、単にコードの外周を被覆するだけで、ゴム材との完全な複合体が形成され難い。
したがって、上記スチールコードを使用したゴム製品、例えば自動車用タイヤでは、ゴム材とスチールコードとの接着が十分でなく、自動車の走行時にゴム材とスチールコードが剥離する、いわゆるセパレーツ現象を起こし、タイヤの機能を著しく阻害すると共に、ゴム材中の水分やタイヤの割れ目から浸入した水分がコード内部の前記空洞部に至り、コード内部をその長手方向に伝播してコードを腐食させて機械的強度を大幅に低下させ、ゴム製品の耐用寿命を著しく短くする。このために、ゴム材がスチールコードの内部まで浸入し、しかも各素線の全周に接着するようにすることが望まれる。この要請に応えることを目的としたものの一つが、素線間に隙間を介在させて撚り合わせたいわゆるオープン撚り構造の補強用スチールコードである。しかし、このオープン撚り構造の補強用スチールコードにおいてゴム材が内部空洞に十分に浸入して各素線の全周に接着するようにするには、各素線間の隙間をゴム材が浸入できる大きさ、すなわち0.02mm以上とすることが必要である。しかしながらこのように隙間を各素線間に十分とると、スチールコードの製造時において撚り構造が不安定になりやすく、素線の片寄りが生じたり、撚りがスチールコードの長手方向に不均一になるという欠点がある。また、このスチールコードは極低荷重での伸びが大きいため、取扱作業性および複合体シート成形時の作業性が悪いばかりか、複合体シート成形時に加えられる低荷重の張力によって上記隙間が減少し、ゴム材が十分浸入せず、したがって、前記の如き弊害を招くこととなっていた。
そこで、図5に示すような、4本の同一線径の素線を密着して撚り合わせた1×4構造のスチールコードの少なくとも1本の素線に略スパイラル状のくせを有するスチールコードが公知である(実公平7−30714号公報、以下、これを「従来技術」という)。このスチールコードにおいては、クローズド撚りのため、極低荷重時の伸びは小さく取扱作業性はクローズド撚りのものと変わりはなく撚りは安定し、しかもスパイラル状のくせを施した1本の素線と隣接する素線との間に、コード内部へのゴム浸入路ができるため、コード内部空洞へのゴム材の浸入が良好になる。
上記従来技術のスチールコードにおいては、内部空洞へのゴム材の浸入が相当に向上されたとは言えるも、必ずしも十分でない。その理由は次のとおりと推測される。
すなわち、スパイラル状のくせを施していない他の3本の素線A、B、Cの中央の1本Bとその両側に接触する素線Aの間の隙間S、素線BとCの間の隙間Sまではゴム材が十分浸入し得ない。これはスパイラル状のくせを施していない3本の素線によって形作られる隙間の形がL形であるためにゴムの浸入口Eから浸入したゴム材が上記隙間Sまで達しないことに起因するものと推測される。
また、このものについては素線CまたはAにもスパイラル状のくせを施せばこれと素線Bとの間にもゴム材の浸入路が形成されるので、この浸入路から隙間Sにゴム材を浸入させることができるが、スパイラル状のくせ付けを施す素線数が増えるので、その分、非常に高価である回転機構を有するくせ付装置を増設する必要がありそれだけコードの製作コストが増大する別の問題が残る。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この発明は、上記従来のスチールコードについて上記問題を解消することを目的として、初期伸びを増大させることなく、また、製作コストの増加を招くことなく、内部空洞に十分なゴム材を浸入させるための浸入路が形成されるように、スチールコードの構造を工夫することをその課題とするものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題解決のために講じた手段は、同一線径の4本の素線を撚り合わせて構成され、そのうちの1本にスパイラル状のくせを施したスチールコードを前提として、次の要素(イ)〜(ハ)によって構成されるものである。
(イ)2本の芯素線をコードの中心において互いに撚り合わせ、これに他の2本の側素線を芯素線の撚りピッチと同一ピッチで同一方向に撚り合わせたこと、
(ロ)2本の芯素線の中心を通る中心平面に対してその片側に2本の側素線を互いに点接触するように配置したこと、
(ハ)2本の側素線のうちスパイラル状のくせが施されていない1本の素線に芯素線の波高さよりも大なる波高さを有する型付けを施したこと。
【0005】
【作 用】
図1、図2、図3を参照しつつ作用を説明する。
芯素線2、3は互いに撚り合わされ、その両素線の中心を通る平面に対してその片側において、側素線4、5が芯素線2、3の撚りと同一ピッチ、同一方向に撚り合わされてスチールコード1を形成している。側素線4には略スパイラル状のくせが施され、側素線5には芯素線2、3の波高さよりも大なる波高さを有する型付け(なお、「過剰波高型付け」ともいう)が施されている。そして、側素線5は芯素線2、3の波高さよりも大なる波高さを有する型付けが施こされているために自由度が大きい(余裕がある)。したがって、スパイラル状のくせが施された側素線4によって側素線5が、芯素線2、3の共通接線Lから遠ざけられる方向に押し出された位置で安定する。そしてこの状態では芯素線2、3と側素線5との配置関係はくの字状であり、この3つの素線を結ぶ三角形は鈍角三角形になる。そして、側素線4にはスパイラル状のくせが施され、かつ側素線5には波高さが大なる型付けが施されているために、芯素線3と側素線4との間、および側素線5と側素線4との間にゴム浸入路Eが形成されるほか、芯素線2と側素線5との間にもゴム浸入路Eが形成される。
このようにスチールコードの芯素線2、3と側素線4、5との間の隙間には三方の浸入路E、E、Eからゴム材が浸入できるので、スチールコードの内部空洞にはゴム材が十分に充填される。
なお、側素線5の波高さは芯素線の波高さよりも大でありこの側素線自体の自由度が大きいが、芯素線2、3は密に撚り合わされているので、コード全体の引張荷重に対する長手方向の遊びは無く、したがって、極低荷重時の伸び(初期伸び)はクローズド撚りと同等に小さい。また、側素線5に施す波高が大なる型付けは、側素線5を回転しないくせ付装置にとりつけられた複数本のピン間(即ち、回転しない複数本のピン間)を通すことで得ることが出来るので、非常に高価な回転機構は不要であり、ほんのわずかな製作コストの増加に抑えることができる。
【0006】
【実施態様】
上記側素線4のスパイラル状のくせのくせピッチP=6d〜30d、くせ外径d=(d+2/100mm)〜(d+2/10mm)とし、芯素線の波高さを100とするとき、側素線5の波高さを110〜150とすること(ただし、dは素線径)。
側素線4のスパイラル状の小さいくせ形状について、くせピッチPが素線dの6倍より小さいと、くせ付け時に素線に無理な塑性変形が加わるため、素線が折れ易くなり、一方30倍よりも大きいと、ゴム製品成形時のゴムのフローによる引張力、あるいはコード表面に負荷されるしごき力によって素線間の隙間が減少し、ゴム材の浸入が阻害される。くせピッチP=6d〜30d(従来技術においても同様)が適当な範囲である。なお、芯素線2、3のコード撚りピッチPは撚りの安定性、生産性の面から8〜12mmであることが好ましく、この範囲におけるスパイラル状のくせのPは上記理由と略同様の理由から0.3P〜0.7Pとするのが好ましい。
また、くせ外径dがd+2/100mmよりも小さいと、流動性のよいゴムを使用してもゴム材が加圧加硫時にコード内部へ十分浸入せず、一方d+2/10mmよりも大きいと、撚りの安定性が悪く、極低荷重時の伸びが大きくなり、取扱作業性が悪くなる。くせ外径d=(d+2/100mm)〜(d+2/10mm)とする(上記従来技術においても同様)ことによってこれらの問題を回避できる。
さらに、側素線5の波高さが110(芯素線の波高さを100とする)よりも小さいと側素線5と芯素線との間の間隙が小さくて側素線5と芯素線2との間に十分な大きさのゴム浸入路を確保できず、150を越えると撚り構造が不安定になり易く、素線の片寄りが生じたり、撚りがスチールコードの長手方向に不均一になる。波高さを110〜150とすることによって以上の問題を回避できる。なお、本明細書における波高さは図6に示すように、所謂、振幅の2倍をいう。
【0007】
【比較試験】
1×4×0.27の従来のスチールコード4点、本発明の例6点を作成し、これについてゴム浸入性、コードの初期伸び、耐疲労性、フレッティング量、取扱作業性等について試験、評価した。その結果を表1に示す。
【表1】

Figure 0003634103
この試験、評価、あるいは表1におけるゴム材の浸入性RP(%)は、各スチールコードに5Kgの荷重をかけた状態で100%モジュラスが35Kg/cmのゴム材(スチールコードを埋設するタイヤのブレーカー用として使用される通常のゴム材)中に埋込み加硫した後スチールコードを取り出し、当該コードを分解して各素線間の一定長さを観察し、観察した長さに対してゴム材と接触した形跡のある長さを百分率で求め、その平均値を表示したものである。
また、5Kgの荷重をかけた時の伸びSL(%)は、各コードの伸びを示し、取扱作業性および撚りの安定性を確保するために0.4%以下であることが必要である。
さらに耐疲労性RFは、スチールコードを複数本、100%モジュラスが35Kg/cmのゴム材中に埋め込んで複合体シートを形成し、このシートについて繰り返し曲げ疲労試験(3点プーリ曲げ試験機によるフレッティング磨耗、座屈試験等)を行い、コードが破断するに至るまでの繰り返し回数を求め、その繰り返し回数を従来例2のコードのそれを100として指数で表示したものである。
フレッティング量QF(μ)は、上記3点プーリ曲げ試験機による疲労試験片のコードを分解して、各素線の破断面の顕微鏡写真を撮り、その破断面におけるフレッティング磨耗発生部の最大磨耗深さを測定し、各素線の平均値を算出して表示したものである。
さらに、取扱作業性HWは、スチールコード製造時、複合体シート成形時の煩雑さならびにコードの取扱作業性の評価であり、また製造時の加工難易度も考慮して従来例1のコードと比較して非常に劣るものを×、差がないものを○とした評価である。
設備コストCTは、スチールコード製造設備にかかる設備コストの評価であり、従来例3のコードと比較して劣るものを×、差がないものを○とした評価である。
表1において、従来例1は1×4×0.27のクローズド撚り構造のスチールコードであって撚りが安定しており、5Kg荷重時の伸び、取扱作業性は良好であるがゴム材の浸入性に問題があり、そのためにフレッティング磨耗が大きい。
従来例2は平均型付け率(各素線間に隙間を設けて撚り合わせたときのコード径/各素線を密着させて撚り合わせたときのコード径×100)が130%のオープン撚りの1×4×0.27のスチールコードであって、ゴム浸入性および耐疲労性に優れるが、5Kgの荷重時の伸びが大きく取扱作業性に劣る。
従来例3は図5の従来例であり、4本の素線のうちの1本にスパイラル状の小さなくせを施した1×4×0.27のスチールコードであり、ゴム浸入性はおおむね良好であるが、スパイラル状のくせを施していない素線間に発生する隙間にはゴムが浸入しておらず、全体でのゴム浸入性は不十分である。
従来例4は4本の素線のうちの2本にスパイラル状の小さなくせを施した1×4×0.27のスチールコードであり、ゴム材の浸入性は100%であるが、スパイラル状のくせを施す装置を別途必要になるので、設備コストが高くなる。
本発明例1〜6は本発明についての試験例であり、ゴム浸入性、5Kg荷重時の伸び、耐疲労性、フレッティング量、取扱作業性および設備コストも満足できるものである。なお、図4は図2における断面(1)〜(8)の各断面図である。
【0008】
【効 果】
本発明のスチールコードは、コード長手方向の全域に亘ってコード内部に空洞が残らず、かつ極低荷重時のコードの初期伸びが小さく、スチールコードを構成する各素線間にゴム材が確実に行きわたる。これによって、スチールコードとゴム材との完全な複合体となり、コードの腐食を防止できると共にゴム材とコードとのセパレーツ現象を防止でき、ゴム製品の疲労寿命が延長される。しかも、繰り返し曲げ応力が加わっても、座屈が発生せず、またフレッティング現象による磨耗量も少ないために、耐疲労性に優れる。さらに、極低荷重時のコードの伸びが大きいと、スチールコードをリールに巻き取る際にリールがパンクしたり、複合体シート成形の際にシートが波打つ等の弊害があるが、これが解消される等の優れた効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のスチールコードの断面図である。
【図2】本発明のスチールコードの正面図である。
【図3】図2の一部拡大図である。
【図4】図2における断面(1)〜(8)の各断面図である。
【図5】従来技術のスチールコードの断面図である。
【図6】本発明の波高さの説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・スチールコード
2、3・・・芯素線
4・・・略スパイラル状のくせを施した側素線
5・・・芯素線2、3の型付けよりも過剰に型付けした側素線
A、B、C・・・スパイラル状のくせを施してない素線
S・・・隙間
L・・・芯素線2、3の共通接線
E・・・ゴムの浸入口
、E・・・ゴム浸入路[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a steel cord for reinforcing rubber products used as a reinforcing material for rubber products such as automobile tires and conveyor belts, and promotes the penetration of the rubber material into the inner cavity of the steel cord, and the inner cavity It is possible to reduce as much as possible that the corrosion of the steel cord is accelerated by the intrusion of water into the steel and the mechanical strength thereof is lowered.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, this type of steel cord has a structure in which a plurality of strands are twisted together, and the steel cord is covered with a rubber material in a state where the steel cords are arranged in parallel to serve as a reinforcement for rubber products. in use. Therefore, indispensable conditions for steel cords are not only excellent mechanical strength, but also good chemical adhesion with rubber materials, and good penetration of rubber materials inside steel cords. It is. That is, in order for the steel cord to sufficiently fulfill the role as a reinforcing material for rubber products, it is necessary to form a complete composite with the rubber material.
Conventional steel cords generally have a so-called closed twist structure in which 4 to 5 strands are closely adhered and twisted together. Since this type of steel cord has a cavity in the middle of the cord, when forming a composite sheet using a steel cord and two rubber sheets, the rubber material does not enter the cavity, It is difficult to form a complete composite with a rubber material simply by covering the outer periphery of the cord.
Therefore, in rubber products using the above steel cords, for example, tires for automobiles, the rubber material and the steel cord are not sufficiently bonded, and the rubber material and the steel cord are peeled off when the automobile is running, causing a so-called separates phenomenon. In addition, the moisture in the rubber material and the moisture that has entered from the cracks of the tire reach the cavity inside the cord and propagate in the cord in the longitudinal direction to corrode the cord and increase the mechanical strength. Drastically reduce the service life of rubber products significantly. For this purpose, it is desired that the rubber material penetrates into the steel cord and adheres to the entire circumference of each strand. One of the objects aimed at meeting this demand is a steel cord for reinforcement having a so-called open twist structure in which a gap is interposed between the strands and twisted together. However, in the steel cord for reinforcement having an open twist structure, in order for the rubber material to sufficiently penetrate into the internal cavity and adhere to the entire circumference of each strand, the rubber material can penetrate the gaps between the strands. The size needs to be 0.02 mm or more. However, if sufficient gaps are provided between the strands in this way, the twisted structure tends to become unstable during the manufacture of the steel cord, the strands may be displaced, and the twist may be uneven in the longitudinal direction of the steel cord. There is a drawback of becoming. In addition, since this steel cord has a large elongation at extremely low loads, not only the handling workability and workability at the time of forming the composite sheet are bad, but the above gap is reduced by the low load tension applied at the time of forming the composite sheet. However, the rubber material does not sufficiently penetrate, and thus the above-mentioned adverse effects are caused.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a steel cord having a substantially spiral shape is formed on at least one strand of a steel cord having a 1 × 4 structure in which four strands having the same wire diameter are closely twisted together. Publicly known (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-30714, hereinafter referred to as “prior art”). In this steel cord, because of the closed twist, the elongation at extremely low load is small, the handling workability is the same as that of the closed twist, the twist is stable, and the single strand with spiral spiral Since a rubber intrusion path is formed inside the cord between adjacent strands, the rubber material can be satisfactorily penetrated into the cord internal cavity.
In the steel cord of the above prior art, although it can be said that the penetration of the rubber material into the internal cavity is considerably improved, it is not always sufficient. The reason is presumed as follows.
That is, the gap S between the other one of the three strands A, B, and C, which are not provided with the spiral-shaped habit, and the strand A that contacts both sides thereof, and between the strands B and C Until the gap S, the rubber material cannot sufficiently penetrate. This is due to the fact that the gap formed by the three strands not having the spiral shape is L-shaped, so that the rubber material that has entered through the rubber inlet E does not reach the gap S. It is guessed.
In addition, since a rubber material intrusion path is also formed between the wire C or A and the wire B if the wire C or A is also spiraled, the rubber material enters the gap S from the intrusion path. However, since the number of strands to be spiraled is increased, it is necessary to add a very expensive costing device with a rotating mechanism, and the cord production cost increases accordingly. Another problem remains.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to solve the above-described problems with the conventional steel cord, the present invention allows sufficient rubber material to enter the internal cavity without increasing the initial elongation and without increasing the manufacturing cost. An object of the present invention is to devise the structure of the steel cord so that an intrusion path is formed.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The means taken to solve the above problem is based on the steel cord with four strands of the same wire diameter twisted and one of which is spirally crushed. ) To (c).
(A) Two core strands are twisted together in the center of the cord, and the other two side strands are twisted in the same direction at the same pitch as the strand pitch of the core strands,
(B) The two side strands are arranged so as to be in point contact with each other on one side with respect to a central plane passing through the centers of the two core strands;
(C) One of the two side strands that is not provided with a spiral-like bevel has been subjected to a mold having a wave height greater than the wave height of the core strand.
[0005]
[Operation]
The operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
The core strands 2 and 3 are twisted together, and on one side of the plane passing through the center of both strands, the side strands 4 and 5 are twisted in the same pitch and in the same direction as the strands of the core strands 2 and 3. Together they form a steel cord 1. The side strand 4 is provided with a substantially spiral-like warp, and the side strand 5 is molded with a wave height larger than the wave height of the core strands 2 and 3 (also referred to as “excess wave height typing”). It has been subjected. And the side strand 5 has a large degree of freedom (there is a margin) because the type | molding which has a wave height larger than the wave height of the core strands 2 and 3 is given. Therefore, the side strand 5 is stabilized at the position where the side strand 5 is pushed away in the direction away from the common tangent line L of the core strands 2 and 3 by the side strand 4 to which the spiral beak has been applied. In this state, the arrangement relationship between the core strands 2 and 3 and the side strand 5 is a square shape, and the triangle connecting these three strands is an obtuse triangle. And since the side strand 4 is spirally shaped and the side strand 5 is given a type with a large wave height, between the core strand 3 and the side strand 4, In addition, a rubber intrusion path E 1 is formed between the side element wire 5 and the side element wire 4, and a rubber intrusion path E 2 is also formed between the core element wire 2 and the side element wire 5.
As described above, since the rubber material can enter the gaps between the core strands 2 and 3 of the steel cord and the side strands 4 and 5 from the three entry paths E 1 , E 1 and E 2 , the inside of the steel cord The cavity is sufficiently filled with rubber material.
The wave height of the side strands 5 is larger than the wave height of the core strands, and the side strands themselves have a high degree of freedom. However, since the core strands 2 and 3 are tightly twisted, There is no play in the longitudinal direction with respect to the tensile load, and therefore the elongation at the very low load (initial elongation) is as small as the closed twist. Moreover, the type | molding with which the wave height given to the side strand 5 is large is obtained by letting the side strand 5 pass between several pins (namely, between several pins which do not rotate) attached to the non-rotating non-rotating apparatus. Therefore, a very expensive rotation mechanism is unnecessary, and a slight increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
[0006]
Embodiment
When the helical strand pitch P 1 of the side strand 4 is 6 d to 30 d, the outside diameter d 1 is (d + 2/100 mm) to (d + 2/10 mm), and the wave height of the core strand is 100 The wave height of the side strand 5 is set to 110 to 150 (where d is the strand diameter).
With respect to the spiral small comb shape of the side strand 4, if the comb pitch P 1 is smaller than 6 times the strand d, an excessive plastic deformation is applied to the strand at the time of caulking, so that the strand is easily broken. If it is larger than 30 times, the gap between the strands decreases due to the tensile force caused by the rubber flow at the time of molding the rubber product or the ironing force applied to the cord surface, and the penetration of the rubber material is hindered. The habit pitch P 1 = 6d to 30d (similar in the prior art) is an appropriate range. Incidentally, twisted cord stability of pitch P twist Shinmotosen 2,3, from the viewpoint of productivity is preferably 8 to 12 mm, P 1 of the habit of spiral in this range the reason substantially similar For reasons, it is preferably 0.3P to 0.7P.
In addition, if the outer diameter d 1 is smaller than d + 2/100 mm, the rubber material does not sufficiently enter the inside of the cord during pressure vulcanization even if rubber having good fluidity is used, whereas if the outer diameter d 1 is larger than d + 2/10 mm. Further, the twist stability is poor, the elongation at extremely low load is increased, and the handling workability is deteriorated. These problems can be avoided by setting the outer diameter d 1 = (d + 2/100 mm) to (d + 2/10 mm) (the same applies to the above prior art).
Further, if the wave height of the side element wire 5 is smaller than 110 (assuming the wave height of the core element line is 100), the gap between the side element wire 5 and the core element wire is small, and the side element wire 5 and the core element are reduced. A sufficiently large rubber entry path cannot be secured between the wire 2 and the wire structure exceeding 150 tends to make the twisted structure unstable, causing the strands to be offset, and twisting to occur in the longitudinal direction of the steel cord. It becomes uniform. The above problem can be avoided by setting the wave height to 110 to 150. In addition, the wave height in the present specification means so-called twice the amplitude as shown in FIG.
[0007]
[Comparison test]
Four conventional steel cords of 1 × 4 × 0.27 and six examples of the present invention were prepared and tested for rubber penetration, initial elongation of the cord, fatigue resistance, fretting amount, handling workability, etc. ,evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003634103
This test, evaluation, or rubber material intrusion RP (%) in Table 1 is a rubber material having a 100% modulus of 35 kg / cm 2 with a load of 5 kg applied to each steel cord (a tire embedded with a steel cord). Normal rubber material used for circuit breakers), embed and vulcanize, take out the steel cord, disassemble the cord and observe a certain length between each strand, rubber against the observed length The length of traces that contact the material is obtained as a percentage, and the average value is displayed.
Further, the elongation SL (%) when a load of 5 kg is applied indicates the elongation of each cord, and is required to be 0.4% or less in order to ensure handling workability and twist stability.
Furthermore, the fatigue resistance RF is formed by embedding a plurality of steel cords in a rubber material having a 100% modulus of 35 kg / cm 2 to form a composite sheet. This sheet is subjected to repeated bending fatigue tests (using a three-point pulley bending tester). Fretting wear, buckling test, etc.) are performed, and the number of repetitions until the cord breaks is obtained, and the number of repetitions is represented by an index with the number of the cord of Conventional Example 2 being 100.
The fretting amount QF (μ) is obtained by disassembling the code of the fatigue test piece by the above three-point pulley bending tester, taking a micrograph of the fracture surface of each strand, The wear depth is measured, and the average value of each strand is calculated and displayed.
Furthermore, the handling workability HW is an evaluation of the complexity of steel cord production and composite sheet molding and the handling workability of the cord. Compared with the cord of the conventional example 1 in consideration of the difficulty of processing at the time of production. Thus, the evaluation was evaluated as x for a very inferior one and ◯ for a case where there was no difference.
The equipment cost CT is an evaluation of the equipment cost for the steel cord manufacturing equipment, and is an evaluation in which the inferiority compared with the cord of the conventional example 3 is x and the one having no difference is ◯.
In Table 1, Conventional Example 1 is a steel cord having a closed twist structure of 1 × 4 × 0.27. The twist is stable, the elongation under a load of 5 kg and the handling workability are good, but the rubber material has entered. There is a problem with the characteristics, and therefore fretting wear is large.
Conventional Example 2 is an open twist of 130% with an average die forming ratio (cord diameter when twisted by providing a gap between the strands / cord diameter when twisted by closely contacting each strand x 100). A steel cord of × 4 × 0.27, which is excellent in rubber penetration and fatigue resistance, but has a large elongation at a load of 5 kg and is inferior in handling workability.
Conventional example 3 is the conventional example of FIG. 5, which is a 1 × 4 × 0.27 steel cord in which one of the four strands is provided with a small spiral, and the rubber penetration is generally good. However, the rubber does not enter the gap generated between the strands that are not spiraled, and the rubber penetration property as a whole is insufficient.
Conventional Example 4 is a steel cord of 1 × 4 × 0.27 in which two of the four strands are spirally shaped with a small habit, and the rubber material has an infiltration property of 100%. Since an apparatus for applying the habit is required separately, the equipment cost increases.
Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention are test examples of the present invention, which can satisfy rubber penetration, elongation at 5 kg load, fatigue resistance, fretting amount, handling workability and equipment cost. 4 is a cross-sectional view of cross sections (1) to (8) in FIG.
[0008]
[Effect]
The steel cord of the present invention does not leave a cavity inside the cord throughout the longitudinal direction of the cord, and the initial elongation of the cord at an extremely low load is small, and the rubber material is surely provided between the strands constituting the steel cord. To go to. As a result, a complete composite of the steel cord and the rubber material is obtained, the corrosion of the cord can be prevented, and the separate phenomenon between the rubber material and the cord can be prevented, thereby extending the fatigue life of the rubber product. In addition, even when repeated bending stress is applied, buckling does not occur and the amount of wear due to the fretting phenomenon is small, so that fatigue resistance is excellent. Furthermore, if the elongation of the cord under extremely low load is large, the reel will puncture when winding the steel cord around the reel, and the sheet will wave when forming the composite sheet, but this will be solved. It has excellent effects such as.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a steel cord of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the steel cord of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view of cross sections (1) to (8) in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art steel cord.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the wave height of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Steel cord 2, 3 ... Core element wire 4 ... Side element wire 5 which gave the substantially spiral shape .... Side element excessively type | molded rather than type | mold of core element wires 2, 3. Lines A, B, and C: Spiral unshaped strand S ... Gap L ... Common tangent line E of core strands 2 and 3 ... Rubber entrance E 1 , E 2 ... Rubber entry path

Claims (2)

同一線径の4本の素線を撚り合わせて構成され、そのうちの1本にスパイラル状のくせを施したスチールコードにおいて、
2本の芯素線をコードの中心において互いに撚り合わせ、これに他の2本の側素線を芯素線の撚りピッチと同一ピッチで同一方向に撚り合わせてあり、
2本の芯素線の中心を通る中心平面に対してその片側に2本の側素線を互いに点接触するように配置し、
2本の側素線のうちスパイラル状のくせが施されていない1本の素線に芯素線の波高さよりも大なる波高さを有する型付けを施したことを特徴とするゴム製品補強用スチールコード。
In a steel cord that is made by twisting four strands of the same wire diameter, one of which has a spiral bevel,
Two core strands are twisted together in the center of the cord, and the other two side strands are twisted in the same direction at the same pitch as the strand pitch of the core strands,
The two side strands are arranged so as to make point contact with each other on one side with respect to a central plane passing through the centers of the two core strands,
Steel for reinforcing rubber products, characterized in that one of the two side strands that has not been spirally shaped is subjected to a mold having a wave height greater than the wave height of the core strand. code.
上記スパイラル状のくせが施されている側素線の該くせを、素線径をdとするとき、くせピッチP=6d〜30d、くせ外径d=(d+2/100mm)〜(d+2/10mm)とし、芯素線の波高さを100とするとき、スパイラル状のくせが施されてない側素線の波高さを110〜150とした請求項1記載のゴム製品補強用スチールコード。When the strand of the above-described spiral-shaped side strand is d, the strand pitch P 1 = 6d to 30d, the strand outer diameter d 1 = (d + 2/100 mm) to (d + 2) The steel cord for reinforcing a rubber product according to claim 1, wherein the wave height of the side strands not provided with the spiral shape is 110 to 150 when the wave height of the core strand is 100.
JP04852497A 1997-02-18 1997-02-18 Steel cord for reinforcing rubber products Expired - Fee Related JP3634103B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04852497A JP3634103B2 (en) 1997-02-18 1997-02-18 Steel cord for reinforcing rubber products

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