JP3634007B2 - Side thruster device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a side thruster device used when performing a ship maneuvering operation (for example, a turning operation or a berthing operation on a narrow channel) that cannot be performed by a main propulsion device and a rudder.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this type of conventional side thruster device, a side thruster equipped with a propeller that is driven to rotate about a horizontal axis is projected by a rope hoisting device to a stand-by position for storing it in a thruster storage chamber established on the ship bottom and out of the thruster storage chamber. One configured to move up and down over the maneuverable position (hereinafter referred to as “first conventional device”), or one provided with a propeller in a laterally penetrating tunnel formed in the hull (hereinafter referred to as “second” Conventional devices ”) are well known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in these first and second conventional devices, since the rotation axis of the propeller is constant, that is, the direction of the side thruster is constant, the ship maneuvering form is limited, and a small ship requiring a complicated maneuvering form. It is difficult to apply to (for example, a fishing boat used for aquaculture work).
[0004]
Further, in the first conventional apparatus, the side thruster is moved up and down by the rope hoisting means, so that the guide mechanism for holding the lifting position of the side thruster constant and the position to select and hold at the maneuverable position are fixed. There is a problem that the locking means is required and the structure of the apparatus is complicated.
[0005]
Further, in the second conventional device, it is necessary to install the device outside the region where the circulating flow is generated so that the water flow ejected from the tunnel does not circulate around the bow or stern and is sucked and circulated in the tunnel. In other words, since it is necessary to install the device at a position separated from the bow or stern to some extent, there is a problem that the turning moment of the hull due to the jet flow from the tunnel becomes small and the turning ability is low.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and solves the above-described problems in the conventional apparatus, and can be sufficiently installed in a small vessel without limiting the installation location. It is an object of the present invention to provide a side thruster device that can perform a good maneuvering operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a standby position for storing a side thruster 4 provided with a propeller 4c rotated around a horizontal axis 4b by a motor 4a in a thruster storage chamber 8 provided at the bottom of the ship and a boat maneuvering projecting out of the thruster storage chamber 8. A pair of side thrusters 1 configured to be moved up and down over a possible position, and connecting a lower frame 9b and an upper frame 9a attached to the upper wall 8a of the thruster storage chamber 8 to each other and the frames 9b and 9a. The cylindrical support portion 9c provided at the center of the lower frame 9b is attached to the gland packing 11 with the apparatus frame 2 comprising the support columns 10 and 10 and the lower end portion to which the side thruster 4 is attached facing the thruster storage chamber 8. And a cylindrical thruster operating shaft 3 that is supported by the apparatus frame 2 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction and to be rotatable. An upper surface of the pinion gear 25 is inserted through the pinion gear 25 inserted and fixed above the operation shaft 3, a pair of cylindrical bodies 14 c and 14 c that are inserted in the support columns 10 and 10 so as to be movable up and down, and the slider operation shaft 3. Are formed on a pair of upper and lower slider plates 14a, 14b, both ends of which are fixed to the cylindrical bodies 14c, 14c. The thruster operating shaft is supported by the support columns 10, 10 so as to be movable up and down. 3, a slider 14 that supports the upper end of the slider 3 so as to be relatively rotatable and immovable in the axial direction, a female screw body 15 fixed between the upper and lower plates 14 a and 14 b of the slider 14, A screw shaft 1b rotatably supported on the device frame 2 in a state of being inserted so as to be relatively screwed in the direction, and the screw shaft 1b provided on the device frame 2 in forward and reverse directions. A thruster lifting means 5 consisting of a motor 17 for thereby moving a rack 26 which is horizontally movably supported on the slider 14 in a state of being meshed with the pinion gear 25 which is fixed to the thruster operation shaft 3, provided on the slider 14 thrusters The basic configuration of the present invention includes the thruster turning means 6 including a horizontally extendable and retractable cylinder 27 for moving the rack 26 forward and backward to rotate the operation shaft 3 over a predetermined angle.
[0008]
[Action]
By driving the screw shaft forward or backward, the operation shaft is raised and lowered, and the side thruster can be raised and lowered between the ship maneuverable position and the standby position. And it can drive by a side thruster by driving in the state where the side thruster was located in the maneuverable position. At this time, the direction of the side thruster can be changed by advancing and retracting the rack with the cylinder. Therefore, unlike the case where the direction of the side thruster is constant, the operation mode by the side thruster can be freely selected. Even when a complicated ship maneuvering form is required, such as in laver culture work, this can be dealt with sufficiently.
[0009]
In addition, by positioning the side thruster at the standby position and storing it in the thruster storage room at the bottom of the ship, the original maneuvering by the main propulsion unit and rudder can be carried out smoothly and satisfactorily without the presence of the side thruster interfering. Yes.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in FIGS.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the side thruster device 1 of this embodiment includes an apparatus frame 2, a thruster operating shaft 3, a side thruster 4, a thruster lifting / lowering means 5, and a thruster turning means 6. It is attached to the upper wall 8a of the thruster storage chamber 8 opened on the ship bottom 7a on the bow side of the small vessel 7 such as an aquaculture work boat. In the following description, for the sake of convenience, front and rear mean left and right in FIGS. 1 to 4, and left and right mean upper and lower in FIGS. 3 to 5 and 7, respectively.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the device frame 2 is made of metal and includes a disk-shaped upper and lower frames 9a and 9b and a pair of front and rear columns 10 and 10 that connect the frames 9a and 9b. The lower frame 9 b is fixed on the thruster storage chamber 8 by attaching it to the upper wall 8 a of the thruster storage chamber 8.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the thruster operating shaft 3 is a metal cylindrical shaft extending in the vertical direction, with the lower end facing the thruster storage chamber 8, and at the center of the lower frame 9b. The cylindrical support portion 9c provided is inserted and supported so as to be slidable in the vertical direction and rotatable. The staffin box formed on the inner peripheral surface of the support portion 9c is filled with a gland packing 11 made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material or the like, and seals between the thruster operating shaft 3 and the support portion 9c. Yes.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the side thruster 4 includes a hydraulic motor 4a attached to the lower end of the thruster operating shaft 3 and a propeller 4c attached to the drive shaft 4b. By moving up and down, a standby position stored in the thruster storage chamber 8 (solid line position shown in FIGS. 2 and 6) and a maneuverable position protruding downward from the thruster storage chamber 8 (chain line position in the figure). When the thruster operating shaft 3 is rotated in a state where the propeller 4c is lifted up and down and positioned at the maneuverable position, the propeller 4c is turned to the right turning position in which the ship 7 faces the starboard direction (see FIGS. 2 to 4 and FIG. And a left turn position (position shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 7B) facing the port direction, and is turned horizontally within a range of 180 °. Further, the hydraulic motor 4a is connected to a hydraulic pump device (see FIG. 5) via supply / discharge pipes 12a and 12b whose supply and discharge ports are inserted into the thruster operation shaft 3 and swivel joints 13a and 13b provided at the upper end of the thruster operation shaft 3. It is connected to a hydraulic circuit (not shown), and is driven forward and reverse and its rotational speed is controlled by driving and controlling the hydraulic pump device. The hydraulic pump device is installed at an appropriate place of the ship 7 and is driven by a drive source (for example, a drive source of the main propulsion unit 7c) that is necessarily provided in the ship 7. . Further, the thruster storage chamber 8 has a minimum size required to be able to be lifted and lowered between the standby position and the ship maneuvering position in a state where the side thruster 4 is positioned in the right turn position (FIGS. 2 and 2). 6). By the way, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, a rectifying plate 4d that covers the lower side of the propeller 4c is attached to the hydraulic motor 4a in a suspended manner, and the side thruster 4 is operated by the rectifying plate 4d. The rectification function is exhibited when the ship is operated at the possible position, and the lower surface opening of the thruster storage chamber 8 can be closed when the side thruster 4 is located at the standby position. The shape of the current plate 4d is arbitrary.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the thruster elevating means 5 includes a slider 14, a female screw body 15 provided on the slider 14, and a screw shaft that is fitted into the female screw body 15 so as to be relatively screwed in the vertical direction. 16 and a forward / reverse rotation motor 17 for driving the screw shaft 16 in the forward / reverse direction.
[0016]
2 to 6, the slider 14 includes a pair of upper and lower metal slider plates 14a and 14b, and a slider cylinder 14c, which is a pair of front and rear synthetic resin cylinders fixed between the plates 14a and 14b. 14c, and each thruster cylinder 14c is inserted into each column 10 and supported by the columns 10 and 10 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. In addition, the slider 14 has the cylindrical portions 14d and 14e formed on the slider plates 14a and 14b rotatably inserted into the upper end portion of the support shaft 3, and the pinion gear having both the cylindrical portions 14d and 14e fixed to the support shaft 3. The upper and lower surfaces of the thruster operating shaft 3 are supported so as to be relatively rotatable and immovable in the axial direction.
[0017]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the female screw body 15 has a cylindrical shape in which a female screw is formed on the inner peripheral portion, and is fixed between the slider plates 14 a and 14 b.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the screw shaft 16 is inserted into the female screw body 15 so as to be able to be screwed up and down, and the upper and lower end portions thereof are connected to the upper and lower frames 9a and 9b via bearings 18a and 18b. It is supported rotatably.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 6, the forward / reverse motor 17 is supported by a bracket 19 attached to the upper frame 9 a, and drives the screw shaft 16 forward and backward via appropriate rotational force transmission mechanisms 20 and 21. Yes. That is, the small-diameter spur gear 20 fitted to the drive shaft of the motor 17 and the large-diameter spur gear 21 fixed to the upper end portion of the screw shaft 16 are engaged with each other.
[0020]
According to the thruster raising / lowering means 5, when the screw shaft 16 is rotated forward and backward by the motor 17, the female screw body 15 is screwed up and down on the screw shaft 16, so that the thruster operating shaft 3 is interposed via the slider 14. Is moved up and down. That is, the thruster operating shaft 3 extends over the highest position (solid line position shown in FIGS. 2 and 6) where the side thruster 4 is positioned at the standby position and the lowest position (dashed line position) where the side thruster 4 is positioned at the maneuverable position. Is moved up and down. In addition, at the upper and lower ends of each support column 10, when the thruster operating shaft 3 is positioned at the highest position and the lowest position, a shock absorber made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene that abuts and locks the slider cylinder 14c. 22a and 22b are fitted. In addition, a proximity switch mechanism (not shown) is interposed between the apparatus frame 2 and the slider 14 so that the motor 17 is turned on when the thruster operating shaft 3 is located at the highest or lowest position. It is designed to stop automatically. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, an operation handle 23 can be detachably attached to the upper end portion of the screw shaft 16 so that the screw shaft 16 is artificially attached in an emergency such as a failure of the motor 17. It is devised so that it can be rotated.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the thruster turning means 6 includes a pinion gear 25 fitted to the upper end portion of the thruster operating shaft 3, a rack 26 meshed with the pinion gear 25, and a pair of racks 26 that move forward and backward. And hydraulic cylinders 27, 27.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the pinion gear 25 is fitted to the thruster operating shaft 3 in such a manner that the upper and lower surfaces are brought into contact with the support portions 14d and 14d of the slider plates 14a and 14b so as to be relatively rotatable.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the rack 26 is front and rear in a state of being engaged with the pinion gear 25 by a rotating body (bearing) 28 that is directly opposed to the pinion gear 25 and rotatably supported by the slider plates 14 a and 14 b. The thruster operating shaft 3 is rotated via the pinion gear 25 to move the side thruster 4 between the right turning position and the left turning position. It is made to turn horizontally in the range of 180 degrees between them.
[0024]
Both hydraulic cylinders 27, 27 are single-acting types in which piston portions 27 a, 27 a are connected to both ends of the rack 26, and are opposed to each other in the state where the pinion gear 25 and the rack 26 are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction. It is attached to the plates 14a and 14b. The hydraulic oil is alternately supplied to and discharged from the working pressure chambers 27b and 27b of both hydraulic cylinders 27 and 27. That is, both the hydraulic cylinders 27 and 27 are formed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder as a whole, and the hydraulic oil is supplied to and discharged from both the operating pressure chambers 27b and 27b, thereby moving the rack 26 forward and backward. It is like that. For example, when both piston portions 27a and 27a are brought to the foremost position, the side thruster 4 can be positioned at the right turn position (FIG. 4), and when both piston portions 27a and 27a are brought to the rearmost position, The thruster 4 can be positioned at the left turning position horizontally turned 180 ° from the right turning position (FIG. 5A), and when both piston portions 27a and 27a are brought to the middle position of the cylinder stroke, the side thruster 4 is moved. The propeller 4c can be positioned at an intermediate turning position (position shown in FIGS. 5B and 7C) facing the stern direction (FIG. 5B). Although not shown, the turning position of the side thruster 4 is accurately determined by a potentiometer that directly detects the rotation angle of the pinion gear 25 or indirectly detects the rotation angle of the detection gear meshing with the pinion gear 25. It is devised so that it can be detected and controlled. In addition, the size (number of gears, etc.) of the pinion gear 25 is such that when some turning force is applied to the side thruster 4 on the condition that the pinion gear 25 is smoothly rotated by the advance and retreat of the rack 26, the pinion gear 25 is moved from the pinion gear 25 to the rack 26. Is appropriately set within a range in which the rack 26 cannot be advanced or retracted even if the pinion gear 25 is rotated.
[0025]
According to the side thruster device 1 configured as described above, the motor 17 is driven to lower the side thruster 4 to the maneuverable position, and the cylinders 27 and 27 are operated to turn the side thruster 4 clockwise. After making a horizontal turn to an appropriate position over the position and the left turn position, the ship 7 can be freely operated in any direction by driving the propeller 4c forward or backward. For example, when the propeller 4c is driven forward or reverse in a state where the side thruster 4 is positioned at the right turn position or the left turn position, the ship 7 can be turned right or left (FIG. 7A). (See (B)). The turning angle of the ship 7 can be freely adjusted by changing the turning angle of the side thruster 4. Of course, the turning direction can be changed by either turning the side thruster 4 horizontally or changing the rotation direction of the propeller 4c. Further, when the propeller 4c is driven to rotate forward or reversely with the side thruster 4 positioned at the intermediate turning position, the ship 7 can be moved forward or backward (see FIG. 7C).
[0026]
Thus, since the direction of the side thruster 4 can be freely changed within a range of 180 °, the ship can be operated in all directions in combination with the forward and reverse driving of the propeller 4c. That is, the direction of the side thruster 4 can be changed over a range of substantially 360 °. Accordingly, it is possible to sufficiently cope with a case where a complicated and precise ship maneuvering is required, such as in laver culture work. In addition, the thruster raising / lowering means 5 and the thruster turning means 6 both have screw mechanisms 15 and 16 and rack racks in which reverse power transmission from the side thruster side parts 15 and 25 to the apparatus frame side parts 16 and 26 is not performed. Since it is composed of the pinion mechanisms 25 and 26, even if no special locking device or the like is provided, the ascending / descending position and the turning position of the side thruster 4 do not change unexpectedly at the time of maneuvering, and reliable maneuvering can be performed. .
[0027]
Further, when the ship 7 is navigated by the main propulsion device 7c, the side thruster 4 is raised to the storage position and stored in the thruster storage chamber 8, so that the side thruster 4 does not interfere with navigation. There is no possibility that the original marine vessel maneuvering performance by the main propulsion machine 7c and the rudder will be hindered. However, it is preferable to store the side thruster 4 in the thruster storage chamber 8 as described above when navigating at a high speed. However, when navigating at a low speed, the side thruster 4 may be positioned at a maneuverable position. Good.
[0028]
By the way, since the thruster turning means 6 includes pinion rack mechanisms 25 and 26 and cylinders 27 and 27 for moving the rack 26 back and forth in the horizontal direction, the installation space in the horizontal direction of the side thruster device 1 becomes considerably large. However, a small vessel such as a fishing boat has a very limited space in the vertical direction due to the hull structure, but the horizontal space is sufficiently large. Therefore, even if the installation space in the horizontal direction is increased by providing the thruster turning means 6, the installation location of the side thruster device 1 is not limited at all, and the ship maneuvering function by the side thruster 4 can be effectively exhibited by the device 1. It can be installed at the best possible location (usually near the bow or stern). In addition, the side thruster device 1 is configured as an integral structure in which the thruster operating shaft 3, the side thruster 4, the thruster lifting and lowering means 5 and the thruster turning means 6 are attached to the device frame 2, so that it can be easily attached to and detached from the hull. Therefore, maintenance management can be performed very easily. .
[0029]
The configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed and improved without departing from the basic principle of the present invention.
[0030]
For example, an electric motor can be used as the rotational drive means of the side thruster 4 instead of the hydraulic motor 4a. In this case, the power supply wiring passes through the thruster operating shaft 3. Moreover, it is preferable to use the power supply inevitably provided in the said ship 7 as a power supply of an electric motor, without being exceptional.
[0031]
Further, as the advancing / retreating drive means of the rack 26, one pair of single acting hydraulic cylinders may be used instead of the pair of single acting hydraulic cylinders 27, 27. In this case, the horizontal installation space of the device 1 is increased, but there is no particular adverse effect in installing the device 1 not only in a large vessel but also in a small vessel. However, in the case of a ship, even if it is small, space is limited in the vertical direction, but sufficient space can be secured in the horizontal direction.
[0032]
Moreover, in the said Example, although the turning range of the side thruster 4 was 180 degrees, it can set arbitrarily as needed. For example, when the propeller 4c can be rotated forward and backward, the same boat maneuvering as in the above embodiment can be performed even if the turning range is 90 °. Further, as described above, since the size of the thruster turning means 5 in the horizontal direction can be increased due to the installation space of the ship, the rack 26 is made longer and the turning angle of the operation shaft 3, that is, the side thruster 4 is maximized. It is also possible to expand to 360 °. In such a case, even if the rotational drive means of the side thruster 4 is constituted by a motor driven only in one direction without using the forward / reverse motor 4a, the boat maneuvering form by the side thruster 4 is the same as in the above embodiment. And can. Of course, it is also effective to use a motor 4a that can rotate forward and backward regardless of the turning angle of the side thruster 4 by the thruster turning means 6.
[0033]
Moreover, in the said Example, although the side thruster apparatus 1 was provided only in the bow side, the arrangement location and the number of arrangement are arbitrary. For example, the pair of side thrusters 1 and 1 may be provided on the bow side and the stern side.
[0034]
Moreover, the structure of the apparatus frame 2 and the slider 14 is also arbitrary. For example, a guide rail may be provided on the apparatus frame 2 so that the slider 14 is guided by the guide rail so as to be slidable up and down via a roller or the like.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the side thruster of the present invention is configured such that the side thruster can be raised and lowered and horizontally swiveled, so that a complicated and precise ship maneuvering operation can be performed satisfactorily. In addition, since the entire apparatus is configured in a simple and compact integrated structure, it can be easily installed on a small vessel having a small installation space without being limited in installation location. Therefore, it can be suitably used for a small ship that requires delicate maneuvering such as aquaculture work, and its practical value is extremely large.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an example of a ship equipped with a side thruster according to the present invention.
2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
4 is a transverse sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 and showing a state different from FIG.
6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state of maneuvering by the side thruster device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Side thruster apparatus, 2 ... Apparatus frame, 3 ... Thruster operating shaft, 4 ... Side thruster, 4c ... Propeller, 7a ... Ship bottom, 8 ... Thruster storage chamber, 14 ... Slider, 15 ... Female screw body, 16 ... Screw shaft , 17 ... motor, 25 ... pinion gear, 26 ... rack, 27 ... cylinder.

Claims (1)

A side thruster equipped with a propeller that is driven to rotate by a motor around a horizontal axis is configured to move up and down between a standby position for storing it in a thruster storage chamber established on the ship bottom and a maneuverable position that protrudes outside the thruster storage chamber. A side thruster device comprising a lower frame attached to the upper wall of the thruster storage chamber, a device frame comprising a pair of struts connecting the upper frame and both frames, and a lower end portion to which the side thruster is attached in the thruster storage chamber. The cylindrical thruster operation that is supported by the device frame so as to be slidable up and down and rotatable by inserting a cylindrical support portion provided at the center of the lower frame through a gland packing in a state of being exposed. Shaft, pinion gear inserted and fixed to the upper part of the thruster operating shaft, and a pair of circles inserted in both columns so as to be movable up and down And a pair of upper and lower slider plates which are disposed on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the pinion gear 25 with the slider operation shaft inserted therethrough, and which have both ends fixed to the cylindrical body 14c, 1. A slider which is supported freely and supports the upper end of the thruster operating shaft relatively rotatably and immovably in the axial direction, a female screw body fixed between the upper and lower plates of the slider, and the female screw body A thruster lifting and lowering means comprising: a screw shaft rotatably supported by the device frame in a state of being relatively screwed up and down in the vertical direction; and a motor provided on the device frame and driving the screw shaft in the forward and reverse directions. the Tokoro a rack which is horizontally movably supported on the slider in a state of being meshed with the pinion gear fixed to the thruster operation shaft, a thruster operating shaft is provided on the slider Side thrusters apparatus characterized by comprising a thruster pivot means comprising a horizontal telescopic cylinder for advancing and retracting operation of the rack to rotate over the corner, the.

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