JP3632640B2 - Roll outer layer material for hot rolling and composite roll for hot rolling - Google Patents

Roll outer layer material for hot rolling and composite roll for hot rolling Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3632640B2
JP3632640B2 JP2001264747A JP2001264747A JP3632640B2 JP 3632640 B2 JP3632640 B2 JP 3632640B2 JP 2001264747 A JP2001264747 A JP 2001264747A JP 2001264747 A JP2001264747 A JP 2001264747A JP 3632640 B2 JP3632640 B2 JP 3632640B2
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roll
outer layer
hot rolling
seizure
graphite
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JP2003073767A (en
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健司 市野
高明 豊岡
智史 小関
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/02Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/16Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱間圧延用複合ロールに係り、とくに鋼板の熱間圧延仕上後段スタンドに好適な熱間圧延用複合ロールに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、鋼板や鋼管の熱間圧延技術の進歩はめざましく、それに伴い、使用される熱間圧延ロールの特性、とくに耐摩耗性の向上が強く要求されてきた。このような耐摩耗性向上の要求に対し、外層組成を高速度工具鋼組成に類似した組成とし、硬質な炭化物を析出させて、耐摩耗性を格段に向上させた高性能ロール(ハイス系ロール)が開発され実用化されている。
【0003】
一方、被圧延材の焼付きが生じやすい圧延スタンドやミルには、黒鉛を含有するグレン鋳鉄ロールが組み込まれて熱間圧延が行われてきた。熱間圧延ロールに黒鉛を含有させることは、黒鉛が潤滑性に富むことから焼付き防止には有効であるが、しかし、黒鉛がロールの摩耗や肌荒れを助長する傾向を有しているため、従来のグレン鋳鉄ロールでは、耐摩耗性および耐肌荒れ性が要求されるレベルに対し十分とはいえず問題を残していた。
【0004】
このような問題に対し、例えば、特開平1−287248 号公報には、Niグレン鋳鉄に1.0 〜5.0 %のVと、2.0 〜10.0%のMoを添加し、耐摩耗性を向上させるとした熱間圧延用ロールが提案されている。また、特開平6−335712 号公報には、Niグレン鋳鉄に2.0 〜8.0 %のVを添加し、0.5 〜5%の黒鉛に加えて0.2 〜10%のMC型炭化物を出現させて耐摩耗性を向上させるとした熱間圧延用ロールが提案されている。
【0005】
しかし、最近では、圧延製品の品質向上と効率的生産の観点から、圧延速度の増加、連続圧延量の増加等、熱間圧延用ロールの使用環境はますます過酷化し、同時に、被圧延材の高合金化など生産される圧延製品の品種が多様化するに伴い、熱間圧延作業ロールに対する要求もさらに高く、しかも多様化している。特開平1−287248 号公報、特開平6−335712号公報に記載された技術によっても、耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性を両立させることは困難となっている。
【0006】
またさらに、鋼板の熱間圧延においては、圧延用作業ロールとして、グレン鋳鉄ロールとロールクラウンが異なるハイス系ロールの導入により、大きな絞り圧延事故の発生頻度が増加しており、特に仕上げ後段スタンドでは耐事故性の観点から、耐摩耗性に劣るものの耐焼付き性に優れたグレン鋳鉄ロールを使用せざるをえない状況にある。さらに、鋼板の表面品質への要求が厳しくなり、特開平1−287248 号公報、特開平6−335712号公報に記載された技術で利用されているような、V添加に起因する炭化物偏析が問題視されるようになってきている。また、Vを添加したのみでは、オーステナイト(デンドライト)と共晶する形で、コロニー状の粗大なMC炭化物が晶出し、結晶粒を粗大化することによってロールの肌荒れや摩耗を促進するという問題があった。一方、鋼管圧延においても圧延鋼種の高合金化が進んでおり、圧延用ロールへの焼付き防止と耐摩耗性向上のニーズが増大している。
【0007】
【発明の解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記した従来技術の問題を有利に解決し、耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性がともに優れた、熱間圧延用外層材および熱間圧延用複合ロールを提案することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記した課題を達成するために、耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性を同時に向上させるために、熱間圧延用ロールの外層組成について鋭意検討した。その結果、1〜 3.5%のVを含有せしめ、さらに特定量のNbを添加するとMC型炭化物が微細粒状となり結晶粒の粗大化が抑制されて、炭化物偏析が防止され、耐摩耗と耐肌荒れ性が向上することを見い出した。さらに、NbとVを含有したうえで、さらにBとAlを共存させて含有することにより、耐摩耗性と耐焼付き性がともに顕著に向上することを新規に見いだした。またさらに、Cr/Cが1以下となるようにCr含有量とC含有量を調整することにより、焼付きが発生しがたい低Cr炭化物量が増加し耐焼付き性がさらに向上することを見いだした。
【0009】
まず、本発明者らが行った本発明の基礎となったAlとBの複合添加に関する実験結果を説明する。
質量%で、3.3 %C−1.2 %Si−0.5 %Mn−4.7 %Ni−2.0 %Cr−0.9 %Mo−1.5 %V−0.3 %Nbをベース成分として、Al:0〜0.07%、B:0〜0.14%の範囲に変化した溶湯を溶製し、遠心鋳造法によりロール外層材に相当するリング状試験材とした。これらリング状試験材から試験片を採取し、焼付き試験、摩耗試験を実施した。
【0010】
なお、焼付き試験は、図2に示すように、高周波加熱コイルにより850 ℃に加熱され、50rpm で回転する円板状の相手材(材質:STBA23、大きさ:190mm φ)を25mm厚の板状の試験片に100kg で10s間圧接し、図3に示すように、圧接中の相手材のトルク変動から焼付き時間を測定し、この焼付き時間を耐焼付き性の指標とした。なお、焼付き時間が零あるいは2s以下と短い場合を耐焼付き性に優れると評価した。また、摩耗試験は、相手材(材質:S45C, 大きさ:190mm φ)と試験片(大きさ:60mmφ)の2円盤すべり摩耗方式で実施した。試験片を回転数 700rpm で回転させながら、相手材を720 ℃に加熱し、試験片を水冷し、試験片と相手材のすべり率を10%として、荷重 100kgで圧接しながら120min間転動させた。試験後、試験片の摩耗減量を測定した。耐摩耗性は、Al,B無添加材 (基準片)の摩耗量を基準値とし、基準値に対する各試験片の摩耗量の比、摩耗比(=(各試験片の摩耗量)/(基準片の摩耗量))で評価した。
【0011】
得られた結果を図1に示す。図1から、Alと共存させてBを0.02〜0.10%含有すると、耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性が同時に顕著に向上することがわかる。
本発明は、上記した知見に基づいてさらに検討を加えて構成されたものである。
すなわち、本発明は、熱間圧延用複合ロールの外層に用いられる外層材であって、質量%で、C:2.5 〜4.0 %、Si:0.8 〜2.5 %、Mn:0.2 〜1.5 %、Cr:1.0 〜3.5 %、Mo: 0.5 〜4.0 %、Ni:3.0 〜7.0 %、V:1.0 〜3.5 %、Nb:0.2 〜1.0 %、Al:0.02〜0.2 %、B:0.020 〜0.10%を含み、かつCr/Cが1以下を満足し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成と、黒鉛を面積率で0.6 〜4%含有する組織を有することを特徴とする耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性に優れた熱間圧延用ロール外層材であり、また,本発明では、前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、REM :0.10%以下、Ca:0.01%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有することが好ましい。
【0012】
また、本発明は、外層と内層が溶着一体化してなる熱間圧延用複合ロールであって、前記外層が、質量%で、C:2.5 〜4.0 %、Si:0.8 〜2.5 %、Mn:0.2 〜1.5 %、Cr:1.0 〜3.5 %、Mo: 0.5 〜4.0 %、Ni:3.0 〜7.0 %、V:1.0 〜3.5 %、Nb:0.2 〜1.0 %、Al:0.02〜0.2 %、B:0.020 〜0.10%を含み、かつCr/Cが1以下を満足し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成と、黒鉛を面積率で 0.6〜4%含有する組織を有することを特徴とする耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性に優れた熱間圧延用複合ロールであり、また、本発明では、前記外層の組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、REM :0.10%以下、Ca:0.01%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有することが好ましい。また、本発明では、前記内層を球状黒鉛鋳鉄、いも虫状黒鉛鋳鉄あるいは、黒鉛鋼などの、強靱でかつ鋳造性の良い材料で構成することが好ましい。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
まず、本発明の熱間圧延用複合ロールの外層(外層材)の組成限定理由について説明する。なお、組成における%は質量%である。
C:2.5 〜4.0 %
Cは、V,Nb,Cr,Moと結合して、ロールの耐摩耗性を向上するための硬質炭化物形成に必須な元素であるとともに、耐焼付き性を向上させる黒鉛を晶出させる必須の元素であり、本発明では 2.5%以上の含有を必要とする。一方、4.0 %を超えて含有すると脆弱な炭化物が多量に出現し、耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、Cは 2.5〜 4.0%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは、2.8 〜3.7 %である。
【0014】
Si:0.8 〜2.5 %
Siは、脱酸剤として作用するとともに、Cの活量を低減し黒鉛を晶出させやすくする元素であり、本発明では0.8 %以上の含有を必要とする。一方、2.5 %を超えて含有しても、上記した効果は飽和するうえ、かえって耐摩耗性が低下し、含有量に見合う効果を期待できず、経済的に不利となる。このようなことから、Siは0.8 〜2.5 %に限定した。なお、好ましくは1〜 1.8%である。
【0015】
Mn: 0.2〜 1.5%
Mnは、溶鋼中のSをMnS として固定し、耐摩耗性を阻害するSを除去するために有用である。また、焼入れ性を向上し硬さを増加させるという効果もある。このような効果を得るためには、0.2 %以上の含有が必要である。しかし、1.5 %を超えて含有すると凝固界面に偏析し材料を脆化させる。このため、Mnは 0.2〜 1.5%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは0.2 〜1.0 %である。
【0016】
Cr:1〜3.5 %
Crは、硬質な共晶炭化物を生成し、Moとともに含有して耐摩耗性を向上させる元素であり、本発明では1%以上の含有を必要とする。一方、3.5 %を超えて含有すると、黒鉛の晶出が抑制され耐焼付き性が低下する。このため、Crは1〜3.5 %に限定した。
【0017】
Mo: 0.5 〜4.0 %
Moは、黒鉛の晶出を阻害することなく、耐摩耗性向上に有効な炭化物を生成する元素である。V,Nbと複合して含有されると、より強靭で硬質な炭化物であるMC炭化物を生成し、顕著に耐摩耗性を向上する効果を有する。このような効果を得るためには0.5 %以上の含有を必要とする。一方、4.0 %を超えて含有すると、Mo主体の脆弱な炭化物を多量に形成して耐摩耗性が顕著に低下する。このため、Moは0.5 〜4.0 %に限定した。なお、好ましくは 0.6〜3%である。
【0018】
Ni:3.0 〜7.0 %
Niは、焼入れ性を向上し、材料の硬さを増加させて耐摩耗性を向上させる効果を有する。また、黒鉛の晶出を促進させる効果も有する。このような効果は3.0 %以上の含有で認められるが、7.0 %を超えて含有すると、オーステナイトを著しく安定化し、残留オーステナイト量が増加し耐焼付き性を低下させる。このため、Niは3.0 〜7.0 %の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは4.0 〜6.0 %である。
【0019】
V:1.0 〜3.5 %
Vは、硬質なMC型炭化物を形成し、耐摩耗性を向上させる効果を有する。一定レベル以上の耐摩耗性を得るために、本発明では、1.0 %以上の含有を必要とする。一方、3.5 %を超える含有は、耐焼付き性を劣化させるとともに、炭化物の凝固偏析を促進し、ロール表面品質を低下させる。このため、Vは1.0 〜3.5 %の範囲に限定した。
【0020】
Nb:0.2 〜1.0 %
Nbは、V,Moと複合して含有することにより、硬質なMC型炭化物を強化せしめ、さらに粒状に分散させる極めて重要な作用を持ち、炭化物偏析を抑制すると共に、耐摩耗性を顕著に向上させる。前記効果を得るためには、0.2 %以上の含有を必要とするが、1.0 %を超えて含有すると、MC型炭化物が粗大化して凝固偏析が発生するようになり、ロール表面品質を低下させる。このため、Nbは 0.2〜1.0 %の範囲に限定した。
【0021】
Al:0.02〜0.20%
Alは、黒鉛化を強く促進し、かつ、黒鉛形状を改良して耐焼付き性を向上させる作用を有する元素であり、本発明では一定レベル以上の耐焼付き性を確保するために0.02%以上の含有を必要とする。一方、0.2 %を超えて含有すると、耐摩耗性に不利な粗大片状の黒鉛が過剰に晶出し耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、Alは0.02〜0.20%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは0.03〜0.15%である。
【0022】
B:0.020 〜0.10%
Bは、黒鉛を微細化、塊状化する作用を有するとともに、さらにAlによる過剰な黒鉛の晶出を抑制する作用、および耐摩耗性を低下させることなく耐焼付き性を向上させる作用を有する。このような作用はAl共存下で0.020 %以上の含有で認められるが、0.10%を超えて含有すると、炭化物が脆弱化し,耐摩耗性が低下するとともに、黒鉛量も低下する。このため、Bは0.020 〜0.10%の範囲に限定した。
【0023】
Cr/C:1以下
Cr含有量がC含有量を超える、すなわちCr/Cが1を超えると、基地中および炭化物中のCr濃度が増加して、焼付きが発生しやすくなり、また、黒鉛量も減少する。Cr/Cが1以下であれば、比較的Cr濃化の少ない炭化物が生成し、黒鉛量も維持でき、耐焼付き性の低下を抑制できる。このため、Cr/Cを1以下に限定した。なお、好ましくは、Cr/C:0.85以下である。
【0024】
さらに、本発明では、下記の範囲内であれば、REM 、Bのうちの1種または2種を含有してもよい。
REM :0.1%以下
REM は、黒鉛を球状化するとともに微細分散させ、黒鉛の切欠き効果を減少させて耐摩耗性を一層向上させる作用を有しており、必要に応じ含有することが好ましい。このような効果は、0.005 %以上の含有で認められるようになるが、0.1 %を超える含有は黒鉛量が減少し、耐焼付き性を劣化させる。このため、REM は0.1 %以下に限定することがよい。なお、黒鉛球状化の観点からはREM 中の30質量%以上をCeとすることがより好ましい。
【0025】
Ca:0.01%以下
Caも、黒鉛を球状化し、黒鉛の切欠き効果を減少させて耐摩耗性を一層向上させる作用を有している。このような効果は、0.0005%以上の含有で認められるようになるが、0.01%を超える含有は黒鉛量が減少し、耐焼付き性を劣化させる。このため、Caは0.01%以下に限定することが好ましい。
【0026】
上記した成分以外の残部は、Feおよび不可避的不純物である。不可避的不純物として、P:0.1 %以下、S:0.05%以下とするのが好適である。
また、本発明の外層材では、上記した組成に加えて、面積率で 0.6〜4%の黒鉛を含有する組織を有する。黒鉛量が 0.6%未満では、潤滑作用が低下し耐焼付き性が低下する。一方、4%を超えると、耐摩耗性および耐肌荒れ性が低下する。このため、黒鉛含有量は上記範囲に限定した。
【0027】
本発明では、外層材の製造方法は特に限定されないが、上記した組成の溶湯を、遠心鋳造法で所定の寸法形状の外層材とすることが好ましい。そして、外層材の凝固途中あるいは完全凝固後に、鋳型の回転を停止し内層材を静置鋳造して、複合ロールとすることが好ましい。これにより外層材の内面側が再溶解され外層と内層が溶着一体化した、複合ロールとなる。
【0028】
静置鋳造される内層は、鋳造性と機械的性質に優れた球状黒鉛鋳鉄やいも虫状黒鉛鋳鉄あるいは黒鉛鋼などを用いるのが好ましい。また、外層と内層の間に、黒鉛鋼や高炭素鋼からなる中間層を設けてもよい。遠心鋳造法でロールを製造する場合、中間層は、外層の遠心鋳造に引きつづいて、遠心鋳造すれば良い。
なお、以上の説明は、主として、鋼板の熱間圧延用ロールを対象に説明してきたが、本発明は、鋼板の熱間圧延用複合ロールに限定されることはなく、カリバー付き鋼管圧延用複合ロールに適用しても何ら問題はないことはいうまでもない。なお、鋼管圧延用のスリーブ式ロールを製造する場合は、外層を遠心鋳造後、球状黒鉛鋳鉄や、黒製鋼、高炭素鋼を内層材として、遠心鋳造すればよい。
【0029】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
表1に示す組成を有する溶湯を溶製し、ロール外層材に相当するリング状試験材(外径:250mm φ、肉厚:60mm)を遠心鋳造により作製した。なお、鋳込み温度は1320℃、遠心力は、重力倍数で 160Gとした。鋳造後、試験材に420 〜500 ℃の温度で焼戻し処理を施した。焼戻し後の硬さは、Hs78〜83であった。なお、リング材Eは従来材であるNiグレン鋳鉄製のリング材である。
【0030】
これら試験材から試験片を採取し、組織観察、摩耗試験、および焼付き試験を行った。
(1)組織観察
リング状試験材から組織観察用試験片を採取し、リング状試験材断面について、硝酸水溶液で腐食して、試験材断面について、マクロ組織を観察し、炭化物の偏析状況を調査した。偏析模様が観察される場合を偏析あり、その他の場合を偏析なしとした。また、試験片断面について、研磨後、光学顕微鏡により観察し、画像解析装置により黒鉛の面積率を測定した。
(2)摩耗試験
リング状試験材から試験片(大きさ:60mmφ)を採取し、相手材(材質:S45C, 大きさ:190mm φ)と試験片の2円盤すべり摩耗方式で摩耗試験を実施した。試験片を回転数 700rpm で回転させながら、相手材を720 ℃に加熱し、試験片を水冷し、試験片と相手材のすべり率を10%として、荷重 100kgで圧接しながら120min間転動させた。試験後、試験片の摩耗減量を測定した。耐摩耗性は、Al,B無添加材 (リング材No. A; )の摩耗量を基準値とし、基準値に対する各試験片の摩耗量の比、摩耗比(=(各試験片の摩耗量)/(基準片の摩耗量))で評価した。
(3)焼付き試験
リング状試験材から試験片(25mm厚の板状)を採取し焼付き試験を実施した。図2に示すように、高周波加熱コイルにより850 ℃に加熱され、50rpm で回転する円板状の相手材(材質:STBA23、大きさ:190mm φ)を板状の試験片に100kg で10s間圧接し、図3に示すように、圧接中の相手材のトルク変動から焼付き時間を測定し、この焼付き時間を耐焼付き性の指標とした。なお、焼付き時間が零あるいは2s以下と短い場合を耐焼付き性に優れると評価した。
【0031】
得られた結果を表2に示す。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0003632640
【0033】
【表2】
Figure 0003632640
【0034】
本発明例はいずれも、耐摩耗性と耐焼付き性がともに優れたロール外層材となっている。一方、本発明の範囲から外れる比較例は、耐焼付き性、あるいは耐摩耗性のいずれかあるいは両方が低下している。Al, Bを含有しない比較例(リング材No. A)では耐摩耗性は優れているが、耐焼付き性が低下している。また、Cr/Cが1を超え、NbとBを含有せず、本発明範囲を外れるAlを含有する比較例(リング材No. B)では、耐摩耗性の劣化に加えて耐焼付き性の著しい低下が認められ、また、炭化物の偏析も観察された。Nb、AlとBを含有せず、さらに本発明範囲を外れるVを含有する比較例(リング材No. C)では、耐焼付き性の著しい低下に加えて耐摩耗性の劣化、炭化物の偏析が認められた。Cr/Cが1を超え、さらに本発明範囲を外れるNbを含有する比較例(リング材No. D)では、耐焼付き性の著しい低下に加えて、炭化物の著しい偏析が認められた。また、従来材であるリング材No. Eは、耐焼付き性にすぐれているが、耐摩耗性が著しく劣化している。
(実施例2)
製品胴径 685mm、胴長2380mmの複合ロールを以下の手順で製造した。
【0035】
遠心力 140Gで回転する鋳型内に、外層として肉厚 120mmになるように、外層材溶湯を鋳込んだ。外層が凝固した後に鋳型の回転を停止し、鋳型を立てて内層材(球状黒鉛鋳鉄)を鋳造することで、外層−内層を一体溶着させ、外層の表面温度が80℃以下になるまで冷却した後、鋳型を解体し、外層−内層からなる複合ロールとした。
【0036】
得られた複合ロールは、420 〜 500℃に加熱したのち徐冷する熱処理(焼戻し処理)を実施し、外層の硬さを79〜83Hsとした。
熱処理後、ロール胴端部から外層の化学組成分析用試験材、組織観察用試験片を採取した。なお、内層についてはロール軸端の中心部から化学組成分析用試料を採取した。各複合ロールの外層、内層の化学組成を表3に示す。
【0037】
【表3】
Figure 0003632640
【0038】
得られた複合ロールを、熱間仕上圧延ミルのF7スタンドの作業ロールとして投入し、中炭素鋼10本の試験圧延を実施した。なお、その中の1本で絞り圧延を再現し、焼付き状況を比較した。
本発明例(ロールNo.1)は、従来ロールであるグレン鋳鉄ロールの 1.5倍以上の極めて良好な耐摩耗性を有し、耐肌荒れ性に優れることが確認され、また、絞り圧延においても焼付きは発生しなかった。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、鋼板の熱間圧延の後段圧延スタンド用ロールとして、耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性を兼備した複合ロールが安価に製造でき、産業上格段の効果を奏する。また、本発明の複合ロールは、優れた耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性が要求される鋼管圧延用ロールとしても適用できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】耐摩耗性,耐焼付き性におよぼすAl、Bの影響を示すグラフである。
【図2】焼付き試験の概要を示す概略説明図である。
【図3】焼付き時間の定義をしめす説明図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composite roll for hot rolling, and more particularly to a composite roll for hot rolling suitable for a post-stand of a steel sheet after hot rolling.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the progress of hot rolling technology for steel plates and steel pipes has been remarkable, and accordingly, there has been a strong demand for improvement in characteristics of the hot rolling rolls used, particularly wear resistance. In response to this demand for improved wear resistance, the outer layer composition is similar to that of the high-speed tool steel composition, and hard carbides are precipitated to improve the wear resistance significantly (high-speed roll) ) Has been developed and put to practical use.
[0003]
On the other hand, a Glenn cast iron roll containing graphite has been incorporated into rolling stands and mills where the material to be rolled is likely to be seized, and has been hot rolled. Inclusion of graphite in the hot rolling roll is effective in preventing seizure because graphite is rich in lubricity, but because graphite has a tendency to promote roll wear and rough skin, Conventional Glen cast iron rolls have been problematic because they are not sufficient for the required levels of wear resistance and rough skin resistance.
[0004]
In response to such a problem, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-287248 discloses that 1.0 to 5.0% of V and 2.0 to 10.0% of Mo are added to Ni-glen cast iron, and A roll for hot rolling intended to improve wearability has been proposed. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-335712 discloses that 2.0 to 8.0% V is added to Ni grain cast iron, and 0.2 to 10% MC type in addition to 0.5 to 5% graphite. There has been proposed a roll for hot rolling in which carbides appear to improve wear resistance.
[0005]
However, recently, from the viewpoint of improving the quality of rolled products and efficient production, the usage environment of hot rolling rolls has become increasingly severe, such as increasing the rolling speed and increasing the amount of continuous rolling. As the types of rolled products produced such as high alloying are diversified, the demand for hot rolling work rolls is higher and more diversified. Even with the techniques described in JP-A-1-287248 and JP-A-6-335712, it is difficult to achieve both seizure resistance and wear resistance.
[0006]
Furthermore, in hot rolling of steel sheets, the occurrence of large drawing rolling accidents has increased as a work roll for rolling due to the introduction of a high-speed roll having a different roll crown from the Glen cast iron roll. From the viewpoint of accident resistance, it is inevitable to use a glen cast iron roll that is inferior in wear resistance but excellent in seizure resistance. Further, the demand for the surface quality of the steel sheet becomes severe, and the segregation of carbides caused by the addition of V as used in the techniques described in JP-A-1-287248 and JP-A-6-335712 is a problem. It is getting seen. In addition, when V is added alone, colony-like coarse MC carbides crystallize in a form co-crystallized with austenite (dendrites), and the coarsening of the crystal grains promotes rough skin and wear of the roll. there were. On the other hand, in steel pipe rolling, the alloying of rolled steel is progressing, and the need for preventing seizure on rolling rolls and improving wear resistance is increasing.
[0007]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
The object of the present invention is to advantageously solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and propose an outer layer material for hot rolling and a composite roll for hot rolling, which are excellent in both seizure resistance and wear resistance.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described problems, the present inventors diligently studied the outer layer composition of a hot rolling roll in order to improve seizure resistance and wear resistance at the same time. As a result, when 1 to 3.5% of V is contained and further a specific amount of Nb is added, MC type carbides become fine particles, and coarsening of crystal grains is suppressed, carbide segregation is prevented, and wear resistance and wear resistance are reduced. It was found that the rough skin improves. Furthermore, it has been newly found that by containing Nb and V and further containing B and Al together, both wear resistance and seizure resistance are remarkably improved. Furthermore, by adjusting the Cr content and the C content so that Cr / C is 1 or less, the amount of low Cr carbide that hardly causes seizure increases and the seizure resistance is further improved. It was.
[0009]
First, experimental results regarding the combined addition of Al and B, which are the basis of the present invention, conducted by the present inventors will be described.
In mass%, 3.3% C-1.2% Si-0.5% Mn-4.7% Ni-2.0% Cr-0.9% Mo-1.5% V-0.3% Using Nb as a base component, melted molten metal in the range of Al: 0 to 0.07% and B: 0 to 0.14%, and made a ring-shaped test material corresponding to a roll outer layer material by centrifugal casting. . Test pieces were collected from these ring-shaped test materials and subjected to seizure tests and wear tests.
[0010]
In the seizure test, as shown in FIG. 2, a disk-shaped mating material (material: STBA23, size: 190 mmφ) heated to 850 ° C. by a high-frequency heating coil and rotated at 50 rpm is a 25 mm thick plate. As shown in FIG. 3, the seizure time was measured from the torque fluctuation of the mating material during the pressure welding, and this seizure time was used as an index of seizure resistance. In addition, when the seizure time was zero or as short as 2 s or less, it was evaluated that the seizure resistance was excellent. In addition, the wear test was performed by a two-disk sliding wear method of a mating material (material: S45C, size: 190 mmφ) and a test piece (size: 60 mmφ). While rotating the test piece at a rotation speed of 700 rpm, the mating member is heated to 720 ° C., the test piece is cooled with water, the sliding rate between the test piece and the mating material is 10%, and the sample is rolled for 120 min while being pressed with a load of 100 kg. It was. After the test, the wear loss of the test piece was measured. The wear resistance is based on the wear amount of the Al and B additive-free material (reference piece), and the ratio of the wear amount of each test piece to the reference value, the wear ratio (= (wear amount of each test piece) / (standard The amount of wear of the piece)) was evaluated.
[0011]
The obtained results are shown in FIG. From FIG. 1, it can be seen that when B is contained in an amount of 0.02 to 0.10% in the presence of Al, the seizure resistance and the wear resistance are significantly improved at the same time.
The present invention is configured by further study based on the above-described findings.
That is, this invention is an outer layer material used for the outer layer of the composite roll for hot rolling, Comprising: By mass%, C: 2.5-4.0%, Si: 0.8-2.5%, Mn : 0.2 to 1.5%, Cr: 1.0 to 3.5%, Mo: 0.5 to 4.0%, Ni: 3.0 to 7.0%, V: 1.0 to 3 0.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1.0%, Al: 0.02 to 0.2%, B: 0.020 to 0.10%, and Cr / C satisfies 1 or less, A roll outer layer material for hot rolling excellent in seizure resistance and wear resistance characterized by having a composition comprising the balance Fe and inevitable impurities and a structure containing graphite in an area ratio of 0.6 to 4%. In addition, in the present invention, in addition to the above composition, in addition to mass, one or two selected from REM: 0.10% or less, Ca: 0.01% or less Preferably contains a.
[0012]
Further, the present invention is a composite roll for hot rolling in which an outer layer and an inner layer are welded and integrated, and the outer layer is in mass%, C: 2.5 to 4.0%, Si: 0.8 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.2 to 1.5%, Cr: 1.0 to 3.5%, Mo: 0.5 to 4.0%, Ni: 3.0 to 7.0%, V : 1.0-3.5%, Nb: 0.2-1.0%, Al: 0.02-0.2%, B: 0.020-0.10%, and Cr / C is 1 or less, a composition comprising the balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and a structure containing graphite in an area ratio of 0.6 to 4%, which is excellent in seizure resistance and wear resistance In addition to the composition of the outer layer, in the present invention, in addition to the composition of the outer layer, it is further selected by mass from REM: 0.10% or less, Ca: 0.01% or less. Preferably contains one or two or that. In the present invention, the inner layer is preferably composed of a tough and good castability material such as spheroidal graphite cast iron, worm-like graphite cast iron, or graphite steel.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, the reason for limiting the composition of the outer layer (outer layer material) of the composite roll for hot rolling of the present invention will be described. In addition,% in a composition is the mass%.
C: 2.5 to 4.0%
C is an essential element for forming hard carbide for improving the wear resistance of the roll by combining with V, Nb, Cr, and Mo, and an essential element for crystallizing graphite for improving seizure resistance. In the present invention, the content of 2.5% or more is required. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 4.0%, a large amount of brittle carbides appear and wear resistance decreases. For this reason, C was limited to the range of 2.5-4.0%. In addition, Preferably, it is 2.8 to 3.7%.
[0014]
Si: 0.8 to 2.5%
Si is an element that acts as a deoxidizer and reduces the activity of C to facilitate crystallization of graphite. In the present invention, Si is required to be contained in an amount of 0.8% or more. On the other hand, even if the content exceeds 2.5%, the above-described effect is saturated and the wear resistance is lowered, and an effect commensurate with the content cannot be expected, which is economically disadvantageous. For these reasons, Si is limited to 0.8 to 2.5%. In addition, Preferably it is 1 to 1.8%.
[0015]
Mn: 0.2 to 1.5%
Mn is useful for fixing S in molten steel as MnS and removing S that impairs wear resistance. It also has the effect of improving hardenability and increasing hardness. In order to obtain such an effect, the content of 0.2% or more is necessary. However, if it exceeds 1.5%, it segregates at the solidification interface and embrittles the material. For this reason, Mn was limited to the range of 0.2 to 1.5%. In addition, Preferably it is 0.2 to 1.0%.
[0016]
Cr: 1 to 3.5%
Cr is an element that generates hard eutectic carbide and is contained together with Mo to improve wear resistance. In the present invention, it is necessary to contain 1% or more. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3.5%, crystallization of graphite is suppressed and seizure resistance is lowered. For this reason, Cr was limited to 1 to 3.5%.
[0017]
Mo: 0.5 to 4.0%
Mo is an element that generates a carbide effective for improving the wear resistance without inhibiting the crystallization of graphite. When contained in combination with V and Nb, it produces MC carbide, which is a tougher and harder carbide, and has the effect of significantly improving the wear resistance. In order to acquire such an effect, 0.5% or more of content is required. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 4.0%, a large amount of Mo-based brittle carbide is formed, and the wear resistance is remarkably lowered. For this reason, Mo was limited to 0.5 to 4.0%. In addition, Preferably it is 0.6 to 3%.
[0018]
Ni: 3.0-7.0%
Ni has the effect of improving hardenability, increasing the hardness of the material, and improving wear resistance. It also has the effect of promoting crystallization of graphite. Such an effect is recognized with a content of 3.0% or more. However, when the content exceeds 7.0%, austenite is remarkably stabilized, the amount of retained austenite is increased, and seizure resistance is lowered. For this reason, Ni was limited to the range of 3.0 to 7.0%. In addition, Preferably it is 4.0 to 6.0%.
[0019]
V: 1.0-3.5%
V forms a hard MC type carbide and has an effect of improving wear resistance. In order to obtain a certain level or more of wear resistance, the present invention requires a content of 1.0% or more. On the other hand, the content exceeding 3.5% deteriorates seizure resistance, promotes solidification segregation of carbides, and lowers the roll surface quality. For this reason, V was limited to the range of 1.0 to 3.5%.
[0020]
Nb: 0.2 to 1.0%
Nb, combined with V and Mo, strengthens hard MC-type carbides and has an extremely important effect of dispersing them in granular form, while suppressing segregation of carbides and significantly improving wear resistance. Let In order to obtain the above effect, the content of 0.2% or more is required. However, if the content exceeds 1.0%, the MC type carbide becomes coarse and solidification segregation occurs, and the roll surface quality is increased. Reduce. For this reason, Nb was limited to the range of 0.2 to 1.0%.
[0021]
Al: 0.02 to 0.20%
Al is an element that strongly promotes graphitization and has an effect of improving the seizure resistance by improving the graphite shape. In the present invention, 0.02% is required to ensure seizure resistance above a certain level. The above content is required. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.2%, the coarse piece of graphite, which is disadvantageous in wear resistance, crystallizes excessively and wear resistance decreases. For this reason, Al was limited to 0.02 to 0.20% of range. In addition, Preferably it is 0.03 to 0.15%.
[0022]
B: 0.020 to 0.10%
B has an effect of refining and agglomerating graphite, an effect of suppressing excessive crystallization of graphite by Al, and an effect of improving seizure resistance without lowering wear resistance. Such an action is recognized at a content of 0.020% or more in the presence of Al. However, if the content exceeds 0.10%, the carbides become brittle, wear resistance decreases, and the amount of graphite also decreases. For this reason, B was limited to 0.020 to 0.10% of range.
[0023]
Cr / C: 1 or less When the Cr content exceeds the C content, that is, when Cr / C exceeds 1, the Cr concentration in the matrix and the carbide increases, and seizure is likely to occur. The amount is also reduced. If Cr / C is 1 or less, a carbide with relatively little Cr concentration is generated, the amount of graphite can be maintained, and a decrease in seizure resistance can be suppressed. For this reason, Cr / C was limited to 1 or less. In addition, Preferably, it is Cr / C: 0.85 or less.
[0024]
Furthermore, in this invention, if it is in the following range, you may contain 1 type or 2 types of REM and B.
REM: 0.1% or less REM spheroidizes graphite and finely disperses it, thereby reducing the notch effect of graphite and further improving the wear resistance, and may be contained if necessary. preferable. Such an effect is recognized when the content is 0.005% or more. However, when the content exceeds 0.1%, the amount of graphite is reduced and the seizure resistance is deteriorated. For this reason, REM is preferably limited to 0.1% or less. From the viewpoint of spheroidizing graphite, it is more preferable that Ce is 30% by mass or more in REM.
[0025]
Ca: 0.01% or less Ca also has the effect of further improving wear resistance by spheroidizing graphite and reducing the notch effect of graphite. Such an effect is recognized when the content is 0.0005% or more. However, when the content exceeds 0.01%, the amount of graphite decreases and the seizure resistance is deteriorated. For this reason, it is preferable to limit Ca to 0.01% or less.
[0026]
The balance other than the above components is Fe and inevitable impurities. As unavoidable impurities, P: 0.1% or less and S: 0.05% or less are suitable.
In addition to the above-described composition, the outer layer material of the present invention has a structure containing 0.6 to 4% graphite by area ratio. If the amount of graphite is less than 0.6%, the lubricating action is lowered and the seizure resistance is lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4%, the wear resistance and the rough skin resistance deteriorate. For this reason, the graphite content is limited to the above range.
[0027]
In the present invention, the method for producing the outer layer material is not particularly limited, but the molten metal having the above-described composition is preferably made into an outer layer material having a predetermined size and shape by centrifugal casting. Then, it is preferable that the outer layer material is solidified or completely solidified to stop the rotation of the mold, and the inner layer material is statically cast to form a composite roll. Thereby, the inner surface side of the outer layer material is redissolved and the outer layer and the inner layer are welded and integrated to form a composite roll.
[0028]
For the inner layer to be statically cast, it is preferable to use spheroidal graphite cast iron, worm-like graphite cast iron, graphite steel or the like having excellent castability and mechanical properties. Further, an intermediate layer made of graphite steel or high carbon steel may be provided between the outer layer and the inner layer. When a roll is manufactured by centrifugal casting, the intermediate layer may be centrifugally cast following the centrifugal casting of the outer layer.
In addition, although the above description has mainly demonstrated the roll for hot rolling of a steel plate, this invention is not limited to the composite roll for hot rolling of a steel plate, The composite for steel pipe rolling with a caliber Needless to say, there is no problem even if it is applied to a roll. In the case of manufacturing a sleeve-type roll for rolling steel pipes, after the outer layer is centrifugally cast, it may be centrifugally cast using spheroidal graphite cast iron, black steel, or high carbon steel as the inner layer material.
[0029]
【Example】
(Example 1)
A melt having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted, and a ring-shaped test material (outer diameter: 250 mmφ, wall thickness: 60 mm) corresponding to the roll outer layer material was produced by centrifugal casting. The casting temperature was 1320 ° C., and the centrifugal force was 160 G as a multiple of gravity. After casting, the test material was tempered at a temperature of 420 to 500 ° C. The hardness after tempering was Hs 78-83. The ring material E is a ring material made of Ni grain cast iron, which is a conventional material.
[0030]
Test specimens were collected from these test materials and subjected to structure observation, wear test, and seizure test.
(1) Microstructure observation specimens were collected from the ring-shaped test material, the cross-section of the ring-shaped test material was corroded with an aqueous nitric acid solution, the macrostructure was observed on the cross-section of the test material, and the segregation status of carbide was investigated. did. Segregation was observed when a segregation pattern was observed, and no segregation was observed in other cases. Moreover, about the test piece cross section, after grinding | polishing, it observed with the optical microscope, and measured the area ratio of the graphite with the image analyzer.
(2) Wear test A test piece (size: 60 mmφ) was collected from a ring-shaped test material, and a wear test was performed by a two-disc sliding wear method of the counterpart material (material: S45C, size: 190 mmφ) and the test piece. . While rotating the test piece at a rotation speed of 700 rpm, the mating member is heated to 720 ° C., the test piece is cooled with water, the sliding rate between the test piece and the mating material is 10%, and the sample is rolled for 120 min while being pressed with a load of 100 kg. It was. After the test, the wear loss of the test piece was measured. Wear resistance is based on the wear amount of Al, B additive-free material (ring material No. A;), the ratio of the wear amount of each test piece to the reference value, and the wear ratio (= (wear amount of each test piece) ) / (Amount of wear of reference piece)).
(3) Seizure test A test piece (25 mm thick plate) was collected from a ring-shaped test material and subjected to a seizure test. As shown in FIG. 2, a disk-shaped mating material (material: STBA23, size: 190 mmφ) heated to 850 ° C. by a high-frequency heating coil and rotating at 50 rpm is pressed against a plate-shaped test piece for 10 s at 100 kg. As shown in FIG. 3, the seizure time was measured from the torque fluctuation of the counterpart material during pressure welding, and this seizure time was used as an index of seizure resistance. In addition, when the seizure time was zero or as short as 2 s or less, it was evaluated that the seizure resistance was excellent.
[0031]
The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003632640
[0033]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003632640
[0034]
Each of the examples of the present invention is a roll outer layer material excellent in both wear resistance and seizure resistance. On the other hand, in a comparative example that is out of the scope of the present invention, either or both of seizure resistance and wear resistance are lowered. In the comparative example (ring material No. A) containing no Al or B, the wear resistance is excellent, but the seizure resistance is lowered. Further, in the comparative example (ring material No. B) containing Cr / C exceeding 1 and not containing Nb and B and deviating from the scope of the present invention, in addition to deterioration of wear resistance, seizure resistance A significant decrease was observed, and carbide segregation was also observed. In the comparative example (ring material No. C) which does not contain Nb, Al and B, and further contains V out of the scope of the present invention, in addition to a significant reduction in seizure resistance, wear resistance is deteriorated and carbide segregation occurs. Admitted. In the comparative example (ring material No. D) containing Nb with Cr / C exceeding 1 and further out of the scope of the present invention, remarkable segregation of carbides was observed in addition to a significant decrease in seizure resistance. Moreover, the ring material No. which is a conventional material. E is excellent in seizure resistance, but wear resistance is remarkably deteriorated.
(Example 2)
A composite roll having a product body diameter of 685 mm and a body length of 2380 mm was produced by the following procedure.
[0035]
A molten outer layer material was cast into a mold rotating at a centrifugal force of 140 G so that the outer layer had a thickness of 120 mm. After the outer layer solidified, the rotation of the mold was stopped, and the mold was set up to cast the inner layer material (spheroidal graphite cast iron), so that the outer layer and the inner layer were integrally welded and cooled until the surface temperature of the outer layer became 80 ° C. or less. Thereafter, the mold was disassembled to form a composite roll consisting of an outer layer and an inner layer.
[0036]
The obtained composite roll was heated to 420 to 500 ° C. and then subjected to a heat treatment (tempering treatment) that was gradually cooled, so that the hardness of the outer layer was 79 to 83 Hs.
After the heat treatment, a test material for chemical composition analysis of the outer layer and a test piece for structure observation were collected from the roll barrel end. For the inner layer, a chemical composition analysis sample was collected from the center of the roll shaft end. Table 3 shows the chemical composition of the outer layer and inner layer of each composite roll.
[0037]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003632640
[0038]
The obtained composite roll was put in as a work roll for an F7 stand of a hot finish rolling mill, and test rolling of 10 medium carbon steels was performed. In addition, drawing rolling was reproduced with one of them, and the seizure situation was compared.
The present invention example (roll No. 1) has an extremely good wear resistance of 1.5 times or more of the conventional cast iron roll, and has been confirmed to be excellent in surface roughness resistance. No seizure occurred.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the composite roll which has seizure resistance and abrasion resistance can be manufactured cheaply as a roll for the latter stage rolling stand of the hot rolling of a steel plate, and there is a remarkable industrial effect. The composite roll of the present invention can also be applied as a steel pipe rolling roll that requires excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the influence of Al and B on wear resistance and seizure resistance.
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an outline of a seizure test.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the definition of a seizing time.

Claims (4)

熱間圧延用複合ロールの外層に用いられる外層材であって、質量%で、
C:2.5 〜4.0 %、 Si:0.8 〜2.5 %、
Mn:0.2 〜1.5 %、 Cr:1.0 〜3.5 %、
Mo: 0.5 〜4.0 %、 Ni:3.0 〜7.0 %、
V:1.0 〜3.5 %、 Nb:0.2 〜1.0 %、
Al:0.02〜0.2 %、 B:0.020 〜0.10%
を含み、かつCr/Cが1以下を満足し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成と黒鉛を面積率で0.6 〜4%含有する組織を有することを特徴とする耐焼付 き性と耐摩耗性に優れた熱間圧延用ロール外層材。
The outer layer material used for the outer layer of the composite roll for hot rolling,
C: 2.5 to 4.0%, Si: 0.8 to 2.5%,
Mn: 0.2 to 1.5%, Cr: 1.0 to 3.5%,
Mo: 0.5 to 4.0%, Ni: 3.0 to 7.0%,
V: 1.0 to 3.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1.0%,
Al: 0.02-0.2%, B: 0.020-0.10%
Seizure resistance, characterized in that Cr / C satisfies 1 or less, the composition is composed of the balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and has a structure containing graphite in an area ratio of 0.6 to 4%. Hot roll outer layer material with excellent wear resistance.
前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、REM :0.10%以下、Ca:0.01%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱間圧延用ロール外層材。2. In addition to the composition, the composition further comprises one or two selected from REM: 0.10% or less and Ca: 0.01% or less by mass%. Roll outer layer material for hot rolling. 外層と内層が溶着一体化してなる熱間圧延用複合ロールであって、前記外層が、質量%で、
C:2.5 〜4.0 %、 Si:0.8 〜2.5 %、
Mn:0.2 〜1.5 %、 Cr:1.0 〜3.5 %、
Mo: 0.5 〜4.0 %、 Ni:3.0 〜7.0 %、
V:1.0 〜3.5 %、 Nb:0.2 〜1.0 %、
Al:0.02〜0.2 %、 B:0.020 〜0.10%
を含み、かつCr/Cが1以下を満足し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成と、黒鉛を面積率で0.6 〜4%含有する組織を有することを特徴とする耐焼付き性と耐摩耗性に優れた熱間圧延用複合ロール。
It is a composite roll for hot rolling formed by welding and integrating the outer layer and the inner layer, and the outer layer is in mass%,
C: 2.5 to 4.0%, Si: 0.8 to 2.5%,
Mn: 0.2 to 1.5%, Cr: 1.0 to 3.5%,
Mo: 0.5 to 4.0%, Ni: 3.0 to 7.0%,
V: 1.0 to 3.5%, Nb: 0.2 to 1.0%,
Al: 0.02-0.2%, B: 0.020-0.10%
And a composition comprising Cr and C of 1 or less, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and a structure containing 0.6 to 4% of graphite by area ratio, and seizure resistance, Composite roll for hot rolling with excellent wear resistance.
前記外層の組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、REM :0.10%以下、Ca:0.01%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の熱間圧延用複合ロール。4. In addition to the composition of the outer layer, the composition further contains one or two kinds selected from REM: 0.10% or less and Ca: 0.01% or less by mass%. A composite roll for hot rolling as described in 1.
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