JP3626437B2 - Working machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a work machine such as a backhoe, and more particularly to an engine vibration preventing structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, in a backhoe, a swivel base is provided on a traveling device so as to be able to swivel around a swivel axis in the vertical direction, a drilling device is provided at the front of the swivel, and an engine is disposed horizontally at the rear. In addition, a hydraulic pump is arranged on the left and right sides of the engine, and a muffler is arranged above the hydraulic pump so that the longitudinal direction is the front-rear direction, and the engine, hydraulic pump, and muffler can be opened and closed by a bonnet. There is something to cover.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the backhoe, the engine is placed horizontally (so that the axis of the crankshaft faces in the left-right direction), and is supported on a swing board or the like on the frame side of the work machine via a vibration isolating member. ing.
However, according to the test results, the inertial main shaft of the engine is inclined with respect to the crankshaft center (left-right direction) of the engine, and therefore, the engine vibrates relatively greatly due to the rotational drive of the engine. I understood that.
[0004]
In view of the above-described problems, the present invention is capable of more reliably preventing engine vibration with a simple configuration.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The technical means of the present invention for solving this technical problem is that the engine 9 is provided with a weight 81 for preventing vibration.
Another technical means of the present invention includes an engine 9, and a working machine in which an inertia main shaft B of the engine 9 is inclined with respect to a crankshaft axis A of the engine 9.
A weight 81 is provided in the engine 9 so as to relax and absorb vibrations of the engine 9 due to a deviation between the inertia main shaft B of the engine 9 and the crankshaft axis A of the engine 9.
[0006]
According to another technical means of the present invention, the weight 81 is provided on the outer end side of the engine 9 in the direction of the crankshaft A so as to be located on the opposite side of the crankshaft A from the inertia main shaft B. There is in point.
According to another technical means of the present invention, the engine 9 is supported at a plurality of locations on the frame side of the work machine via the vibration isolation member 55, and the weight 81 is one of the vibration isolation members 55 at the plurality of locations. The anti-vibration member 55 is provided in the vicinity.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a backhoe exemplified as a turning work machine. The backhoe 1 is mainly composed of an upper turning body 2 and a lower traveling device 3, and a turntable 6 is provided around a vertical axis. The rear surface side of the swivel base 6 is configured in a plan view arc shape (substantially arcuate shape) so that the rear surface side of the swivel base 6 does not protrude beyond the lateral width of the traveling device 3 even when the swivel base is turned. This is called a swivel backhoe.
[0008]
Note that the traveling direction of the backhoe 1 (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) is referred to as the front-rear direction, and the lateral direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction (the paper penetration direction in FIG. 1) is referred to as the left-right direction.
The traveling device 3 rotatably supports idlers 3B, drive wheels 3C, track rollers, and carrier rollers on both left and right sides of the track frame 3A, and a crawler traveling body 4 of a rubber crawler type (or iron crawler type) is wound around these. A crawler type traveling device is employed in which the driving wheel 3C is driven by a hydraulic motor or the like.
A dozer 5 is provided at the front of the traveling device 3.
[0009]
The swivel body 2 includes a swivel base 6 that is supported on the traveling device 3 so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis, a working device (excavation device) 7 provided at a front portion of the swivel base 6, and the swivel base 6. The driver's seat 8 provided above, and the engine 9, fuel tank 10, hydraulic pump 11, hydraulic oil tank 12, radiator 14, battery 17, muffler 18, air cleaner 25 shown in FIG. And various other devices. The swivel base 6 is provided with a bonnet 15 that covers various devices such as the engine 9 and the fuel tank 10 mounted on the swivel base 6. The bonnet 15 includes a bonnet front wall portion 16, a bonnet right side wall portion 37, and a bonnet. It has a left side wall part 35 and a bonnet rear wall part 36.
[0010]
The driver's seat 8 is disposed in the middle in the front-rear direction of the swivel base 6 and is located to the left from the central part in the left-right direction, and is supported on the swivel base 6 or the bonnet front wall part 16 via a cushion member 13 as shown in FIG. Has been.
The swivel base 6 is attached and fixed to the swivel frame 19 and the rear part of the swivel frame 19, and balances the weight with respect to the working device 7 and the like provided in the front part of the swivel base 6 together with the engine 9 and the like. And a counterweight 20 (protector) constituting the main body.
[0011]
Further, the left and right side surfaces, the front surface, and the front side of the driver's seat 8 on the upper surface of the revolving frame 19 are appropriately covered with a cover body 23 and the like.
The swivel frame 19 includes a swivel board 22 supported on the travel device 3 via a swivel bearing 21 so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis, and a reinforcing member, various devices, and the like are mounted and fixed on the swivel board 22. For this purpose, an attachment member or the like is fixed.
A pair of upper and lower support brackets 26 are provided in front of the swivel board 22 so as to protrude forward from the swivel base 6, and a swing bracket 27 is supported on the support bracket 26 so as to be swingable left and right around the vertical axis. ing.
[0012]
A boom 28 supported by the swing bracket 27 so as to be swingable about the horizontal axis, an arm 29 supported so as to be swingable about the horizontal axis on the tip side of the boom 28, and a tip side of the arm 29. The working device 7 is mainly composed of a bucket 30 attached so as to be able to perform a squeeze / dump operation. The boom 28, the arm 29, and the bucket 30 are a boom cylinder 31, an arm cylinder 32, and a bucket cylinder, each of which is a hydraulic cylinder. 33 is operable.
On the rear side of the turn board 22 and on the rear side of the driver's seat 8 (rear part of the turntable 6), the engine 9 is disposed horizontally (so that the axis of the crankshaft faces in the left-right direction), and the left side of the engine 9 ( A hydraulic pump 11 that supplies pressure oil to various hydraulic devices is disposed on the left and right sides. A muffler 18 is disposed above the hydraulic pump 11, and an air cleaner 25 is disposed above the muffler 18. ing.
[0013]
Further, a radiator 14 is disposed on the right side (the other side on the left and right sides) of the engine 9. Pressure oil for operating hydraulic equipment is provided on the front side of the engine 9, on the right side of the turning board 22, and on the front side of the radiator 14 and the like. A hydraulic oil tank 12 to be stored, a fuel tank 10 and a battery 17 are arranged.
The engine 9, the radiator 14, the hydraulic oil tank 12, and the like project upward from the swivel base 6, and are located above the swivel base 6 in the arrangement space of the engine 9, hydraulic pump 11, muffler 18, air cleaner 25, and the like. The front upper side, the front side, and the left side are covered with a support frame 34 (see FIG. 4) fixed to the revolving frame 19 and a bonnet front wall portion 16 and a bonnet left side wall portion 35 fixed to the revolving frame 19 and the like. Yes.
[0014]
In addition, the rear side of the upper portion of the arrangement space of the engine 9, the hydraulic pump 11, the radiator 14, the muffler 18, the air cleaner 25, etc. from the swivel 6 is covered with a bonnet rear wall portion 36. As shown in FIG. 3, the portion 36 is attached to the support frame 34 or the bonnet front wall portion 16 so as to be swingable up and down around the support shaft 41, and can be opened and closed.
The bonnet rear wall portion 36 is formed in a shape along the rear surface shape of the swivel base 6 (counterweight 20), and is formed in an arc shape protruding rearward in plan view.
[0015]
Therefore, the rear surface side shape of the bonnet rear wall portion 36 is formed in a curved shape so as to move forward from the central portion in the left-right direction toward the outer side in the left-right direction.
The hydraulic oil tank 12, the fuel tank 10 and the battery 17 are covered with a bonnet right side wall portion 37.
The bonnet right side wall portion 37 is configured to cover the radiator 14 and the like on the rear side.
Further, the bonnet right side wall portion 37 has an opening / closing cover 43. By rotating the opening / closing cover 43 of the bonnet right side wall portion 37, an arrangement space for the hydraulic oil tank 12, the fuel tank 10, the battery 17, the radiator 14, and the like. Is configured to be open.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the support frame 34 is connected to a rear leg portion 34R, a pair of left and right front leg portions 34F, and upper ends of the leg portions 34F and 34R, and attached to the bonnet front wall portion 16 and the like. The lower leg of each rear leg part 34R and the front leg part 34F is attached and fixed to the revolving board 22 or the like via the partition wall 51 or the like. ing.
In front of the driver's seat 8, a pair of left and right driving control levers 38L and 38R are arranged to operate the left and right traveling bodies 4 separately. Is arranged.
[0017]
The right control table 39R is provided with a boom / bucket operation lever 40 for operating the boom 28 and the bucket 30.
The left control table 39L is provided with a turning motor for turning the turntable 6 and a turning / arm operation lever 43 for operating the arm 29.
As shown in FIG. 3, the center side of the bonnet front wall portion 16 of the bonnet 15 is recessed behind the both side portions, and a stepped portion 47 that is horizontal corresponding to the lower side of the driver's seat 8 is provided. Is formed.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the muffler 18 is formed in an elliptic cylinder shape that is flat in the vertical direction and long in the front-rear direction, and moves downward in the bonnet 15 so as to move downward toward the front. The front portion of the muffler 18 is inserted below the step portion 47 of the bonnet front wall portion 16. Therefore, the rear part of the driver's seat 8 is arranged above the front part of the muffler 18 via the step part 47 of the bonnet front wall part 16.
Therefore, the driver's seat 8 can be disposed as far as possible on the swivel 6 so as to be positioned above the front portion of the muffler 18, and a sufficiently large driving space is secured in front of the driver's seat 8. Can do. Further, the muffler 18 can be disposed as close to the front as possible in the bonnet 15, so that the space at the rear part of the bonnet 15 is widened, the rear wall part 36 of the bonnet is opened, and the rear part of the bonnet 15 is moved. The maintenance work becomes easy.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, a plurality of horizontal plate-like engine attachment bodies 52 are provided on the revolving board 22 via partition walls 51 and the like, and these engine attachment bodies 52 are provided at four locations on the front, rear, left and right sides of the engine 9. However, the four attachment pieces 53 projecting from the engine 9 are respectively supported via the vibration isolation members 55, and the engine 9 is held in a state of floating from the turning substrate 22.
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, each vibration isolation member 55 includes an elastic body 57 made of rubber or the like, a fixed plate 58 made of a metal plate, and a cylindrical tube 59 made of a metal pipe or the like. The elastic body 57 is integrated with the fixing plate 58 and the cylindrical body 59 by baking or the like. A circular attachment hole 60 is formed in the central portion of the elastic body 57, and the cylindrical body 59 is vertically held through and held in the central portion of the elastic body 57 through the attachment hole 60.
[0020]
A pair of left and right fixing portions 61 projecting outward in the left and right direction are provided on both left and right sides of the fixing plate 58, and attachment holes 62 are formed in each fixing portion 61. On the inner end side of the fixed plate 58, a cylindrical portion 63 that is bent downward in a cylindrical shape is formed.
An annular convex portion 65 is provided on the outer peripheral portion on the one surface (lower surface) side of the elastic body 57, and the cylindrical portion 63 of the fixing plate 58 is embedded in the convex portion 65. An annular protrusion 66 is provided on the other surface (upper surface) side of the elastic body 57 so as to surround the upper end portion of the cylindrical body 59, and an annular groove 67 is formed between the annular protrusion 66 and the upper end portion of the cylindrical body 59. ing.
[0021]
The vibration isolating member 55 is disposed on the lower surface side of the mounting piece 53 of the engine 9, the bolt 69 is inserted into the mounting hole 68 of the mounting piece 53, and the bolt 69 is inserted into the cylindrical body 59 of the vibration isolating member 55. By tightening the nut 70, the vibration isolating member 55 is attached to the lower surface side of the mounting piece 53 with bolt nuts 69 and 70. A washer 73 is provided between the nut 70 and the tubular body 59. The washer 73 is formed in a dish shape, and an annular portion 74 protruding upward is provided on the outer peripheral portion. The annular portion 74 is a vibration isolating member. The circumference of 55 convex-shaped part 65 is surrounded.
[0022]
The convex portion 65 of the elastic body 57 is inserted into the opening hole 75 of the engine mounting body 52, and the fixing portions 61 of the fixing plate 58 are placed on the upper surface of the engine mounting body 52, and the fixing portions 61 are bolt nuts 77. Is fastened and fixed to the engine mounting body 52.
Accordingly, the engine 9 is supported by the engine mounting body 52 via the vibration isolating member 55 at four locations, front, rear, left, and right, so that the vibration of the engine 9 is not directly transmitted to the turning board 22 side, and the vibration of the engine 9 is prevented. I am trying.
By the way, since the engine 9 is disposed horizontally as described above, the crankshaft A of the engine 9 faces in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 6, but the engine 9 is, for example, a three-cylinder engine. From the experimental results, it has been found that the inertial main shaft B of the engine 9 is inclined so as to shift to the rear side toward the left outer side. Accordingly, the crankshaft A of the engine 9 and the inertia main shaft B do not coincide with each other, and the inertia main shaft B of the engine 9 is largely inclined with respect to the crankshaft A. For this reason, there is a possibility that vibration due to driving of the engine 9 becomes larger than necessary. Here, the inertial main axis B of the engine 9 is an axis that passes through the center of gravity of the rotating body, and when it is driven to rotate about this axis, a virtual axis that does not generate a force that changes the direction of the rotating axis is generated. It is.
[0023]
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, a vibration preventing weight 81 is provided on the front end side of the left outer end portion of the engine 9. The weight 81 is provided on the outer end side of the engine 9 in the direction of the crankshaft axis A so as to be located on the opposite side of the inertial spindle B with respect to the crankshaft axis A. It is attached to the housing 9a.
Accordingly, the weight 81 has a support portion (anti-vibration) at the front left end portion of the four support portions (vibration isolation members 55) that support the engine 9 on the frame side (swivel board 22) of the work implement via the anti-vibration members 55. The weight 81 is provided in the vicinity of the vibration member 55) and farther from the inertia main shaft B, and the weight 81 relaxes and absorbs vibration due to the deviation between the inertia main shaft B of the engine 9 and the crank shaft center A of the engine 9. The weight 81 effectively prevents vibration caused by the deviation between the inertia main shaft B and the crankshaft center A of the engine 9.
[0024]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation can be carried out. For example, although the weight 81 is provided on the front end side of the left outer end portion of the engine 9 in the above embodiment, the weight 81 may be provided on the rear end side of the right outer end portion of the engine 9 instead. Good.
In the embodiment, the inertia main shaft B of the engine 9 is inclined so as to shift to the rear side as it goes to the left outer side. For example, the front side of the inertia main shaft B of the engine 9 moves to the left outer side. In this case, the weight 81 is attached to the rear end side of the left outer end portion of the engine 9, for example, and the inertial axis B with respect to the crankshaft axis A is applied. What is necessary is just to provide the weight 81 on the opposite side.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the weight 81 can effectively prevent vibration of the engine 9. Moreover, it has a very simple configuration in which the weight 81 is provided, and can be easily manufactured and provided at a low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a backhoe showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the swivel base.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the bonnet portion.
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the swivel base.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the engine portion.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the engine portion.
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the vibration isolating member portion.
FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the vibration isolating member portion.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the vibration isolating member.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the vibration isolating member.
[Explanation of symbols]
9 Engine 55 Anti-vibration member 81 Weight

Claims (2)

In a working machine comprising an engine (9), wherein an inertia main shaft (B) of the engine (9) is inclined with respect to a crankshaft center (A) of the engine (9),
In order to mitigate the vibration of the engine (9) due to the deviation between the inertia main shaft (B) and the crank shaft center (A), the crank shaft (A) in the direction of the crank shaft center (A) of the engine (9) A working machine characterized in that a weight (81) for preventing vibration is provided at a position opposite to the inertial spindle (B) with respect to the shaft center (A) . The engine (9) is supported on the frame side of the work machine via vibration isolation members (55) at a plurality of locations, and the weight (81) is one of the vibration isolation members (55) at the plurality of locations. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the working machine is provided in the vicinity of the member (55) .

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