JP3625204B2 - Tunnel lining device and tunnel lining method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel lining device and a tunnel lining method for lining a tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method for lining a mountain tunnel, conventionally, a tunnel lining method using a centle having a cross-sectional arch shape is known. In this method, a centle having a diameter smaller than that of the excavation hole is inserted into the inner surface of the excavation hole formed by excavating the natural ground. Next, a method of inserting a pressure feed pipe through which the lining concrete flows from one of a plurality of openings provided in advance in the centle, and pouring the lining concrete into a gap between the inner surface of the excavation hole and the outer surface of the centle. It is.
[0003]
However, in the above-described method, since the lining concrete is cast in a mountain shape around the placement position, the lateral movement distance until the lining concrete is placed at a uniform height is increased, and the material separation is performed. There is a drawback that the quality of concrete deteriorates due to the occurrence of bleeding.
Moreover, since the vibrator is used not only to compact the lining concrete but also to spread the lining concrete evenly in the gap, there is a drawback that it takes time to operate the vibrator.
[0004]
For this reason, as a result of intensive studies, the present applicant has proposed a tunnel lining apparatus and a tunnel lining method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-280094. In the technique described in the above publication, the distal ends of the branch pipes branched from the pressure feeding pipe are respectively inserted into the plurality of openings in the horizontal direction. As a result, lining concrete can be poured from each branch pipe at the same time, so the lateral movement distance until the lining concrete is cast to a uniform height can be shortened to prevent material separation and breathing. This saves you the trouble of spreading the lining concrete evenly inside the gap.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the technique described in the publication, each branch pipe is inserted into a plurality of openings only in the horizontal direction. Therefore, after inserting each branch pipe into a plurality of openings at substantially the same height located below and placing the lining concrete, the openings located above the openings after being placed to a predetermined height. The method of inserting each branch pipe into the part and placing it again is adopted. That is, it has been pointed out that it is necessary to replace the branch pipe in the vertical direction, and if this operation takes time, a cold joint is generated in the lining concrete and the quality deteriorates.
An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining device and a tunnel lining method that can reliably prevent the occurrence of a cold joint of lining concrete.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, lining concrete 3 is applied to the inner wall surface of the excavation hole 2 formed by excavating the natural ground 1. Used to cast and lining the tunnel 4,
A centle 11 that is provided so as to form a gap 5 between the inner wall surface of the excavation hole 2 and has a plurality of openings 11a vertically and horizontally, and a lining that is placed in the gap 5 by using the centle 11 as a mold. A tunnel lining device 10 including a pressure feeding pipe 12 for feeding concrete 3 by pressure,
The pressure feeding pipe 12 is
A horizontal branch pipe (first branch pipe 12a, second branch pipe 12b) branched in a plurality in the horizontal direction;
Adjusting means (first shutter valve 12d1, second shutter valve 12e1) for adjusting the flow rate of the lining concrete in these horizontal branch pipes;
Furthermore, a vertical branch pipe (third branch pipe 12c) connected to the horizontal branch pipe, branched into a plurality of vertical directions, and respectively inserted into the plurality of vertical openings 11a among the openings 11a,
Adjusting means (third shutter valve 12f1) for adjusting the flow rate of the lining concrete 3 in these vertical branch pipes;
It is characterized by having.
[0007]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the lining concrete can be placed by inserting a plurality of vertical branch pipes into the plurality of horizontal openings, respectively, the lining concrete has a uniform height. In addition to shortening the lateral movement distance until it is placed on the material, it is possible to prevent material separation and breathing, and it is possible to save time and effort to evenly spread the lining concrete inside the gap with a vibrator.
In addition, the vertical branch pipes can be respectively inserted into the plurality of openings in the vertical direction. And by adjusting the adjusting means, the lining concrete is placed from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height in the lowermost part, and sequentially from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height in the upper part. Lined concrete can be cast. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently prevent the occurrence of a cold joint by efficiently placing the lining concrete without changing the branch pipe in the vertical direction.
[0008]
Here, as a method of branching the pressure feed pipe into a plurality of branch pipes, for example, there is a method in which a tubular connection joint that opens in a plurality of directions is provided in the pressure feed pipe, and a branch pipe is connected to each of the connection joints.
Moreover, it is preferable to branch the said pressure feeding pipe toward the both-sides wall part of a tunnel, and to cast lining concrete simultaneously in each side wall part.
[0009]
As the branch pipe, it is preferable to use a flexible pipe made of metal or resin.
In addition, the pumping pipe has a ceiling pumping pipe extending upward from the pumping pipe for placing lining concrete in the gap from an opening of a centle located at the ceiling of the excavation hole. You may provide the coupling for connecting.
[0010]
Here, examples of the adjusting means include a valve capable of adjusting the flow path cross-sectional area of the pressure feed pipe, a stopper that partitions the flow path of the pressure feed pipe in the middle, and the like.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 2 is the tunnel lining apparatus 10 according to claim 1, for example, as shown in FIGS.
A vibrator 14 for compacting the lining concrete 3 placed in the gap 5;
An elevating device (winch 13) for elevating the vibrator 14 in the gap 5 is provided.
[0014]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the vibrator can be easily moved up and down in accordance with the placement height of the lining concrete by operating the lifting device. Can be easily performed.
[0015]
Here, as the lifting device, for example, a winch that includes a connecting member connected to a vibrator such as a wire and can wind up the connecting member as appropriate can be used. In order to provide the winch and the vibrator in the tunnel lining device, a vibrator connected to the connection member is provided in the gap through the opening, and the winch is provided on the inner side of the centle. do it.
[0016]
The invention according to claim 3 is the tunnel lining apparatus 10 according to claim 2, for example, as shown in FIGS.
A frame member (steel frame 14a) that covers the vibrator 14 from the periphery is provided.
[0017]
According to invention of Claim 3, since a vibrator does not contact a centle directly with the said frame member, the vibration of the centle at the time of placing covering concrete can be reduced, and workability | operativity can be improved.
[0018]
The invention according to claim 4 is a tunnel lining method using the tunnel lining device 10 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, for example, as shown in FIGS.
A plurality of vertical branch pipes (third branch pipes 12c) branched from the pressure feed pipe 12 are respectively inserted into the plurality of openings 11a,
The lining concrete 3 is pumped to the pumping pipe 12, and the adjusting means (the first shutter valve 12d1, the second shutter valve 12e1, and the third shutter valve 12f1) are adjusted to be positioned at the same height at the bottom. Placing the lining concrete 3 into the gap 5 from a plurality of vertical branch pipes (third branch pipes 12c),
The lining concrete 3 is sequentially placed in the gap 5 from a plurality of vertical branch pipes (third branch pipes 12c) positioned at the same height in the upper part.
[0019]
According to the invention described in claim 4, since the lining concrete can be placed by inserting the plurality of vertical branch pipes into the plurality of horizontal openings, respectively, the lining concrete has a uniform height. In addition to shortening the lateral movement distance until it is placed on the material, it is possible to prevent material separation and breathing, and it is possible to save time and effort to evenly spread the lining concrete inside the gap with a vibrator.
In addition, after the vertical branch pipes are inserted into the plurality of vertical openings, the adjusting means is adjusted so that the lining concrete is cast from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height at the bottom. Is done. Then, by adjusting the adjusting means while corresponding to the fact that the lining concrete is placed in the gap from below, the lining concrete is sequentially removed from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height on the upper part. It is cast. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently prevent the occurrence of a cold joint by efficiently placing the lining concrete without replacing the branch pipe.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
First, the structure of the tunnel lining apparatus 10 is demonstrated based on FIGS. 1-4.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tunnel lining apparatus 10 includes a center 11 having a portal structure 11b, a first branch pipe (horizontal branch pipe) 12a, a second branch pipe (horizontal branch pipe) 12b, a third A pressure feed pipe 12 having a branch pipe (vertical branch pipe) 12c, a wire 13a, a winch 13 (elevating device) having a pulley 13b, a vibrator 14 having a steel frame 14a, and the like are schematically configured.
[0022]
The center 11 is provided so as to form a gap 5 with the inner wall surface of the excavation hole 2 and serves as a formwork for placing the lining concrete 3 and is formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. It has a plurality of openable and closable openings 11a and is supported from the inside by a gate structure 11b.
[0023]
The gate-type structure 11b is movable on a rail provided inside the excavation hole 2 by a plurality of carriages 11b1 provided at the lower end thereof.
[0024]
The pressure-feed pipe 12 is connected to a concrete pump truck whose base end portion supplies lining concrete, and is installed along the axial direction of the excavation hole 2 on the upper surface portion of the portal structure 11b. 3 is pumped to the placement position. The pressure feed pipe 12 is provided with a joint 16 for connecting a ceiling part pressure feed pipe 15 described later.
[0025]
The pressure feeding pipe 12 branches laterally into two first branch pipes 12 a, and these first branch pipes 12 a extend toward both side walls of the excavation hole 2. These first branch pipes 12a branch laterally into three second branch pipes 12b. At the tip of these second branch pipes 12b, two third branch pipes 12c branch downward. The distal ends of the third branch pipes 12c are inserted into a plurality of openings 11a in the vertical direction.
[0026]
A branching source of the first branch pipe 12a is provided with a tubular first connecting joint 12d that branches in two directions, and the first branch pipe 12a is connected to the first connecting joint 12d. A first shutter valve 12d1 (adjusting means) capable of adjusting the flow path area is provided at a portion branched in two directions of the first coupling joint 12d.
[0027]
In addition, a tubular second coupling joint 12e that branches in three directions is provided at the branching source of the second branch pipe 12b, and the second branch pipe 12b is coupled to the second coupling joint 12e. A second shutter valve 12e1 (adjusting means) capable of adjusting the flow path area is provided at each of the portions of the second coupling joint 12e branched in three directions.
[0028]
Further, a branching source of the third branch pipe 12c is provided with a tubular third connecting joint 12f that branches in two directions, and the third branch pipe 12c is connected to the third connecting joint 12f. A third shutter valve 12f1 (adjusting means) capable of adjusting the flow path area is provided at a portion branched in two directions of the third coupling joint 12f.
[0029]
A plurality of winches 13 are installed at the upper end of the gate structure 11b, and include a wire 13a and a pulley 13b.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 3, the wire 13 a is provided so as to pass through the opening 11 a formed in the center 11, and a predetermined length on the base end side is wound around the winch 13. The tip side from the portion 11a is connected to a vibrator 14 described later.
[0031]
The pulley 13b is installed in a state where a wire 13a is hung on an upper end portion of a gate-type structure 11b between the winch 13 and the opening portion 11a.
[0032]
The vibrator 14 has a structure in which a vibration part that vibrates by high frequency is provided at the tip of a rod-shaped main body part, and also includes a steel frame 14a that covers the vibrator 14 from the periphery as shown in FIG.
[0033]
The steel frame 14a includes a first ring portion 14a1 surrounding the wire 13a, two second ring portions 14a2 surrounding the vibrator 14, and a plurality of first ring portions 14a1 and two second ring portions 14a2. The connecting portion 14a3.
The second ring portion 14a2 includes an outer peripheral ring 14a4, an inner peripheral ring 14a5 fixed to the vibrator 14, and a plurality of connection portions 14a6 connecting the outer peripheral ring 14a4 and the inner peripheral ring 14a5. ing.
A cushioning material such as rubber (not shown) is provided between the inner ring 14a5 and the vibrator 14, so that vibration of the vibrator 14 is not directly transmitted to the steel frame 14a.
[0034]
Next, a method for lining the tunnel 4 by the tunnel lining device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0035]
First, the centle 11 is arranged so that the gap 5 is formed between the inner wall surface of the excavation hole 2 subjected to the primary lining.
[0036]
Placing the lining concrete 3 is performed separately on both side walls 2a, 2a of the excavation hole 2 and the ceiling 2b.
In order to place the lining concrete 3 on both side walls 2a, 2a of the excavation hole 2, the left and right side walls 2a are alternately placed or both side walls 2a, 2a are placed simultaneously. In this embodiment, the both side walls 2a and 2a are covered by the latter method, but the insertion of the branch pipe will be described in one side wall 2a as described below.
[0037]
First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, among the openings 11 a formed on one side wall 2 a of the centle 11, three appropriate openings 11 a positioned horizontally at substantially equal intervals are selected below. Then, the three third branch pipes 12c positioned below are inserted into the selected openings 11a. At the same time, the tip portions of the three third branch pipes 12c located above are inserted into the openings 11a located at substantially equal intervals above the three openings 11a.
[0038]
It should be noted that the two first shutter valves 13d1 are adjusted to open the two first branch pipes 12a, and the three second shutter valves in one of the first branch pipes 12a (hereinafter, explanation on one side wall portion 2a). 13e1 is adjusted to open the three second branch pipes 12b. In addition, a total of three third shutter valves 12f1 in each second branch pipe 12b are adjusted, and only the three third branch pipes 12c located below are opened and three third branch pipes located above are opened. 12c is closed. Moreover, the opening part 11a located below the front-end | tip part of the three 3rd branch pipes 12c located above is obstruct | occluded beforehand.
[0039]
Further, the vibrator 14 is connected to the wire 13 a of each winch 13, and is hung inside the gap 5 from the opening 11 a located at substantially the same height as each winch 13.
[0040]
Next, the concrete pump car is operated to pressure-feed the lining concrete 3 to the pressure-feeding pipe 12, and the lining concrete 3 is simultaneously placed in the gap 5 from the three third branch pipes 12 c located below.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 3, the winch 13 is appropriately operated so that the vibrator 14 is always positioned near the upper portion of the lining concrete 3 to be placed and compacted.
[0042]
Then, when the lining concrete 3 is placed up to the vicinity of the tip of the second branch pipe 12b, the three second shutter valves 12e1 are adjusted to close the three third branch pipes 12c located below. The three third branch pipes 12c located above are closed. Then, the lining concrete 3 is poured simultaneously from the three third branch pipes 12c located above.
[0043]
Similarly, lining concrete is placed on the other side wall 2a. As described above, the lining concrete 3 can be placed on the both side walls 2a, 2a of the excavation hole 2.
[0044]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, lining concrete 3 is placed on the ceiling 2 b of the excavation hole 2. First, the two first shutter valves 12d1 are adjusted to close the two first branch pipes 12a, and the ceiling part pressure feed pipe 15 is connected to the joint 16, and the ceiling part pressure feed pipe 15 is connected to the excavation hole. 2 is inserted into the opening 11a in the vicinity of the ceiling 2b. Further, the vibrator 14 is provided in the gap 5 through the opening 11a in the vicinity of the ceiling 2b.
[0045]
Next, the concrete pump car is operated to pump the lining concrete 3 to the pressure feeding pipe 12, and the lining concrete 3 is placed in the gap 5 from the ceiling pressure feeding pipe 15 and the vibrator 14 is driven to cover the concrete. 3 is tightened. When the placing and compacting of the lining concrete 3 is finished, the ceiling portion pressure feeding pipe 15 and the vibrator 14 are taken out from the gap 5.
Thus, the lining concrete 3 can be placed on the ceiling 2b of the excavation hole 2.
[0046]
According to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Six third branch pipes 12c (in one side wall 2a) are inserted into six openings 11a in two rows in the vertical direction and three rows in the horizontal direction among the openings 11a. Thereafter, by adjusting the three third shutter valves 12f1, the lining concrete 3 is driven from the three third branch pipes 12c located at the lowermost part. Then, the three third branch pipes 12c positioned in the upper part are sequentially adjusted by adjusting the three third shutter valves 12f1 while the lining concrete 3 is placed in the gap 5 from below. The lining concrete 3 is laid. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently prevent the occurrence of a cold joint by efficiently placing the lining concrete 3 without replacing the branch pipe.
[0047]
(2) Further, as described above, the three third branch pipes 12c located in the upper part and the three third branch pipes 12c located in the lower part are arranged in three rows in the horizontal direction in the opening 11a. Since the lining concrete 3 is placed after being inserted into the opening portion 11a, the lateral movement distance until the lining concrete 3 is placed at a uniform height can be shortened to prevent material separation and breathing. At the same time, it is possible to save the labor of spreading the lining concrete 3 evenly in the gap with the vibrator 14.
[0048]
(3) By operating the winch 13, the vibrator 14 can be easily raised and lowered in accordance with the placement height of the lining concrete 3, so that the lining concrete 3 can be compacted easily. it can.
[0049]
(4) Since the vibrator 14 is not in direct contact with the centle 11 by the steel frame 14a, it is possible to reduce the vibration of the centle 11 when placing the lining concrete 3 and improve the workability.
[0050]
(5) Since the lining concrete 3 is simultaneously placed on the both side walls 2a and 2a of the excavation hole 2, the right and left balance of the load acting on the centle 11 is improved and the placement of the lining concrete 3 is stable. Can be done.
[0051]
In the present embodiment, the lining concrete 3 is simultaneously placed on both side walls 2a and 2a of the excavation hole 2, but when the lining concrete 3 is alternately placed on both side walls 2a and 2a. First, of the two first branch pipes 12a, only the first branch pipe 12a toward the one side wall portion 2a is opened, and the second branch pipe 12b branched from the opened first branch pipe 12a and the second branch pipe 12a are opened. The three branch pipes 12c are driven into one side wall 2a. When the placement of the one side wall 2a is completed, the first branch pipe 12a toward the one side wall 2a is closed, the other first branch pipe 12a is opened, and the first branch pipe 12a is branched. The second branch pipe 12b and the third branch pipe 12c to be placed may be placed on the other side wall 2a.
[0052]
In the present embodiment, two first branch pipes 12a branch from the pressure feed pipe 12 in the horizontal direction, and three second branch pipes 12b branch from the first branch pipes 12a in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, two third branch pipes 12c are branched from each second branch pipe 12b in the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and the number of branch pipes and the branching direction are arbitrary.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the lining concrete can be placed by inserting a plurality of vertical branch pipes into the plurality of horizontal openings, respectively, the lining concrete has a uniform height. In addition to shortening the lateral movement distance until it is placed on the material, it is possible to prevent material separation and breathing, and it is possible to save time and effort to evenly spread the lining concrete inside the gap with a vibrator.
In addition, the vertical branch pipes can be respectively inserted into the plurality of openings in the vertical direction. And by adjusting the adjusting means, the lining concrete is placed from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height in the lowermost part, and sequentially from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height in the upper part. Lined concrete can be cast. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently prevent the occurrence of a cold joint by efficiently placing the lining concrete without replacing the branch pipe.
[0055]
According to the second aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, and the lining concrete can be easily compacted.
[0056]
According to the invention described in claim 3, the same effect as that of the invention described in claim 2 can be obtained. Can be improved.
[0057]
According to the invention described in claim 4, since the lining concrete can be placed by inserting the plurality of vertical branch pipes into the plurality of horizontal openings, respectively, the lining concrete has a uniform height. In addition to shortening the lateral movement distance until it is placed on the material, it is possible to prevent material separation and breathing, and it is possible to save time and effort to evenly spread the lining concrete inside the gap with a vibrator.
In addition, after the vertical branch pipes are inserted into the plurality of vertical openings, the adjusting means is adjusted so that the lining concrete is cast from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height at the bottom. Is done. Then, by adjusting the adjusting means while corresponding to the fact that the lining concrete is placed in the gap from below, the lining concrete is sequentially removed from the plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height on the upper part. It is cast. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently prevent the occurrence of a cold joint by efficiently placing the lining concrete without replacing the branch pipe.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to an axis of an excavation hole showing the overall configuration of a tunnel lining apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of an excavation hole showing the overall configuration of the tunnel lining device in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the excavation hole showing a situation where the vibrator is sequentially raised.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a steel frame that covers the vibrator from the periphery.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground mountain 2 Excavation hole 3 Covering concrete 4 Tunnel 5 Crevice 10 Tunnel lining apparatus 11 Centle 11a Opening part 11b Gate type structure 12 Pumping pipe 12a 1st branch pipe (horizontal branch pipe)
12b Second branch pipe (horizontal branch pipe)
12c 3rd branch pipe (vertical branch pipe)
12d1 first shutter valve 12e1 second shutter valve 12f1 third shutter valve 13 winch 14 vibrator 14a frame (frame member)

Claims (4)

Used to lining the tunnel by placing concrete lining on the inner wall of the excavation hole formed by excavating the natural ground,
A centle that is provided so as to form a gap between the inner wall surface of the excavation hole and has a plurality of openings in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a pressure feed pipe that pressure-feeds the lining concrete placed in the gap by using the centle as a mold. A tunnel lining device comprising:
The pressure feeding pipe is
A horizontal branch pipe branched into a plurality of horizontal directions;
Adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of lining concrete in these horizontal branch pipes;
A vertical branch pipe connected to the horizontal branch pipe, branched into a plurality in the vertical direction, and respectively inserted into a plurality of vertical openings in the openings;
Adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the lining concrete in these vertical branch pipes,
A tunnel lining device comprising: A vibrator for compacting the lining concrete placed in the gap;
The tunnel lining device according to claim 1, further comprising a lifting device that lifts and lowers the vibrator in the gap. The tunnel lining apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a frame member that covers the vibrator from the periphery. A tunnel lining method using the tunnel lining device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A plurality of vertical branch pipes branched from the pressure feed pipe are respectively inserted into the plurality of openings,
While pumping the lining concrete to the pumping pipe, adjusting the adjusting means, placing the lining concrete into the gap from a plurality of vertical branch pipes located at the same height at the bottom,
A tunnel lining method characterized by sequentially placing lining concrete in the gap from a vertical branch pipe located at the same height in the upper part.

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