JP3621043B2

JP3621043B2 - Inclined hole machining method with NC lathe, NC lathe for inclined hole machining, and inclined hole machining chuck used for NC lathe

Info

Publication number: JP3621043B2
Application number: JP2000362154A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 一徳宮本
Original assignee: 株式会社ツガミ
Priority date: 2000-11-29
Filing date: 2000-11-29
Publication date: 2005-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-29
Also published as: JP2002166309A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ＮＣ旋盤を用いて加工部に傾斜穴を加工形成する傾斜穴加工方法、傾斜穴加工用ＮＣ旋盤及びＮＣ旋盤に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
棒材加工物加工用ＮＣ旋盤は、通常、ベッド上に、主軸台、主軸、刃物台及び背面主軸を装着した背面主軸台が順次に配設されている。主軸は水平な軸を有し、主軸台から送り込まれる棒材加工物を共軸に摺動可能に受けると共にそれを回転させたり、必要な時にはその回転方向の所定位置に停止させることができる。背面主軸台は、背面主軸の軸が主軸の軸に平行になるように、かつ、背面主軸をその軸方向と、主軸の軸を含む垂直平面内にあって背面主軸の軸に直交する垂直軸との二方向に二次元的に移行させ得るようになっている。刃物台は、主軸と背面主軸台との間にあって、主軸の軸と直交又は直角に交差する水平軸と、主軸の軸と直交又は直角に交差する垂直軸との２軸によって規定される平面内を二次元的に移動可能になっている。
【０００３】
従来では、ＮＣ旋盤で、主軸から繰り出された棒材加工物の加工部にその中心線から中心線が傾斜した穴（以下、「傾斜穴」といい、両中心線間の角度を「傾斜角」という）を加工形成する場合も、加工部把持面の中心線と共軸の軸を有するチャック（例えば、コレットチャック）を用いていた。そのため、傾斜穴加工に当たっては、ドリルなどの穿孔工具を、その穿孔送り方向が傾斜穴の傾斜角に一致させるように刃物台に対して傾斜させて取り付けなければならず、傾斜角度の確保が容易でないばかりでなく、その取り付けに工数がかかり、かつ、傾斜角度が違う加工の場合にはそのつど穿孔工具を刃物台に付け替えなければならないという問題があった。
【０００４】
更に、従来の場合は、このような傾斜穴を形成するためには、背面主軸の回転を停止し穿孔工具を回転させなければならないから、穿孔工具はすべて回転形になり、刃物台に穿孔工具それぞれを適宜に回転させる回転機構を用いなければならず、傾斜穴形成のために、ＮＣ旋盤の構造を簡略化、コスト低減化ができなかった。しかも、通常、背面主軸は回転可能になっている。しかし、加工部は、背面主軸に共軸に把持されているために、この加工部を回転させると傾斜穴を加工できない。そこで、背面主軸の回転を止めて加工部の回転を停止させ、その代わりに穿孔工具を回転させなければならなかった。従って、せっかくの背面主軸の回転機能を生かせないという問題があった。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、各穿孔工具を、主軸の軸方向に対して傾斜させることなく、主軸の軸方向に平行に指向するように刃物台に固定するだけで、加工部に所望の傾斜穴を明けることができるＮＣ旋盤による傾斜穴加工方法、傾斜穴加工用ＮＣ旋盤及びＮＣ旋盤に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックを提供することにある。さらに、穿孔工具を回転させず、背面主軸を回転させて傾斜穴を加工することによって加工能率の向上とコストの低減を行うＮＣ旋盤による傾斜穴加工方法、傾斜穴加工用ＮＣ旋盤及びＮＣ旋盤に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックを提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
以上の課題を解決するために、本発明に基づくＮＣ旋盤による傾斜穴加工方法は次の工程から構成される。
【０００７】
まず、主軸から所定長さ繰り出された棒材加工物の加工部を加工部の中心線と加工部に形成されるべき傾斜穴の中心線とが成す傾斜角に実質的に等しく傾斜させる。
【０００８】
自らの軸に対して中心線が実質的に上記の該傾斜角だけ傾斜した円筒状の加工部把持面が形成されたチャックを、主軸の軸に平行な軸の方向とこの平行な軸の方向に直角な方向との二方向へ二次元的に移動可能な背面主軸に共軸に嵌装し、加工部把持面の中心線を加工部の中心線に実質的に一致させて加工部を加工部把持面で把持する。しかる後、加工部を棒材加工物から切断する。この際、穿孔工具をその穿孔送り方向が加工部把持面の中心線、ひいてはこれに把持された加工部の中心線に一致するように設定しておく。
【０００９】
次いで、穿孔工具とチャックとを背面主軸の軸を中心にして相対的に回転させると共に、加工部にその中心線に沿って穿孔工具を相対的に挿入して傾斜穴を形成し、最後に、加工部を背面主軸のチャックから解放して傾斜穴付き製品の傾斜穴加工工程の一サイクルが完了する。
【００１０】
加工部を所望の角度で傾斜させることを可能にする程度に加工部の首部を所定の直径に溝切り加工することが望ましい。
【００１１】
更に、穿孔工具を非回転に設け、チャックをその軸を中心にして回転させるようにすることが極めて望ましい。
本発明に基づくＮＣ旋盤による傾斜穴加工方法に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックは、主軸から所定長さ繰り出された棒材加工物の加工部を該加工部の中心線と該加工部に形成されるべき傾斜穴の中心線とが成す傾斜角に実質的に等しく傾斜させ、該棒材加工物の該加工部を該主軸の軸に平行な軸の方向とこの平行な軸の方向に直角な方向との二方向へ二次元的に移動可能な背面主軸側で把持し、該加工部を該棒材加工物から切断し、穿孔工具を、その穿孔送り方向が該加工部に形成されるべき該傾斜穴の該中心線に一致するように設定し、該穿孔工具と該加工部とを該背面主軸の軸を中心にして相対的に回転させると共に、該加工部に形成されるべき該傾斜穴の該中心線に沿って該穿孔工具を相対的に挿入して該傾斜穴を形成するＮＣ旋盤による傾斜穴加工方法に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックであって、
自らの軸に対して中心線が実質的に該傾斜角だけ傾斜した円筒状の加工部把持面が形成され、該背面主軸に共軸に嵌装され、該加工部把持面の該中心線を該加工部の該中心線に実質的に一致させて該加工部を該加工部把持面で把持することを特徴とする。
【００１２】
本発明の課題を達成するための傾斜穴加工用ＮＣ旋盤は次のように構成される。
【００１３】
棒材加工物を回転させる主軸を設け、主軸の軸に平行な軸を有してこの軸に沿って主軸と相対的に接離可能にかつ主軸の軸に直角な第１方向へ移動可能にかつ所望の回転方向の位置に停止し得るように、背面主軸を棒材加工物の主軸から繰り出される側に設け、主軸と背面主軸との間に第１方向と背面主軸の軸及び第１方向に直角な第２方向との二方向へ相対的移動可能な刃物台とを設け、棒材加工物の主軸からの繰り出し部から成る加工部を把持するチャックを背面主軸に共軸に嵌装させて成るＮＣ旋盤を基礎とする。
【００１４】
このＮＣ旋盤において、背面主軸用チャックは、円筒形の加工部把持面を有する。背面主軸用チャックの軸と加工部把持面の中心線との傾斜角は、加工部の中心線とこの加工部に形成されるべき傾斜穴の中心線との成す傾斜角に実質的に等しく設定されている。そして、加工部の中心線が主軸の軸から前記傾斜角だけ第１方向へ傾斜するように加工部を傾斜させるための加工部傾斜工具を刃物台に設け、背面主軸に対向させて穿孔工具を刃物台に設け、加工部を棒材加工物から切り落とすための切り落とし工具を刃物台に設け、背面主軸と穿孔工具とを背面主軸の軸を中心にして相対的に回転を行わせる回転装置を設ける。
【００１５】
この構成において、回転装置により背面主軸と穿孔工具との間に相対的に回転をさせながら背面主軸と穿孔工具との間隔を背面主軸の軸に沿って縮めると、背面主軸に装着されたチャックに把持されている加工部に傾斜穴を形成することができる。
【００１６】
棒材加工物を所定の直径まで溝切りする溝切り工具を該刃物台に設けることが望ましい。
【００１７】
穿孔工具を刃物台に不動に設け、回転装置は背面主軸をその軸を中心に回転可能にさせるようにすることが極めて望ましい。また、チャックは回転形のものであることが望ましい。
【００１８】
本発明に基づくＮＣ旋盤に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックは、棒材加工物を回転させる主軸と、該主軸の軸に平行な軸を有してこの平行な軸に沿って該主軸と相対的に接離可能にかつ該主軸の該軸に直角な第１方向へ移動可能にかつ所定の回転方向の位置に回転を停止し得るように、該棒材加工物の該主軸から繰り出される側に設けられた背面主軸と、該主軸と該背面主軸との間に該第１方向と該背面主軸の該軸及び該第１方向に直角な第２方向との二方向へ相対的に移動可能な刃物台とを有し、該棒材加工物の該主軸からの繰り出し部から成る加工部の中心線が該主軸の該軸から該加工部の中心線に対する傾斜角だけ該第１方向へ傾斜するように該加工部を傾斜させるための加工部傾斜工具を該刃物台に設け、該背面主軸に対向させて穿孔工具を該刃物台に設け、該加工部を該棒材加工物から切り落とすための切断工具を該刃物台に設け、該背面主軸と該穿孔工具とを該背面主軸の該軸を中心にして相対的回転を行わせる回転装置を設けて成り、該回転装置により該背面主軸と該穿孔工具との間に相対的に回転を生じさせながら該背面主軸と該穿孔工具との間隔を該背面主軸の該軸に沿って縮めて該加工部に傾斜穴を形成する傾斜穴加工用ＮＣ旋盤に使用される傾斜穴加工用チャックであって、
該背面主軸に共軸に嵌装され、自らの軸から該加工部に形成されるべき傾斜穴の中心線の、該傾斜角に実質的に等しい角度で傾斜した中心線を有する円筒形の加工部把持面を備えていることを特徴とする。
【００１９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明を実施形態に基づいて説明する。
【００２０】
図１は、本発明に基づくＮＣ旋盤、加工法及び背面主軸に装着されるコレットチャックを用いて傾斜穴が形成された製品１の軸縦断面図である。円筒状の製品１に複数の内径（図１では３つ）を有する傾斜部分穴２、３及び４（以下、総称して「傾斜穴５」という）が形成されており、傾斜部分穴２、３及び４の中心線は６で示す共通なものになっており、製品１の中心線７に対して所定の角度（傾斜角）α（例えば、３°）を成して傾斜している。中心線６及び７は交点Ｏで交わっている。
【００２１】
図２は、棒材加工物の加工部に傾斜穴を加工するＮＣ旋盤の一実施形態の斜視図を示す。主軸８は水平方向のＺ１軸を有し、ベッド１１上に固設されている。この主軸８にこれと共軸に、回転可能な主軸用コレットチャック装置９が装着されている。ベッド１１上の、主軸８の一方側に主軸台１０が主軸８に共軸にかつ主軸８に対して所定ストロークで接離するように設けられている。棒材加工物（図７（Ａ）で１９で示されている）が主軸８に共軸に、即ち、Ｚ１軸に共軸に主軸台１０を貫通している。主軸用コレットチャック装置９と棒材加工物１９とは主軸台１０に内蔵されたサーボモータ（図示せず）により所定方向へ所定速度で回転される。この棒材加工物１９は、主軸台１０が送り移動により主軸用コレットチャック装置９に案内されて主軸８から所定長さ繰り出される一方、主軸用コレットチャック装置９の回転停止、即ち、主軸８の回転停止によって回転が停止されるようになっている。棒材加工物１９の加工部とは、本発明においては、主軸８から繰り出され、本発明による傾斜穴加工を含み、ＮＣ旋盤で加工され製品１に成る部分をいい、図７及び８において参照番号２８で示されている。
【００２２】
主軸８の、主軸台１０と反対側に背面主軸台１２が設けられている。この背面主軸台１２にＺ１軸と平行でＺ１軸を含む垂直平面内にあるＺ２軸を有する背面主軸１３がＺ２軸を中心に回転するように装着されている（図３）。背面主軸台１２は、Ｚ２軸と平行なＺ３軸の方向へサーボモータ１４によって、また、Ｚ１軸を含む垂直平面、即ち、Ｚ１軸とＺ２軸とを含む平面内の、Ｚ１軸及びＺ２軸に直角な垂直軸であるＹ２軸の方向へサーボモータ１５によって移動可能になっており、従って、Ｚ３軸及びＹ２軸の二方向へ二次元的に移動できるようになっている。なお、背面主軸１３は背面主軸台１２と一体になって移動するので、以下、Ｚ３軸をＺ２軸に吸収して両者をＺ２軸ということにする。
【００２３】
主軸８と背面主軸台１２との間に刃物台１６が配設されている。この刃物台１６はＺ１軸及びＺ２軸に垂直方向に直角な（即ち、Ｙ２軸に平行な）Ｙ１軸と、Ｚ１軸及びＺ２軸並びにＹ２軸に直角に交差又は直交しかつＹ１軸に直交する水平なＸ軸との二方向へそれぞれサーボモータ１７，１８によって二次元的に移動可能になっている。刃物台１６及び背面主軸台１２は、本発明に基づく傾斜穴加工用の穿孔工具と共に、公知のＮＣ旋盤の場合と同様に、傾斜穴加工前に棒材加工物１９の加工部２８に施される、例えば、ターニング、横穴明け、ミーリングなどの加工を行う加工工具を取り付けるようになっている。また、刃物台１６に、後述の、本発明の傾斜穴加工用の溝切り工具４８（図７（Ａ））、加工部傾斜工具４９（図７（Ｂ））、エンドミル５０（図７（Ｃ））などの切断工具、及びドリル５１（図７（Ｄ））などの穿孔工具が装着されている。
【００２４】
図３は、背面主軸１３を共軸に装着した背面主軸台１２の主要部の軸断面図である。背面主軸１３がラジアル軸受２１及びアクシャル軸受２２を介して背面主軸台１２内に軸方向（Ｚ２軸方向）に不動に軸支されている。この背面主軸１３はそれに装着された歯車２３とこれに係合するギヤトレーンなどの回転伝達機構（公知のものと同様のものを用い、図示せず）を介して背面主軸台１２に内蔵されたサーボモータ（図示せず）によって、Ｚ２軸を中心にして所定方向へ所定速度で回転されると共に、回転方向の所定位置に停止できるようになっている。以下、背面主軸台１２及び背面主軸１３とこれらに設けられる部材について、主軸８側、並びに、主軸８側の端及び端部を、それぞれ、前側、前端及び前端部と呼び、主軸８と反対側、並びに、主軸８の反対側の端及び端部を、それぞれ、後側、後端及び後端部と呼ぶ。
【００２５】
背面主軸１３は、軸受２１，２２に支承されている支承筒部２４と、その前端側の、背面主軸台１２の前端から主軸８の方へ突出する増径筒部２５とを有する。
【００２６】
背面主軸１３に、背面主軸用コレットチャック装置２７（以下、単に「コレットチャック装置２７」という）が装着される。このコレットチャック装置２７は、コレットチャックスリーブ２９と、コレットチャック３０とコレットチャックナット３１とを有する。
【００２７】
コレットチャックスリーブ２９は、軸方向に共軸に摺動可能に背面主軸１３の支承筒部２４に挿入された円筒形の胴部３３と、その前側の増径された円錐台形の押圧面（テーパ面）３４を持つヘッド部３５とを有する。ヘッド部３５の後端部外周に縦溝３６が形成され、ピン３７によって、コレットチャックスリーブ２９が背面主軸１３に対して軸方向には移動するが回転しない（即ち、背面主軸１３と共に回転する）ようになっている。なお、コレットチャックスリーブ２９と胴部３３とコレットチャック装置２７とコレットチャック３０との中心線は背面主軸１３のＺ２軸に一致するので、これらの中心線もＺ２軸と表記することにする。
【００２８】
コレットチャック３０は、コレットチャックスリーブ２９に軸方向に共軸に摺動可能に挿入される円筒形の胴部３８と、この前側に形成され三ツ割爪状の弾性を持つ加工部口径部（以下、「口径部」という）３９を有する。口径部３９の前側外周部にコレットチャックスリーブ２９の押圧面３４に向く円錐台状のテーパ面４０が形成されている。後述のように、コレットチャックスリーブ２９が後退して押圧面３４がテーパ面４０から離間している場合は、コレットチャック３０の口径部３９は弾性的に拡径してそのテーパ面４０の角度はコレットチャックスリーブ２９の押圧面３４の角度よりも若干大きくなるが、コレットチャックスリーブ２９が前進して、その押圧面３４がコレットチャック３０のテーパ面４０を押圧した場合は、テーパ面４０は押圧面３４と相補的な形状になる。
【００２９】
図３、４、５及び６を参照して、コレットチャック３０は、口径部３９内に、加工部２８に形成される傾斜穴５の傾斜角αに実質的に等しい傾斜角βでＺ２軸と交わる中心線４１を有する円筒穴状の把持面４２が形成されている。そして、中心線４１とＺ２軸との交点Ｐは、加工部２８を後述のようにコレットチャック３０が把持した時に、加工部２８の中心線（図１の製品１の中心線７に同じ）とそれに形成される傾斜穴５の中心線６との交点Ｏに一致するように形成される。
【００３０】
図３へ戻って、コレットチャック３０の後端とコレットチャックスリーブ２９の後端部内部の肩部４３との間に圧縮コイルばね４４を設けている。この圧縮コイルばね４４は、コレットチャックスリーブ２９に対してコレットチャック３０を前方へ付勢して、コレットチャック３０の口径部３９のテーパ部４０の基準面４６を、コレットチャックナット３１の圧接面４７に常時当接させている。
【００３１】
背面主軸１３にその後側から、押し棒４５が、従来のＮＣ装置の場合と同様に、図示しない駆動装置により、軸方向に往復動可能に挿入されている。図３においては、押し棒４５は後退しており、この状態で、圧縮コイルばね４４の付勢力によってコレットチャックスリーブ２９も後退して、コレットチャックスリーブ２９の押圧面３４がコレットチャック３０のテーパ面４０からＺ２軸の後方へ離間し、コレットチャック３０の口径部３９を解放するいわゆるアンクランプの状態になっている。
【００３２】
押し棒４５が前進されると、圧縮コイルばね４４の付勢力に抗してコレットチャックスリーブ２９が前進し、コレットチャックスリーブ２９の押圧面３４がコレットチャック３０のテーパ面４０を押圧して、このテーパ面４０を押圧面３４に実質的に相補的になるように圧接し、後に述べる加工部２８を把持するように口径部３９を縮径し、いわゆるクランプの状態にする。
【００３３】
以下、図７の傾斜穴加工工程と、加工部傾斜工具の正面図である図８と、図７の加工工程と、これに対応するフローチャートである図９に基づいて本発明の傾斜穴加工方法について説明する。
【００３４】
図９に示すステップ１において、主軸台１０（図２）を送り駆動し、図７（Ａ）に示すように、棒材加工部１９を主軸８から加工部２８として送り出すと共に、加工部２８に傾斜穴５以外の加工を行う。主軸８から送り出された加工部２８の長さ（即ち、主軸８からの棒材加工物１９の繰り出し長さ）は、製品１に成るべき長さＬとステップ２の溝加工用の溝幅との和に実質的に等しい。
【００３５】
ついで、ステップ２に移り、棒材加工物１９と共に加工部２８を回転させた状態で、図７（Ａ）に示すように、加工部２８の先端から長さＬの部分２０（「首部２０」という）を、ステップ４で、加工部２８を傾斜させるのに十分な直径になるまで、刃物台１６に取り付けられた溝切り工具４８で溝切りを行う。
【００３６】
次に、ステップ３に移り、主軸８の回転を停止し、加工部２８の回転をも停止させる。傾斜穴５とその他の加工との関係で加工部２８の回転方向の停止位置が定まっている場合には、公知のＮＣ旋盤の主軸の停止機構と同様な停止機構を用いて主軸８をその位置に停止させることができる。
【００３７】
次のステップ４で、図７（Ｂ）に示すように、刃物台１６に取り付けた加工部傾斜工具４９で加工部２８を傾斜させる。この加工部傾斜工具４９は、図８に示すように二股のフォークになっており、このフォークで加工部２８を挟み、Ｙ１軸の一方向へ（図では上方）へ押し、Ｚ１軸に対して製品１の中心線６と傾斜穴５の中心線７との成す傾斜角αに実質的に等しい角度γだけ加工部２８を同方向へ傾斜させる。加工部傾斜工具４９は、加工部２８がステップ６で背面主軸１３に把持されるまで加工部２８を押したままになっている。
【００３８】
ステップ５において、背面主軸１３に装着されたコレットチャック３０をその把持面４２の中心線４１が主軸８に把持されている加工部２８に形成されるべき傾斜穴５の中心線６に整合させるように背面主軸台１２により設定する。ついで、ステップ６に移り、背面主軸台１２によって背面主軸１３をＺ２軸の主軸８の方向へ移動させてコレットチャック３０の把持面４２で加工部２８を受け、後退位置にある押し棒４５を前進させてコレットチャック３０の口径部３９を閉じて、図７（Ｃ）に示すように、この口径部３９で加工部２８を把持する。
【００３９】
次に、ステップ７に移り、エンドミル５０などの切断工具で加工部２８の首部２０を切断し、加工部２８を棒材加工物１９から切り離す。そして、背面主軸台１２を後退して背面主軸１３を加工部２８と共に後退させる。
【００４０】
図７（Ｄ）において、５１はＺ２軸に平行になるように刃物台１６に取り付けられたドリルであり、形成されるべき傾斜部分穴２，３，４の内の対応のものの穴径に相当する直径を持っている。この場合、図７（Ｄ）ではドリル５１は一本のみが示されているが、傾斜部分穴の数に応じた本数のドリルが刃物台１６に取り付けられている。
【００４１】
ステップ８で、刃物台１６をＸ軸とＹ１軸方向へ移動して、ドリル５１の軸とコレットチャック３０に把持されいる加工部２８の中心線とを整合させる（即ち、両者をＺ２軸上に設定する）。ついで、ステップ９に移り、背面主軸１３と共に加工部２８をＺ２軸を中心にして回転させる。
【００４２】
次に、背面主軸台１２を前進して加工部２８を前進させ、ドリル５１で加工部２８に傾斜部分穴２，３，４の対応の一つを加工する。他の傾斜部分穴も順次に他のドリルで同様にして形成する。これによりステップ１０が実行され、加工部２８が製品１として完成する。
【００４３】
ステップ８−１０では、図７（Ｄ）を参照してドリル５１を用いて傾斜穴５を形成する例を示したが、ドリルに限らず、中ぐりバイトのような他の穿孔工具を用いることができる。例えば、中ぐりバイトを用いる場合、その刃先がＺ１軸から形成される傾斜部分穴の半径だけ離間するように、中ぐりバイトを刃物台１６に取り付ければよい。この場合、複数の傾斜部分穴を一本の中ぐりバイトで形成できるため、穿孔工具数を減少させることができるという重要な利点がある。
【００４４】
傾斜穴５形成後は、ステップ１１に示すように、背面主軸１３の回転を停止し、押し棒４５を後退させて、次のステップ１２で、コレットチャック３０の口径部３９を開いて、加工部２８に傾斜穴５が形成されて製品１になったものを口径部３９から解放する。かくて、傾斜穴加工の１サイクルが完了する。
【００４５】
最後に、ステップ１３で、引き続いて次の傾斜穴の加工があるかないかがチェックされて、それがあれば、ステップ１へ戻り、傾斜穴加工が繰り返される。それがないと、傾斜穴加工は終了する。
【００４６】
以上では、加工部に傾斜穴を形成するためにこの加工部をくわえ直す把持装置としてコレットチャックを用いて説明したが、本発明ではコレットチャックに限定されるものでなく、加工部を適切に把持できる他の任意のチャックであってもよい。主軸用コレットチャック装置も他の任意の適切なコレットチャックに換えることができる。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
加工部に形成すべき傾斜穴の傾斜角に実質的に等しい傾斜角を有する把持面を背面主軸用のチャックの口径部内に形成したことにより、穿孔工具を刃物台に傾斜穴の傾斜角に対応して傾斜して取り付けることを必要とせず、かつ、穿孔工具を回転させる必要もないので、傾斜穴の加工方法及び傾斜穴加工用のＮＣ旋盤の構造が簡単になり、加工費及びＮＣ旋盤のコストの低減を図ることができるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】傾斜穴が形成された製品の軸縦断面図である。
【図２】本発明に使用されるＮＣ旋盤の一実施形態の斜視図である。
【図３】背面主軸用コレットチャック装置を装着した背面主軸の主要部の軸縦断面図である。
【図４】背面主軸用コレットチャックの一実施形態の側面図である。
【図５】図４の背面主軸用コレットチャックの正面図である。
【図６】図４の背面主軸用コレットチャックの軸縦断面図である。
【図７】傾斜穴加工の工程を示し、（Ａ）は溝切り加工工程を、（Ｂ）は加工部傾斜工程を、（Ｃ）は背面主軸コレットチャックによる加工部の把持と加工部の切断工程を、（Ｄ）はドリルによる傾斜部分穴加工工程を示す。
【図８】加工部傾斜工具の正面図である。
【図９】傾斜穴加工のフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
１製品
２，３，４傾斜部分穴
５傾斜穴
６，７中心線
８主軸
９主軸用コレットチャック装置
１０主軸台
１１ベッド
１２背面主軸台
１３背面主軸
１４，１５サーボモータ
１６刃物台
１７，１８サーボモータ
１９棒材加工物
２０首部
２１ラジアル軸受
２２アクシャル軸受
２３歯車
２４支承筒部
２５増径筒部
２６フランジ
２７（背面主軸用）コレットチャック装置
２８加工部
２９コレットチャックスリーブ
３０コレットチャック
３１コレットチャックナット
３３胴部
３４押圧面（テーパ面）
３５ヘッド部
３６縦溝
３７ピン
３８胴部
３９加工部口径部（口径部）
４０テーパ面
４１中心線
４２把持面
４３肩部
４４圧縮コイルばね
４５押し棒
４６基準面
４７圧接面
４８溝切り工具
４９加工部傾斜工具
５０エンドミル（切断工具）
５１ドリル（穿孔工具）
Ｌ（加工部の）長さ
Ｏ，Ｐ交点
Ｘ軸
Ｙ１，Ｙ２軸
Ｚ１，Ｚ２，Ｚ３軸
α，β，γ 傾斜角[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is inclined hole drilling process for machining an inclined hole in the processing unit by using the NC lathe, about the inclined drilling chuck which is used to tilt drilling NC lathes and NC lathe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an NC lathe for machining bar workpieces, a main spindle, a main spindle, a tool post, and a rear main spindle mounted with a rear main spindle are sequentially arranged on a bed. The main shaft has a horizontal shaft, and can receive the bar workpiece fed from the head stock slidably on the common shaft, rotate it, and stop it at a predetermined position in the rotation direction when necessary. The back spindle head is a vertical axis that is so that the axis of the back spindle is parallel to the axis of the spindle, the back spindle is in the axial direction, and in a vertical plane including the axis of the spindle, and perpendicular to the axis of the back spindle It can be moved two-dimensionally in two directions. The tool post is between the main spindle and the rear main spindle, and is in a plane defined by two axes, a horizontal axis perpendicular to or perpendicular to the principal axis and a vertical axis perpendicular to or perpendicular to the principal axis. Can be moved two-dimensionally.
[0003]
Conventionally, in NC lathes, a hole with a center line inclined from the center line to the machined part of a bar workpiece that has been fed from the spindle (hereinafter referred to as an “inclined hole”). In this case, a chuck (for example, a collet chuck) having an axis coaxial with the center line of the processing portion gripping surface is used. Therefore, when drilling holes, drilling tools such as drills must be attached to the turret so that the drill feed direction matches the inclination angle of the inclined holes, making it easy to secure the inclination angle. In addition to this, there is a problem that it takes a lot of man-hours to mount the tool and the drilling tool must be replaced with the tool post each time the machining is performed at different inclination angles.
[0004]
Furthermore, in the conventional case, in order to form such an inclined hole, since the rotation of the back spindle has to be stopped and the drilling tool must be rotated, all the drilling tools are rotated, and the drilling tool is placed on the tool post. A rotating mechanism that rotates each of them appropriately must be used, and the structure of the NC lathe could not be simplified and the cost could not be reduced for forming the inclined hole. In addition, the back spindle is usually rotatable. However, since the processed portion is gripped coaxially with the back main shaft, the inclined hole cannot be processed if the processed portion is rotated. Therefore, it has been necessary to stop the rotation of the back spindle and stop the rotation of the machining part, and instead rotate the drilling tool. Therefore, there has been a problem that the precious function of rotating the back spindle cannot be utilized.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to form a desired inclined hole in a machining portion by simply fixing each drilling tool to a tool post so as to be oriented parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft without tilting with respect to the axial direction of the main shaft. An object of the present invention is to provide an inclined hole machining method using an NC lathe that can be opened, an inclined NC machining lathe, and an inclined hole machining chuck used for an NC lathe. Furthermore, an inclined lathe drilling method using an NC lathe that improves machining efficiency and reduces costs by machining an inclined hole by rotating the back spindle without rotating the drilling tool, an NC lathe for inclined hole machining, and an NC lathe. An object of the present invention is to provide a chuck for machining an inclined hole.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the inclined hole machining method using an NC lathe according to the present invention includes the following steps.
[0007]
First, the processed part of the bar workpiece that has been drawn out from the main shaft by a predetermined length is inclined substantially equal to the inclination angle formed by the center line of the processed part and the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the processed part.
[0008]
A chuck in which a cylindrical processing portion gripping surface whose center line is substantially inclined by the inclination angle with respect to its own axis is formed with the direction of the axis parallel to the axis of the main axis and the direction of this parallel axis. The machined part is machined by fitting it coaxially to the back spindle that can be moved two-dimensionally in two directions, perpendicular to the machine, and making the center line of the processing part gripping surface substantially coincide with the center line of the processing part. Grip on the gripping surface. Thereafter, the processed part is cut from the bar workpiece. At this time, the drilling tool is set so that the drilling feed direction thereof coincides with the center line of the processing part gripping surface, and consequently the center line of the processing part gripped by the drilling tool.
[0009]
Next, the drilling tool and the chuck are rotated relative to each other about the axis of the back main shaft, and the drilling tool is relatively inserted along the center line in the processing portion to form an inclined hole. The machining part is released from the chuck of the back spindle, and one cycle of the inclined hole machining process of the product with the inclined hole is completed.
[0010]
It is desirable to groov the neck of the processed portion to a predetermined diameter to such an extent that the processed portion can be inclined at a desired angle.
[0011]
Furthermore, it is highly desirable to provide the drilling tool non-rotating and rotating the chuck about its axis.
An inclined hole machining chuck used in an inclined hole machining method using an NC lathe according to the present invention forms a machined portion of a bar workpiece, which is drawn out from a main shaft by a predetermined length, on the center line of the machined portion and the machined portion. Tilted substantially equal to the tilt angle formed by the center line of the tilted hole to be made, and the processed portion of the bar workpiece is perpendicular to the direction of the axis parallel to the axis of the main axis Gripping is performed on the back spindle side that can be moved two-dimensionally in two directions, and the machined part is cut from the bar workpiece, and a drilling tool is formed in the machined part in the drilling feed direction. The drilling tool and the machining portion are set to coincide with the center line of the inclined hole, and the drilling tool and the machining portion are rotated relative to each other about the axis of the back spindle, and the machining portion to be formed NC lathe for forming the inclined hole by relatively inserting the drilling tool along the center line of the inclined hole A gradient drilling chuck which is used to tilt the drilling process by,
A cylindrical processed part gripping surface whose center line is substantially inclined by the inclination angle with respect to its own axis is formed, fitted coaxially to the back main axis, and the centerline of the processed part gripping surface is The processing portion is gripped by the processing portion gripping surface so as to substantially coincide with the center line of the processing portion.
[0012]
An inclined lathe NC lathe for achieving the object of the present invention is configured as follows.
[0013]
A main shaft for rotating the bar workpiece is provided, and it has an axis parallel to the axis of the main shaft, and can be moved toward and away from the main axis along this axis and in a first direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft. In addition, the back main shaft is provided on the side that is fed out from the main shaft of the bar workpiece so that it can stop at a position in the desired rotation direction, and the first direction, the back main shaft axis, and the first direction are between the main shaft and the back main shaft. A tool post that is relatively movable in two directions perpendicular to the second direction is provided, and a chuck for gripping a processing portion consisting of a feeding portion from the main shaft of the bar workpiece is fitted coaxially to the rear main shaft. Based on the NC lathe.
[0014]
In this NC lathe, the back spindle chuck has a cylindrical processed part gripping surface. The inclination angle between the chuck axis for the back spindle and the center line of the processing part gripping surface is set to be substantially equal to the inclination angle formed by the center line of the processing part and the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in this processing part. Has been. Then, a working part tilting tool for tilting the processing part is provided on the tool post so that the center line of the processing part is inclined in the first direction by the tilt angle from the axis of the main spindle, and the drilling tool is opposed to the rear main spindle. Provided on the tool post, provided with a cutting tool for cutting off the processing part from the bar workpiece, and provided with a rotating device for relatively rotating the back spindle and the drilling tool around the axis of the back spindle. .
[0015]
In this configuration, when the distance between the back spindle and the drilling tool is reduced along the axis of the back spindle while rotating relatively between the back spindle and the drilling tool by the rotating device, the chuck mounted on the back spindle An inclined hole can be formed in the gripped processing portion.
[0016]
It is desirable to provide the tool post with a grooving tool for grooving the bar workpiece to a predetermined diameter.
[0017]
It is highly desirable that the drilling tool is immovably mounted on the tool post and that the rotating device allows the back spindle to rotate about that axis. The chuck is preferably of a rotary type.
[0018]
An inclined hole machining chuck used in an NC lathe according to the present invention has a main axis for rotating a bar workpiece and an axis parallel to the axis of the main axis, and is relative to the main axis along the parallel axis. Side of the bar work so that it can be moved in a first direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft and can stop rotating at a predetermined rotational position. The main shaft is provided on the rear surface of the main shaft, and the main shaft and the main shaft of the back surface can be moved relative to each other in two directions, the first direction and the second direction perpendicular to the first direction and the main shaft of the back surface. And a center line of a processing portion comprising a feeding portion of the bar workpiece from the main shaft is inclined in the first direction by an inclination angle from the axis of the main shaft to the center line of the processing portion. A tool for tilting the machined part is provided on the tool post so as to incline the machined part so as to face the back spindle. A tool is provided on the tool post, a cutting tool for cutting off the processed portion from the bar workpiece is provided on the tool post, and the back spindle and the drilling tool are relatively positioned around the axis of the back spindle. A rotation device that performs a rotational rotation, and the rotation device causes a relative rotation between the back spindle and the drilling tool, and the distance between the back spindle and the drilling tool is set to the distance between the back spindle and the drilling tool. An inclined hole machining chuck used in an NC lathe for inclined hole machining that shrinks along the axis to form an inclined hole in the machining portion,
Cylindrical machining having a centerline that is coaxially fitted to the back spindle and that is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the inclination angle of the centerline of the inclined hole to be formed in the processing portion from its own axis. It is characterized by having a part gripping surface.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is an axial longitudinal sectional view of a product 1 in which inclined holes are formed by using an NC lathe, a machining method, and a collet chuck attached to a back spindle according to the present invention. The cylindrical product 1 is formed with inclined partial holes 2, 3 and 4 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “inclined holes 5”) having a plurality of inner diameters (three in FIG. 1). The center lines 3 and 4 are common to each other and are inclined at a predetermined angle (inclination angle) α (for example, 3 °) with respect to the center line 7 of the product 1. Centerlines 6 and 7 intersect at an intersection point O.
[0021]
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an NC lathe for machining an inclined hole in a machining part of a bar workpiece. The main shaft 8 has a horizontal Z1 axis and is fixed on the bed 11. A rotatable main shaft collet chuck device 9 is mounted on the main shaft 8 coaxially therewith. A headstock 10 is provided on one side of the main shaft 8 on the bed 11 so as to be concentric with the main shaft 8 and contact with and separate from the main shaft 8 with a predetermined stroke. A bar workpiece (shown at 19 in FIG. 7A) passes through the headstock 10 coaxially with the spindle 8, ie, coaxially with the Z1 axis. The spindle collet chuck device 9 and the bar workpiece 19 are rotated in a predetermined direction at a predetermined speed by a servo motor (not shown) incorporated in the spindle stock 10. This bar work 19 is guided by the spindle collet chuck device 9 by the feed movement and fed out from the spindle 8 by a predetermined length, while the spindle collet chuck device 9 stops rotating, that is, the spindle 8 The rotation is stopped by stopping the rotation. In the present invention, the processed portion of the bar work 19 refers to a portion that is fed from the main shaft 8 and includes the inclined hole processing according to the present invention, and is processed by an NC lathe to become the product 1, see FIGS. 7 and 8. This is indicated by the numeral 28.
[0022]
A back spindle stock 12 is provided on the opposite side of the spindle 8 from the spindle stock 10. A back spindle 13 having a Z2 axis parallel to the Z1 axis and in a vertical plane including the Z1 axis is mounted on the back spindle base 12 so as to rotate around the Z2 axis (FIG. 3). The rear headstock 12 is moved by the servo motor 14 in the direction of the Z3 axis parallel to the Z2 axis, and on the Z1 axis and the Z2 axis in the vertical plane including the Z1 axis, that is, the plane including the Z1 axis and the Z2 axis. It can be moved by the servo motor 15 in the direction of the Y2 axis, which is a perpendicular vertical axis, so that it can be moved two-dimensionally in the two directions of the Z3 axis and the Y2 axis. Since the back main shaft 13 moves together with the back main shaft 12, hereinafter, the Z3 axis is absorbed by the Z2 axis and both are referred to as the Z2 axis.
[0023]
A tool post 16 is disposed between the main spindle 8 and the rear main spindle 12. This turret 16 intersects or is perpendicular to the Z1 axis, the Z2 axis, and the Y1 axis perpendicular to the Z1 axis and the Z2 axis (ie, parallel to the Y2 axis), the Z1 axis, the Z2 axis, and the Y2 axis, and is orthogonal to the Y1 axis. The servomotors 17 and 18 can move two-dimensionally in two directions with respect to the horizontal X axis. The tool post 16 and the back headstock 12 are applied to the machining portion 28 of the bar work 19 before the inclined hole machining, together with the drilling tool for the inclined hole machining according to the present invention, as in the case of the known NC lathe. For example, machining tools for machining such as turning, side drilling, and milling are attached. Further, a grooving tool 48 (FIG. 7 (A)), a machining portion inclination tool 49 (FIG. 7 (B)), an end mill 50 (FIG. A cutting tool such as)) and a drilling tool such as a drill 51 (FIG. 7D) are mounted.
[0024]
FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the main part of the back spindle stock 12 with the back spindle 13 mounted coaxially. The back main shaft 13 is pivotally supported in the axial direction (Z2 axial direction) in the back main shaft 12 via a radial bearing 21 and an axial bearing 22. The back spindle 13 is a servo built in the back spindle base 12 through a gear 23 mounted on the back spindle 13 and a rotation transmission mechanism (not shown) such as a gear train engaged therewith. The motor (not shown) is rotated at a predetermined speed in a predetermined direction around the Z2 axis and can be stopped at a predetermined position in the rotation direction. Hereinafter, with respect to the back spindle stock 12 and the back spindle 13 and the members provided on them, the main shaft 8 side and the end and end on the main shaft 8 side are referred to as the front side, the front end, and the front end portion, respectively, and are opposite to the main shaft 8. In addition, the opposite end and end portion of the main shaft 8 are referred to as a rear side, a rear end, and a rear end portion, respectively.
[0025]
The back main shaft 13 has a support tube portion 24 supported by the bearings 21 and 22, and a diameter increasing tube portion 25 protruding from the front end of the back head stock 12 toward the main shaft 8 on the front end side thereof.
[0026]
The back spindle 13 is mounted with a back spindle collet chuck device 27 (hereinafter simply referred to as “collet chuck device 27”). The collet chuck device 27 includes a collet chuck sleeve 29, a collet chuck 30, and a collet chuck nut 31.
[0027]
The collet chuck sleeve 29 includes a cylindrical body portion 33 inserted into the support tube portion 24 of the rear main shaft 13 so as to be slidable coaxially in the axial direction, and a frustoconical pressure surface (tapered) having an increased diameter on the front side thereof. A head portion 35 having a surface 34). A vertical groove 36 is formed on the outer periphery of the rear end of the head portion 35, and the pin 37 causes the collet chuck sleeve 29 to move in the axial direction with respect to the back main shaft 13 but does not rotate (that is, rotates together with the back main shaft 13). It is like that. Since the center lines of the collet chuck sleeve 29, the body portion 33, the collet chuck device 27, and the collet chuck 30 coincide with the Z2 axis of the back main shaft 13, these center lines are also expressed as the Z2 axis.
[0028]
The collet chuck 30 includes a cylindrical body portion 38 that is inserted into the collet chuck sleeve 29 so as to be axially slidable, and a machining portion caliber portion formed on the front side thereof and having a three-part claw-like elasticity (hereinafter, referred to as “collet chuck portion”). 39) (referred to as “caliber”). A frustoconical tapered surface 40 facing the pressing surface 34 of the collet chuck sleeve 29 is formed on the outer peripheral portion on the front side of the aperture 39. As will be described later, when the collet chuck sleeve 29 is retracted and the pressing surface 34 is separated from the tapered surface 40, the diameter portion 39 of the collet chuck 30 is elastically expanded, and the angle of the tapered surface 40 is Although slightly larger than the angle of the pressing surface 34 of the collet chuck sleeve 29, when the collet chuck sleeve 29 advances and the pressing surface 34 presses the tapered surface 40 of the collet chuck 30, the tapered surface 40 becomes the pressing surface. 34 and a complementary shape.
[0029]
Referring to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the collet chuck 30 has a Z2 axis at an inclination angle β substantially equal to the inclination angle α of the inclined hole 5 formed in the machining portion 28 in the bore portion 39. A cylindrical hole-shaped gripping surface 42 having an intersecting center line 41 is formed. The intersection P between the center line 41 and the Z2 axis is the center line of the processing portion 28 (same as the center line 7 of the product 1 in FIG. 1) when the processing portion 28 is gripped by the collet chuck 30 as described later. It is formed so as to coincide with the intersection point O with the center line 6 of the inclined hole 5 formed thereon.
[0030]
Returning to FIG. 3, a compression coil spring 44 is provided between the rear end of the collet chuck 30 and the shoulder 43 inside the rear end of the collet chuck sleeve 29. The compression coil spring 44 urges the collet chuck 30 forward with respect to the collet chuck sleeve 29 so that the reference surface 46 of the tapered portion 40 of the caliber portion 39 of the collet chuck 30 is brought into contact with the pressure contact surface 47 of the collet chuck nut 31. Is always in contact.
[0031]
A push rod 45 is inserted into the rear main shaft 13 from the rear side thereof so as to be reciprocally movable in the axial direction by a drive device (not shown), as in the case of a conventional NC device. In FIG. 3, the push rod 45 is retracted. In this state, the collet chuck sleeve 29 is also retracted by the biasing force of the compression coil spring 44, and the pressing surface 34 of the collet chuck sleeve 29 is the tapered surface of the collet chuck 30. It is in a so-called unclamping state in which it is separated from the rear of the Z2 axis from 40 and the aperture 39 of the collet chuck 30 is released.
[0032]
When the push bar 45 is advanced, the collet chuck sleeve 29 advances against the urging force of the compression coil spring 44, and the pressing surface 34 of the collet chuck sleeve 29 presses the tapered surface 40 of the collet chuck 30. The tapered surface 40 is brought into pressure contact with the pressing surface 34 so as to be substantially complementary, and the diameter portion 39 is reduced so as to grip a processed portion 28 described later, so that a so-called clamped state is obtained.
[0033]
Hereinafter, the inclined hole machining method of the present invention based on the inclined hole machining step of FIG. 7, FIG. 8 which is a front view of the machining portion inclined tool, the machining step of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 which is a flowchart corresponding thereto. Will be described.
[0034]
In Step 1 shown in FIG. 9, the headstock 10 (FIG. 2) is fed and driven, and as shown in FIG. 7A, the bar material processing portion 19 is sent out from the main shaft 8 as the processing portion 28, and to the processing portion 28. Processing other than the inclined hole 5 is performed. The length of the processed portion 28 fed from the main shaft 8 (that is, the feed length of the bar workpiece 19 from the main shaft 8) is the length L to be formed in the product 1 and the groove width for the groove processing in step 2. Is substantially equal to the sum of
[0035]
Next, the process proceeds to Step 2, and the portion 20 ("neck portion 20") having a length L from the front end of the processed portion 28 as shown in FIG. In step 4, grooving is performed with a grooving tool 48 attached to the tool post 16 until the diameter becomes sufficient to incline the processing portion 28.
[0036]
Next, the process proceeds to step 3 where the rotation of the main shaft 8 is stopped and the rotation of the machining unit 28 is also stopped. When the stop position in the rotation direction of the machining portion 28 is determined in relation to the inclined hole 5 and other machining, the spindle 8 is moved to the position by using a stop mechanism similar to the stop mechanism of the spindle of a known NC lathe. Can be stopped.
[0037]
In the next step 4, as shown in FIG. 7B, the machining portion 28 is tilted by the machining portion tilting tool 49 attached to the tool post 16. As shown in FIG. 8, the machining section tilting tool 49 is a bifurcated fork. The fork is sandwiched between the machining section 28 and pushed in one direction (upward in the figure) of the Y1 axis, with respect to the Z1 axis. The processed part 28 is inclined in the same direction by an angle γ substantially equal to the inclination angle α formed by the center line 6 of the product 1 and the center line 7 of the inclined hole 5. The machining section tilting tool 49 keeps pushing the machining section 28 until the machining section 28 is gripped by the back spindle 13 in step 6.
[0038]
In step 5, the collet chuck 30 mounted on the back main shaft 13 is aligned with the center line 6 of the inclined hole 5 to be formed in the processing portion 28 gripped by the main shaft 8. Is set by the rear headstock 12. Next, the process proceeds to step 6 where the back spindle 13 is moved in the direction of the Z2 spindle 8 by the back spindle base 12 to receive the processed portion 28 by the gripping surface 42 of the collet chuck 30 and advance the push rod 45 in the retracted position. Then, the aperture portion 39 of the collet chuck 30 is closed, and the processing portion 28 is gripped by the aperture portion 39 as shown in FIG.
[0039]
Next, the process proceeds to step 7 where the neck 20 of the processing unit 28 is cut with a cutting tool such as an end mill 50, and the processing unit 28 is separated from the bar workpiece 19. Then, the back spindle stock 12 is retracted, and the back spindle 13 is retracted together with the processing portion 28.
[0040]
In FIG. 7 (D), 51 is a drill attached to the tool post 16 so as to be parallel to the Z2 axis, and corresponds to the diameter of the corresponding one of the inclined partial holes 2, 3 and 4 to be formed. Have a diameter to do. In this case, only one drill 51 is shown in FIG. 7D, but the number of drills corresponding to the number of inclined partial holes is attached to the tool post 16.
[0041]
In step 8, the tool post 16 is moved in the X-axis and Y1-axis directions so that the axis of the drill 51 and the center line of the processing portion 28 held by the collet chuck 30 are aligned (that is, both are on the Z2 axis). Set). Next, the process proceeds to step 9 where the processed portion 28 is rotated about the Z2 axis together with the back main shaft 13.
[0042]
Next, the back spindle stock 12 is advanced to advance the processing portion 28, and one of the corresponding inclined partial holes 2, 3, 4 is processed in the processing portion 28 with the drill 51. Other inclined partial holes are formed in the same manner with other drills in order. Thereby, Step 10 is executed, and the processing unit 28 is completed as the product 1.
[0043]
In Step 8-10, an example in which the inclined hole 5 is formed by using the drill 51 with reference to FIG. 7D has been shown. However, not only the drill but also another drilling tool such as a boring tool is used. Can do. For example, when a boring tool is used, the boring tool may be attached to the tool post 16 so that the cutting edge is separated by the radius of the inclined partial hole formed from the Z1 axis. In this case, since a plurality of inclined partial holes can be formed by one boring tool, there is an important advantage that the number of drilling tools can be reduced.
[0044]
After the inclined hole 5 is formed, as shown in step 11, the rotation of the back main shaft 13 is stopped, the push rod 45 is retracted, and in the next step 12, the aperture 39 of the collet chuck 30 is opened, and the processing portion An inclined hole 5 is formed in 28 and the product 1 is released from the caliber 39. Thus, one cycle of inclined hole machining is completed.
[0045]
Finally, it is checked in step 13 whether there is a subsequent machining of the next inclined hole, and if there is, the process returns to step 1 and the inclined hole machining is repeated. If it does not exist, the inclined hole machining is finished.
[0046]
In the above description, the collet chuck has been described as a gripping device that re-adds the processed portion in order to form an inclined hole in the processed portion. However, the present invention is not limited to the collet chuck, and the processed portion is appropriately gripped. Any other possible chuck may be used. The collet chuck device for the spindle can be replaced with any other suitable collet chuck.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
A gripping surface with an inclination angle substantially equal to the inclination angle of the inclined hole to be formed in the machined part is formed in the diameter part of the chuck for the back spindle, so that the drilling tool can be used on the tool post in accordance with the inclination angle of the inclined hole. Therefore, since it is not necessary to install with an inclination and no need to rotate the drilling tool, the machining method of the inclined hole and the structure of the NC lathe for machining the inclined hole are simplified, and the machining cost and the NC lathe There is an effect that the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an axial longitudinal sectional view of a product in which inclined holes are formed.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an NC lathe used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an axial longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a back spindle equipped with a back spindle collet chuck device;
FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of a collet chuck for a back spindle.
5 is a front view of the collet chuck for the back spindle in FIG. 4. FIG.
6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the collet chuck for the back main shaft in FIG. 4;
7A and 7B show an inclined hole machining process, where FIG. 7A shows a grooving process, FIG. 7B shows a machining part inclination process, and FIG. 7C shows gripping of the machining part by a back spindle collet chuck and cutting of the machining part. Step (D) shows an inclined partial hole machining step using a drill.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a machining unit tilting tool.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of inclined hole machining.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Product 2, 3, 4 Inclined partial hole 5 Inclined hole 6, 7 Center line 8 Main shaft 9 Main shaft collet chuck device 10 Main shaft base 11 Bed 12 Rear main shaft base 13 Rear main shaft 14, 15 Servo motor 16 Tool post 17, 18 Servo Motor 19 Bar material workpiece 20 Neck portion 21 Radial bearing 22 Axial bearing 23 Gear 24 Bearing cylinder portion 25 Diameter increasing cylinder portion 26 Flange 27 Collet chuck device 28 Processing portion 29 Collet chuck sleeve 30 Collet chuck 31 Collet chuck nut 33 trunk 34 pressing surface (tapered surface)
35 Head part 36 Vertical groove 37 Pin 38 Body part 39 Machining part caliber part (caliber part)
40 Tapered surface 41 Center line 42 Gripping surface 43 Shoulder portion 44 Compression coil spring 45 Push rod 46 Reference surface 47 Pressure contact surface 48 Grooving tool 49 Machining portion inclination tool 50 End mill (cutting tool)
51 Drill (drilling tool)
L (machined part) length O, P intersection X axis Y1, Y2 axis Z1, Z2, Z3 axis α, β, γ tilt angle

Claims

Inclining the processed portion of the bar workpiece that has been drawn out from the main shaft by a predetermined length substantially equal to the inclination angle formed by the center line of the processed portion and the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the processed portion,
A chuck in which a cylindrical processed part gripping surface having a center line substantially inclined by the inclination angle with respect to its own axis is formed in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft and a direction of the parallel axis. A back spindle that can be moved two-dimensionally in two directions with a perpendicular direction is fitted coaxially, and the center line of the processed part gripping surface is substantially aligned with the center line of the processed part. Grip the processing part with the gripping surface of the processing part,
Cutting the processed part from the bar workpiece,
The drilling tool is set so that its drilling feed direction coincides with the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the processing part gripped by the processing part gripping surface of the chuck;
The drilling tool and the chuck are rotated relative to each other about the axis of the back main shaft, and the drilling tool is relatively inserted along the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the processing portion. Then, the inclined hole is formed by using an NC lathe.

2. The inclined hole machining method using an NC lathe according to claim 1, wherein the neck of the machined part is grooved to a predetermined diameter to an extent that the machined part can be inclined.

The inclined hole machining method using an NC lathe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drilling tool is provided non-rotatingly and the chuck is rotated about its axis.

Inclining the processed portion of the bar workpiece that has been drawn out from the main shaft by a predetermined length substantially equal to the inclination angle formed by the center line of the processed portion and the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the processed portion,
Gripping the processed portion of the bar workpiece on the back spindle side which can be moved two-dimensionally in two directions, a direction parallel to the axis of the spindle and a direction perpendicular to the direction of the parallel axis;
Cutting the processed part from the bar workpiece,
Setting the drilling tool such that its drilling feed direction coincides with the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the machined part;
The drilling tool and the processing portion are rotated relative to each other about the axis of the back main shaft, and the drilling tool is relatively moved along the center line of the inclined hole to be formed in the processing portion. An inclined hole machining chuck used in an inclined hole machining method by an NC lathe to insert and form the inclined hole,
A cylindrical processed part gripping surface whose center line is substantially inclined with respect to its own axis by the inclination angle is formed,
The rear spindle is fitted coaxially,
Used in an inclined hole machining method with an NC lathe characterized in that the center line of the processing part gripping surface is substantially matched with the center line of the processing part and the processing part is gripped by the processing part gripping surface Inclined hole machining chuck.

A spindle that rotates the bar workpiece,
The main shaft has an axis parallel to the main shaft, and can be moved toward and away from the main shaft along the parallel axis in a first direction perpendicular to the main shaft and in a predetermined rotational direction. A back spindle provided on the side of the bar workpiece that is fed out from the spindle so that rotation can be stopped at
A tool post that is relatively movable in two directions, the first direction and the second direction perpendicular to the first direction and the axis of the rear main shaft, between the main shaft and the rear main shaft;
In an NC lathe formed by fitting a chuck for gripping a processed part composed of a feeding part from the main shaft of the bar workpiece to the rear main shaft,
The chuck has a cylindrical work part having a center line inclined from the axis at an angle substantially equal to an inclination angle of a center line of an inclined hole to be formed in the work part with respect to a center line of the work part. Having a gripping surface,
A tool for inclining the processing part for inclining the processing part so that the center line of the processing part inclines in the first direction from the axis of the main shaft by the inclination angle;
A drilling tool is provided on the tool post facing the back spindle,
A cutting tool for cutting off the processed portion from the bar workpiece is provided on the tool post,
Providing a rotating device for rotating the back spindle and the drilling tool relative to each other about the axis of the back spindle;
The rotating device is mounted on the back spindle by reducing the distance between the back spindle and the drilling tool along the axis of the back spindle while relatively rotating between the back spindle and the drilling tool. An NC lathe for machining an inclined hole, characterized in that an inclined hole is formed in the processed part held by the chuck.

6. The NC lathe for machining an inclined hole according to claim 5 , wherein a grooving tool for grooving the bar workpiece to a predetermined diameter is provided on the tool post.

The NC lathe for machining an inclined hole according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the drilling tool is immovably provided on the tool post, and the rotating device rotates the back spindle about the axis.

The inclined lathe NC lathe according to any one of claims 5 to 7 , wherein the chuck is a rotary chuck rotated by the rotating device.

A spindle that rotates the bar workpiece,
The main shaft has an axis parallel to the main shaft, and can be moved toward and away from the main shaft along the parallel axis in a first direction perpendicular to the main shaft and in a predetermined rotational direction. A back spindle provided on the side of the bar workpiece that is fed out from the spindle so that rotation can be stopped at
A tool post that is relatively movable in two directions, the first direction and the second direction perpendicular to the first direction and the axis of the rear main shaft, between the main shaft and the rear main shaft;
Inclining the machined portion so that the center line of the machined portion consisting of the feeding portion of the bar workpiece from the spindle is inclined in the first direction from the axis of the spindle with respect to the centerline of the machined portion. Providing the tool post with a machining part tilting tool,
A drilling tool is provided on the tool post facing the back spindle,
A cutting tool for cutting off the processed portion from the bar workpiece is provided on the tool post,
Providing a rotating device for rotating the back spindle and the drilling tool relative to each other about the axis of the back spindle;
While the relative rotation between the back spindle and the drilling tool is caused by the rotating device, the distance between the back spindle and the drilling tool is reduced along the axis of the back spindle and inclined to the processing portion. An inclined hole machining chuck used in an NC lathe for machining inclined holes for forming holes,
Cylindrical machining having a centerline that is coaxially fitted to the back spindle and that is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the inclination angle of the centerline of the inclined hole to be formed in the processing portion from its own axis. An inclined hole machining chuck used for an NC lathe characterized by having a gripping surface .