JP3613882B2 - High speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarn - Google Patents

High speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarn Download PDF

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JP3613882B2
JP3613882B2 JP07379896A JP7379896A JP3613882B2 JP 3613882 B2 JP3613882 B2 JP 3613882B2 JP 07379896 A JP07379896 A JP 07379896A JP 7379896 A JP7379896 A JP 7379896A JP 3613882 B2 JP3613882 B2 JP 3613882B2
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Prior art keywords
spinning method
discharge
polymer
yarn
speed
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JPH09268428A (en
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範 松原
潔 赤澤
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法に関し、さらに詳しくは口金吐出部でのポリマーの吐出安定性を高め、操業安定性に優れた高生産性のポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリアミドなどの合成繊維糸条の溶融紡糸方法では、口金から吐出されるポリマーから低分子体(モノマー,オリゴマーなど)が昇華し、それが吐出孔周辺に析出したり、またポリマーに添加された酸化チタンなどの艶消剤や重合触媒などが吐出孔周辺に析出して、経時的に吐出孔周辺に汚れとして蓄積する。また、一般に溶融紡糸口金の表面には、吐出孔から吐出するポリマーの離型性を高めるため、シリコーンなどの離型剤を塗布するようにしている。しかし、このシリコーンは永久に離型性を保持するわけではなく、高温の雰囲気下で経時的に熱劣化や酸化劣化を起こして、遂にゲル状態になる。
【0003】
上述のように口金の吐出孔周辺の汚れの蓄積やゲル化した離型剤は、口金から吐出されるポリマーの流れを不安定にし、曲がりを生じさせたりする。このポリマーの曲がりなどの傾向が極端になると、ポリマーが口金面に不連続的に張り付いたり、ピクツキを生じたりし、糸斑や巻き取り状態の変動による糸切れを誘発するようになる。
【0004】
したがって、合成繊維糸条の溶融紡糸方法では、上記のような製糸性悪化が発生する前に定期的に口金面の清掃を実施するようにしているのが普通である。しかし、口金面の清掃は、生産を一時的に中断して行わなければならないため、その清掃周期が短くなればなるほど生産性が低下することになる。
しかるに、近年のポリアミド繊維の溶融紡糸法は、生産性の向上のために、口金から吐出した糸条を2000m/分以上の高速で引き取る、いわゆる高速紡糸法が幅広く実施されるようになってきている。しかし、このような高速紡糸法では、口金から吐出されるポリマー量が多いため、吐出孔周辺の汚れの蓄積速度も早く、その結果として口金面の清掃周期が短縮され、生産性の向上にも限界があるとされていた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、2000m/分以上で引き取る高速の溶融紡糸法において、口金面の清掃周期を延長可能にすることにより生産性を向上可能にしたポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成する本発明によるポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法は、溶融したポリアミドを、吐出孔に導くまでの間に孔径を絞って背面圧を補償するゾーンを設けた口金から吐出して2000m/分以上の高速で引取り、繊度10〜500デニールの糸条を得る溶融紡糸方法であって、前記口金から吐出するポリアミドの吐出線速度V1 (m/分)を下記(I)式にし、同時に該吐出線速度V1 (m/分)に対する引取速度V2 (m/分)の比で表されるドラフト比D(=V2 /V1 )を下記(II)式にすることを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
4.5≦V≦15 ………(I)
500≦D≦1250 ………(II)
本発明においてポリマーの吐出線速度V(m/分)とは、単位時間のポリマーの吐出体積を吐出断面積で除した値をいい、具体的には、溶融ポリマーの密度ρを1g/cm として、下記(III)式により定義されたものをいう。
【0008】
=4×P/(ρ×π×T) ………(III)
ただし、
P:口金単孔当りの吐出量(g/分)
π:円周率
T:口金の吐出孔径(mm)
また、本発明において引取速度V(m/分)とは、口金より吐出した糸条をゴデットローラーによって引き廻す場合は、最初に引き廻されるローラーの表面速度をいい、またゴデットローラーを介さずに直接ボビンに巻取る場合には、その巻取速度をいう。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の高速紡糸法において、上記(I)式で規定されるポリマーの吐出線速度V(m/分)および上記(II) 式で規定されるドラフト比Dは、それぞれ従来の高速紡糸法で一般に採用されているそれらの値に比して、吐出線速度Vは低く、ドラフト比Dは著しく高い設定になっていることが特徴である。
【0010】
従来のポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸法では、繊度10〜500デニールの単糸が丸断面の糸条を2000m/分以上の高速で引き取る場合のドラフト比は、高々300付近であったが、本発明では500以上に設定するのである。したがって、これに対応して、口金からの吐出線速度V(m/分)も相対的に従来の高速紡糸法に比べて低い値になっている。
【0011】
このようにポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸に当たり、従来法よりも吐出線速度を低く、かつドラフト比を高い範囲に設定することにより、口金から吐出されるポリマーの吐出安定性を高くすることができ、かつ吐出孔周辺の汚れに対してタフネスを生ずるようにすることができる。これに基づいて、吐出ポリマーの長さのピクツキの発生や断糸の発生を低減させることができ、口金面の清掃周期を延長することが可能になるのである。
【0012】
また、ドラフト比を(II) 式のように非常に高い値に設定したことにより、口金から吐出されるポリマーが、吐出孔廻りにポリマー昇華ガスなどにより形成される汚れや気流の乱れに対して耐性を高くすることができる。具体的には、ポリマーの曲げに対する剛性が高くなるので、吐出安定性が向上するのである。他方、吐出線速度を(I)式のように低い設定にしたことによって、吐出孔内でのポリマーのズリによる発熱を低く抑えることができ、発熱によって生じる熱劣化や汚れの発生を抑制することができる。
【0013】
本発明の高速紡糸法において、ドラフト比が500より低くかったり、吐出線速度が15m/分よりも高い場合には、口金吐出部でのポリマーの曲げに対する剛性が低くなるため、本発明の目的を達成することができなくなる。また、ドラフト比が1250より高かったり、吐出線速度が4.5m/分より低い場合には、ポリマーが吐出孔から吐出される際の安定性が逆に低くなるため糸斑を発生しやすくなったり、曳糸性が低下して糸切れを多発するようになる。
【0014】
上記のような本発明の高速紡糸方法を実現するためには、吐出孔の孔径を単孔当たりのポリマー吐出量が(I)式、(II)式を満足するようにすることが重要である。すなわち、ポリマーの吐出線速度を(I)式のように低くするためには、吐出孔の孔径をそれに応じて大きくする必要があるが、一般的に吐出孔径を大きくすると吐出孔の背面圧が低下して糸斑が発生する場合がある。従って、吐出孔径を大きくした場合にあっても背面圧を維持する手段としては、その背面圧の低下に見合うだけ吐出孔の長さを長くしてもよいし、またはポリマーを吐出孔に導くまでの間に孔径を絞って背面圧を補償するゾーンを設けるようにしてもよいが、本発明方法では、少なくとも、ポリマーを吐出孔に導くまでの間に、孔径を絞って背面圧を補償するゾーンを設けることを必須として採用するものである。
【0015】
本発明において製糸するポリアミド繊維の繊度は10〜500デニールとするが、単糸繊度としては1.5〜8デニールであることが好ましい。単糸繊度が1.5デニールよりも細いと、(II)式の範囲のドラフト比では口金下の紡糸張力が高くなりすぎ、断糸を発生しやすくなる傾向がある。また、単糸繊度が8デニールより太いと、口金吐出部でのポリマーの曲げに対する剛性が低くなるため、本発明の目的とする効果が低くなる傾向がある。
【0016】
本発明の高速紡糸方法に適用するポリアミドとしては、繊維形成性を有するものであれば特に限定されないが、なかでもナイロン6、ナイロン66およびそれらを主成分とする共重合体などが好ましい。また、本発明の高速紡糸方法は、これらポリアミドを一成分とし、他方をポリアミド以外のポリエステル等のポリマーとする複合繊維として溶融紡糸する場合にも適用することができる。
【0017】
また、これらポリマー内には、必要に応じて酸化チタンなどの艶消剤、重合に要する各種添加剤、耐熱性向上剤、透明性を向上させるなどの目的で結晶化制御用の添加物、或いは共重合成分などが含まれていてもかまわない。
【0018】
【実施例】
艶消剤として酸化チタンを0.4重量%含み、対98%硫酸相対粘度が2.62のナイロン6チップを260℃で溶融し、この溶融ポリマーを濾砂および金属不織布フィルターを介して口金から吐出し、吐出後の糸条を冷却風により冷却し、エマルジョン系の油剤を付与した後に第1ゴデットローラーに5115m/分で引き取り、引き続いて同速度の第2ゴデットローラーに引き取った後、巻取張力0.35g/Dでスピンドルドライブ型巻取機に巻取るに当たり、
上記口金の吐出孔径と吐出線速度を、表1に示すように異ならせることにより(口金の背面圧が50kg/cmの一定となるように吐出孔のポリマー流入部を絞り、下流側が所定の吐出孔径になるようにラッパ状に拡径し、さらに所定の孔径にはポリマー吐出方向に円筒状のストレート部を形成した)、ドラフト比を変化させて、それぞれ総繊度20,35,50デニール、10フィラメントで、単糸繊度が異なった10種類のポリアミド繊維糸条を巻取るようにした(実施例1〜5および比較例1〜5)。
【0019】
これら10種類の高速紡糸法について、1口金あたり1糸条を引き取り、8糸条を1ワインダーに同時に巻取ることを、全部で4ワインダーについて5日間継続巻取りするときの曲がり・ピクツキ発生口金数(累計)、断糸発生回数(のべ回数)およびツェルベガー社製ウースター斑試験器による糸斑をそれぞれ評価した。その価の結果を表1に示す。
【0020】
表1に示すように、本発明による実施例1〜5では、比較例1〜5に比べて経日による口金吐出孔部のポリマー曲がりやピクツキの発生がなく、さらに断糸発生件数が少なく、製糸性が極めて安定していた。また糸斑も値が低く、品質上問題ないレベルであった。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0003613882
【0022】
【発明の効果】
上述したように、本発明によるポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法によれば、口金から吐出されたポリマーの吐出線速度が低く、かつ引続き引き取られる際のドラフト比が高いことによって、吐出ポリマーの吐出孔廻りの汚れや気流乱れによる曲げに対する耐性を高くし、かつタフネスを有するようにすることができる。したがって、口金吐出部での吐出ポリマーの曲がり・ピクツキの発生を少なくし、その結果として口金清掃周期を延長することができ、生産性を向上することができる。
【0023】
また、口金吐出孔でのポリマーのズリ発熱を低く抑えることができるため、口金吐出孔周辺にポリマーの熱劣化などによる汚れの発生を低減し、長期に渡る製糸安定性を図ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarns, and more particularly to a high-speed spinning method for high-productivity polyamide fiber yarns with improved polymer discharge stability at the base discharge portion and excellent operational stability. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the melt spinning method of synthetic fiber yarns such as polyamide, low molecular weight substances (monomers, oligomers, etc.) are sublimated from the polymer discharged from the die, and it is deposited around the discharge holes, or is added to the polymer. A matting agent such as titanium or a polymerization catalyst is deposited around the discharge hole and accumulates as dirt around the discharge hole over time. In general, a release agent such as silicone is applied to the surface of the melt spinneret in order to improve the release property of the polymer discharged from the discharge hole. However, this silicone does not permanently retain releasability, but undergoes thermal degradation or oxidative degradation over time in a high-temperature atmosphere, and finally enters a gel state.
[0003]
As described above, the accumulation of dirt around the discharge hole of the die or the gelled release agent makes the flow of the polymer discharged from the die unstable and causes bending. When the tendency of the bending of the polymer becomes extreme, the polymer sticks discontinuously to the base surface or causes a picking, which induces thread breakage due to yarn unevenness or fluctuation of the winding state.
[0004]
Therefore, in the synthetic fiber yarn melt spinning method, it is usual to periodically clean the die surface before the above-described deterioration of the spinning property occurs. However, since the cleaning of the base surface has to be performed by temporarily interrupting the production, the shorter the cleaning cycle, the lower the productivity.
However, in the recent melt spinning method of polyamide fibers, so-called high-speed spinning method, in which the yarn discharged from the die is drawn at a high speed of 2000 m / min or more, has been widely implemented in order to improve productivity. Yes. However, in such a high-speed spinning method, since the amount of polymer discharged from the die is large, the accumulation rate of dirt around the discharge hole is also fast, and as a result, the cleaning cycle of the die surface is shortened and productivity is also improved. There was a limit.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarns that can improve the productivity by enabling the cleaning cycle of the die surface to be extended in a high-speed melt spinning method with a drawing speed of 2000 m / min or more. It is in.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The high-speed spinning method of the polyamide fiber yarn according to the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that a molten polyamide is discharged from a die provided with a zone for compensating the back pressure by narrowing the hole diameter before being led to the discharge hole. Is a melt spinning method in which a yarn having a fineness of 10 to 500 denier is taken up at a high speed of at least 10 minutes / minute, and the discharge linear velocity V 1 (m / minute) of the polyamide discharged from the die is expressed by the following formula (I) At the same time, the draft ratio D (= V 2 ) represented by the ratio of the take-off speed V 2 (m / min) to the discharge linear speed V 1 (m / min). / V 1 ) is represented by the following formula (II).
[0007]
4.5 ≦ V 1 ≦ 15 (I)
500 ≦ D ≦ 1250 ……… (II)
In the present invention, the discharge linear velocity V 1 (m / min) of the polymer means a value obtained by dividing the discharge volume of the polymer per unit time by the discharge cross-sectional area. Specifically, the density ρ of the molten polymer is 1 g / cm. 3 is defined by the following formula (III).
[0008]
V 1 = 4 × P / (ρ × π × T 2 ) (III)
However,
P: Discharge rate per base hole (g / min)
π: Circumference ratio T: Discharge hole diameter of base (mm)
In the present invention, the take-up speed V 2 (m / min) means the surface speed of the roller that is first drawn when the yarn discharged from the die is drawn by the godet roller. When winding directly on a bobbin without being interposed, it means the winding speed.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the high speed spinning method of the present invention, the discharge linear velocity V 1 (m / min) of the polymer defined by the above formula (I) and the draft ratio D defined by the above formula (II) are the same as those of the conventional high speed spinning method. The discharge linear velocity V 1 is low and the draft ratio D is set to be extremely high as compared with those values generally adopted in the above.
[0010]
In the conventional high-speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarns, the draft ratio when a single yarn having a fineness of 10 to 500 denier pulls a yarn having a circular cross section at a high speed of 2000 m / min or more was about 300 at most. In the invention, it is set to 500 or more. Accordingly, in response to this, the discharge linear velocity V 1 (m / min) from the die is relatively low as compared with the conventional high-speed spinning method.
[0011]
In this way, in high-speed spinning of polyamide fiber yarns, the discharge linear velocity is lower than in the conventional method and the draft ratio is set to a high range, so that the discharge stability of the polymer discharged from the die can be increased. In addition, it is possible to cause toughness against dirt around the discharge hole. Based on this, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of picking of the length of the discharged polymer and the occurrence of yarn breakage, and it is possible to extend the cleaning cycle of the die surface.
[0012]
In addition, by setting the draft ratio to a very high value as shown in the formula (II), the polymer discharged from the die is free from dirt and air current disturbances formed by polymer sublimation gas around the discharge hole. Resistance can be increased. Specifically, since the rigidity with respect to the bending of the polymer is increased, the discharge stability is improved. On the other hand, by setting the discharge linear velocity to a low value as shown in the formula (I), heat generation due to polymer displacement in the discharge hole can be suppressed to a low level, and thermal deterioration and contamination caused by the heat generation can be suppressed. Can do.
[0013]
In the high-speed spinning method of the present invention, when the draft ratio is lower than 500 or the discharge linear velocity is higher than 15 m / min, the rigidity with respect to the bending of the polymer at the base discharge portion becomes low, and therefore the object of the present invention Cannot be achieved. In addition, when the draft ratio is higher than 1250 or the discharge linear velocity is lower than 4.5 m / min, the stability when the polymer is discharged from the discharge hole is conversely lowered, and therefore, yarn spots are likely to occur. As a result, the stringiness is lowered and the thread breakage occurs frequently.
[0014]
In order to realize the high-speed spinning method of the present invention as described above, it is important that the polymer discharge amount per single hole satisfies the formulas (I) and (II) with respect to the hole diameter of the discharge holes. . That is, in order to reduce the discharge linear velocity of the polymer as shown in the formula (I), it is necessary to increase the hole diameter of the discharge hole accordingly. Generally, when the discharge hole diameter is increased, the back pressure of the discharge hole is increased. It may decrease and cause thread spots. Therefore, as a means for maintaining the back pressure even when the discharge hole diameter is increased, the length of the discharge hole may be increased as long as the back pressure is reduced, or until the polymer is guided to the discharge hole. However, in the method of the present invention, at least until the polymer is guided to the discharge hole, the hole diameter is reduced to compensate for the back pressure. It is adopted as essential to provide.
[0015]
In the present invention, the fineness of the polyamide fiber to be produced is 10 to 500 denier, but the single yarn fineness is preferably 1.5 to 8 denier. If the single yarn fineness is thinner than 1.5 denier, the spinning tension under the die becomes too high at the draft ratio in the range of the formula (II), and there is a tendency that yarn breakage is likely to occur. Further, if the single yarn fineness is thicker than 8 denier, the rigidity against bending of the polymer at the die discharge portion is lowered, and thus the intended effect of the present invention tends to be lowered.
[0016]
The polyamide applied to the high-speed spinning method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has fiber-forming properties. Among them, nylon 6, nylon 66, and a copolymer containing them as main components are preferable. The high-speed spinning method of the present invention can also be applied to melt spinning as a composite fiber having these polyamides as one component and the other as a polymer such as polyester other than polyamide.
[0017]
Further, in these polymers, a matting agent such as titanium oxide, various additives required for polymerization, a heat resistance improver, an additive for controlling crystallization for the purpose of improving transparency, or the like, Copolymerization components may be included.
[0018]
【Example】
A nylon 6 chip containing 0.4% by weight of titanium oxide as a matting agent and having a relative viscosity of 2.62 to 98% sulfuric acid was melted at 260 ° C., and the molten polymer was passed through a filter sand and a metal non-woven filter from the die. After discharging, the discharged yarn is cooled by cooling air, and after applying an emulsion-based oil, it is taken up by the first godet roller at 5115 m / min, and subsequently taken up by the second godet roller of the same speed, When winding on a spindle drive type winder with a winding tension of 0.35 g / D,
By varying the discharge hole diameter and discharge linear velocity of the die as shown in Table 1, the polymer inflow portion of the discharge hole is narrowed so that the back pressure of the die is constant at 50 kg / cm 2 , and the downstream side is a predetermined The diameter is expanded in a trumpet shape so as to be the discharge hole diameter, and a cylindrical straight part is formed in the polymer discharge direction for a predetermined hole diameter), the draft ratio is changed, and the total fineness is 20, 35, 50 denier, Ten types of polyamide fiber yarns with different single yarn fineness were wound with 10 filaments (Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5).
[0019]
For these 10 types of high-speed spinning methods, the number of bends / pickling caps when one yarn is taken up per cap and 8 yarns are wound around one winder at the same time. (Cumulative), number of occurrences of yarn breakage (total number of yarns), and yarn unevenness using a Zurbegger Worcester spot tester were evaluated. The result of the value is shown in Table 1.
[0020]
As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 5 according to the present invention, compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 5, there is no occurrence of polymer bending and picking of the mouthpiece discharge hole due to passage of time, and the number of yarn breakage occurrence is small, The yarn forming property was extremely stable. In addition, the value of thread spots was low, and there was no problem in quality.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003613882
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the high-speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarns according to the present invention, the discharge linear velocity of the polymer discharged from the die is low, and the discharge ratio of the discharged polymer is high due to the high draft ratio when it is continuously taken up. It is possible to increase resistance to bending due to dirt around the hole and turbulence of airflow, and toughness. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of bending and picking of the discharged polymer at the base discharge part, and as a result, the base cleaning cycle can be extended, and the productivity can be improved.
[0023]
In addition, since the heat generation of the polymer at the nozzle discharge hole can be suppressed to a low level, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of contamination due to thermal degradation of the polymer around the nozzle discharge hole and to achieve long-term yarn-making stability.

Claims (2)

溶融したポリアミドを、吐出孔に導くまでの間に孔径を絞って背面圧を補償するゾーンを設けた口金から吐出して2000m/分以上の高速で引取り、繊度10〜500デニールの糸条を得る溶融紡糸方法であって、前記口金から吐出するポリアミドの吐出線速度V1 (m/分)を下記(I)式にし、同時に該吐出線速度V1 (m/分)に対する引取速度V2 (m/分)の比で表されるドラフト比D(=V2 /V1 )を下記(II)式にするポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法。
4.5≦V1 ≦15 ………(I)
500≦D≦1250 ………(II)
The melted polyamide is discharged from a die provided with a zone for narrowing the hole diameter and compensating the back pressure before being led to the discharge hole, and taken up at a high speed of 2000 m / min or more, and a yarn having a fineness of 10 to 500 denier is obtained. a get melt-spinning method, the linear extrusion velocity V 1 of the polyamide discharged from the spinneret the (m / min) in the following equation (I), take-off speed V 2 for the same time said discharge outgoing velocity V 1 (m / min) Draft ratio D (= V 2 ) expressed as a ratio of (m / min) / V 1 ) A high-speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarns having the following formula (II):
4.5 ≦ V 1 ≦ 15 (I)
500 ≦ D ≦ 1250 ……… (II)
前記糸条の単糸繊度が1.5〜8デニールである請求項1に記載のポリアミド繊維糸条の高速紡糸方法。The high-speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarn according to claim 1, wherein the single yarn fineness of the yarn is 1.5 to 8 denier.
JP07379896A 1996-03-28 1996-03-28 High speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarn Expired - Fee Related JP3613882B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07379896A JP3613882B2 (en) 1996-03-28 1996-03-28 High speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarn

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07379896A JP3613882B2 (en) 1996-03-28 1996-03-28 High speed spinning method for polyamide fiber yarn

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09268428A JPH09268428A (en) 1997-10-14
JP3613882B2 true JP3613882B2 (en) 2005-01-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9416270B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2016-08-16 Honeywell International Inc. Polyamide composition for low temperature applications

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9416270B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2016-08-16 Honeywell International Inc. Polyamide composition for low temperature applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH09268428A (en) 1997-10-14

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