JP3613417B2 - CAD / CAM equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a CAD / CAM device, and more particularly to a CAD / CAM device suitable for use in, for example, laser cutting of a workpiece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a CAD / CAM device used when laser cutting a workpiece is known. In such a conventional device, a yield is increased as much as possible when a plurality of cut figures are cut from the workpiece. In addition, the cutting arrangement of each cutting figure is determined in advance.
More specifically, the conventional CAD / CAM device determines the cutting arrangement of the cut figure as follows. That is, a virtual rectangle surrounding each cut figure is obtained by calculation. After this, the cutting arrangement for the workpiece is determined for the first cut figure, and at that time, the virtual rectangle surrounding the first cut figure is positioned close to one of the four corners as the reference position on the workpiece. Determine the cutting arrangement.
Next, the position where the virtual rectangle surrounding the second cut figure does not interfere with the first cut figure is obtained by calculation for the time being. After that, how much the second cut figure itself is moved toward the first cut figure can be arranged close to each other without interference between the first cut figure and the second cut figure. The position calculated by the calculation is determined as the cutting arrangement of the second cut figure.
Thereafter, the cutting arrangement of the third cutting figure is determined in the same manner as the determination of the cutting arrangement of the second cutting figure.
Conventionally, the cutting arrangement of each cutting figure to be cut from the workpiece is determined as described above.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional method described above, when each cutting figure to be newly determined for cutting arrangement is moved toward the cutting figure for which cutting arrangement has already been determined, the new cutting figure is simply moved in the horizontal and vertical directions. After the translation, the position where the new cutting figure is closest to the cutting figure whose cutting arrangement has already been determined has been determined as the final cutting arrangement.
In this way, conventionally, when a new cut figure is translated horizontally and vertically and a position that does not interfere with an adjacent cut figure is obtained only once, that position is determined as a final cut arrangement.
In such a method, when the outline of the cut figure is an uneven polygon, the polygon is only the required amount rather than simply moving the cut figure of the polygon horizontally and vertically to determine the cutting arrangement. In some cases, the yield of the product with respect to the work piece is better when the cutting arrangement is determined by parallel movement in the vertical and horizontal directions after the rotation.
Thus, in the conventional method, when cutting a cut figure from a workpiece, the yield of the product with respect to the workpiece may be deteriorated.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a CAD / CAM device including an arrangement control unit that determines a cutting arrangement of each cutting figure with respect to a workpiece.
The arrangement control unit includes a preparation step of allocating the shape and size of a workpiece on a video ram included in a CAD / CAM device,
On the video ram, a new cutting figure to be determined next is placed at a position that does not interfere with a cutting figure that has already been determined for the workpiece, and the new cutting figure is already in a predetermined amount. Move it on the video ram toward the adjacent cutting figure for which the cutting arrangement has been determined to see if they interfere. If they do not interfere, place the new cutting figure further. While moving a certain amount toward the cutting figure at the adjacent position on the video ram, the new cutting figure is moved by a predetermined amount toward the cutting figure at the adjacent position whose cutting arrangement has already been determined, and they interfere. If it is confirmed that the new cut figure is retracted by a predetermined amount from the cut figure at the adjacent position and the new cut figure is temporarily placed at that position, the new cut figure and the A first computation step of obtaining the area of the smallest feature that surrounds the cutting geometry of neighboring positions cross arrangement is determined,
On the video ram, the new cutting figure is rotated by a predetermined angle until it makes one rotation at a position where it does not interfere with the cutting figure at the adjacent position whose cutting arrangement has already been determined, and the same as in the first calculation step described above. A second calculation step for obtaining the areas of the figures surrounding them when a new cut figure is temporarily arranged at a position adjacent to the cut figure whose cut arrangement has already been determined when rotated every predetermined angle; ,
The final step of comparing the areas obtained in the first calculation step and the second calculation step and determining the position of the new cut figure that provides the minimum area as the final cut arrangement of the new cut figure A CAD / CAM device including the above is provided.
[0005]
[Action]
According to such a configuration, when cutting a plurality of cut figures from the workpiece, it is possible to select the cut layout of the cut figures with the best yield.
Therefore, the yield of the product with respect to the workpiece can be improved as compared with the prior art.
[0006]
【Example】
An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a laser processing machine will be described below. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing table of a laser processing machine, on which a rectangular plate-like workpiece 2 is placed and orthogonal to each other. It can be moved in the XY direction.
The machining table 1 is moved in the X direction in conjunction with an X direction motor 3 as driving means, and is moved in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction in conjunction with the Y direction motor 4. .
Above the processing table 1, a processing head 5 incorporating a condensing lens is provided so as to be movable up and down. The processing head 5 can be moved up and down by a required amount by a Z-direction motor (not shown).
The laser processing machine includes a laser oscillator 6 that oscillates the laser beam L, and a control device 7 that controls the operation of the laser oscillator 6 and the motors 3 and 4.
The control device 7 activates the laser oscillator 6 to oscillate the laser beam L and activates the motors 3 and 4 to irradiate the workpiece 2 on the processing table 1 from the processing head 5 with the laser beam L. In addition, the machining head 5 and the machining table 1 are moved relative to each other to cut the predetermined cut figures A and B from the workpiece 2.
By the way, in the case of cutting the cut figures A and B from the workpiece 2 by the laser processing machine as described above, the cutting figures A and B are determined in advance for the workpiece 2 before cutting. To start.
In this embodiment, the cutting arrangement of the cut figures A and B is determined by the CAD / CAM device 8.
That is, in the present embodiment, the control device 7 for controlling the operation of the laser oscillator 6 and the motors 3 and 4 is provided, and separately, the arrangement control for determining the cutting arrangement of the cutting figures A and B with respect to the workpiece 2. A CAD / CAM device 8 having a unit 8A is provided. In this embodiment, when the machining data is created by the CAD / CAM device 8, the machining data is transmitted from the arrangement control unit 8A to the control device 7 online or via a floppy disk or an IC card.
Here, the case where it is going to cut | disconnect the said 2 cut figure A and B from the to-be-processed object 2 is demonstrated.
In this case, when the lengths of the long and short sides of the rectangular workpiece 2 and the sizes of the cut figures A and B are input from the input unit 8B to the CAD / CAM device 8, the CAD / CAM device 8 The storage unit 8C stores information input from the input unit 8B and transmits the information to the arrangement control unit 8A. Then, based on the input data, the arrangement control unit 8A calculates virtual minimum rectangles A ′ and B ′ surrounding the cut figures A and B by calculation (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
Thereafter, the arrangement control unit 8A uses the video ram 8D originally provided in the CAD / CAM device 8 to determine the cutting arrangement of the cut figures A and B with respect to the workpiece 2 as follows.
That is, the arrangement control unit 8A first allocates the size of the workpiece 2 having a rectangular shape on the video ram 8D (see FIG. 2). This is a preparation process for determining the cutting arrangement of the cut figures A and B. The shape of the workpiece 2 allocated on the video ram 8D and the shapes of cut figures A and B described later are displayed by the display means 8E.
In this embodiment, when the arrangement control unit 8A determines the cutting arrangement, the left side 2A and the bottom side 2B of the workpiece 2 are set as reference positions, and the cutting arrangement of the cut figures A and B is sequentially determined from the reference position. I have to.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the arrangement control unit 8A first sets the cut figure A and the imaginary minimum rectangle A ′ surrounding the cut figure A, and the point A1 ′ on the rectangle A ′ is the reference of the workpiece 2. It is arranged at a position where it overlaps with the position point P at the left corner closest to the position. Then, the arrangement control unit 8A eliminates the rectangle A ′ surrounding the cut figure A from the video ram 8D (S1 in FIGS. 2 to 3 and FIG. 9).
Next, the arrangement control unit 8A moves the entire first cut figure A to the left by one pixel on the video ram 8D (S2 in FIG. 9), and then the arrangement control unit 8A performs the video ram 8D. In the above, it is confirmed whether or not the first cut figure A interferes with the left side 2A of the workpiece 2 as the reference position (S3 in FIG. 9).
Here, when the arrangement control unit 8A confirms that the first cut figure A interferes with the left side 2A of the workpiece 2 serving as the reference position, the first cut figure A is equivalent to one pixel. Is returned to the right (S4 in FIG. 9). Thereby, first, the cutting arrangement in the horizontal direction of the first cutting figure A with respect to the workpiece 2 is determined.
Next, the arrangement control unit 8A moves the first cut figure A downward by one pixel on the video ram 8D (S5 in FIG. 9).
Thereafter, the arrangement control unit 8A checks whether or not the first cut figure A interferes with the base 2B of the workpiece 2 set as the reference position on the video ram 8D (S6 in FIG. 9).
Here, when the arrangement control unit 8A confirms that the first cut figure A interferes with the bottom 2B of the workpiece 2 serving as the reference position, the first cut figure A is equivalent to one pixel. Is returned upward (S7 in FIG. 9). Thereby, the cutting arrangement in the vertical direction of the first cutting figure A with respect to the workpiece 2 is determined, and therefore the final cutting arrangement of the first cutting figure A is determined (S8 in FIG. 9). Thereby, at this time, only the workpiece 2 and the first cut figure A whose cutting arrangement has already been determined are arranged on the video ram 8D. Therefore, only the workpiece 2 and the first cut figure A are displayed on the display means 8E.
Next, the arrangement control unit 8A arranges the second cut figure B and the virtual minimum rectangle B ′ surrounding it on the video ram 8D. At that time, the arrangement control unit 8A sets a point on the rectangle B ′ to the position point Q at which the rectangle B ′ does not interfere with the first cut figure A and the outline (each side) of the workpiece 2 whose cut arrangement has already been determined. The second cut figure B is positioned so that B1 ′ is superposed (S1 in FIGS. 3 and 9).
Thereafter, the arrangement control unit 8A deletes the rectangle B ′ on the video ram 8D (FIG. 4), and then moves the entire second cut figure B to the left by one pixel on the video ram 8D. (S2 in FIG. 9).
Next, the arrangement control unit 8A confirms whether or not the second cut figure B interferes with the left side 2A of the workpiece 2 set as the reference position on the video ram 8D (FIG. 9). S3).
Here, when the arrangement control unit 8A confirms that the second cut figure B interferes with the left side 2A of the workpiece 2 serving as the reference position, the second cut figure B is equivalent to one pixel. Is returned to the right side (S4 in FIG. 9). Thereby, first, the cutting arrangement in the horizontal direction of the second cutting figure B with respect to the workpiece 2 is provisionally determined.
Next, the arrangement control unit 8A moves the second cut figure B downward by one pixel of the video ram 8D on the video ram 8D (S5 in FIGS. 4 and 9).
Thereafter, the arrangement control unit 8A checks whether or not the second cut figure B on the video ram 8D interferes with the first cut figure A that has already been determined to be cut and placed on the adjacent lower side. (S6 in FIG. 9).
Here, when the arrangement control unit 8A confirms that the second cut figure B does not interfere with the first cut figure A, the arrangement control unit 8A returns to S5 and again performs the second cut figure. The figure B is moved downward by one pixel of the video ram 8D, that is, toward the first cut figure A.
Thereafter, the placement control unit 8A checks whether or not the second cut figure B interferes with the first cut figure A on the adjacent lower side (S6 in FIG. 9).
As described above, when the arrangement control unit 8A repeats the processes of S5 and S6 and confirms that the second cut graphic B interferes with the first cut graphic A, the second cut graphic B Is returned upward by one pixel (S7 in FIG. 9). Thereby, the cutting arrangement in the vertical direction of the second cutting figure B with respect to the first cutting figure A is provisionally determined, and therefore the cutting arrangement of the second cutting figure B is provisionally determined (FIGS. 4 and 9). S8).
Next, as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. 5, the cutting arrangement portion 8A connects adjacent straight lines parallel to the bottom 2B or the left side 2A of the workpiece 2 on the video ram 8D to connect both cut figures A, Find the smallest figure R that surrounds B. Then, the arrangement control unit 8A calculates and stores the area R1 of the graphic R (S9 in FIG. 9). In the present embodiment, regarding the cutting arrangement of the second cut figure B, the processing steps from S1 to S9 in FIG.
Here, in the present embodiment, the second cut figure B provisionally determined as described above is once separated from the first cut figure A, and then the minimum rectangle surrounding the second cut figure B B ′ is reproduced (FIG. 6), and rotated about 30 degrees counterclockwise with the center of the rectangle B ′ as the center of rotation (S10 in FIGS. 7 and 9). Then, after the rectangle before rotating the second cut figure B is eliminated, the minimum rectangle B ″ surrounding the second cut figure B after rotation is obtained.
Thereafter, the arrangement control unit 8A temporarily determines the cut arrangement of the second cut figure B after being rotated by 30 degrees in the same manner as the processing steps (S1 to S9 in FIG. 9) in the first calculation step described above. Thereafter, the first cut figure A and the second cut figure B whose provisional arrangement has been determined are obtained as a figure R ′, and the area R2 is calculated and stored (S9 in FIG. 9).
Next, the arrangement control unit 8A separates the second cut graphic B temporarily determined after 30 degrees rotation as described above from the first cut graphic A again, and then the second cut graphic B shown in FIG. The minimum rectangle B ″ surrounding the cut figure B is reproduced and rotated further by 30 degrees counterclockwise with the center of the rectangle B ″ as the rotation center (S10 in FIG. 9). Then, after the rectangle B ″ before rotating the second cut figure B is extinguished, a minimum rectangle (not shown) surrounding the second cut figure B after rotation is obtained.
Thereafter, the placement control unit 8A temporarily determines the cut layout of the second cut figure B after rotation in the same manner as described above, and then obtains the minimum figure and area surrounding both the cut figures A and B. Memorize it.
In this way, the arrangement control unit 8A rotates the second cut figure B by 30 degrees and temporarily determines the cut arrangement, and then the second cut figure B is in the initial state shown in FIG. The area is calculated as described above until one rotation is performed.
As a result, the second cut figure B returns to the original initial position shown in FIG. 3 by the eleventh rotation from the first 30 degrees rotation, so that the 12 types obtained for each rotation angle described above in total That is, the arrangement control unit 8A stores the area.
Here, in the present embodiment, the entire processing process from the state shown in FIG. 3 until the second cut figure B is rotated once every 30 degrees is rotated as a second calculation process.
When the second calculation step is completed in this way, the arrangement control unit 8A compares the 13 types of areas obtained for each rotation angle, and the temporary cut of the second cut figure B corresponding to the smallest area is made. The determined position is selected, and finally the position is determined as the cutting arrangement of the second cut figure B.
In addition, when there is a third cut figure to be cut from the workpiece 2, the cut placement unit 8A performs the same process as when the cut placement of the second cut figure B described above is determined, The cutting arrangement of the third cutting figure is determined.
As described above, the cutting arrangement unit 8A according to the present embodiment performs the above-described processing to determine the cutting arrangement of both cutting figures A and B, so the cutting arrangement of each cutting figure A and B is determined. In doing so, it is possible to determine the cutting arrangement with the best yield. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the yield of the product with respect to the workpiece 2 is further improved as compared with the prior art.
In the above embodiment, in each calculation step, the cut figure is rotated by 30 degrees, but may be rotated, for example, by 5 degrees. Or you may rotate every 90 degree | times.
Further, in the above embodiment, when the arrangement control unit 8A determines the cutting arrangement of the cutting figures A and B, first, the cutting figures A and B are moved one pixel at a time in the horizontal direction on the video ram 8D. Thereafter, the cut figures A and B are moved one pixel at a time in the vertical direction, but the order may be reversed. That is, after the cut figures A and B are moved in the vertical direction by one pixel on the video ram 8D, the vertical cut arrangement is determined, and then the cut figures A and B are moved in the horizontal direction by one pixel. Positioning in the lateral direction may be performed.
Moreover, although the said Example demonstrated the case where this invention was applied to the laser processing machine, it can apply this invention also to the CAD / CAM apparatus 8 of a plasma processing machine and a water jet processing machine instead of a laser processing machine. it can.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the placement control unit 8A of the CAD / CAM device 8 once obtains the workpiece 2 and each virtual rectangle by calculation, assigns it to the video ram 8D, and then performs the above-described processing. However, the following processing may be performed. That is, the arrangement control unit 8A does not perform such calculation, but first allocates the size of the workpiece 2 on the video ram 8D, and then sequentially allocates the cut figures A and B, and the diagram of the above-described embodiment. 9 may be temporarily determined by the processing steps S2 to S7 in FIG.
In the above embodiment, the lower left corner of the workpiece 2 is set as the reference position when the cutting arrangement is first determined. However, the upper left corner, the upper right corner, and the lower right corner may be set as the reference positions. Moreover, the workpiece 2 may not be a rectangle, but may be a square, or the end side may be not a straight line but a jagged shape or a curve like a remaining material.
[0007]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an effect that the yield of a product with respect to a workpiece can be improved as compared with the related art.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a laser processing machine. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a process of determining a cutting arrangement of a cut figure on a video ram of a CAD / CAM device. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a process of determining a cutting arrangement of a cutting figure on a video ram of a CAD / CAM device. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a process of determining a cutting arrangement of a cutting figure on a video ram of a CAD / CAM device. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a process of determining the cutting arrangement of the cut figure on the video ram of the CAD / CAM apparatus. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a process of determining the cutting arrangement of the cutting figure on the video ram of the CAD / CAM apparatus. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a process of determining the cutting arrangement of the cut figure on the video ram of the CAD / CAM apparatus. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a process of determining the cutting arrangement of the cutting figure on the video ram of the CAD / CAM apparatus. FIG. 9 by the placement control unit Shows the processing steps [Description of symbols]
1 Processing Table 2 Workpiece 5 Processing Head 6 Laser Oscillator 8 CAD / CAM Device 8A Arrangement Control Unit 8D Video Ram

Claims (5)

In a CAD / CAM apparatus provided with an arrangement control unit that determines the cutting arrangement of each cutting figure with respect to the workpiece,
The arrangement control unit includes a preparation step of allocating the shape of a workpiece on a video ram included in a CAD / CAM device,
On the video ram, a new cutting figure to be determined next is placed at a position that does not interfere with a cutting figure that has already been determined for the workpiece, and the new cutting figure is already in a predetermined amount. Move it on the video ram toward the adjacent cutting figure for which the cutting arrangement has been determined to see if they interfere. If they do not interfere, place the new cutting figure further. While moving a certain amount toward the cutting figure at the adjacent position on the video ram, the new cutting figure is moved by a predetermined amount toward the cutting figure at the adjacent position whose cutting arrangement has already been determined, and they interfere. If it is confirmed that the new cut figure is retracted by a predetermined amount from the cut figure at the adjacent position and the new cut figure is temporarily placed at that position, the new cut figure and the A first computation step of obtaining the area of the smallest feature that surrounds the cutting geometry of neighboring positions cross arrangement is determined,
On the video ram, the new cutting figure is rotated by a predetermined angle until it makes one rotation at a position where it does not interfere with the cutting figure at the adjacent position whose cutting arrangement has already been determined, and the same as in the first calculation step described above. A second calculation step for obtaining the areas of the figures surrounding them when a new cut figure is temporarily arranged at a position adjacent to the cut figure whose cut arrangement has already been determined when rotated every predetermined angle; ,
The final step of comparing the areas obtained in the first calculation step and the second calculation step and determining the position of the new cut figure that provides the minimum area as the final cut arrangement of the new cut figure A CAD / CAM device comprising: The arrangement control unit assumes a virtual rectangle surrounding the new cut figure before moving the new cut figure in both the calculation steps, and the virtual rectangle has already been determined for the cut arrangement. The new cutting figure is moved after the new cutting figure is positioned on the video ram so as not to interfere with the cutting figure or the contour of the workpiece on the video ram. The CAD / CAM device according to claim 1. The placement control unit temporarily determines the position in the horizontal direction by moving the new cut figure by a predetermined amount in the horizontal direction on the video ram in both the calculation steps. It is configured to temporarily determine a position of a new cut figure for obtaining the area by temporarily determining the position in the vertical direction by moving the ram by a predetermined amount on the ram. The CAD / CAM device according to claim 1 or 2. The placement control unit temporarily determines the position in the vertical direction by moving the new cut figure by a predetermined amount on the video ram in the vertical direction in both the calculation steps, and then the new cut figure is video-converted. It is configured to temporarily determine a position of a new cut figure for obtaining the area by temporarily determining a position in the horizontal direction by moving the ram by a predetermined amount on the ram. The CAD / CAM device according to claim 1 or 2. The CAD / CAM device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the arrangement control unit moves the new cut figure one pixel at a time on the video ram.

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