JP3613281B2 - Radio wave lens antenna device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a radio wave lens antenna device used for satellite communication or communication between antennas.

  The Luneberg lens, which is known as one of radio wave lenses, is a dielectric lens having a sphere as a basic shape, and the relative dielectric constant εr of each part substantially conforms to the following formula (1).

εr = 2− (r / a) ² ... Formula (1)
Where a: radius of the sphere
r: Distance from the center of the sphere

  The antenna device using the Luneberg lens can capture a radio wave from any direction by setting the focal point of the radio wave at an arbitrary position, and can send out the radio wave in an arbitrary direction.

  Taking advantage of this advantage, it has been devised that enables tracking of orbiting satellites. In the satellite tracking antenna device, a hemispherical Luneberg lens is attached to the center of a circular reflector arranged horizontally (parallel to the ground), an arch-type support arm straddling the spherical surface of the lens, and this support arm is attached to both ends of the arm. A mechanism for rotating the horizontal support shaft as a fulcrum, a mechanism for rotating the lens and reflector including the arm rotation mechanism as a fulcrum around the vertical axis, and a support arm provided with a position adjustment mechanism in the arm longitudinal direction Constructed with primary radiator.

  This antenna device can move a primary radiator to a focal point of a radio wave from a satellite that fluctuates due to movement of the satellite using an arm rotation mechanism, a turning mechanism, and a position adjustment mechanism in the arm longitudinal direction. Compared to, compactness and weight reduction can be achieved.

  In addition, the antenna device configured by combining the hemispherical Luneberg lens with the reflector makes it possible to deal with radio waves from any direction by moving the primary radiator to an arbitrary position on the spherical surface of the lens. . In order to cope with radio waves from all directions of 360 °, it is essential that the reflecting plate is horizontal, and therefore it is an existing concept to place the reflecting plate horizontally.

  In the hemispherical Luneberg lens antenna device combined with a reflector, the distance from the center of the lens to the outer end of the reflector (radius R of the reflector) is larger than the radius a of the lens sphere in order to obtain stable transmission / reception performance. It needs to be bigger. It is conceivable that the radius R exceeds twice a, and this reflector is the largest in the antenna device.

  If the large reflector is installed horizontally based on the conventional concept, a large space is required, and the installation place is limited. In addition, there may be a situation where the antenna device cannot be installed due to the space restriction.

  The inventors of the present application have considered making this hemispherical Luneberg lens antenna device usable as a TV antenna for satellite broadcasting even in ordinary homes, etc. Easy to receive.

  In addition, when installed horizontally outdoors, there are problems such as snow accumulation and raindrops remaining on the reflector, and countermeasures are also required. This invention makes it a subject to eliminate these malfunctions.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a radio wave lens antenna apparatus for transmitting, receiving or transmitting / receiving radio waves to / from a geostationary satellite, a hemispherical Luneberg lens formed of a dielectric, and the lens A circular reflector that is larger than the lens diameter provided along the bisected section of the sphere and installed at an angle at which raindrops do not stay on the ground, and a primary that is provided at the focal point of the lens held by a holder The hemispherical Luneberg lens is disposed at a position deviated from the center position of the circular reflector plate to the opposite side to the direction of the geostationary satellite.

  This antenna device may be provided with a mounting portion on a reflecting plate so that the reflecting plate is directly mounted on a wall surface or a side surface of a building or a structure.

  In addition, the space can be effectively used even in a structure in which the reflector is attached to the installation portion in a posture inclined with respect to the ground along the slope of the installation portion.

  Since the antenna device of the present invention can be installed with the reflecting plate substantially vertical, the installation space can be small.

  In addition, wall surfaces on which objects cannot be placed, veranda fences, rooftops, rooftops, poles standing on the veranda, etc., poles mounted sideways on the wall, etc. can be used as installation parts. Geostationary satellites for satellite broadcasting are, for example, in the southwest direction in Japan. In this case, if the antenna is placed horizontally, it can only be installed in the southwest direction. However, if the antenna is placed vertically, there is a high proportion of buildings that have south, west or southwest facing walls. Can be used as an installation part, space constraints are eased, and the degree of freedom in selecting installation points is increased. It can also be directly attached to the side of a veranda fence where a parabolic antenna is often installed, a pole for a TV antenna, or the like.

  Furthermore, raindrops are drained naturally by making the reflector substantially vertical, and snow is less likely to occur.

  In addition, since the lens is hemispherical, it has high strength and is difficult to receive wind pressure. In addition to this, it is possible to increase the support area by using a reflector, and it is possible to provide good wind resistance by attaching it to a solid wall or fence. Parabolic antennas used in ordinary homes are supported at one point, so there are problems with stability and wind resistance, but this problem can also be solved.

  As described above, the radio wave lens antenna device according to the present invention is installed with the reflector substantially vertical, so it is not bulky like a horizontal reflector or a parabolic antenna. It does not require space and can be used as an installation part such as a wall that is not normally used, the outside surface of the fence of the veranda, a pole provided on the rooftop or wall surface, etc. The degree of freedom increases, and it becomes possible to install it in a compact place where it will not get in the way.

  In addition, since the reflector is almost vertical, it is possible to omit measures for removing snow and accumulated raindrops.

  In addition, a reflector can be used as a fixture, and no special support or fixture is required. Moreover, since the surface support using a reflecting plate is possible, a support area can be expanded and the support stability can also be improved. Further, since the hemispherical lens has high strength and is difficult to receive wind pressure, wind resistance can be improved.

  Embodiments of a radio wave lens antenna device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this antenna device fixes a hemispherical Luneberg lens 2 on a reflector 1, and further holds a primary radiator 4 with a holder 3 provided on the reflector 1. The lens 2 is provided in the vicinity of the spherical surface, and the reflector 1 is provided with a mounting portion 5 for the wall surface.

  The reflector 1 is formed of a metal plate having good radio wave reflectivity, a composite plate in which a plastic plate and a metal sheet for radio wave reflection are bonded together. The reflecting plate 1 is not limited to a circle as long as it can reflect radio waves from a communication partner.

  The Luneberg lens 2 is formed by laminating a dielectric hemispherical shell whose relative permittivity and diameter are gradually changed on a central hemisphere formed of a dielectric so that the whole has a multilayer structure (for example, eight layers). It is made by integrating, and the relative dielectric constant of each part approximates the value obtained by the above equation (1).

  A half-section (circular plane) of the sphere of the hemispherical Luneberg lens 2 is fixed on the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate 1 by bonding or the like. The lens 2 may be attached to the center of the reflecting plate 1, but if the offset arrangement is biased to the opposite side to the arrival direction of the radio wave, the reflecting plate 1 does not need to be unnecessarily enlarged. The hemispherical lens mentioned here includes a lens having a shape close to a hemisphere.

  The holder 3 is preferably one that can adjust the position of the primary radiator 4. The illustrated holder 3 is provided with an arc guide rail 3 a along the outer periphery of the lens 2, a support arm 3 b that is guided by the guide rail to move to a desired position, and is locked and fixed after positioning, and is curved along the spherical surface of the lens 2. The primary radiator 4 is attached to the support arm 3b so that the position of the arm can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the arm, and the primary radiator 4 can be set at a position with high radio wave capturing efficiency (focal point and its vicinity).

  The number of installed primary radiators 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the number may be one, and radio waves from one geostationary satellite may be received, or the number may be plural and a multi-beam antenna may be used to receive radio waves from a plurality of geostationary satellites. In addition, transmission / reception can be performed by increasing the number of primary radiators.

  The attachment part 5 can have various forms. As shown in FIG. 2, the attaching portion 5 in FIG. 1 is hung on a screw 6 attached to an outer wall A of a building or the like as shown in FIG.

  A hook 5b as shown in FIG. 3 is provided on the back side of the reflecting plate 1, and the hook 5b is screwed to the wall surface to be hooked on a hook hook 7 as shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. A large hook 5c is provided on the back side, hung on a railing B of a veranda fence, and fixed to the fence using a U-bolt 5d as necessary. A TV with a half clamp 5e as shown in FIG. Appropriate ones may be selected from well-known fixtures, such as those that hold poles such as antennas or vertical fences of fences.

  If the antenna device is attached to the wall surface or the like using the fixture so that the reflector 1 is substantially vertical, it can only deal with radio waves from one side (front surface) of the reflector. Transmission / reception with the antenna device can be performed without any problem.

  In the case where the reflector plate 1 is inclined, it is not necessary to provide a pedestal or the like if the reflector plate is placed on a sloped roof or the like and fixed by a method of growing on a wire. In this case, the effect of reducing the installation space is small as compared with the case where the reflecting plate is arranged vertically, but there is an advantage that it is possible to utilize on a roof that is not normally used.

The perspective view which shows embodiment of the antenna apparatus of this invention Partially cutaway side view showing an installation example of the antenna device Side view showing another example of mounting part Perspective view showing an example of hook hook Side view showing an example of installation on the veranda fence Plan view of half clamp attachment

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reflector 2 Hemispherical Luneberg lens 3 Primary radiator holder 3a Guide rail 3b Support arm 4 Primary radiator 5 Attachment 5a Hanging hole 5b, 5c Hook 5d U-shaped bolt 5e Half clamp 6 Screw 7 Hook hook A Outer wall B Handrail

Claims (1)

  A radio wave lens antenna apparatus for transmitting, receiving, or transmitting / receiving radio waves to / from a geostationary satellite, comprising a hemispherical Luneberg lens formed of a dielectric and a lens diameter provided along a bisector of the lens sphere A hemispherical Luneberg lens having a large reflector and a circular reflector installed at an angle at which raindrops do not stay on the ground, and a primary radiator that is held by a holder and provided at the focal point of the lens. Is disposed at a position deviated from the center position of the circular reflector to the opposite side of the direction of the geostationary satellite.

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