JP3612879B2 - Electric motor for fan drive - Google Patents

Electric motor for fan drive Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3612879B2
JP3612879B2 JP22863196A JP22863196A JP3612879B2 JP 3612879 B2 JP3612879 B2 JP 3612879B2 JP 22863196 A JP22863196 A JP 22863196A JP 22863196 A JP22863196 A JP 22863196A JP 3612879 B2 JP3612879 B2 JP 3612879B2
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Prior art keywords
peripheral surface
outer ring
ring
fan
inner ring
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JPH1075551A (en
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利夫 高橋
俊一 矢部
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/077—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between housing and outer race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/073—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、各種機器に組み込んで送風用のファンを回転駆動するファン駆動用電動モータのうち、インバータ運転を行なう交流モータの改良に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えばエアコンディショナ用の送風用ファンを電動モータにより回転駆動する事が、一般的に行なわれている。又、風量調節の容易化を図る為、上記電動モータとして、インバータ運転を行なう交流モータを使用する事も、広く行なわれている。この様に交流モータのインバータ運転を行なう際に、インバータのキャリア周波数を高く設定すれば、スイッチングに伴って発生するモータ騒音の低減を図れる事が、従来から知られている。又、近年に於ける半導体素子の性能向上、並びに回路技術の向上により、上記キャリア周波数を高く設定する事が可能になってきた。この様な事情により、上記交流モータを駆動する為のインバータのキャリア周波数を高く設定する様になっている。
【０００３】
この様にキャリア周波数を高く設定するのに伴って、上記交流モータの回転軸に、高周波誘導に基づいて発生する電圧（軸電圧）が増大する傾向になっている。そして、この軸電圧の増大に伴って、上記回転軸を支持している転がり軸受の内輪と外輪との間に存在する電位差が大きくなり、上記転がり軸受内に電流が流れ易くなっている。この様な電流は、内輪、外輪両軌道並びに転動体の転動面に電食と呼ばれる腐食を発生させて、上記転がり軸受の耐久性を悪化させる。この様な事情に鑑みて従来は、例えば図４に示す様な構造により、上記電食の発生を防止していた。先ず、この図４により、本発明の対象となるファン駆動用電動モータの基本構造と従来の電食防止構造とに就いて説明する。
【０００４】
このファン駆動用電動モータ１は、金属製のモータケース２と、このモータケース２の内側に１対の転がり軸受３、３を介して回転自在に支持された金属製の回転軸４とを有する。上記モータケース２は、円筒状のケース本体５と、このケース本体５の前端（上記回転軸４の先端部が突出する側の端部で、図４の右端）開口を塞ぐ前蓋６と、上記ケース本体５の後端開口を塞ぐ後蓋７とから成る。このうち、前蓋６の中央部には、上記回転軸４の先端部を挿通する円孔８と、この円孔８の周囲を囲む保持段部９とを設け、上記後蓋７の中央部内面には有底円筒状の保持凹部１０を設けている。上記各転がり軸受３、３は、これら保持段部９及び保持凹部１０と、上記回転軸４の外周面との間に設けている。
【０００５】
即ち、上記各転がり軸受３、３を構成する外輪１１、１１を上記保持段部９又は保持凹部１０に内嵌し、同じく内輪１２、１２を上記回転軸４に外嵌している。又、これら各内輪１２、１２の互いに対向する端面は、上記回転軸４の中間部に形成した段部１３、１３に突き当てている。又、上記保持凹部１０の奥面とこの保持凹部１０に内嵌した外輪１１の端面との間には、波板ばね１４等の弾性材を挟持して、この外輪１１を他方（図４の右方）の外輪１１に向け押圧している。従って、これら各外輪１１、１１の内周面の外輪軌道１５、１５と上記各内輪１２、１２の外周面の内輪軌道１６、１６との間にそれぞれ複数個ずつ設けた転動体１７、１７には、上記弾性材の弾力に応じた予圧が付与されている。この結果、上記回転軸４は上記モータケース２の内側に、がたつきなく、回転自在に支持されている。
【０００６】
この様な回転軸４の中間部外周面にはロータ１８を固定し、上記ケース本体５の内周面にはステータ１９を固定して、これらロータ１８の外周面とステータ１９の内周面とを対向させている。又、このステータ１９には、図示しないインバータから高周波交流を印加自在としている。送風ファンを回転駆動させる際には、上記ステータ１９にインバータから交流電流を流し、上記回転軸４を回転させて、この回転軸４に固定したファンを回転駆動する。
【０００７】
この様なインバータ式の交流モータの場合には、前述した様に回転軸４に軸電圧が発生し、何れも金属（軸受鋼）製の外輪１１と内輪１２と転動体１７、１７とにより構成される転がり軸受３、３、モータケース２、このモータケース２が固定されたモータベース、及びこのモータベースが固定された定盤等を通って、大地に電流が流れ、上記転がり軸受３、３に、前述した電食と呼ばれる腐食を発生させる。この様な腐食を防止する為に従来から、次の(1) 〜(3) に示す様な方法が採られていた。
(1) 図４に示す様に、モータケース２と回転軸４との間に、導電材製の腕２１と板ばね２２とにより支持されたブラシ２０を設けて、これら両部材２、４同士を導通させ、上記各転がり軸受３、３に電流が流れるのを防止する。
(2) 上記各転がり軸受３、３に封入する為のグリースとして導電性グリースを使用し、これら各転がり軸受３、３を流れる電流が外輪、内輪両軌道１５、１６や転動体１７、１７の転動面を電流が流れない様にする。
(3) 上記各転がり軸受３、３に封入する為のグリースとして、基油の粘度の高いものを使用し、これら各転がり軸受３、３の外輪、内輪両軌道１５、１６と転動体１７、１７の転動面との間に形成される油膜の厚さを大きくして、これら外輪、内輪両軌道１５、１６や転動体１７、１７の転動面を電流が流れない様にする。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述の様な従来の電食防止方法のうち、(1) のブラシ２０を使用する方法の場合には、回転軸４の先端部にファンを固定する必要上、ブラシ２０を設置するスペースの確保が難しかったり、或はブラシ２０の摩耗粉が周囲環境を汚染する為、実施が困難な場合がある。
又、(2) の導電性グリースを使用する方法の場合には、コストが嵩む上、運転騒音が大きくなる。即ち、導電性グリースは、炭素粉等の導電性粉末を混入している為、この粉末が外輪、内輪両軌道１５、１６と転動体１７、１７の転動面との間に噛み込まれる事で運転騒音が大きくなる。又、この様な特殊なグリースを使用する事により、コストが嵩む。 更に、(3) の高粘度のグリースを使用する方法では、転がり軸受３、３の回転抵抗が増大し、運転時の温度上昇が著しくなる。又、これら転がり軸受３、３を通過しようとする電流が高周波電流であると、油膜厚さ程度の絶縁層を通過する為、電食防止効果が不十分となる。しかも、グリース自体の経時劣化やグリース中への異物の進入により、油膜の形成状態が変化し、電気的な導通状態と絶縁状態とが交互に出現して、電食が発生する可能性がある等、十分な対策とはなり得ない。
本発明のファン駆動用電動モータは、この様な不都合を何れも解消すべく発明したものである。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のファン駆動用電動モータは、前述した従来のファン駆動用モータと同様に、金属製のモータケースと、このモータケースの内側に複数の転がり軸受を介して回転自在に支持された回転軸と、この回転軸に固定されたロータと、上記モータケースに固定されて上記ロータと対向するステータとを備える。そして、このステータにインバータから交流電流を流し、上記回転軸を回転させてこの回転軸に固定したファンを回転駆動する。
特に、本発明のファン駆動用電動モータに於いては、次の(1)(2)の少なくとも１個所を絶縁する事により、上記各転がり軸受に電流が流れる事を防止する。
(1) 上記転がり軸受を構成する外輪とこの外輪を保持している部材との取付個所。
(2) 上記転がり軸受を構成する内輪とこの内輪を保持している部材との取付個所。
又、本発明のファン駆動用電動モータの場合には、上記(1)(2)の少なくとも１個所を、外輪の外周面又は内輪の内周面に複数本の係止凹溝を全周に亙って形成すると共に、この外輪の外周面及び両端面又は上記内輪の内周面及び両端面に絶縁層を形成し、上記各係止凹溝に装着した弾性材製のＯリングを、上記外輪又は上記内輪を保持している部材の周面と摩擦係合させた状態で絶縁している。
【００１０】
【作用】
上述の様に構成される本発明の場合には、インバータからステータに印加される高周波電流に基づいて回転軸に軸電圧が惹起されても、この回転軸から大地への電流の流れを１個所以上で絶縁するので、転がり軸受に電流が流れる事がない。
即ち、本発明の場合には、外輪又は内輪と、これら外輪又は内輪を保持している部材との取付個所が絶縁されるので、これら外輪及び内輪を組み込んで成る転がり軸受に電流が流れる事がなくなる。
従って、回転軸とモータケースとの間に設けた転がり軸受に電流が流れる事はなくなり、この転がり軸受に電食が発生する事がなくなる。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１〜３は、本発明に関する参考例及び本発明の実施の形態を示している。尚、本発明の特徴は、モータケース２の内側に回転軸４を支持する為の転がり軸受３、３に電流が流れるのを防止し、この転がり軸受３、３の構成部品に電食が発生するのを防止する為の構造にある。その他の部分の構造及び作用は、前述した従来構造と同様であるので、同等部分に関する説明は省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本発明に関する参考例及び本発明の特徴部分を中心に説明する。
【００１２】
先ず、図１は、本発明に関する参考例の第１例を示している。１対の転がり軸受３、３の内輪１２、１２は、それぞれ回転軸４の両端部に形成した小径部２３、２３の周囲に、絶縁スリーブ２４、２４を介して外嵌固定している。この絶縁スリーブ２４、２４は、硬質ゴム、合成樹脂等の絶縁材により、断面Ｌ字形で全体を略円筒状に形成している。即ち、これら各絶縁スリーブ２４、２４は、上記小径部２３、２３に外嵌自在な円筒部２５の外周面一端縁に大鍔部２６を、外周面他端縁に小鍔部２７を、それぞれ形成している。そして、このうちの大鍔部２６を上記回転軸４の外周面に形成した段部１３、１３に対向させた状態で、この回転軸４に外嵌している。上記各絶縁スリーブ２４、２４に外嵌した上記各内輪１２、１２を上記回転軸４に支持した状態で、上記各大鍔部２６、２６は、これら各内輪１２、１２の一端面と上記段部１３、１３との間に挟持されて、これら一端面と段部１３、１３とが当接するのを阻止する。又、上記各円筒部２５、２５は、上記各内輪１２、１２の内周面と上記小径部２３、２３の外周面との間に挟持されて、これら両周面同士が当接するのを阻止する。更に、上記各小鍔部２７、２７は、上記各内輪１２、１２の他端面内周縁部に係合して、これら内輪１２、１２と上記各絶縁スリーブ２４、２４とが不用意に分離するのを防止する。
【００１３】
上述の様に構成される本例の場合には、インバータからステータ１９に印加される高周波電流に基づいて回転軸４に軸電圧が惹起されても、この回転軸４とモータケース２との間に電流が流れる事がない。即ち、上記回転軸４を支持する転がり軸受３、３を構成する内輪１２、１２と、これら各内輪１２、１２を保持している部材である回転軸４との取付個所が絶縁されているので、上記回転軸４の電位が上記モータケース２の電位より高くなっても、これら内輪１２、１２を組み込んで成る転がり軸受３、３に電流が流れる事がなくなる。従って、これら各転がり軸受３、３に電食が発生する事がなくなる。
【００１４】
次に、図２は、やはり本発明に関する参考例の第２例を示している。１対の転がり軸受３、３の外輪１１、１１は、それぞれモータケース２の両端部に形成した保持段部９或は保持凹部１０の内側に、絶縁スリーブ２４ａ、２４ａを介して内嵌固定している。この絶縁スリーブ２４ａ、２４ａは、硬質ゴム、合成樹脂等の絶縁材により、断面Ｌ字形で全体を略円筒状に形成している。即ち、これら各絶縁スリーブ２４ａ、２４ａは、上記保持段部９或は保持凹部１０に内嵌自在な円筒部２５ａの内周面一端縁に大鍔部２６ａを、内周面他端縁に小鍔部２７ａを、それぞれ形成している。そして、このうちの大鍔部２６ａを上記保持段部９或は保持凹部１０の奥面に対向させた状態で、これら保持段部９或は保持凹部１０に内嵌している。上記各絶縁スリーブ２４ａ、２４ａに内嵌した上記各外輪１１、１１を上記保持段部９或は保持凹部１０に支持した状態で、上記各大鍔部２６ａ、２６ａは、これら各外輪１１、１１の一端面と上記保持段部９或は保持凹部１０の奥面との間に挟持されて、これら一端面と奥面とが当接するのを阻止する。又、上記各円筒部２５ａ、２５ａは、上記各外輪１１、１１の外周面と上記保持段部９或は保持凹部１０の内周面との間に挟持されて、これら両周面同士が当接するのを阻止する。更に、上記各小鍔部２７ａ、２７ａは、上記各外輪１１、１１の他端面外周縁部に係合して、これら外輪１１、１１と上記各絶縁スリーブ２４ａ、２４ａとが不用意に分離するのを防止する。
【００１５】
上述の様に構成される本例の場合にも、インバータからステータ１９に印加される高周波電流に基づいて回転軸４に軸電圧が惹起されても、この回転軸４とモータケース２との間に電流が流れる事がない。即ち、上記回転軸４を支持する転がり軸受３、３を構成する外輪１１、１１と、これら各外輪１１、１１を保持している部材であるモータケース２との取付個所が絶縁されているので、上記回転軸４の電位が上記モータケース２の電位より高くなっても、これら外輪１１、１１を組み込んで成る転がり軸受３、３に電流が流れる事がなくなる。従って、これら各転がり軸受３、３に電食が発生する事がなくなる。
【００１６】
図３は、本発明に関する参考例の第３、４例及び本発明の実施の形態の第１、２例を示している。先ず、（Ａ）に示した、本発明に関する参考例の第３例の構造は、外輪１１の外周面（又は内輪の内周面）及び一端面に係止凹溝２９、２９を形成し、これら各係止凹溝２９、２９と絶縁スリーブ２４ｂに形成した係止突条３０、３０とを係合させたものである。この様な構造によれば、上記外輪１１と絶縁スリーブ２４ｂとの分離防止をより確実に図れる。尚、この様な構造を造る場合には、上記外輪１１を射出成形型のキャビティ内にセットした状態で、上記絶縁スリーブ２４ｂを射出成形したり、或は別個射出成形した絶縁スリーブ２４ｂを、後から外輪１１に嵌合させて互いに結合する。前者の場合には、上記絶縁スリーブ２４ｂが射出成形後の収縮により外輪１１に強く噛み付き、この外輪１１から外れなくなる。又、後者の場合には、エポキシ樹脂等、熱膨張係数の異なる材質同士の接着に好適な接着剤により上記両部材２４ｂ、１１同士を接着する事が考えられる。
【００１７】
次に、図３（Ｂ）に示した、本発明の実施の形態の第１例の構造は、外輪１１の外周面（又は内輪の内周面）に複数本（図示の例では２本）の係止凹溝３１、３１を全周に亙って形成すると共に、この外輪１１の外周面及び両端面に、ポリ四弗化エチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）等の弗素樹脂の焼き付け皮膜等の絶縁層２８を形成している。尚、この弗素樹脂の焼き付け皮膜中には、フラン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂等の樹脂バインダーを含ませる。更に、上記各係止凹溝３１、３１には、ニトリル等のゴム、或は熱可塑性エラストマー等の弾性材製のＯリング３２、３２を装着している。上記外輪１１を保持段部９或は保持凹部１０（図１〜２参照）に内嵌した状態で、これら各Ｏリング３２、３２は、上記保持段部９或は保持凹部１０の内周面と摩擦係合し、これら保持段部９或は保持凹部１０の内側で上記外輪１１が回転（クリープ）するのを防止する。尚、このクリープ防止作用を得る為、上記Ｏリング３２、３２を構成する弾性材の硬度は、７０〜９０HDA 程度とするのが好ましい。この様な（Ｂ）に示した構造は、上述した（Ａ）に示した構造、並びに次述する（Ｃ）に示した構造よりも低コストである。
【００１８】
次に、図３（Ｃ）に示した、本発明の実施の形態の第２例の構造は、外輪１１の外周面（又は内輪の内周面）及び両端面に係止凹溝２９ａ、２９ａを形成し、これら各係止凹溝２９ａ、２９ａと絶縁スリーブ２４ｃに形成した係止突条３０ａ、３０ａとを係合させ、更にこの絶縁スリーブ２４ｃの外周面２個所位置に形成した係止凹溝３１ａ、３１ａにＯリング３２、３２を装着したものである。これら各Ｏリング３２、３２の材質及び作用は、上述した（Ｂ）の構造の場合と同様である。尚、この様な構造を造る場合には、上記外輪１１を射出成形型のキャビティ内にセットした状態で、上記絶縁スリーブ２４ｃを射出成形する。この絶縁スリーブ２４ｃの材質は、ガラス繊維を４０重量％程度含む、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂（ＰＰＳ）である。この様な（Ｃ）に示した構造は、上記絶縁スリーブ２４ｃの厚さｔを、１mm程度と、上述した（Ｂ）の構造に比べて大きくできるので、（Ｂ）の構造に比べて、絶縁性に関する信頼性を高くできる。
【００１９】
次に、図３（Ｄ）に示した、本発明に関する参考例の第４例の構造は、ゴム、熱可塑性エラストマー等の弾性材により外輪１１とは別体に造った絶縁スリーブ２４ｄを、外輪１１の外周面に、この絶縁スリーブ２４ｄの弾性を利用して被着したものである。弾性材の硬度は、７０〜９０HDA 程度とする。弾性材の材質としては、絶縁性が高いものとして、シリコンゴムを使用する。又、熱伝導性を向上させる為、AlＮ、Al2 Ｏ3 等の充填材を充填する。更に、必要に応じて、上記絶縁スリーブ２４ｄの内周面と上記外輪１１の外周面とを接着しても良い。この様な（Ｄ）に示した構造は、簡単に造れる絶縁スリーブ２４ｄを外輪１１に被着するのみで、電食防止とクリープ防止とを図れる為、低コストで信頼性の高い構造を実現できる。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上に述べた通り構成され作用するので、コストが嵩みしかも運転音を増大させる特殊なグリースを使用せず、しかもブラシを使用しないので運転に伴って塵を発生させる事もない構造で、転がり軸受の電食を防止して、ファン駆動用電動モータの耐久性向上を図れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に関する参考例の第１例を示す断面図。
【図２】同第２例を示す断面図。
【図３】本発明に関する参考例の第３、４例及び本発明の実施の形態の第１、２例を示す部分断面図。
【図４】従来構造の１例を示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
１ ファン駆動用電動モータ
２ モータケース
３ 転がり軸受
４ 回転軸
５ ケース本体
６ 前蓋
７ 後蓋
８ 円孔
９ 保持段部
１０ 保持凹部
１１ 外輪
１２ 内輪
１３ 段部
１４ 波板ばね
１５ 外輪軌道
１６ 内輪軌道
１７ 転動体
１８ ロータ
１９ ステータ
２０ ブラシ
２１ 腕
２２ 板ばね
２３ 小径部
２４、２４ａ、２４ｂ、２４ｃ、２４ｄ 絶縁スリーブ
２５、２５ａ 円筒部
２６、２６ａ 大鍔部
２７、２７ａ 小鍔部
２８ 絶縁層
２９、２９ａ 係止凹溝
３０、３０ａ 係止突条
３１、３１ａ 係止凹溝
３２ Ｏリング[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of an AC motor that performs inverter operation among electric motors for driving a fan that is incorporated in various devices and rotationally drives a fan for blowing air.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a blower fan for an air conditioner is generally rotated by an electric motor. In order to facilitate air volume adjustment, an AC motor that performs inverter operation is widely used as the electric motor. It has been conventionally known that, when the inverter operation of an AC motor is performed in this way, the motor noise generated by switching can be reduced if the carrier frequency of the inverter is set high. In recent years, it has become possible to set the carrier frequency high by improving the performance of semiconductor elements and improving the circuit technology. Under such circumstances, the carrier frequency of the inverter for driving the AC motor is set high.
[0003]
As the carrier frequency is set higher in this way, the voltage (axial voltage) generated on the rotating shaft of the AC motor based on high frequency induction tends to increase. As the shaft voltage increases, the potential difference existing between the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing that supports the rotating shaft increases, and current easily flows in the rolling bearing. Such a current causes corrosion called electric corrosion on the inner ring and outer ring raceways and the rolling surfaces of the rolling elements, thereby deteriorating the durability of the rolling bearing. In view of such circumstances, conventionally, for example, the structure shown in FIG. First, with reference to FIG. 4, a basic structure of a fan-driving electric motor and a conventional electric corrosion prevention structure which are objects of the present invention will be described.
[0004]
The fan driving electric motor 1 has a metal motor case 2 and a metal rotating shaft 4 that is rotatably supported inside the motor case 2 via a pair of rolling bearings 3 and 3. . The motor case 2 includes a cylindrical case main body 5 and a front lid 6 that closes the opening of the front end of the case main body 5 (the end on the side from which the tip end of the rotating shaft 4 protrudes is the right end in FIG. 4); The rear cover 7 closes the rear end opening of the case body 5. Among these, the center part of the front lid 6 is provided with a circular hole 8 through which the tip of the rotary shaft 4 is inserted and a holding step 9 surrounding the circular hole 8. A bottomed cylindrical holding recess 10 is provided on the inner surface. Each of the rolling bearings 3 and 3 is provided between the holding step portion 9 and the holding concave portion 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4.
[0005]
That is, the outer rings 11, 11 constituting the respective rolling bearings 3, 3 are fitted into the holding step 9 or the holding recess 10, and the inner rings 12, 12 are similarly fitted to the rotating shaft 4. Moreover, the mutually opposing end surfaces of the inner rings 12, 12 abut against stepped portions 13, 13 formed in the intermediate portion of the rotating shaft 4. Further, an elastic material such as a corrugated spring 14 is sandwiched between the inner surface of the holding recess 10 and the end face of the outer ring 11 fitted in the holding recess 10, and the outer ring 11 is connected to the other (see FIG. 4). It is pressing toward the outer ring 11 on the right side. Accordingly, a plurality of rolling elements 17, 17 are provided between the outer ring raceways 15, 15 on the inner peripheral surface of each outer ring 11, 11 and the inner ring raceways 16, 16 on the outer peripheral surface of each inner ring 12, 12. Is applied with a preload corresponding to the elasticity of the elastic material. As a result, the rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported on the inner side of the motor case 2 without rattling.
[0006]
The rotor 18 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate part of the rotating shaft 4 and the stator 19 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the case body 5. The outer peripheral surface of the rotor 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the stator 19 are Are facing each other. Further, high frequency alternating current can be applied to the stator 19 from an inverter (not shown). When the blower fan is rotationally driven, an alternating current is passed through the stator 19 from the inverter, the rotary shaft 4 is rotated, and the fan fixed to the rotary shaft 4 is rotationally driven.
[0007]
In the case of such an inverter-type AC motor, a shaft voltage is generated on the rotating shaft 4 as described above, and each is constituted by an outer ring 11 made of metal (bearing steel), an inner ring 12 and rolling elements 17 and 17. Through the rolling bearings 3 and 3, the motor case 2, the motor base to which the motor case 2 is fixed, the surface plate to which the motor base is fixed, and the like. Further, the above-described corrosion called electric corrosion is generated. In order to prevent such corrosion, conventionally, the following methods (1) to (3) have been adopted.
(1) As shown in FIG. 4, a brush 20 supported by an arm 21 made of a conductive material and a leaf spring 22 is provided between the motor case 2 and the rotating shaft 4, and the two members 2, 4 are connected to each other. To prevent current from flowing through each of the rolling bearings 3 and 3.
(2) Conductive grease is used as the grease to be enclosed in each of the rolling bearings 3, 3, and the current flowing through each of the rolling bearings 3, 3 is applied to the outer ring and inner ring raceways 15, 16 and the rolling elements 17, 17. Prevent current from flowing through the rolling surface.
(3) A grease having a high base oil viscosity is used as the grease to be enclosed in each of the rolling bearings 3 and 3, and the outer ring and inner ring raceways 15 and 16 of the rolling bearings 3 and 3, and the rolling elements 17, The thickness of the oil film formed between the 17 and 17 rolling surfaces is increased so that no current flows through the outer ring and inner ring raceways 15 and 16 and the rolling surfaces of the rolling elements 17 and 17.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Of the conventional methods for preventing electric corrosion as described above, in the method using the brush 20 of (1), it is necessary to fix a fan to the tip of the rotating shaft 4 and to secure a space for installing the brush 20. It may be difficult to carry out, or it may be difficult to carry out because the abrasion powder of the brush 20 contaminates the surrounding environment.
In the case of the method (2) using the conductive grease, the cost is increased and the operation noise is increased. That is, since the conductive grease is mixed with conductive powder such as carbon powder, the powder is caught between the outer ring and inner ring raceways 15 and 16 and the rolling surfaces of the rolling elements 17 and 17. Driving noise increases. In addition, the use of such special grease increases the cost. Furthermore, in the method (3) using the high-viscosity grease, the rotational resistance of the rolling bearings 3 and 3 increases, and the temperature rise during operation becomes significant. Further, if the current passing through the rolling bearings 3 and 3 is a high-frequency current, the effect of preventing electrolytic corrosion is insufficient because it passes through an insulating layer having an oil film thickness. Moreover, due to the deterioration of the grease itself over time and the entry of foreign matter into the grease, the oil film formation state changes, and the electrical conduction state and the insulation state appear alternately, which may cause electric corrosion. It cannot be a sufficient measure.
The electric motor for driving the fan of the present invention was invented to eliminate all of these disadvantages.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Fan drive electric motor of the present invention, the front similarly to the conventional fan drive motor was described, a metallic motor case, rotatably supported rotated through a plurality of rolling bearings inside the motor case A shaft, a rotor fixed to the rotating shaft, and a stator fixed to the motor case and facing the rotor. Then, an alternating current is supplied to the stator from the inverter, the rotating shaft is rotated, and the fan fixed to the rotating shaft is rotationally driven.
In particular, in the electric motor for driving the fan of the present invention, at least one of the following (1) and (2) is insulated to prevent a current from flowing through each of the rolling bearings.
(1) A mounting portion between the outer ring constituting the rolling bearing and the member holding the outer ring.
(2) A mounting portion between the inner ring constituting the rolling bearing and the member holding the inner ring.
In the case of the electric motor for driving the fan of the present invention, at least one of the above (1) and (2) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring or the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring with a plurality of locking grooves. In addition to forming the insulating ring on the outer peripheral surface and both end surfaces of the outer ring or the inner peripheral surface and both end surfaces of the inner ring, the O-ring made of an elastic material attached to each locking groove is Insulation is performed in a state of frictional engagement with a peripheral surface of a member holding the outer ring or the inner ring.
[0010]
[Action]
In the case of the present invention configured as described above, even if a shaft voltage is induced on the rotating shaft based on the high-frequency current applied from the inverter to the stator, the current flow from the rotating shaft to the ground is one place. Since insulation is performed as described above, no current flows through the rolling bearing.
In other words, in the case of the present invention, the attachment points between the outer ring or the inner ring and the member holding the outer ring or the inner ring are insulated, so that a current may flow through a rolling bearing incorporating the outer ring and the inner ring. Disappear.
Therefore, no current flows through the rolling bearing provided between the rotating shaft and the motor case, and no electrolytic corrosion occurs in the rolling bearing.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show a reference example related to the present invention and an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the present invention is that current is prevented from flowing through the rolling bearings 3 and 3 for supporting the rotating shaft 4 inside the motor case 2, and electrolytic corrosion occurs in the components of the rolling bearings 3 and 3. It is in the structure for preventing it. Since the structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the conventional structure described above, the explanation for the equivalent parts is omitted or simplified, and the following description will focus on reference examples relating to the present invention and characteristic parts of the present invention.
[0012]
First, FIG. 1 shows a first example of a reference example related to the present invention . The inner rings 12, 12 of the pair of rolling bearings 3, 3 are externally fixed around the small diameter portions 23, 23 formed at both ends of the rotating shaft 4 via insulating sleeves 24, 24. The insulating sleeves 24 and 24 are made of an insulating material such as hard rubber or synthetic resin and are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with an L-shaped cross section. That is, each of the insulating sleeves 24, 24 has a large collar part 26 at one edge of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 25 that can be fitted around the small diameter parts 23, 23, and a small collar part 27 at the other edge of the outer peripheral surface. Forming. Of these, the large collar portion 26 is externally fitted to the rotating shaft 4 in a state of facing the step portions 13 and 13 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4. In a state where the inner rings 12, 12 externally fitted to the insulating sleeves 24, 24 are supported on the rotating shaft 4, the large collar portions 26, 26 are connected to one end surface of the inner rings 12, 12 and the stepped portion. It is clamped between the parts 13 and 13, and it prevents that these one end surfaces and the step parts 13 and 13 contact | abut. The cylindrical portions 25 and 25 are sandwiched between the inner peripheral surface of the inner rings 12 and 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portions 23 and 23 to prevent these peripheral surfaces from coming into contact with each other. To do. Further, each of the small collar portions 27, 27 engages with the inner peripheral edge of the other end surface of each of the inner rings 12, 12, and the inner rings 12, 12 and the insulating sleeves 24, 24 are inadvertently separated. To prevent.
[0013]
In the case of this example configured as described above, even if an axial voltage is induced in the rotating shaft 4 based on the high-frequency current applied from the inverter to the stator 19, the rotating shaft 4 and the motor case 2 are not connected. There is no current flowing through. That is, since the mounting portions of the inner rings 12 and 12 constituting the rolling bearings 3 and 3 that support the rotating shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 4 that is a member holding the inner rings 12 and 12 are insulated. Even if the electric potential of the rotating shaft 4 becomes higher than the electric potential of the motor case 2, no current flows through the rolling bearings 3, 3 incorporating the inner rings 12, 12. Therefore, no electrolytic corrosion occurs in each of the rolling bearings 3 and 3.
[0014]
Next, FIG. 2 shows a second example of the reference example related to the present invention . The outer rings 11 and 11 of the pair of rolling bearings 3 and 3 are fitted and fixed to the inside of the holding step 9 or holding recess 10 formed at both ends of the motor case 2 via insulating sleeves 24a and 24a, respectively. ing. The insulating sleeves 24a and 24a are made of an insulating material such as hard rubber or synthetic resin and are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with an L-shaped cross section. That is, each of the insulating sleeves 24a, 24a has a large collar portion 26a at one edge of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 25a that can be fitted in the holding step portion 9 or the holding recess 10 and a small edge at the other end of the inner peripheral surface. The flange portions 27a are formed respectively. Of these, the large collar portion 26 a is fitted into the holding step portion 9 or the holding recess portion 10 with the holding step portion 9 or the holding recess portion 10 facing the back surface. In a state where the outer rings 11, 11 fitted inside the insulating sleeves 24 a, 24 a are supported by the holding step portion 9 or the holding recess 10, the large collar portions 26 a, 26 a are connected to the outer rings 11, 11. Are held between the one end face and the back face of the holding step 9 or the holding recess 10 to prevent the one end face and the back face from coming into contact with each other. The cylindrical portions 25a and 25a are sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the outer rings 11 and 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the holding step portion 9 or the holding concave portion 10, and the two peripheral surfaces are in contact with each other. Stop contact. Further, the respective small flange portions 27a, 27a engage with the outer peripheral edge portions of the other end surfaces of the outer rings 11, 11, and the outer rings 11, 11 and the insulating sleeves 24a, 24a are carelessly separated. To prevent.
[0015]
Even in the case of this example configured as described above, even if an axial voltage is induced in the rotating shaft 4 based on the high-frequency current applied from the inverter to the stator 19, the rotating shaft 4 and the motor case 2 are not connected. There is no current flowing through. That is, since the mounting portions of the outer rings 11 and 11 constituting the rolling bearings 3 and 3 that support the rotating shaft 4 and the motor case 2 that is a member holding these outer rings 11 and 11 are insulated. Even when the electric potential of the rotating shaft 4 becomes higher than the electric potential of the motor case 2, no current flows through the rolling bearings 3, 3 incorporating the outer rings 11, 11. Therefore, no electrolytic corrosion occurs in each of the rolling bearings 3 and 3.
[0016]
FIG. 3 shows third and fourth examples of the reference example related to the present invention and first and second examples of the embodiment of the present invention . First, in the structure of the third example of the reference example related to the present invention shown in (A), the locking grooves 29 and 29 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 11 (or the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring) and one end surface, These locking grooves 29, 29 are engaged with locking ridges 30, 30 formed on the insulating sleeve 24b. According to such a structure, separation of the outer ring 11 and the insulating sleeve 24b can be prevented more reliably. In the case of constructing such a structure, the insulating sleeve 24b is injection-molded with the outer ring 11 set in the cavity of the injection mold, or the insulating sleeve 24b separately molded is formed later. Are fitted to the outer ring 11 and coupled to each other. In the former case, the insulating sleeve 24b is strongly engaged with the outer ring 11 by contraction after injection molding, and cannot be detached from the outer ring 11. In the latter case, it is conceivable that the members 24b and 11 are bonded to each other with an adhesive suitable for bonding materials having different thermal expansion coefficients such as epoxy resin.
[0017]
Next, the structure of the first example of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 (B) has a plurality (two in the illustrated example) on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 11 (or the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring). Are formed over the entire circumference, and an insulating layer 28 such as a baking film of fluorine resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is formed on the outer peripheral surface and both end surfaces of the outer ring 11. Is forming. The fluororesin baked film contains a resin binder such as furan resin, epoxy resin, or polyamideimide resin. Further, O-rings 32, 32 made of rubber such as nitrile or elastic material such as thermoplastic elastomer are mounted in the respective locking grooves 31, 31. In a state in which the outer ring 11 is fitted in the holding step 9 or the holding recess 10 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), these O-rings 32 and 32 are the inner peripheral surfaces of the holding step 9 or the holding recess 10. And the outer ring 11 is prevented from rotating (creeping) inside the holding step 9 or holding recess 10. Incidentally, to obtain the anti-creep effect, the hardness of the elastic material constituting the O-ring 32 and 32, preferably about 70~90HD A. Such a structure shown in (B) is less expensive than the structure shown in (A) described above and the structure shown in (C) described below.
[0018]
Next, in the structure of the second example of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3C, locking grooves 29a and 29a are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 11 (or the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring) and both end surfaces. The engaging recesses 29a, 29a are engaged with the engaging protrusions 30a, 30a formed on the insulating sleeve 24c, and the engaging recesses formed at two positions on the outer peripheral surface of the insulating sleeve 24c are formed. O-rings 32 and 32 are attached to the grooves 31a and 31a. The materials and functions of these O-rings 32 and 32 are the same as in the case of the structure (B) described above. In the case of producing such a structure, the insulating sleeve 24c is injection-molded with the outer ring 11 set in the cavity of an injection mold. The material of the insulating sleeve 24c is polyphenylene sulfide resin (PPS) containing about 40% by weight of glass fiber. In such a structure shown in (C), since the thickness t of the insulating sleeve 24c can be increased to about 1 mm as compared with the structure of (B) described above, the insulating sleeve 24c is insulated compared to the structure of (B). High reliability in terms of sex.
[0019]
Next, the structure of the fourth example of the reference example related to the present invention shown in FIG. 3D is that an insulating sleeve 24d made separately from the outer ring 11 by an elastic material such as rubber or thermoplastic elastomer is provided. 11 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface by utilizing the elasticity of the insulating sleeve 24d. The hardness of the elastic material is about 70 to 90 HD A. As the material of the elastic material, silicon rubber is used as a material having high insulation. In order to improve thermal conductivity, a filler such as AlN or Al 2 O 3 is filled. Furthermore, you may adhere | attach the inner peripheral surface of the said insulation sleeve 24d, and the outer peripheral surface of the said outer ring | wheel 11 as needed. Such a structure shown in (D) can realize a highly reliable structure at low cost because it can prevent electric corrosion and creep by simply attaching an insulating sleeve 24d that can be easily made to the outer ring 11. .
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it does not use special grease that increases costs and increases operation noise, and does not use brushes, so it does not generate dust during operation. With the structure, the electric corrosion of the rolling bearing can be prevented, and the durability of the electric motor for driving the fan can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of a reference example according to the present invention .
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the second example.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing third and fourth examples of reference examples related to the present invention and first and second examples of an embodiment of the present invention ;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fan drive motor 2 Motor case 3 Rolling bearing 4 Rotating shaft 5 Case main body 6 Front cover 7 Rear cover 8 Circular hole 9 Holding step part 10 Holding recessed part 11 Outer ring 12 Inner ring 13 Step part 14 Corrugated spring 15 Outer ring track 16 Inner ring Track 17 Rolling element 18 Rotor 19 Stator 20 Brush 21 Arm 22 Leaf spring 23 Small diameter portion 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d Insulating sleeve 25, 25a Cylindrical portion 26, 26a Large collar portion 27, 27a Small collar portion 28 Insulating layer 29 , 29a Locking groove 30, 30a Locking protrusion 31, 31a Locking groove 32 O-ring

Claims (3)

金属製のモータケースと、このモータケースの内側に複数の転がり軸受を介して回転自在に支持された回転軸と、この回転軸に固定されたロータと、上記モータケースに固定されて上記ロータと対向するステータとを備え、このステータにインバータから交流電流を流し、上記回転軸を回転させてこの回転軸に固定したファンを回転駆動するファン駆動用電動モータに於いて、次の(1)(2)の少なくとも１個所を、外輪の外周面又は内輪の内周面に複数本の係止凹溝を全周に亙って形成すると共に、この外輪の外周面及び両端面又は上記内輪の内周面及び両端面に絶縁層を形成し、上記各係止凹溝に装着した弾性材製のＯリングを、上記外輪又は上記内輪を保持している部材の周面と摩擦係合させた状態で絶縁する事により、上記各転がり軸受に電流が流れる事を防止した事を特徴とするファン駆動用電動モータ。
(1) 上記転がり軸受を構成する外輪とこの外輪を保持している部材との取付個所。
(2) 上記転がり軸受を構成する内輪とこの内輪を保持している部材との取付個所。A metal motor case, a rotary shaft rotatably supported inside the motor case via a plurality of rolling bearings, a rotor fixed to the rotary shaft, a rotor fixed to the motor case and the rotor In an electric motor for driving a fan, which includes an opposing stator, an alternating current is passed from the inverter to the stator, the rotary shaft is rotated, and the fan fixed to the rotary shaft is driven to rotate. At least one part of 2) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring or the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring over the entire circumference, and the outer peripheral surface and both end surfaces of the outer ring or the inner ring An insulating layer is formed on the peripheral surface and both end surfaces, and an elastic O-ring mounted in each locking groove is frictionally engaged with a peripheral surface of a member holding the outer ring or the inner ring Insulating with each of the above rolling bearings Electric motor drive the fan, characterized in that to prevent that the flow flows.
(1) A mounting portion between the outer ring constituting the rolling bearing and the member holding the outer ring.
(2) A mounting location between the inner ring constituting the rolling bearing and the member holding the inner ring. 絶縁層が、フラン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂のうちから選択される樹脂バインダーを含む、ポリ四弗化エチレンの焼き付け皮膜である、請求項１に記載したファン駆動用電動モータ。The electric motor for driving a fan according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene baking film containing a resin binder selected from a furan resin, an epoxy resin, and a polyamide-imide resin. 絶縁層が、ガラス繊維を含むポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂製のスリーブである、請求項１に記載したファン駆動用電動モータ。The electric motor for driving a fan according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer is a sleeve made of polyphenylene sulfide resin containing glass fiber.
JP22863196A 1996-08-29 1996-08-29 Electric motor for fan drive Expired - Fee Related JP3612879B2 (en)

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