JP3610404B2 - Outboard motor cooling system - Google Patents

Outboard motor cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3610404B2
JP3610404B2 JP25291995A JP25291995A JP3610404B2 JP 3610404 B2 JP3610404 B2 JP 3610404B2 JP 25291995 A JP25291995 A JP 25291995A JP 25291995 A JP25291995 A JP 25291995A JP 3610404 B2 JP3610404 B2 JP 3610404B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cooling water
engine
sub tank
outboard motor
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP25291995A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH0988585A (en
Inventor
仁司 渡辺
正哲 高橋
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ヤマハマリン株式会社
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Priority to JP25291995A priority Critical patent/JP3610404B2/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/04Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers
    • F02B61/045Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers for outboard marine engines

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、船外機の却装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、船外機のエンジンは海水によって冷却されるが、冷却に供された海水はそのまま捨てられていた。つまり、従来は海水をオープンループで流してエンジンを冷却していた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、従来のように海水をオープンループで流す冷却方式では、エンジンの入口と出口における冷却水の温度差が大きく、エンジン内で冷却水温が不均一となって信頼性が損なわれる他、エンジンの暖機運転時間が長くなるという問題があった。
【0004】
そこで、車両用エンジンと同様に冷却水を閉ループで循環させる方式を船外機にも適用することが考えられるが、この方式には熱を外部に放出するためのラジエータが不可欠であり、特に設置スペースに制約を伴う船外機の大型化を招くために斯かる方式を採用することは困難である。
【0005】
本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とする処は、簡単な鋼製でエンジン冷却水温の均一化と暖機運転時間の短縮を図ることができる船外機の冷却装置を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る船外機の冷却装置は、船外機本体のエンジン下方に設けられたサブタンクと、該サブタンクに新たな冷却水を供給する吸い上げポンプと、サブタンクとエンジンを結んで閉ループを構成する冷却水通路と、該冷却水通路に設けられた循環ポンプと、冷却水通路から分岐して船外機外へ開口する排出通路と、該排出通路に設けられたサーモスタットと、前記サブタンクの底部に取り付けられた電磁バルブと、を備え、
前記吸い上げポンプの吐出側をウォータチューブを介して前記電磁バルブに接続し、エンジンの始動前において前記電磁バルブを開いて前記サブタンク内の冷却水を外部に排出しておき、
エンジンが始動され、冷却水温が所定値以下である場合には冷却水を前記冷却水通路とサブタンクで構成される閉ループ内で循環せしめ、冷却水温が所定値を超えると冷却水の一部を閉ループ外の前記排出通路へ排出するとともに、新たな冷却水を閉ループ内に補給するよう構成して成るものとしたことを特徴とする。
【0008】
従って、本発明によれば、冷却水温が所定温度以下の範囲では冷却水は閉ループを構成する冷却水通路を循環してエンジンの冷却に供せられるため、エンジンでの冷却水温が均一化されて信頼性が高められるとともに、エンジン始動時に冷却水温が所定温度まで急速に高められるためにエンジンの暖機運転時間が短縮される。
【0009】
又、冷却水温が所定値を超えると、温度の高い冷却水の一部が排出されて温度の低い新たな冷却水が閉ループ内に補給されるため、ラジエータを設けなくても閉ループ内を循環する冷却水の温度を所定値以下に抑えることができ、冷却装置の構造単純化を図ることができる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。
【0011】
図1は本発明に係る冷却装置の構成を示す船外機の側面図、図2は同冷却装置の部分構成図、図3は同冷却装置の作用を示すフローチャートである。
【0012】
図1に示す船外機50はクランプブラケット51によって船体60の船尾板60aに取り付けられており、これはチルト軸52を中心として上下に揺動し、その上部のカウリング53内にはエンジン30が収納されている。又、船外機50の下部には推進装置40が設けられており、該推進装置40は前記エンジン30によって回転駆動されて所要の推進力を発生するプロペラ41を備えている。
【0013】
而して、船外機50には本発明に係る冷却装置1が設けられているが、ここで、この冷却装置1の構成を図1に基づいて説明する。
【0014】
冷却装置1は船外機50の前記エンジン30の下方に搭載されるサブタンク2を有しており、該サブタンク2の側部には、サブタンク2内の冷却水の水面(水位h)を検出するためのレベルセンサ3が取り付けられている。又、サブタンク2の底部には、レベルセンサ3に連動して開閉する電磁バルブ4が取り付けられている。尚、レベルセンサ3と電磁バルブ4はエンジン制御装置(ECU)70に電気的に接続されており、該エンジン制御装置70は船外機50側のメインスイッチ71と船体60側のメインスイッチ72に電気的に接続されている。
【0015】
上記サブタンク2には、該サブタンク2と前記エンジン30とを結んで閉ループを構成する冷却水通路5の入口5aと出口5bが接続されており、サブタンク2の上方であって、且つ、冷却水通路5の入口5aに近い側には循環ポンプ6が設けられている。又、同じくサブタンク2の上方であって、冷却水通路5の出口5bに近い側からは排出通路7が分岐しており、該排出通路7は後方に延出して船外機50外の大気中に開口している。そして、この排出通路7には、前記冷却水通路5を流れる冷却水の温度tが所定値t を超える(t>t )と開くサーモスタット8が設けられている。
【0016】
他方、前記サブタンク2の下方には、ドライブ軸20によって駆動されて冷却水である海水を吸い上げてこれをサブタンク2に供給するための吸い上げポンプ9が設置されており、該吸い上げポンプ9の吸入側には、前記推進装置40の側部に開口する冷却水取入口10に連なる吸込管11が接続されている。又、吸い上げポンプ9の吐出側はウォータチューブ12を介して前記電磁バルブ4に接続されている。尚、吸い上げポンプ9には、所定圧以上で開くリリーフバルブ13が設けられている。
【0017】
次に、本冷却装置1の作用を図3に示すフローチャートに従って説明する。
【0018】
船外機50においては、エンジン30の始動前において電磁バルブ4は開き、サーモスタット8は閉じられ、サブタンク2内の冷却水は外部に排出されている。
【0019】
而して、メインスイッチ71又は72がONされて(図3のSTEP1)エンジン30が始動されると(図3のSTEP2)、ドライブ軸20によって吸い上げポンプ9が駆動されて冷却水が冷却水取入口10から吸引され、吸引された冷却水はウォータチューブ12及び開状態にある電磁バルブ4を通ってサブタンク2内に供給される。これと同時に循環ポンプ6が駆動され、サブタンク2内に収容された冷却水(海水)は閉ループを構成する冷却水通路5を図1及び図2の矢印方向に流れてエンジン30を冷却する。このため、冷却水通路5を循環する冷却水の温度tはエンジン30の熱によって所定温度まで急速に高められ、従って、エンジン30の暖機運転時間が短縮される。
【0020】
エンジン30の始動後、サブタンク2内の冷却水の水位hはレベルセンサ3によって検出され、水位hが定用水位h (図2参照)に達すると、電磁バルブ4が閉じられる。(図3のSTEP3,4)
而して、冷却水の温度tが所定値t を超える(t>t )と、サーモスタット8が開かれ(図3のSTEP5,6)、冷却水通路5を流れる温度の高い冷却水の一部が排出通路7を通って船外機50外に排出される。すると、サブタンク2内の冷却水の水位hが次第に下がり、レベルセンサ3によって水位hが図2に示す下限水位h まで下がったことが検出されると、サーモスタット8が閉じらた後、電磁バルブ4が開かれる(図3のSTEP7〜9)。
【0021】
上述のように電磁バルブ4が開かれると、吸い上げポンプ9によって冷却水取入口10から吸込管11を経て吸い上げられた温度の低い新たな冷却水(海水)がウォータチューブ12及び電磁バルブ4を通ってサブタンク2内に補給される。すると、サブタンク2内の冷却水の水位hが次第に上昇し、レベルセンサ3によって水位hが図2に示す定用水位h まで上昇したことが検知されると、電磁バルブ4が閉じられ(図3のSTEP3,4)、サブタンク2への冷却水の補給が停止される。つまり、冷却水通路5を循環する冷却水の温度tが所定値t を超えると、排出通路7から排出された温度の高い冷却水がこれと同量の温度の低い冷却水によって置換されるため、放熱用のラジエータを設けなくてもエンジン30の熱は排出される冷却水によって船外機50外に放出され、この結果、冷却水通路5を循環する冷却水の温度tは所定値t 以下に抑えられ、冷却装置1の構造単純化が図られる。
【0022】
而して、温度の低い冷却水の補給によって温度の下がった冷却水は、その温度tが所定値t 以下である間は冷却水通路5を循環してエンジン30の冷却に供され、その温度tが所定値t を超えると、前述のようにその一部が温度の低い新たな冷却水によって置換され、以後は同様の作用が繰り返される。
【0023】
そして、エンジン30が停止すると(図3のSTEP10)、メインスイッチ71又は72がOFFされ(図3のSTEP11)、サブタンク2内の冷却水は外部に排出され、一連の動作が終了する。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明によれば、冷却水温が所定温度以下の範囲では冷却水は閉ループを構成する冷却水通路を循環してエンジンの冷却に供せられるため、エンジンでの冷却水温が均一化されて信頼性が高められるとともに、エンジン始動時に冷却水温が所定温度まで急速に高められるためにエンジンの暖機運転時間が短縮されるという効果が得られる。
【0025】
又、本発明によれば、冷却水温が所定値を超えると、温度の高い冷却水の一部が排出されて温度の低い新たな冷却水が閉ループ内に補給されるため、ラジエータを設けなくても閉ループ内を循環する冷却水の温度を所定値以下に抑えることができ、冷却装置の構造単純化を図ることができるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る冷却装置の構成を示す船外機の側面図である。
【図2】本発明に係る冷却装置の部分構成図である。
【図3】本発明に係る冷却装置の作用を示すフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
1 冷却装置
2 サブタンク
3 レベルセンサ(水位検知手段)
4 電磁バルブ(冷却水流量制御手段)
5 冷却水通路
6 循環ポンプ
7 排出通路
8 サーモスタット
9 吸い上げポンプ
50 船外機
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling system for an outboard motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the engine of an outboard motor is cooled by seawater, but the seawater used for cooling has been discarded as it is. That is, conventionally, the engine was cooled by flowing seawater in an open loop.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional cooling method in which seawater flows in an open loop, the temperature difference between the cooling water at the inlet and the outlet of the engine is large, the cooling water temperature is uneven in the engine and the reliability is impaired. There was a problem that the warm-up operation time was prolonged.
[0004]
Therefore, it is conceivable to apply a method of circulating cooling water in a closed loop as well as a vehicle engine to an outboard motor. However, a radiator for releasing heat to the outside is indispensable for this method. It is difficult to adopt such a method in order to increase the size of an outboard motor with space constraints.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, treatment is cooling system for an outboard motor can be shortened homogenization and warming up time of the engine coolant temperature is made simple steel its intended Is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an outboard motor cooling apparatus according to the present invention includes a sub tank provided below an engine of the outboard motor body, a suction pump for supplying new cooling water to the sub tank, a sub tank and an engine. A cooling water passage that forms a closed loop by connecting, a circulation pump provided in the cooling water passage, a discharge passage that branches off from the cooling water passage and opens to the outside of the outboard motor, and a thermostat provided in the discharge passage And an electromagnetic valve attached to the bottom of the sub tank,
The discharge side of the suction pump is connected to the electromagnetic valve via a water tube, and before starting the engine, the electromagnetic valve is opened to discharge the cooling water in the sub tank to the outside,
When the engine is started and the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined value , the cooling water is circulated in a closed loop composed of the cooling water passage and the sub tank . When the cooling water temperature exceeds a predetermined value, a part of the cooling water is closed loop. It is characterized in that it is configured to discharge to the outside discharge passage and to supply new cooling water into the closed loop.
[0008]
Therefore, according to the present invention, in the range where the cooling water temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, the cooling water is circulated through the cooling water passage constituting the closed loop to be used for cooling the engine, so that the cooling water temperature in the engine is made uniform. The reliability is enhanced, and the engine warm-up time is shortened because the coolant temperature is rapidly increased to a predetermined temperature when the engine is started.
[0009]
When the cooling water temperature exceeds a predetermined value, a part of the high temperature cooling water is discharged and new low temperature cooling water is replenished in the closed loop, so that it circulates in the closed loop without providing a radiator. The temperature of the cooling water can be suppressed to a predetermined value or less, and the structure of the cooling device can be simplified.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an outboard motor showing the configuration of the cooling device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial configuration diagram of the cooling device, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cooling device.
[0012]
An outboard motor 50 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to a stern plate 60 a of a hull 60 by a clamp bracket 51, which swings up and down around a tilt shaft 52, and an engine 30 is placed in an upper cowling 53. It is stored. A propulsion device 40 is provided below the outboard motor 50, and the propulsion device 40 includes a propeller 41 that is rotationally driven by the engine 30 to generate a required propulsion force.
[0013]
Thus, the outboard motor 50 is provided with the cooling device 1 according to the present invention. Here, the configuration of the cooling device 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0014]
The cooling device 1 has a sub tank 2 mounted below the engine 30 of the outboard motor 50, and detects the water level (water level h) of the cooling water in the sub tank 2 at the side of the sub tank 2. A level sensor 3 is attached. An electromagnetic valve 4 that opens and closes in conjunction with the level sensor 3 is attached to the bottom of the sub tank 2. The level sensor 3 and the electromagnetic valve 4 are electrically connected to an engine control unit (ECU) 70. The engine control unit 70 is connected to a main switch 71 on the outboard motor 50 side and a main switch 72 on the hull 60 side. Electrically connected.
[0015]
The sub tank 2 is connected to an inlet 5a and an outlet 5b of a cooling water passage 5 that connect the sub tank 2 and the engine 30 to form a closed loop. A circulation pump 6 is provided on the side close to the inlet 5a. Similarly, a discharge passage 7 is branched above the sub-tank 2 and close to the outlet 5b of the cooling water passage 5. The discharge passage 7 extends rearward and is in the atmosphere outside the outboard motor 50. Is open. The discharge passage 7 is provided with a thermostat 8 that opens when the temperature t of the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 5 exceeds a predetermined value t 0 (t> t 0 ).
[0016]
On the other hand, a suction pump 9 is installed under the sub-tank 2 to suck up seawater as cooling water driven by the drive shaft 20 and supply it to the sub-tank 2. The suction pipe 11 is connected to the cooling water intake 10 that opens to the side of the propulsion device 40. The discharge side of the suction pump 9 is connected to the electromagnetic valve 4 via a water tube 12. The suction pump 9 is provided with a relief valve 13 that opens above a predetermined pressure.
[0017]
Next, the operation of the cooling device 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0018]
In the outboard motor 50, the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened before the engine 30 is started, the thermostat 8 is closed, and the cooling water in the sub tank 2 is discharged to the outside.
[0019]
Thus, when the main switch 71 or 72 is turned on (STEP 1 in FIG. 3) and the engine 30 is started (STEP 2 in FIG. 3), the suction pump 9 is driven by the drive shaft 20 and the cooling water is drawn. The cooling water sucked from the inlet 10 is supplied into the sub tank 2 through the water tube 12 and the electromagnetic valve 4 in the open state. At the same time, the circulation pump 6 is driven, and the cooling water (seawater) accommodated in the sub-tank 2 flows through the cooling water passage 5 constituting the closed loop in the direction of the arrow in FIGS. 1 and 2 to cool the engine 30. For this reason, the temperature t of the cooling water circulating in the cooling water passage 5 is rapidly increased to a predetermined temperature by the heat of the engine 30, and therefore the warm-up operation time of the engine 30 is shortened.
[0020]
After the engine 30 is started, the water level h of the cooling water in the sub tank 2 is detected by the level sensor 3, and when the water level h reaches the regular water level h 2 (see FIG. 2), the electromagnetic valve 4 is closed. (STEP 3 and 4 in FIG. 3)
Thus, when the temperature t of the cooling water exceeds the predetermined value t 0 (t> t 0 ), the thermostat 8 is opened (STEPs 5 and 6 in FIG. 3), and the high-temperature cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 5 is opened. A part is discharged out of the outboard motor 50 through the discharge passage 7. Then, decreases gradually water level h of the cooling water in the subtank 2, the water level h by the level sensor 3 is detected to have fallen to a lower limit water level h 1 shown in FIG. 2, after the thermostat 8 was closed, et al., Electromagnetic valve 4 is opened (STEPs 7 to 9 in FIG. 3).
[0021]
When the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened as described above, new cooling water (seawater) having a low temperature drawn up from the cooling water inlet 10 through the suction pipe 11 by the suction pump 9 passes through the water tube 12 and the electromagnetic valve 4. To be supplied into the sub tank 2. Then, when the water level h of the cooling water in the sub tank 2 gradually rises and the level sensor 3 detects that the water level h has risen to the regular water level h 2 shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic valve 4 is closed (FIG. 3, STEP 3, 4), the supply of cooling water to the sub-tank 2 is stopped. That is, when the temperature t of the cooling water circulating in the cooling water passage 5 exceeds the predetermined value t 0 , the high temperature cooling water discharged from the discharge passage 7 is replaced with the same amount of low temperature cooling water. Therefore, even if a radiator for heat dissipation is not provided, the heat of the engine 30 is released to the outside of the outboard motor 50 by the discharged cooling water, and as a result, the temperature t of the cooling water circulating in the cooling water passage 5 is a predetermined value t. Thus, the structure of the cooling device 1 can be simplified.
[0022]
Thus, the cooling water whose temperature is lowered by replenishing the cooling water having a low temperature is circulated through the cooling water passage 5 and used for cooling the engine 30 while the temperature t is equal to or less than the predetermined value t 0. When the temperature t exceeds the predetermined value t 0 , a part thereof is replaced with new cooling water having a low temperature as described above, and thereafter the same operation is repeated.
[0023]
When the engine 30 is stopped (STEP 10 in FIG. 3), the main switch 71 or 72 is turned OFF (STEP 11 in FIG. 3), the cooling water in the sub tank 2 is discharged to the outside, and a series of operations is completed.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, in the range where the cooling water temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, the cooling water circulates through the cooling water passage constituting the closed loop and is used for cooling the engine. The cooling water temperature is made uniform and reliability is improved, and the cooling water temperature is rapidly increased to a predetermined temperature when the engine is started, so that the engine warm-up operation time can be shortened.
[0025]
Further, according to the present invention, when the cooling water temperature exceeds a predetermined value, a part of the cooling water having a high temperature is discharged and new cooling water having a low temperature is replenished in the closed loop. In addition, the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the closed loop can be suppressed to a predetermined value or less, and the effect that the structure of the cooling device can be simplified can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an outboard motor showing a configuration of a cooling device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial configuration diagram of a cooling device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cooling device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Cooling device 2 Sub tank 3 Level sensor (water level detection means)
4 Solenoid valve (cooling water flow rate control means)
5 Cooling water passage 6 Circulation pump 7 Discharge passage 8 Thermostat 9 Suction pump 50 Outboard motor

Claims (1)

船外機本体のエンジン下方に設けられたサブタンクと、該サブタンクに新たな冷却水を供給する吸い上げポンプと、サブタンクとエンジンを結んで閉ループを構成する冷却水通路と、該冷却水通路に設けられた循環ポンプと、冷却水通路から分岐して船外機外へ開口する排出通路と、該排出通路に設けられたサーモスタットと、前記サブタンクの底部に取り付けられた電磁バルブと、を備え、
前記吸い上げポンプの吐出側をウォータチューブを介して前記電磁バルブに接続し、エンジンの始動前において前記電磁バルブを開いて前記サブタンク内の冷却水を外部に排出しておき、
エンジンが始動され、冷却水温が所定値以下である場合には冷却水を前記冷却水通路とサブタンクで構成される閉ループ内で循環せしめ、冷却水温が所定値を超えると冷却水の一部を閉ループ外の前記排出通路へ排出するとともに、新たな冷却水を閉ループ内に補給するよう構成して成ることを特徴とする船外機の冷却装置。
A sub tank provided below the engine of the outboard motor body, a suction pump that supplies new cooling water to the sub tank, a cooling water passage that connects the sub tank and the engine to form a closed loop, and is provided in the cooling water passage. A circulation pump, a discharge passage branched from the cooling water passage and opened to the outside of the outboard motor, a thermostat provided in the discharge passage, and an electromagnetic valve attached to the bottom of the sub tank,
The discharge side of the suction pump is connected to the electromagnetic valve via a water tube, and before starting the engine, the electromagnetic valve is opened to discharge the cooling water in the sub tank to the outside,
When the engine is started and the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined value , the cooling water is circulated in a closed loop composed of the cooling water passage and the sub tank . When the cooling water temperature exceeds a predetermined value, a part of the cooling water is closed loop. A cooling device for an outboard motor, wherein the cooling device is configured to discharge to the outside discharge passage and to supply new cooling water into the closed loop .
JP25291995A 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 Outboard motor cooling system Expired - Fee Related JP3610404B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25291995A JP3610404B2 (en) 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 Outboard motor cooling system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25291995A JP3610404B2 (en) 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 Outboard motor cooling system

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JPH0988585A JPH0988585A (en) 1997-03-31
JP3610404B2 true JP3610404B2 (en) 2005-01-12

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11303635A (en) 1998-04-23 1999-11-02 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Cooling device for engine
DE102005056508A1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-24 Weber Technology Ag V-engine with at least one turbocharger
US8333629B2 (en) * 2008-10-30 2012-12-18 Brp Us Inc. System and method for cooling a marine outboard engine

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