JP3606431B2 - Composite yarn and woven / knitted fabric using the same - Google Patents

Description

【００５２】
表１から次のことが確認された。本発明による複合糸は糸均斉度、耐摩耗性に優れた毛羽の少ない性能であった。また布帛特性としては高品位で弾撥感のあるものであり、更には従来にはない膨らみ感と軽量感を有しており、ドライな表面感であることが確認された。
【００５３】
これに対し、単糸フィラメント５デニール以上のものを使用しない比較例１では、実施例１と同様に優れた糸特性を示すものの、目的とする弾撥感のある布帛を得るには至らなかった。また、中空のフィラメントを使用しない比較例２では、弾撥感を有しているものの膨らみ感・軽量感のある布帛を得るには不十分であった。
【００５４】
一方、芯鞘構造のコアヤーンのみから構成される従来例１では、長短繊維の相互干渉（マイグレーション）による影響を受けて、毛羽・耐摩耗性において不十分であり、布帛特性においても不満足なものであった。また、マルチフィラメントを開繊して短繊維と混繊させた複合糸である従来例２では、布帛特性において満足する弾撥感・膨らみ感が得られなかった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の複合糸の横断面図
【図２】本発明の複合糸の製造装置の概略斜視図
【符号の説明】
１ 粗糸（短繊維集合体）
２ フィラメント糸
３ フィラメント糸
Ａ 繊維束（Ａ）
Ｂ 繊維束（Ｂ）
Ｃ 加撚ゾーン
イ 短繊維
ロ フィラメント[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a fiber bundle (A) having a core-sheath structure in which a filament yarn is arranged in the core and a short fiber is arranged in the sheath and a fiber bundle (B) made only of the filament are wound around each other. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composite yarn excellent in fabric characteristics such as dry feeling, elastic feeling, swelling feeling, lightweight feeling, and a woven / knitted fabric using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various developments have been made on composite yarns of short fibers and filaments, and there are various types of composite yarns obtained. For example, a core yarn in which filaments are converged and positioned at the core of a short fiber group, a composite yarn in which a multifilament yarn is opened and mixed with a short fiber group, or a filament yarn and a short fiber group are twisted Composite yarns.
[0003]
However, although such composite yarns have excellent points, there are insufficient aspects as described below. That is, the core yarn in which the filaments are concentrated and located at the core of the short fiber group has a moderate value for strength, but the compatibility between the filament and the short fiber is poor, and the conjugation and wear resistance are considerably inferior. Has a problem.
[0004]
In addition, the composite yarn obtained by opening the multifilament yarn and mixed with the short fiber group has a good conjugation property, but there is a problem in that fluff spots due to the spread filament of the multifilament yarn cause deterioration in quality. .
[0005]
Furthermore, composite yarns in which filament yarns and short fiber groups are finely spun and twisted also have the problem that if the mixing ratio of the filaments is increased, the wear resistance is lowered and the operability is lowered due to short pieces of short fiber bundles. ing.
[0006]
Therefore, composite yarns have also been proposed for the purpose of eliminating the drawbacks of conventional composite yarns as described above. For example, it is a composite yarn in which a real bundle is applied so that a fiber bundle made of a mixture of short fibers and filaments and a fiber bundle made of filaments are wound around each other (see JP-A-6-257027).
[0007]
This is because the short fibers and the filaments are mixed, so that the compatibility between the filaments and the short fibers is enhanced and conjugation is imparted. Furthermore, the actual twist is applied so that the fiber bundle composed only of the filaments and the fiber bundle formed by mixing the short fibers and the filaments stick to each other, thereby further improving the wear resistance. Furthermore, it is excellent in reducing fluff and improving the uniformity of the yarn. Also, since the filament bundle forms a denser yarn structure on the textured surface as the outer layer of the yarn, it can be used to take advantage of the characteristics of the filament, that is, to obtain fabric characteristics such as a wet comfortable material and a refreshing material. It can be said that this is a suitable composite yarn.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such composite yarns are excellent in abrasion resistance and uniformity as described above, but are insufficient to obtain fabric properties such as elastic feeling, bulge feeling, dry feeling, and lightweight feeling.
[0009]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to use a composite yarn suitable for obtaining fabric characteristics such as dry and elastic feeling, swelling and lightness while maintaining excellent wear resistance and uniformity, and using the same. It is to provide a woven or knitted fabric.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors diligently studied the types and combinations of filaments used in order to achieve the above object, and found that the above object can be achieved by using hollow fibers having a specific hollow ratio. Thus, the present invention has been completed.
[0011]
That is, in the composite yarn of the present invention, the fiber bundle (A) having the core-sheath structure in which the filament yarn is the core and the short fiber is arranged in the sheath, and the fiber bundle (B) made only of the filament yarn are wound around each other. A composite yarn formed by real twisting, wherein both the filaments used for the fiber bundles (A) and (B) or the filament used for the fiber bundle (B) have a hollowness of 5 to 40%, and the fiber bundle Either one of the filaments used in (A) and (B) has a single yarn fineness of 5 denier or more, the filament used in the fiber bundle (B) has a hollowness of 5 to 40%, and is in the fiber length direction. Details and thick parts are present at random.
[0014]
On the other hand, the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is characterized by using the composite yarn described above.
[0015]
[Function and effect]
According to the composite yarn of the present invention, as shown in the results of the examples, while maintaining excellent wear resistance and uniformity, it is possible to obtain fabric characteristics such as dry and elastic feeling, swelling and lightness. it can. That is, by making both or one of the filaments used for the fiber bundles (A) and (B) have a hollowness of 5 to 40%, particularly the feeling of swelling and lightness is improved while maintaining wear resistance and uniformity. be able to. If the hollowness is less than 5%, it is difficult to obtain the desired swell and lightness. If the hollowness exceeds 40%, the filament is hollow during twisting in the spinning process, weight loss in the dyeing process, and texture processing. This is not preferable because the part is broken or crushed and the effect is halved. From this viewpoint, the preferred hollowness is 10 to 38%.
[0016]
Also, one of the filaments used in the fiber bundle and (A) (B) is, for fineness 5 denier or more is at, such filaments gives an appropriate stiffness to the composite yarn, in particular Tamabachi feeling, bulge The feeling can be improved. If the single yarn fineness is less than 5 deniers, the desired elastic feeling and bulge feeling tend to be difficult to obtain.
[0017]
Furthermore, the filament used in the fiber bundle (B) is 5-40% hollow ratio, for detail and thick portion in the length direction of the fibers being present in a random, while improving sense of lightness bulge Further, a dry texture effect can be imparted. The reason for using the filament on the fiber bundle (B) side is to express the touch of the filament more.
[0018]
On the other hand, according to the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention, since the composite yarn of the present invention as described above is used, while maintaining excellent wear resistance and uniformity, it is further dry and elastic, bulging, lightness, etc. It can be set as the woven / knitted fabric which has the following fabric characteristics.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0020]
First, the structure of the composite yarn of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a yarn cross section of the composite yarn of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a fiber bundle (A) having a core-sheath structure in which a filament (b) is arranged in the core and a short fiber (b) is arranged in the sheath, and a fiber bundle (B) consisting only of the filaments are wound together. A real twist is applied so as to be attached. In this example, hollow fibers are used for the filaments constituting the fiber bundle (B), but the present invention is not limited to this.
[0021]
The reason why the fiber bundle (A) having the core-sheath structure and the fiber bundle (B) composed only of the filaments are thus twisted to form a yarn is as follows. In the conventional spinning method in which long and short fibers to be combined are simultaneously combined in the yarn forming zone, the fiber orientation is disturbed by mutual negotiation and migration of the long and short fibers, and a stable composite structure cannot be obtained. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to obtain a stable composite structure, a highly oriented fiber bundle is divided into a plurality of pieces, and by winding them together, each fiber bundle forms a helical structure, and the fiber orientation is disturbed. A composite yarn having less yarn, less fluff, excellent yarn uniformity, and significantly improved wear resistance can be obtained. Therefore, the composite yarn of the present invention is only required to be actually twisted so that the fiber bundle (A) and the fiber bundle (B) are wound around each other. Alternatively, a plurality of bundles and a plurality of bundles may be twisted.
[0022]
The present invention is characterized in that in such a composite yarn, both or one of the filaments used for the fiber bundles (A) and (B) has a hollowness of 5 to 40%. The cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion of the filament is not particularly limited, such as a circular cross-section, a triangular cross-section, but from the viewpoint of being able to withstand physical and chemical treatment in the spinning process and processing process, Similarly, a circular cross section in which the hollow portion is divided into four crosses is desirable. Such a cross-sectional shape can be formed by various known spinning methods.
[0023]
Moreover, when using a filament with a hollowness of 5 to 40% on the fiber bundle (B) side, it is possible to obtain a dry texture effect by using a filament in which details and thick portions are randomly present in the fiber length direction. Preferred above. Note that the pitch, length, and thickness of the details and thick portions are not particularly limited. Such a filament shape can be formed by a conventionally known method, for example, a spinning method in which a hot plate is provided in the drawing zone to change the filament contact state in the fiber axis direction.
[0024]
The composition ratio A / B between the fiber bundle (A) and the fiber bundle (B) is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 26 by weight ratio. When the ratio is less than 0.5, the short fibers and the filaments are poorly bonded, and so-called sheath detachment where the filaments and the short fibers are separated easily occurs. On the other hand, if it exceeds 26, the fiber bundle (B) consisting only of filaments becomes thin, and the operability tends to be lowered. From this viewpoint, A / B is more preferably 0.7-20.
[0025]
Moreover, the ratio of the filament yarn in the fiber bundle (A) is preferably 5 to 50% by weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, it is not possible to obtain a desired texture with a feeling of elasticity and swelling. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by weight, the bonding with the short fibers is poor, the sheath is likely to come off, and the fluff increases and the wear resistance decreases.
[0026]
Short fibers used in the fiber bundle (A) include natural fibers such as cotton fibers and hemp fibers, recycled fibers such as polynosic fibers, synthetic fibers such as semi-synthetic fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and polyacrylonitrile fibers. It is not particularly limited as long as it is subjected to a normal spinning process such as fiber. Of course, it can be a blended material.
[0027]
Moreover, as a material of the filament yarn used for the fiber bundle (A) and the fiber bundle (B), in addition to synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, and polyacryl, semi-synthetic fibers such as promix are generally used for clothing. All filament materials can be targeted. The filaments in the fiber bundle (A) and the filaments in the fiber bundle (B) may be the same or different.
[0028]
The single yarn fineness of the filament yarn used for the fiber bundle (A) and the fiber bundle (B) is usually 0.1 to 20 denier, but is used for the fiber bundles (A) and (B). It is preferable from the above-mentioned reason that either one of the filaments has a single yarn fineness of 5 denier or more. In that case, the single filament fineness of the other filament is preferably 0.2 to 3.5 denier.
[0029]
In addition, as for the actual twist applied to a fiber bundle (A) and a fiber bundle (B), 2.0-8.0 are preferable by a twist coefficient (inter type | formula), and it is set to the range of 2.5-7.5. More preferred. The twist coefficient K is represented by T = K · Ne ^1/2 . Here, T is the number of twists (t / inch), and Ne is an English cotton count.
[0030]
The composite yarn of the present invention preferably has fluff in the range of 200/10 m to 900/10 m for fluff of 1 mm or more. When the length is less than 200/10 m, there is a tendency to lack a swell and further tend to be filament-like. On the other hand, when the length exceeds 900/10 m, the yarn quality is poor and the quality of the fabric tends to be lowered. The fluff was measured with an F-index tester manufactured by Shikishima Boseki Co., Ltd.
[0031]
Next, a method for producing the composite yarn as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0032]
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a method for producing such a composite yarn. First, the short fiber aggregate, for example, the roving yarn 1 unwound from the roving bobbin (Shinomaki) P1 is supplied from the back roller 4 through the guide roller of the spinning machine. Next, drafting is performed between the back roller 4, the second roller 8, and the front roller 9. Thereafter, in the twisting zone C after the front roller 9, the filament yarn 2 unwound from the pun P2 and the drafted short fiber aggregate are twisted together. At that time, the filament yarn 3 unwound from the Pahn P3 is superposed on the drafted short fiber aggregate. At that time, the tension applied to the filament yarn 3 is preferably 0.1 to 0.4 g / d. The filament yarn 2 and the filament yarn 3 are supplied to the front roller 9 through the tension guides 10 and 11 and the guide rollers 6 and 7, and the twisted composite yarn is passed through the snell wire 12 to a bobbin or the like. It is wound up.
[0033]
Further, in order to improve the wear resistance and to have a fluff of 1 mm or more and a fluff of 200 to 900/10 m, the filament yarn 2 unraveled from Pahn P2 and the filament yarn 3 into the drafted short fiber aggregate It is desirable that the fleece interval D with the fiber bundle formed by superimposing the layers is in the range of 3 mm to 10 mm. If it is less than 3 mm, the degree of parallelism of the fibers is poor, so that the increase in fluff and the closeness of each other's fiber bundles are weak and it is difficult to expect sufficient wear resistance. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 mm, the number of fluffs is reduced and the wear resistance is improved, but the spinnability is remarkably lowered and the actual productivity and quality tend to be insufficient.
[0034]
By the above manufacturing method, the composite yarn of the present invention in which the fiber bundle (A) composed of the short fibers and the filament yarn 3 and the fiber bundle (B) composed of the filament yarn 2 are wound around each other is obtained. Can do.
[0035]
The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention may be any woven fabric or knitted fabric using the composite yarn as described above, and any type of weaving or the like may be used. Further, yarns other than the composite yarn of the present invention may be partially used.
[0036]
【Example】
Examples and the like specifically showing the configuration and effects of the present invention will be described below. In addition, the evaluation methods, such as a physical-property value in an Example etc., are as follows.
[0037]
A. Strength, elongation Measured with a constant speed extension type tensile tester (Tensurapid manufactured by Zellwüger Usta) of JIS L-1095-1979 (general spinning test method) at a grip interval of 50 cm and a tensile speed of 30 cm / min. .
[0038]
B. Fluff of 1 mm or more (co / 10 m) was measured with an F-index tester manufactured by Kashikijima Spinning Co., Ltd.
[0039]
C. Thread uniformity (U%)
It was measured with an Evenestester UT-III type.
[0040]
D. It measured with the abrasion-resistant warp conjugation force tester (made by Rihada Iwata). This warp tying force tester rotates a circular drum with a titanium surface of 20 cm in diameter at 80 times / min, fixes one end of the yarn, and puts a load of 70 g on the other end to contact this drum to bring the filament and short The degree of wear resistance was expressed by the number of revolutions until the fiber bundle separated, so-called sheath removal.
[0041]
E. Evaluation of fabric uniformity (quality), resilience, bulge, lightness, and dryness on the surface 140 mm / inch x 95 / inch woven standard yarn, tricotine and then processed with normal processed fabric The evaluation was based on the evaluation, and the four levels of very good ◎, good ◯, normal △, and bad × were evaluated by seven people, and the most highly evaluated step values were shown.
[0042]
Example 1
As the filament yarn 2 constituting the fiber bundle (B), a multifilament yarn composed of polyethylene terephthalate (50 denier 24 filament, hollow ratio 13%, details and thick portions randomly present in the length direction of the fiber) is used. As the filament yarn 3 constituting the fiber bundle (A), a multifilament yarn (30 denier 5 filaments) made of polyethylene terephthalate is used, and cotton fibers mainly composed of rice cotton are used as short fibers, as shown in FIG. By the method, a composite spun yarn 30's (English cotton count) was obtained. At this time, the weight ratio A / B between the fiber bundle (A) and the fiber bundle (B) was 2.54.
[0043]
The obtained composite yarn is a composite yarn obtained by actual twisting so that a fiber bundle (A) having a core-sheath structure and a fiber bundle (B) composed only of filaments are wound around each other. The fluff index of 1 mm or more was 380 per 10 m.
[0044]
As a result of weaving and dyeing using the composite yarn, a high-quality fabric having a dry surface feeling and excellent elasticity and swelling was obtained. In addition, it showed excellent properties in yarn uniformity and wear resistance.
[0045]
Example 2
In Example 1, instead of using a solid multifilament yarn as the filament yarn 3, a multifilament yarn (30 denier 5 filaments) with a hollow ratio of 25% having a circular cross section in which the hollow portion is divided into four crosses is used. Except for the above, a composite yarn and a fabric were obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 1.
[0046]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, instead of using a multifilament yarn (30 denier 5 filaments) as the filament yarn 3, a composite yarn and a fabric are exactly the same as in Example 1 except that a multifilament yarn (30 denier 18 filaments) is used. Got.
[0047]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, instead of using a hollow multifilament yarn as the filament yarn 2, a composite yarn was used in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that a multifilament yarn having a circular solid cross section (50 denier 24 filaments) was used. And a fabric was obtained.
[0048]
Conventional Example 1
Core yarn with core-sheath structure in which short fibers are arranged in the sheath with filament group as the core, that is, composite yarn 30's (English cotton count) with polyester multifilament yarn (75 denier 36 filament, circular solid cross section) and cotton fiber Was subjected to spinning and weaving to obtain composite yarn and fabric.
[0049]
Conventional example 2
A composite yarn obtained by opening a multifilament with a spreader and mixed with a short fiber, that is, a polyester multifilament yarn (75 denier 36 filament, circular solid cross section) and a composite yarn 30's (English) The type cotton count) was spun and woven to obtain composite yarns and fabrics.
[0050]
The results of comparing the above characteristics are shown in Table 1.
[0051]
[Table 1]

[0052]
From Table 1, the following was confirmed. The composite yarn according to the present invention was excellent in yarn uniformity and abrasion resistance, and had less fuzz. In addition, the fabric characteristics are high quality and elastic, and further have a feeling of swelling and light weight that has not been found in the past, and it was confirmed that the fabric has a dry surface feeling.
[0053]
On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 that does not use a single yarn filament of 5 denier or more shows excellent yarn characteristics as in Example 1, but did not yield the desired elastic fabric. . Further, in Comparative Example 2 in which no hollow filament was used, it was insufficient to obtain a fabric having a feeling of swelling but having a feeling of swelling but having a feeling of elasticity.
[0054]
On the other hand, in Conventional Example 1 composed only of a core-sheath core yarn, the fluff and wear resistance are insufficient due to the influence of mutual interference (migration) of long and short fibers, and the fabric characteristics are also unsatisfactory. there were. Further, in the conventional example 2 which is a composite yarn obtained by opening a multifilament and blended with short fibers, it was not possible to obtain a feeling of resilience and swelling satisfying in the fabric characteristics.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the composite yarn of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the composite yarn manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
1 Coarse yarn (aggregate of short fibers)
2 Filament yarn 3 Filament yarn A Fiber bundle (A)
B Fiber bundle (B)
C Twisted zone b Short fiber b Filament

Claims (2)

A composite yarn in which an actual twist is applied so that a fiber bundle (A) having a core-sheath structure in which a filament yarn is arranged in the core and a short fiber is arranged in the sheath and a fiber bundle (B) made only of the filament yarn are wound around each other. And both the filaments used for the fiber bundles (A) and (B) or the filaments used for the fiber bundle (B) have a hollowness of 5 to 40% and are used for the fiber bundles (A) and (B). Either one of the filaments has a single yarn fineness of 5 denier or more, the filament used in the fiber bundle (B) has a hollowness of 5 to 40%, and details and thick portions are present randomly in the fiber length direction. Composite yarn characterized by that. A woven or knitted fabric using the composite yarn according to claim 1.

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