JP3602087B2 - Method for producing fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition - Google Patents
Method for producing fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、フッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法に関する。更に詳しくは、成形後のホワイトスペックを著しく減少させることを可能とするフッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来より、熱可塑性樹脂の摩擦・摩耗特性を改善する目的で。あるいは白色度を向上させる目的で、熱可塑性樹脂にポリ四フッ化エチレン等のフッ素樹脂パウダーを配合することが行われている。
【0003】
この場合、フッ素樹脂パウダーが熱可塑性樹脂中に均一に分散されていないと、これを成形した時、成形品表面にホワイトスペックと称するフッ素樹脂の微小凝集物の発生が見られ、外観上好ましくない製品となる。
【0004】
従来、フッ素樹脂パウダーを含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、コンテナで熱可塑性樹脂パウダーとフッ素樹脂パウダーをブレンドした後、二軸押出機で溶融混練し押出すことにより製造していた。しかしながら、コンテナによるブレンドと押出機による溶融混練だけではフッ素樹脂パウダーの分散が不十分で上記したホワイトスペックが多数発生するような組成物しか得られないという問題があった。
【0005】
この問題を解決するために、ミキサーで剪断力をかけて両者を混合することが考えられる。即ち、通常の攪拌羽根(低剪断羽根)(一般的な低剪断羽根の一例を図1に示す)を有するミキサーで長時間かけて混合すれば、ある程度、充分に分散・混合させることは可能ではあるが、あまりにも時間がかかり過ぎ、経済的な方法ではない。又、この方法では、フッ素樹脂パウダーの濃度をあまり高くできないという問題もある。
【0006】
一方、高剪断羽根(高剪断羽根の一例を図2に示す)を有するミキサーで混合すれば、このような問題は解決できるが、反面、混合に際し剪断に伴う摩擦発熱により温度が上昇し、フッ素樹脂パウダーがかえって凝集してしまい易いという問題がある。尚、上記の如く、通常の攪拌羽根(低剪断羽根)を有するミキサーで長時間かけて混合する場合も、この問題が発生し易い。
【0007】
このように、フッ素樹脂パウダーを含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造において、生産性の向上とホワイトスペックの発生の低減を両立させるような技術は従来提案されていなかった。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、これらの課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、熱可塑性樹脂パウダーとフッ素樹脂パウダーを混合する際の温度を適切に制御することが極めて有効であることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
即ち、本発明は、
熱可塑性樹脂パウダー100 重量部に対しフッ素樹脂パウダー0.1 〜100 重量部を、混合機内を該フッ素樹脂の軟化点(ガラス転移点)以下に温度制御して混合し、更に該パウダー状混合物100 重量部に対し熱可塑性樹脂粒状物またはパウダーを100 〜2000重量部混合して、押出機で溶融混練することを特徴とするフッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法である。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明について詳細に説明する。
【0011】
本発明は、上記の如く、フッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物を製造するにあたり、熱可塑性樹脂パウダーとフッ素樹脂パウダーの混合を、該フッ素樹脂の軟化点(ガラス転移点)以下に温度制御して行うことを特徴とする。
【0012】
温度制御方法としては特に制約はなく、混合機外部からの冷却媒体による方法、混合機内部に冷却媒体、例えば空気、窒素、ヘリウム等の冷却ガスを導入する方法、あるいは混合機内部に低温で気化又は昇華する物質を投入する方法等が挙げられる。
【0013】
本発明において、かかる方法で制御する温度は、使用するフッ素樹脂の軟化点(ガラス転移点)以下であれば基本的に十分であるが、より好ましくは該フッ素樹脂の軟化点(ガラス転移点)よりも10℃以上低い温度に制御して混合を行うことである。具体的には、最も一般的なフッ素樹脂であるポリ四フッ化エチレンの軟化点(ガラス転移点)は約28℃であるから、この場合、約18℃以上の温度にならないように制御して混合を行うのが好ましい。また、制御する温度の下限については、特に制約はないが、冷却用の媒体あるいは物質、冷却能力等を考慮した経済性の面から、0℃以上とするのが好ましく、これで十分な効果が得られる。
【0014】
このような観点から、本発明において特に好ましい温度制御方法としては、混合機内にドライアイスを投入する方法が挙げられる。ドライアイスは昇華して二酸化炭素の気体となって排出され、混合機中には残らないため、混合物の品質への影響がなく、しかも混合機内に投入するため温度制御効率が高く、極めて好都合である。使用するドライアイスの量は、混合時の発熱と制御すべき温度等を考慮して、経験的・実験的に容易に求めることができる。
【0015】
本発明において、混合機としては、例えば容器回転型混合機〔円筒形混合機(ロータリーブレンダー、コンテナドラムミキサー、タービュラミキサー)、V形容器混合機、二重円錐形混合機〕、容器固定型混合機(リボン形、水平スクリュー形、パドル形、縦型リボン形、縦型スクリュー形、遊星運動形、マラー形)、気流攪拌型混合機(ジェットポンプ形)等が使用できる。好ましい混合機としては、攪拌羽根等の高速回転による衝撃、剪断、流動化、および回転円板による分散、剪断作用による混合速度が大きい等の機能を有するものであり、具体的にはヘンシェルミキサー、スーパーミキサー、マイクロスピードミキサー及び二重円錐形回転容器と高速攪拌羽根を組み合わせたミキサー等が挙げられる。
【0016】
本発明において使用される熱可塑性樹脂としては特に限定はなく、ポリアセタール樹脂、熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂(例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等)、ポリアリーレンサルファイド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、液晶性ポリエステル樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリスチレン、ABS等のスチレン系樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリフェニレンオキサイド樹脂、ポリアルキルアクリレート樹脂、ポリサルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルサルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、ポリエーテルケトン樹脂等が挙げられる。中でも、フッ素樹脂含有樹脂組成物とした時、フッ素樹脂の良好な分散が難しいとされていた熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリアリーレンサルファイド樹脂に対して本発明を適用した場合に効果が顕著であり、特にポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂に対しての効果が顕著である。これらの熱可塑性樹脂のパウダーとしては、一般的に平均粒径が0.1 〜1mmのものが用いられる。
【0017】
また、本発明において使用されるフッ素樹脂としては、四フッ化樹脂(ポリ四フッ化エチレン)、四−六フッ化樹脂、三フッ化エチレン、フッ化ビニリデン樹脂等の各種のものが挙げられる。これらのフッ素樹脂の軟化点(ガラス転移点)は10〜40℃程度である。中でも、汎用性が高く、パウダーが凝集し易いとされているポリ四フッ化エチレンパウダーに対して本発明の効果が顕著である。また、フッ素樹脂パウダーの平均粒径としては、一般的に1〜500 μm のものが用いられる。
【0018】
上記の如き熱可塑性樹脂パウダーとフッ素樹脂パウダーを混合するにあたり、フッ素樹脂パウダーの量は、熱可塑性樹脂パウダー100 重量部に対し0.1 〜100 重量部である。フッ素樹脂パウダーの量が0.1 重量部未満では、熱可塑性樹脂の摩擦・摩耗特性等の改善効果が生じず、また混合方法として本発明を適用する意味がないものとなる。一方、フッ素樹脂パウダーの量が100 重量部を越えると、本発明によってもなお、フッ素樹脂パウダーの凝集が生じ、均一な分散が困難になる。より効果の生じる混合割合は、熱可塑性樹脂パウダー100 重量部に対しフッ素樹脂パウダー1〜20重量部、特に1〜10重量部である。
【0019】
本発明においては、上記の混合段階において、その混合性能を大きく損なわない範囲で、目的に応じた任意の成分を添加することも可能である。例えば、後述するフッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造においては、安定剤を始めとする各種の物質が配合される場合が多いが、かかる成分の一部または全部を、この混合段階で加えることもできる。
【0020】
本発明において、上記の如く混合・調製された熱可塑性樹脂パウダーとフッ素樹脂パウダーの混合物を用い、フッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物を製造するにあたり、その製造方法としては、上記混合物に熱可塑性樹脂の粒状物またはパウダーを加えてフッ素樹脂濃度を調整して押出機に供給して溶融混練する方法である。この場合、上記混合物に対する熱可塑性樹脂粒状物またはパウダーの割合は、上記混合物100 重量部に対し熱可塑性樹脂粒状物またはパウダー100 〜2000重量部である。熱可塑性樹脂粒状物またはパウダーの割合が過大になると、フッ素樹脂の均一な分散が困難になる。
【0021】
また、本発明においては、このフッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造段階において、目的に応じて各種の添加剤、充填剤等を配合することも可能である。具体的には、例えば酸化防止剤、滑剤、難燃剤、着色剤、有機・無機充填剤等が挙げられる。
【0022】
上記の如きフッ素樹脂含有熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造において、使用する押出機としては特に制約はなく、単軸押出機、二軸押出機、及びこれらを2段に組み合わせた押出機等が何れも使用できる。
【0023】
【実施例】
次に実施例及び比較例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらによって何ら制限を受けるものではない。
実験例A(実施例1〜2、比較例1〜2)
(1) 混合
ポリ四フッ化エチレン(商品名ホスタフロン)のパウダー3kgとポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂のパウダー60kgをヘンシェルミキサーで表1に示す時間ブレンドした。ドライアイスの添加量とミキサー内の温度を表1に合わせて示す。
【0024】
使用したヘンシェルミキサーは、以下のものである。
【0025】
容量;1000リットル
ヘンシェル水冷;10リットル/min
羽根;図2に示す高剪断タイプのもの
回転数;300rpm
得られたパウダー状混合物を、溶剤(ヘキサフルオロプロパノール)中でポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を溶解し、残存ポリ四フッ化エチレンのパウダーを光学顕微鏡で観察し、その分散状態を下記の3段階で評価した。 結果を表1に示す。
[分散状態の評価]
◎;繊維化しないで、100 μm 以下の粒子に分散
○;繊維化しているが、100 〜150 μm に粒子化が進んでいる
×;繊維化がすすみ、400 μm 以上の粒子が存在する
(2) 溶融混練
次に、上記の如くして得られたパウダー状混合物63kgとポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂チップ800kg 及び各種添加剤30kgとをコンテナドラムミキサーで混合し、これを押出機で溶融混練し造粒した。
【0026】
得られたフッ素樹脂含有ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂組成物を成形機にかけ、30mm×40mmの厚さ3mmのプレートに成形し、成形板表面のポリ四フッ化エチレンのホワイトスペックの個数を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
【0027】
【表1】
【0028】
【発明の効果】
上記の説明及び実施例から明らかな如く、本発明の方法によれば、フッ素樹脂パウダーを含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造において、生産性の向上とホワイトスペックの発生の低減を両立させることができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ヘンシェルミキサーの一般的な低剪断攪拌羽根の一例を示す図で、(a) は正面図、(b) は側面図である。
【図2】ヘンシェルミキサーの高剪断攪拌羽根の一例を示す図で、(a) は正面図、(b) は側面図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition which can significantly reduce white specifications after molding.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
For the purpose of improving the friction and wear characteristics of thermoplastic resins. Alternatively, a fluororesin powder such as polytetrafluoroethylene is blended with a thermoplastic resin for the purpose of improving whiteness.
[0003]
In this case, if the fluororesin powder is not uniformly dispersed in the thermoplastic resin, when this is molded, the occurrence of microaggregates of the fluororesin called white specifications on the surface of the molded product is observed, which is not preferable in appearance. Product.
[0004]
Conventionally, a thermoplastic resin composition containing a fluororesin powder has been produced by blending a thermoplastic resin powder and a fluororesin powder in a container, followed by melt-kneading and extruding with a twin-screw extruder. However, there is a problem that the dispersion of the fluororesin powder is insufficient only by the blending by the container and the melt-kneading by the extruder, so that only a composition that generates a large number of the above-mentioned white specifications can be obtained.
[0005]
In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to mix both by applying a shearing force with a mixer. That is, if mixing is performed for a long time with a mixer having a normal stirring blade (low-shear blade) (an example of a general low-shear blade is shown in FIG. 1), it is not possible to sufficiently disperse and mix to some extent. Yes, but it is too time consuming and not an economic method. In addition, this method has a problem that the concentration of the fluororesin powder cannot be increased so much.
[0006]
On the other hand, such a problem can be solved by mixing with a mixer having high-shear blades (an example of high-shear blades are shown in FIG. 2), but the temperature rises due to frictional heat generated by shearing during mixing, and fluorine There is a problem that the resin powder tends to aggregate instead. In addition, as described above, this problem is likely to occur even when mixing is performed for a long time using a mixer having ordinary stirring blades (low-shear blades).
[0007]
As described above, in the production of a thermoplastic resin composition containing a fluororesin powder, a technique that achieves both improvement in productivity and reduction in generation of white specifications has not been proposed.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve these problems, and as a result, have found that it is extremely effective to appropriately control the temperature at the time of mixing the thermoplastic resin powder and the fluororesin powder. Was completed.
[0009]
That is, the present invention
0.1 to 100 parts by weight of the fluororesin powder is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin powder while controlling the temperature inside the mixer to a temperature lower than the softening point (glass transition point) of the fluororesin, and the powdery mixture 100 A method for producing a fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition, comprising mixing 100 to 2,000 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin granule or powder with respect to parts by weight and melt-kneading the mixture with an extruder.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0011]
In the present invention, as described above, in producing a fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition, the temperature of the mixture of the thermoplastic resin powder and the fluororesin powder is controlled to a temperature lower than the softening point (glass transition point) of the fluororesin. It is characterized by performing.
[0012]
There is no particular limitation on the temperature control method, a method using a cooling medium from outside the mixer, a method of introducing a cooling medium, for example, a cooling gas such as air, nitrogen, helium, or the like into the mixer, or vaporizing at a low temperature inside the mixer. Alternatively, a method of introducing a substance to be sublimated may be used.
[0013]
In the present invention, the temperature controlled by such a method is basically sufficient if it is equal to or lower than the softening point (glass transition point) of the fluororesin to be used, but is more preferably the softening point (glass transition point) of the fluororesin. And mixing at a temperature lower than 10 ° C. or lower. Specifically, since the softening point (glass transition point) of polytetrafluoroethylene, which is the most common fluororesin, is about 28 ° C., in this case, the temperature is controlled so as not to be about 18 ° C. or more. Preferably, mixing is performed. The lower limit of the temperature to be controlled is not particularly limited, but is preferably set to 0 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of economic efficiency in consideration of a cooling medium or a substance, a cooling capacity, and the like. can get.
[0014]
From such a viewpoint, as a particularly preferable temperature control method in the present invention, a method of putting dry ice into a mixer is exemplified. Dry ice sublimates and is discharged as carbon dioxide gas and does not remain in the mixer, so there is no effect on the quality of the mixture.In addition, since it is put into the mixer, the temperature control efficiency is high, making it extremely convenient. is there. The amount of dry ice to be used can be easily determined empirically and experimentally in consideration of the heat generation during mixing and the temperature to be controlled.
[0015]
In the present invention, as the mixer, for example, a container rotary mixer (cylindrical mixer (rotary blender, container drum mixer, turbula mixer), V-shaped container mixer, double cone mixer), container fixing A type mixer (ribbon type, horizontal screw type, paddle type, vertical ribbon type, vertical screw type, planetary motion type, muller type), an air-flow stirring type mixer (jet pump type) and the like can be used. Preferred mixers are those having functions such as impact by high-speed rotation of stirring blades, shearing, fluidization, and dispersion by a rotating disk, and a high mixing speed due to shearing action. Specifically, a Henschel mixer, Examples thereof include a super mixer, a micro speed mixer, and a mixer in which a double-cone rotating container and a high-speed stirring blade are combined.
[0016]
The thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a polyacetal resin, a thermoplastic polyester resin (eg, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, etc.), a polyarylene sulfide resin, a polyamide resin, a liquid crystalline polyester resin, a polyolefin resin. Resins, styrene resins such as polystyrene and ABS, polycarbonate resins, polyphenylene oxide resins, polyalkyl acrylate resins, polysulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, polyetherimide resins, polyetherketone resins, and the like. Among them, when the fluororesin-containing resin composition, the effect is remarkable when the present invention is applied to a thermoplastic polyester resin, a polyacetal resin, and a polyarylene sulfide resin, in which it has been difficult to disperse the fluororesin well. In particular, the effect on polybutylene terephthalate resin is remarkable. As the powder of these thermoplastic resins, those having an average particle size of 0.1 to 1 mm are generally used.
[0017]
Examples of the fluororesin used in the present invention include various types such as a tetrafluoride resin (polytetrafluoroethylene), a tetra-hexafluoride resin, ethylene trifluoride, and a vinylidene fluoride resin. The softening point (glass transition point) of these fluororesins is about 10 to 40 ° C. In particular, the effects of the present invention are remarkable for polytetrafluoroethylene powder, which is considered to be highly versatile and easy to aggregate. The average particle size of the fluororesin powder is generally 1 to 500 μm.
[0018]
In mixing the thermoplastic resin powder and the fluororesin powder as described above, the amount of the fluororesin powder is 0.1 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin powder. If the amount of the fluororesin powder is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the effect of improving the friction and wear characteristics of the thermoplastic resin does not occur, and the application of the present invention as a mixing method is meaningless. On the other hand, if the amount of the fluororesin powder exceeds 100 parts by weight, the flocculation of the fluororesin powder still occurs according to the present invention, making uniform dispersion difficult. The mixing ratio that produces more effect is 1 to 20 parts by weight, particularly 1 to 10 parts by weight, of the fluororesin powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin powder.
[0019]
In the present invention, in the mixing step, it is also possible to add an optional component according to the purpose within a range that does not greatly impair the mixing performance. For example, in the production of a fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition to be described later, various substances such as a stabilizer are often compounded, and a part or all of such components are added at this mixing stage. You can also.
[0020]
In the present invention, using a mixture of the thermoplastic resin powder and the fluororesin powder mixed and prepared as described above, when producing a fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition, as a production method, the thermoplastic resin to the above mixture This is a method in which the concentration of the fluororesin is adjusted by adding granules or powder of the above, and then supplied to an extruder for melt-kneading. In this case, the ratio of the thermoplastic resin particles or powder to the mixture is 100 to 2000 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin particles or powder per 100 parts by weight of the mixture. If the proportion of the thermoplastic resin particles or powder is too large, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the fluororesin.
[0021]
Further, in the present invention, various additives, fillers and the like can be blended according to the purpose in the production stage of the fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition. Specific examples include antioxidants, lubricants, flame retardants, coloring agents, organic and inorganic fillers, and the like.
[0022]
In the production of the fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition as described above, the extruder to be used is not particularly limited, and includes a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, and an extruder in which these are combined in two stages. Can be used.
[0023]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited by these.
Experimental example A (Examples 1-2, Comparative examples 1-2)
(1) 3 kg of powder of mixed polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name: Hostaflon) and 60 kg of powder of polybutylene terephthalate resin were blended with a Henschel mixer for the time shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the amount of dry ice added and the temperature in the mixer.
[0024]
The Henschel mixer used is as follows.
[0025]
Capacity: 1000 liter Henschel water cooling; 10 liter / min
Blade: high-shear type shown in FIG. 2 Rotational speed: 300 rpm
The resulting powdery mixture was obtained by dissolving a polybutylene terephthalate resin in a solvent (hexafluoropropanol), observing the remaining polytetrafluoroethylene powder with an optical microscope, and evaluating the state of dispersion by the following three steps. . Table 1 shows the results.
[Evaluation of dispersion state]
◎: Not fiberized, dispersed in particles of 100 μm or less ○: Fiberized, but particleization progressed to 100 to 150 μm ×: Fiberization proceeded, and particles of 400 μm or more existed (2) Next, 63 kg of the powdery mixture obtained as described above, 800 kg of polybutylene terephthalate resin chips and 30 kg of various additives were mixed by a container drum mixer, and were melt-kneaded by an extruder and granulated. .
[0026]
The obtained fluororesin-containing polybutylene terephthalate resin composition was applied to a molding machine, molded into a 30 mm × 40 mm 3 mm thick plate, and the number of white specs of polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the molded plate was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
[0027]
[Table 1]
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description and Examples, according to the method of the present invention, in the production of a thermoplastic resin composition containing a fluororesin powder, it is possible to improve productivity and reduce the occurrence of white specs at the same time. did it.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a general low-shear stirring blade of a Henschel mixer, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.
FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a high shear stirring blade of a Henschel mixer, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.
Claims (5)
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JP2001315088A JP3602087B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2001-10-12 | Method for producing fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition |
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JP2001315088A JP3602087B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2001-10-12 | Method for producing fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition |
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JP04233797A Division JP3301938B2 (en) | 1997-02-26 | 1997-02-26 | Method for mixing thermoplastic resin and fluororesin and method for producing fluororesin-containing thermoplastic resin composition |
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