JP3599299B2 - Hopper and grinding and mixing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention belongs to a hopper. It also relates to a crushing and mixing device including a hopper.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art A hopper having an inclined bottom surface and a discharge port at the bottom of the bottom surface for temporarily storing and sequentially feeding raw materials is well known. Since the bottom of this type of hopper is inclined, the raw material put into the hopper is discharged from the discharge port after sliding down the bottom if it has good fluidity such as powder and granules. You.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the input raw material has poor fluidity such as mud having a low water content, it is difficult to slide down the bottom surface. On the other hand, if the bottom surface is steeply sloping and slides down all at once, the discharge port will be clogged.
[0004]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hopper capable of sequentially discharging even raw materials having poor fluidity, and crushing bulk raw materials using the hopper, and mixing the ground material with necessary additives. An object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing / mixing apparatus for processing to be reusable.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object, the hopper of the present invention
A raw material is temporarily stored and sent out sequentially, and a main body having an inclined bottom surface and a discharge port at the bottom of the bottom surface, and a main body inside the main body so that the raw material can be sent toward the discharge port with rotation. And a plurality of rollers arranged and fixed along the bottom surface in the direction of inclination of the bottom surface, and means for rotating the lower roller faster .
[0006]
According to this hopper, the raw material is put into the main body and the roller is rotated, so that the raw material is sent toward the discharge port on the outer peripheral surface of the roller. Therefore, even if the slope of the bottom surface of the hopper body is gentle, the raw materials are sequentially sent to the discharge port. Further, since the slope of the bottom surface may be gentle, the volume efficiency of the hopper is high, and there is no risk of clogging at the discharge port. If a plurality of rollers are arranged in the inclined direction of the bottom surface, the upper half peripheral surface of the rollers substantially functions as the bottom surface of the hopper body, and the bottom surface seems to move. Furthermore, the lower the rollers are, the faster they rotate, so that the raw material can be smoothly sent to the discharge port without congestion.
[0007]
If the roller has a spiral guide on its outer periphery that is concentric with the rotation axis and reverses around the center, the raw material is guided by the guide spiral while rotating toward the discharge port while rotating with the roller. Move to the center of the roller. Therefore, it is desirable because the raw material is not biased to both ends.
[0008]
The plurality of each of two large and small sprocket rollers attached, the larger sprocket of the roller on the smaller sprocket and upper rollers in the lower order if it is connected by an endless chain, the driving force of the roller, is connected The speed is transmitted from the lower gear to the upper gear in inverse proportion to the gear ratio of the sprocket. Alternatively, when the output shaft of a drive source such as a motor is connected to the uppermost roller, the transmission is accelerated from the upper part to the lower part and transmitted. In other words, thereby to rotate faster as rollers that are lower, since sent to smoothly discharge port without congestion raw material, preferred.
[0009]
If a cut screw is attached to the discharge port, the raw material sequentially sent to the discharge port is broken into small pieces by the cut screw when passing through the inside of the passage of the discharge port. Therefore, the handling of the raw material in the next step is easy, which is desirable.
In addition, since most of the raw material charged into the hopper is sent from both sides of the discharge port toward the discharge port, the raw material above the discharge port is compressed into the following raw material. Therefore, when the raw material is clay-like, even if the hopper has the above configuration, the compressed raw material may form a bridge above the discharge port and block the discharge port. This problem can be solved by fixing a bridge cut knife, which separates the charged raw material before the raw material is loaded on the roller, above the discharge port in parallel with the rotation axis of the roller. Since the raw material charged above the discharge port is divided by the bridge cut knife, the precursor of the bridge is not formed, and it is pushed by the following raw material and discharged through the gap between the lowest roller and the bridge cut knife. Because it is done.
[0010]
In order to achieve the above object, a pulverizing / mixing device of the present invention comprises:
Conveying means such as a conveyor for conveying the raw material discharged from the hopper, an adding means such as an injection screw conveyor for adding an additive to the raw material during the conveying by the conveying means, and mixing the conveyed raw material with the additive. And a mixer.
[0011]
According to this apparatus, the raw material discharged from the hopper by an appropriate amount is transported by a transport unit, and an additive such as a solidifying agent and a moisture regulator is added by an adding unit on the way, and then mixed by a mixer. Can be performed continuously.
[0012]
Among them, the mixer is preferably a rotating shaft, a root portion in contact with the rotating shaft, a cylindrical fitting portion smaller in diameter than the root portion, and a trunk portion formed by axially dividing a column extending from the fitting portion in the axial direction. A fixed flange that fixes the blade base to the rotating shaft by being bolted to the rotating shaft through the fitted portion and the fitting portion, and a blade fixed to the trunk. Things.
[0013]
According to this mixer, the blade is fixed to the stem of the blade base by a suitable fixing means such as a bolt, and the blade base is fixed to the root by the surface pressure applied from the fixing flange and the rotating shaft. Therefore, the blade base can be rotated with respect to the rotating shaft and the direction of the blade can be changed arbitrarily only by loosening the bolts for fastening the fixed flange and the rotating shaft to release the surface pressure.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
-Embodiment 1-
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a hopper of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the inside of the hopper, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing a cut screw.
[0015]
The hopper 1 is fixed to a main body 2 having a bottom surface 21 inclined symmetrically so as to spread upward and a discharge port 22 at the lowermost portion of the bottom surface 21 so that the rotation axis is parallel to the bottom surface and intersects the inclination direction of the bottom surface. Left and right four rollers 3 are provided.
[0016]
The roller 3 has a spiral guide 31 on its outer periphery which is concentric with the rotation axis and is inverted around the center. The guide 31 is formed by spirally winding a metal wire around the outer peripheral surface of the roller 3 and welding. The roller 3 is fixed to the main body 2 by a rotation shaft supported by a bearing (not shown) fixed to the outside of the main body 2. Two large and small sprockets 32, 33 are attached to one end of each rotating shaft (however, the small sprocket 33 is not attached to the uppermost roller 3). A large sprocket 32 is connected to a sprocket 34 attached to an output shaft of a roller motor (not shown) by an endless chain. On the other hand, the small sprocket 33 of the lowest roller 3 is connected to the large sprocket 32 of the adjacent roller 3 by an endless chain. In this manner, the driving force of the sprocket 34 that rotates in synchronization with the motor is gradually reduced and transmitted from the rotation axis of the lower roller to the rotation axis of the upper roller.
[0017]
The discharge port 22 has a vertical passage 23 continuing to the bottom surface, and three cut screws 4 are mounted inside. The lower edge of the passage 23 is inclined in parallel with a slope of the conveyor 5 described later. One of the rotation shafts of the cut screw 4 is connected to a sprocket 24 directly connected to a screw motor (not shown) via a sprocket and an endless chain, and each rotation shaft is connected to each other via a sprocket and an endless chain. , And rotate synchronously. The blade 41 of the cut screw 4 has a spiral shape that reverses around the center, similarly to the guide of the roller 3.
[0018]
According to the hopper 1, the raw material is introduced into the main body 2 from above, and the roller 3 is rotated by the driving force of the roller motor. It is sent to the exit 22. The upper half peripheral surface of the roller substantially functions as the bottom surface of the hopper body, and the bottom surface seems to move. In addition, since the lower rollers rotate faster, even if a large amount of raw materials are supplied, they can be smoothly fed without congestion. Therefore, even if the slope of the bottom surface 21 is gentle, the raw materials are sequentially sent to the outlet 22. In addition, since the slope of the bottom surface 21 may be gentle, the volume efficiency of the hopper is high, and there is no risk of clogging at the discharge port 22. Further, the raw material moves toward the discharge port 22 while rotating with the roller, and at the same time, is guided by the guide spiral and moves to the center of the roller. Therefore, the raw material is not biased to both ends of the roller 3.
[0019]
Subsequently, the raw materials sequentially sent to the outlet 22 are crushed by the cut screw 4 when passing through the inside of the passage of the outlet. Therefore, handling of the raw material in the next step becomes easy. In addition, since the winding direction of the blade 41 is reversed around the center of the rotation axis, the raw material moves to the center while being crushed. Therefore, a large amount of the raw material is prevented from adhering to the inner surface of the passage.
[0020]
The hopper 1 can be suitably used as an element of a pulverizing and mixing device in combination with other machines as described below. 4 is a front view showing a pulverizing and mixing apparatus, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the inside of a mixer used in the apparatus, and FIG. 7 is a view showing a mounting structure of a mixer blade and a rotary shaft. It is.
[0021]
In addition to the hopper 1, the pulverizing / mixing device includes a conveyor 5 for transporting the raw material discharged from the hopper 1, a screw conveyor 6 for adding an additive to the raw material being transported by the conveyor 5, and adding the transported raw material. And a mixer 7 for mixing with the object.
[0022]
The conveyor 5 is installed so as to be inclined so that its rear portion is located below the hopper 1, and a chute 51 is attached to the front end. The screw conveyor 6 is fixed to the tank 61 such that the tip is located in the middle of the transport path.
[0023]
The mixer 7 is installed below the chute 51, has a supply port at the upper part, and a discharge port at the lower part, and is composed of two square pillar-shaped rotating shafts 71, a large number of blade bases 72, fixed flanges 73 and blades 74. . A number of blades 74 are fixed to each rotation shaft 71 in four directions via a blade base 72. The blade base 72 includes a root portion 72a in contact with the side surface of the rotating shaft 71, a cylindrical fitting portion 72b having a smaller diameter than the root portion, and a trunk portion 72c obtained by flattening a cylindrical shape extending from the fitting portion 72b. Become.
[0024]
The blade base 72 is rotated by the surface pressure applied to the root portion 72a from the fixed flange 73 and the rotation shaft 71 by fixing the fixing flange 73 to the fitting portion 72b and tightening the bolt 72d to the rotation shaft 71 via the root portion 72a. It is fixed to a shaft 71. A blade 74 is fixed to the stem 72c with a bolt or the like. Therefore, only by loosening the bolt 72d and releasing the surface pressure applied to the root portion 72a, the blade base can be rotated with respect to the rotation axis and the direction of the blade 74 can be arbitrarily changed.
[0025]
According to this crushing and mixing apparatus, the raw material discharged from the hopper 1 by an appropriate amount is conveyed by the conveyor 5, and in the middle thereof, additives such as cement and lime in the tank 61 are added via the screw conveyor 6. The operation of mixing with the mixer 7 can be performed continuously. The direction of the blades 74 may be adjusted according to the properties of the materials to be mixed.
[0026]
When washing gravel, which is a product at a quarry site, the sludge that has been washed off is filtered and formed into a cake containing 20 to 30% of moisture, and then discarded. According to the crushing and mixing apparatus of this example, the operation of mixing cake lime and hardening cake-like sludge can be automatically and continuously performed. In addition, after being crushed by a cut screw, it is mixed with an additive, so that the size of the obtained cured mass is suitable for a roadbed material. For this reason, expensive crusher runs can be saved by mixing them as crusher runs, which are main materials such as building base materials and road construction roadbed materials, as fillers.
[0027]
-Embodiment 2-
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a front view showing the hopper of the second embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the inside of the hopper.
As described in the first embodiment, most of the raw material charged into the hopper 1 is sent from both sides of the discharge port 22 toward the discharge port 22, so that the raw material above the discharge port 22 is compressed into the following raw material. You. Therefore, when the raw material is clay-like, in the hopper 1 of the first embodiment, the compressed raw material may form a bridge above the discharge port and block the discharge port.
[0028]
Therefore, in this embodiment, the bridge cut knife 8 is fixed above the discharge port 22 in parallel with the rotation axis of the roller 3 so that the blade thereof faces upward. As a result, the charged raw material is divided by the bridge cut knife 8, so that the precursor of the bridge is not formed, and is pushed by the subsequent raw material to pass through the gap between the lowermost roller 3 and the bridge cut knife 8. Is discharged.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the hopper according to the present invention can smoothly discharge even a raw material having poor fluidity, and thus can be used as a raw material feeder for various apparatuses.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a hopper according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the inside of the hopper.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a cut screw applied to the hopper.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a crushing and mixing apparatus using a hopper.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the inside of a mixer applied to the crushing and mixing apparatus.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a mounting structure of blades of a mixer, wherein FIG. 7A is a front view, FIG. 7B is a left side view, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a hopper according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the inside of the hopper.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Hopper main body 21 Bottom surface 22 Discharge port 3 Roller 31 Guide 32 Large sprocket 33 Small sprocket 34 Sprocket 4 directly connected to motor 4 Cut screw 5 Conveyor 6 Screw conveyor 7 Mixer 71 Rotary shaft 72 Blade base 73 Fixed flange 74 Blade 8 Bridge cut knife

Claims (7)

A raw material is temporarily stored and sent out sequentially, and a main body having an inclined bottom surface and a discharge port at the bottom of the bottom surface, and a main body inside the main body so that the raw material can be sent toward the discharge port with rotation. A hopper comprising: a plurality of rollers arranged and fixed along the bottom surface along the bottom surface; and means for rotating the lower rollers faster . 2. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein the roller has a spiral guide which is concentric with the rotation axis and inverts around a central portion on an outer periphery thereof. Claims wherein the means for rotating about the roller fast with the lower, an endless chain connecting the two large and small sprockets attached to each roller, and a large sprocket roller in a smaller sprocket and upper rollers that are lower The hopper according to 1. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein a cut screw is attached to the discharge port. 2. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein a bridge cut knife for dividing the charged raw material before the raw material is loaded on the roller is fixed above the discharge port in parallel with the rotation axis of the roller. A transporting means for transporting the raw material discharged from the hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, an adding means for adding an additive to the raw material being transported by the transporting means, and mixing the transported raw material with the additive. Crushing and mixing apparatus provided with a mixer. The mixer has a rotating shaft, a root portion in contact with the rotating shaft, a cylindrical fitting portion having a diameter smaller than the root portion, and a blade base including a trunk portion formed by flattening a cylinder extending from the fitting portion in the axial direction, Claims: A fixed flange for fixing a blade base to a rotating shaft by being bolted to the rotating shaft while being fitted to a fitting portion and sandwiching a root portion between the rotating shaft, and a blade fixed to a trunk portion. 7. The pulverizing and mixing device according to 6 .

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