JP3598475B2 - Discharge lamp anode structure - Google Patents

Discharge lamp anode structure Download PDF

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JP3598475B2
JP3598475B2 JP27215995A JP27215995A JP3598475B2 JP 3598475 B2 JP3598475 B2 JP 3598475B2 JP 27215995 A JP27215995 A JP 27215995A JP 27215995 A JP27215995 A JP 27215995A JP 3598475 B2 JP3598475 B2 JP 3598475B2
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Prior art keywords
anode
discharge lamp
tungsten
carbide
bulb
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JP27215995A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09115479A (en
Inventor
野 正 宏 倉
沢 和 泉 芹
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Orc Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Orc Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ショートアーク型放電灯などの特定波長を含む紫外線を照射する放電灯の陽極の構造に係り、特に陽極の温度上昇を抑制することに優れた放電灯の陽極の構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、半導体の配線パターンを形成する際に、紫外線照射するショートアーク型などの放電灯が光源として使用されている。この放電灯は、陽極を上または下にした状態で垂直点灯して使用している。そして、前記放電灯は、点灯すると高熱となることが知られている。また、放電灯を点灯状態にすると、陽極は陰極から送られてくる電子が衝突し、その衝突により蒸発、消耗する。さらに、電子の衝突により電極が消耗すると、熱対流により放電灯の内壁、特に発光管中央部から上部側の内管壁が黒化する問題があった。
【0003】
したがって、上記問題を解決するため、陽極側を保護すると共に、陽極の温度上昇を抑制する構成の放電灯も提案されている。その放電灯の構成は、陽極の表面にタングステンと、熱放射率の高い炭化タンタルとの混合物を陽極の外表面に焼結したものである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記従来の放電灯の構成では、以下のような問題点が存在していた。
【0005】
▲1▼ 陽極の表面に炭化タンタルおよびタングステンを焼結した構成としているが、その炭化タンタルおよびタングステン共に融点が高く、かつ、陽極との密着性が悪いため、必ずしも陽極の温度上昇を抑制することができなかった。 ▲2▼ 陽極との密着性が悪いことから、炭化タンタルあるいはタングステンなどが陽極から容易に離脱し、発光管の内管壁の黒化を早める場合もあった。
【0006】
この発明は、前述の問題点を解決すべく創案されたもので、陽極との密着性に優れ、また、陽極の温度上昇を適切に抑制でき、さらに、陽極表面の保護に優れ、また、放電灯の内管壁の黒化を少なく、そして、放電灯の使用寿命を長くすることができる放電灯の陽極の構造を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の課題を解決するため、この発明は、バルブ中央の膨出する発光空間内に対向して陽極と陰極電極が設置される放電灯であって、前記陽極は、その先端部を除く少なくとも一部の外表面に炭化タングステン(WC)と炭化タンタル(TaC)およびタングステン(W)の混合物を焼結して多孔質層を形成した放電灯の陽極の構造として構成した。
【0008】
したがって、陽極がタングステンであることから、前記条件の混合物で、その陽極表面に焼結すると、その陽極表面との結合を強固とする。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1(a)は、ショートアーク型放電灯の全体の構成を示す正面図、図1(b)は、電極部分を示す拡大した正面図である。図2(a)(b)は、電極部分の応用例を示す拡大した正面図である。
【0010】
図1で示すように、ショートアーク型の放電灯1は、石英ガラスで形成されたバルブ2と、このバルブ2内に対向して配置された陽極3および陰極電極6と、前記両電極3、6のそれぞれの基端側で前記バルブ2に設けた口金部9、10から構成されている。
【0011】
前記バルブ2は、その中央部が膨出して形成された発光管部2aと、この発光管部2aの両側に円管状に延びる封止管部2b,2bとから構成されている。さらに、前記バルブ2内には、所定量の水銀と、常温で所定気圧の不活性ガスとが封入されている。そして、前記バルブ2の発光管部2a内に、前記陽極3および陰極電極6が所定距離離間した状態で対向して配置されている。
【0012】
前記陽極3は、タングステンなどの部材で所定形状に形成され、その基端側から支持部4を介して金属箔5に接続されている。なお、前記金属箔5は、モリブデン箔で形成され、所定板厚に形成されている。
【0013】
前記陽極3は、その先端部を除く外表面の一部に多孔質層3cを設けている。この多孔質層3cは、炭化タングステン(WC)と炭化タンタル(TaC)およびタングステン(W)の混合物を焼結して形成される。なお、適切な混合量としては、前記炭化タンタル粉末を1としたきのタングステン粉末の割合αが0.5≦α≦2とし、このときの前記炭化タングステン粉末の割合βが0.1<β≦1を満足する割合で混合されるとことが望ましい。なお、炭化タングステン粉末を炭化タンタル粉末およびタングステン粉末に混入することが陽極3との焼結強度を高めることになるため、放電灯1の種類によっては、必ずしも前記混合比率に限定される必要はない。
【0014】
前記構成の陽極3を形成する場合は、前記した所定量の炭化タングステン、炭化タンタルおよびタングステン粉末の混合物に、溶媒を加え陽極3の先端部を除く外表面に塗布する。そして、乾燥した後に、減圧雰囲気で高温加熱して焼結している。
【0015】
なお、炭化タングステンを所定割合で混合することで、陽極3との焼結強度を高める理由としては、炭化タングステンの炭素が、炭化タンタルのタンタルや、タングステンや、陽極3のタングステンと結合するためと思われる。
【0016】
また、図2(a)で示すように、放電灯1の陽極13の構造は、その先端部13bが、陰極16と対面する部位を平らに形成し、その平らな部位から胴部13aと接続する曲線部分から構成されている。そして、前記炭化タンタル、炭化タングステンおよびタングステンを上記した所定割合で焼結した多孔質層13cは、胴部13aの全体に形成している。
【0017】
さらに、図2(b)で示すように、放電灯1の陽極23の構造は、先端部23bを曲面で形成し、胴部23aに、炭化タンタル、炭化タングステンおよびタングステンを前記の所定割合で焼結し多孔質層23cを設けている。
【0018】
なお、前記多孔質層3c,13c,23cは、その胴部3a,13a,23aの全体に焼結して形成しているが、輻射熱を効率よく発散できる範囲であれば、その胴部3a,13a,23aの一部でも構わない。
【0019】
【実施例】
前記構成の陽極3を備える放電灯1を実際に点灯してその使用状態を実験した結果を表1に示す。なお、前記バルブ2内には、1mg/ccの水銀と、常温で0.7気圧の不活性ガスとしてのアルゴンガスが封入されている。そして、前記バルブ2の発光管部2a内に、前記陽極3および陰極電極6が4mm離間した状態で対向して配置されている。また、前記金属箔5、8は、モリブデン箔を0.02mm程度の板厚に形成している。
【0020】
さらに、この実験データでは、炭化タンタル粉末1で、タングステン粉末1のとき、炭化タングステンの混合比率βを0.1<β≦1の割合で混合したものを陽極3の外表面に焼結して使用した。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0003598475
【0022】
表1でも明らかなように、前記炭化タングステンの混合比率βが上記の条件を満たしている場合は、バルブ2内に付着する黒化が少なく放電灯1の寿命が長い。また、炭化タングステンの割合が0.1である場合は、黒化は、一定時間で平均的であった。さらに、放電灯1の寿命は1000時間であった。
【0023】
そして、炭化タングステンの混合比率の割合αを1を越える例えば2とした場合は、黒化の程度は多く、放電灯1の寿命も400時間といちじるしく短くなった。これは炭化タングステンの融点が低いため、蒸発する割合も増えるためである。したがって、黒化が進むことでさらに放電灯1の寿命も短くなった。なお、放電灯1として最適な比率は、炭化タンタル1でタングステン1のとき、炭化タングステンが0.5の割合のときであった。
【0024】
なお、前記構成の放電灯では、陽極および陰極電極の形状は、特定されるものではなく、また、放電灯内に封入される封入ガスや、水銀などの封入物の量や種類も特定されるものではない。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べたごとく本発明は次の優れた効果を発揮する。
放電灯の陽極の外表面に、炭化タングステンの粉末を、炭化タンタル粉末とタングステン粉末に混入して焼結しているため、陽極の先端部を除く外表面の一部に形成された多孔質層は、その陽極との焼結強度が強くなり、的確に陽極の温度上昇を抑制することができる。そのため、放電灯の使用寿命を従来の放電灯より延ばすことが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)(b)は、この発明の実施の第1の形態を示す放電灯の全体図および電極部分の拡大正面図である。
【図2】(a)(b)は、この発明の応用例を示す放電灯の電極部分の拡大正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 放電灯
2 バルブ
2a 発光管部
2b 封止管部
3 陽極
3a 胴部
3b 先端部
3c 多孔質層
4 支持部
5 金属箔
6 陰極電極
7 支持部
8 金属箔
9 口金部
10 口金部
13 陽極
23 陽極[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of an anode of a discharge lamp such as a short arc type discharge lamp which irradiates ultraviolet rays including a specific wavelength, and particularly to a structure of an anode of a discharge lamp which is excellent in suppressing a rise in temperature of the anode.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, when forming a semiconductor wiring pattern, a discharge lamp of a short arc type or the like that irradiates ultraviolet rays is used as a light source. This discharge lamp is used by vertically lighting with the anode up or down. It is known that the discharge lamp becomes hot when turned on. Further, when the discharge lamp is turned on, electrons sent from the cathode collide with the anode, and the anode is evaporated and consumed by the collision. Further, when the electrodes are consumed by the collision of electrons, there is a problem that the inner wall of the discharge lamp, in particular, the inner tube wall on the upper side from the center of the arc tube is blackened by thermal convection.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, a discharge lamp having a configuration that protects the anode side and suppresses a temperature rise of the anode has been proposed. The structure of the discharge lamp is such that a mixture of tungsten on the surface of the anode and tantalum carbide having a high thermal emissivity is sintered on the outer surface of the anode.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the configuration of the above-described conventional discharge lamp has the following problems.
[0005]
(1) Tantalum carbide and tungsten are sintered on the surface of the anode, but both tantalum carbide and tungsten have a high melting point and poor adhesion to the anode. Could not. {Circle around (2)} Due to poor adhesion to the anode, tantalum carbide, tungsten, or the like may be easily detached from the anode, accelerating blackening of the inner tube wall of the arc tube.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has excellent adhesiveness with the anode, can appropriately suppress a rise in the temperature of the anode, further has excellent protection of the anode surface, and has an excellent structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of an anode of a discharge lamp that can reduce blackening of an inner tube wall of an electric lamp and prolong the service life of the discharge lamp.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a discharge lamp in which an anode and a cathode electrode are installed facing a bulging light emitting space in the center of a bulb, wherein the anode has at least one part except a tip part thereof. On the outer surface of the part, a mixture of tungsten carbide (WC), tantalum carbide (TaC) and tungsten (W) was sintered to form a porous lamp-formed anode structure.
[0008]
Therefore, since the anode is tungsten, sintering the surface of the anode with the mixture under the above conditions strengthens the bond with the surface of the anode.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1A is a front view showing an entire configuration of a short arc discharge lamp, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged front view showing an electrode portion. FIGS. 2A and 2B are enlarged front views showing application examples of the electrode portion.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 1, a short arc type discharge lamp 1 includes a bulb 2 formed of quartz glass, an anode 3 and a cathode electrode 6 disposed in the bulb 2 so as to face each other, and the two electrodes 3. 6 is provided with bases 9 and 10 provided on the bulb 2 at the base end side.
[0011]
The bulb 2 includes an arc tube portion 2a formed by bulging a central portion thereof, and sealing tube portions 2b, 2b extending in a circular shape on both sides of the arc tube portion 2a. Further, a predetermined amount of mercury and an inert gas having a predetermined pressure at room temperature are sealed in the valve 2. The anode 3 and the cathode electrode 6 are arranged in the arc tube portion 2a of the bulb 2 so as to face each other with a predetermined distance therebetween.
[0012]
The anode 3 is formed in a predetermined shape by a member such as tungsten, and is connected to a metal foil 5 via a supporting portion 4 from the base end side. The metal foil 5 is formed of molybdenum foil and has a predetermined thickness.
[0013]
The anode 3 is provided with a porous layer 3c on a part of the outer surface except the tip. This porous layer 3c is formed by sintering a mixture of tungsten carbide (WC), tantalum carbide (TaC) and tungsten (W). In addition, as an appropriate mixing amount, the ratio α of the tungsten powder when the above-mentioned tantalum carbide powder is 1 is 0.5 ≦ α ≦ 2, and the ratio β of the tungsten carbide powder at this time is 0.1 <β. It is desirable that they are mixed at a ratio satisfying ≦ 1. It should be noted that mixing the tungsten carbide powder into the tantalum carbide powder and the tungsten powder increases the sintering strength with the anode 3, so that the mixing ratio is not necessarily limited depending on the type of the discharge lamp 1. .
[0014]
When forming the anode 3 having the above-described configuration, a solvent is added to a predetermined amount of the mixture of tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, and tungsten powder, and the mixture is applied to the outer surface of the anode 3 excluding the tip. Then, after drying, sintering is performed by heating at a high temperature in a reduced pressure atmosphere.
[0015]
The reason for increasing the sintering strength with the anode 3 by mixing tungsten carbide at a predetermined ratio is that carbon of the tungsten carbide is bonded to tantalum or tantalum carbide, tungsten, or tungsten of the anode 3. Seem.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 2A, the structure of the anode 13 of the discharge lamp 1 is such that the tip 13b has a flat portion facing the cathode 16, and the flat portion is connected to the body 13a. It is composed of a curved part. The porous layer 13c obtained by sintering the tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide, and tungsten at the above-described predetermined ratio is formed on the entire body 13a.
[0017]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the structure of the anode 23 of the discharge lamp 1 is such that the tip portion 23b is formed with a curved surface, and the body portion 23a is formed by burning tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide and tungsten at the above-mentioned predetermined ratio. The porous layer 23c is provided.
[0018]
The porous layers 3c, 13c, and 23c are formed by sintering the entire body 3a, 13a, and 23a. However, as long as the radiant heat can be efficiently dissipated, the body 3a, 13c, and 23a can be used. Part of 13a and 23a may be used.
[0019]
【Example】
Table 1 shows the results of an experiment in which the discharge lamp 1 including the anode 3 having the above configuration was actually turned on and used. The valve 2 is filled with 1 mg / cc of mercury and an inert gas of 0.7 atm at room temperature. The anode 3 and the cathode electrode 6 are arranged in the arc tube portion 2a of the bulb 2 so as to face each other with a distance of 4 mm. The metal foils 5 and 8 are formed of a molybdenum foil with a thickness of about 0.02 mm.
[0020]
Further, according to the experimental data, the tantalum carbide powder 1 and the tungsten powder 1 were mixed on the outer surface of the anode 3 by mixing a mixture ratio of tungsten carbide β at a ratio of 0.1 <β ≦ 1. used.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003598475
[0022]
As is clear from Table 1, when the mixing ratio β of the tungsten carbide satisfies the above condition, the blackening that adheres to the bulb 2 is small and the life of the discharge lamp 1 is long. When the proportion of tungsten carbide was 0.1, blackening was average over a certain period of time. Further, the life of the discharge lamp 1 was 1000 hours.
[0023]
When the ratio α of the mixture ratio of tungsten carbide was set to, for example, 2 exceeding 1, the degree of blackening was large, and the life of the discharge lamp 1 was significantly shortened to 400 hours. This is because the rate of evaporation increases because the melting point of tungsten carbide is low. Therefore, the life of the discharge lamp 1 was further shortened as the blackening progressed. Note that the optimum ratio for the discharge lamp 1 was when tantalum carbide 1 was tungsten 1 and tungsten carbide was 0.5.
[0024]
In the discharge lamp having the above-described configuration, the shapes of the anode and the cathode are not specified, and the amount and type of the filling gas such as mercury and the filling gas filled in the discharge lamp are also specified. Not something.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.
Since tungsten carbide powder is mixed with tantalum carbide powder and tungsten powder and sintered on the outer surface of the anode of the discharge lamp, a porous layer formed on a part of the outer surface excluding the tip of the anode In this case, the sintering strength with the anode is increased, and the temperature rise of the anode can be accurately suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to extend the service life of the discharge lamp as compared with the conventional discharge lamp.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are an overall view of a discharge lamp and an enlarged front view of an electrode portion showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are enlarged front views of electrode portions of a discharge lamp showing an application example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Discharge lamp 2 Bulb 2a Emitting tube part 2b Sealing tube part 3 Anode 3a Body part 3b Tip part 3c Porous layer 4 Support part 5 Metal foil 6 Cathode electrode 7 Support part 8 Metal foil 9 Base part 10 Base part 13 Anode 23 anode

Claims (1)

バルブ中央の膨出する発光空間内に対向して陽極と陰極電極が設置される放電灯であって、前記陽極は、その先端部を除く少なくとも一部の外表面に炭化タングステン(WC)と炭化タンタル(TaC)およびタングステン(W)の混合物を焼結して多孔質層を形成したことを特徴とした放電灯の陽極の構造。A discharge lamp in which an anode and a cathode are installed facing each other in a bulging luminous space at the center of the bulb, and the anode has tungsten carbide (WC) and carbon carbide on at least a part of an outer surface except a tip portion thereof. An anode structure for a discharge lamp, wherein a porous layer is formed by sintering a mixture of tantalum (TaC) and tungsten (W).
JP27215995A 1995-10-20 1995-10-20 Discharge lamp anode structure Expired - Fee Related JP3598475B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE102010024240A1 (en) 2009-06-30 2011-01-05 Ushio Denki K.K. Anode for use in fluorescent tube in short arc-discharge lamp utilized as light source for exposure device that forms little switching circuit pattern, has boundary area distanced from anode middle axis in radial outward aligned manner

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JP4295527B2 (en) * 2003-02-27 2009-07-15 株式会社アライドマテリアル Discharge lamp and its electrode structure
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DE102010044259B4 (en) 2009-09-15 2012-11-15 Ushio Denki K.K. Short-arc discharge lamp

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010024240A1 (en) 2009-06-30 2011-01-05 Ushio Denki K.K. Anode for use in fluorescent tube in short arc-discharge lamp utilized as light source for exposure device that forms little switching circuit pattern, has boundary area distanced from anode middle axis in radial outward aligned manner

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JPH09115479A (en) 1997-05-02

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