JP3598431B2 - Aqueous emulsion - Google Patents

Aqueous emulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3598431B2
JP3598431B2 JP2300097A JP2300097A JP3598431B2 JP 3598431 B2 JP3598431 B2 JP 3598431B2 JP 2300097 A JP2300097 A JP 2300097A JP 2300097 A JP2300097 A JP 2300097A JP 3598431 B2 JP3598431 B2 JP 3598431B2
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Prior art keywords
amino group
emulsion
aqueous emulsion
parts
polymerization
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JP2300097A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10219067A (en
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征司 谷本
昌人 仲前
寿昭 佐藤
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Kuraray Co Ltd
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Kuraray Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、水性エマルジョンに関し、さらに詳しくは、耐水接着力に優れ、木工用接着剤、合板用接着剤、塗料、繊維加工剤、紙加工剤などとして好適な水性エマルジョンに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、水性ポリマーエマルジョンは、木、紙、プラスチック等の接着剤、塗料、繊維加工剤、紙加工剤など多くの用途で広範に使用されている。しかし、近年、接着製品等の耐久性に対する要求が高まる中で、水性エマルジョンの耐水性の改良が強く望まれている。このような状況において、水性ポリマーエマルジョンに架橋性基を導入する試みが多くなされており、接着剤の耐久性も飛躍的に向上しつつある。
例えば、最近、アセトアセチル基を水性ポリマーエマルジョンに導入する方法が検討されており、耐水性の顕著な向上が報告されているが、アセトアセチル基自身が極めて反応性に富むが故にポットライフが悪く、しかも、第三成分を添加して組成物とする場合に厳しい制限がある。
また、以前より、カルボキシル基を水性エマルジョンに導入し、その水性エマルジョンにカルボキシル基と反応する多官能性架橋剤を添加する方法が数多く検討されている。しかし、この場合も、耐水性とポットライフのバランスをとることが難しい状況にある。
【0003】
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような事情のもとで、皮膜の耐水性に優れ、しかもポットライフの良好な水性エマルジョンを提供することを目的とするものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的は、エチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とし、エポキシ基を有する単量体と酢酸ビニルからなる重合体の側鎖のエポキシ基に、アミノ基を有するメルカプタンを付加反応させ、さらに鹸化して得た分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を0.1〜30モル%有するポリビニルアルコールを分散剤とする水性エマルジョンを提供することによって達成される。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明の水性エマルジョンは、エチレン性不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とし、上記した分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールを分散剤とするもので、成分の分離、沈降、凝集などが生じず、安定な水性液の状態を保つことができる。
このような水性エマルジョンの代表例としては、
(a)分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールの存在下に水性媒体中でエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体を乳化重合して得られる水性エマルジョン[以下これを「(a)」ということがある];
(b)エチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンに、分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールを添加して得られる水性エマルジョン[以下これを「(b)」ということがある];
を挙げることができる。
【0006】
そこでまず(a)および(b)に用いる、分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコール(以下これを「アミノ基含有PVA」と略称することがある)について具体的に説明する。
分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を含有するポリビニルアルコール系重合体は、アリルグルシジルエーテルなどのエポキシ基を有する単量体と酢酸ビニルからなる重合体の側鎖のエポキシ基に、アミノ基を有するメルカプタン(2−アミノチオフエノ−ル、2−アミノエタンチオ−ルなど)をNaOH等を触媒として付加反応させた後、鹸化する方法により得られる。
【0007】
本発明の分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールは、分子内に一級または二級アミノ基以外の官能基を有していても、また他の単量体を共重合成分として有していても本発明の効果を損なわない限り差し支えない。ここで他の単量体成分としては、エチレン、イソブチレン、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、(無水)フマル酸、(無水)マレイン酸,イタコン酸、アリルスルホン酸、メタリルスルホン酸、ビニルスルホン酸、アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、メタクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、アクリル酸スルホプロピル、メタクリル酸スルホプロピル及びそれらのアルカリ塩、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、トリメチル−(3−アクリルアミド−3−ジメチルプロピル)−アンモニウムクロリド、エチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル、N−ビニルピロリドン、塩化ビニル、臭化ビニル、フッ化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニリデン、テトラフルオロエチレンなどが挙げられる。
また、チオール酢酸、メルカプトプロピオン酸などのチオール化合物存在下で、酢酸ビニルなどのビニルエステル系単量体を重合することによって得られる末端に官能基を有するものでも良い。
【0008】
本発明の分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールにおける一級アミノ基または二級アミノ基の含有量は、特に制限はなく各種の状況に応じて適宜選定すればよいが、通常は、該官能基を含有する単量体単位として0.130モル%、このましくは0.5〜25モル%である。該官能基が0.1モル%未満では官能基を導入したことによる効果が十分に発現しない場合があり、一方、30モル%をこえるとポリビニルアルコール本来の特性が十分に発現しなくなる恐れがある。
また、この官能基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールの重合度は、使用目的により異なり、一義的に定めることはできないが、100以上が好ましく特に200〜8000がより好ましい。また、この変性ポリビニルアルコールの鹸化度についても特に制限はないが、50モル%以上が好ましく特に80〜99.9モル%がより好ましい。
【0009】
次に(a)について具体的に説明する。
(a)は、一般にアミノ基含有PVAの存在下にエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体を乳化重合して得られる水性エマルジョンからなっている。アミノ基含有PVAの存在下に乳化重合できる不飽和単量体としては、例えば、酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステル系不飽和単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリルニトリル、(メタ)アクリルアミド、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル等のアクリル系不飽和単量体、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、臭化ビニル等のハロゲン含有不飽和単量体、スチレン系単量体、エチレン、プロピレンなどのオレフィン系単量体、ブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン等のジエン系単量体などを挙げることができ、(a)はこれらの不飽和単量体の1種または2種以上をアミノ基含有PVAの存在下に乳化重合することによって得ることができる。
【0010】
(a)においては、分散質である上述の不飽和単量体単位からなる(共)重合体と分散剤であるアミノ基含有PVAとの比率は各々の状況に応じて調節することができるが、通常はアミノ基含有PVAの量を、分散質100重量部に対して0.5〜300重量部とすることが好ましく、1〜200重量部とすることがより好ましい。分散質100重量部に対してアミノ基含有PVAの量が0.5重量部未満である場合には、ポリビニルアルコール保護コロイド系の特徴である機械的安定性に優れる実用的な高固形分濃度のエマルジョンが得られなくなる場合があり、一方アミノ基含有PVAの量があまり多すぎると、エマルジョンの放置安定性が低下するなどの問題を生ずる場合がある。アミノ基含有PVAを前記した量にすると、保存安定性、機械的安定性に優れる(a)を得ることができる。
【0011】
また、(a)は、目的を阻害しない範囲内の量で、アミノ基含有PVAと共に、従来公知の各種PVAや、水溶性セルロース誘導体等の水溶性高分子やアニオン性、カチオン性、ノニオン性あるいは両性の低分子界面活性剤を含有していてもよい。
そして、(a)では、水性液中における全重合体の合計濃度が約20〜70重量%であることが、(a)の分散安定性、取り扱い性などの点から好ましく、30〜60重量%であることがより好ましい。
【0012】
(a)の製造方法は特に制限されないが、好ましくは、アミノ基含有PVAの存在下に、上記した不飽和単量体の1種または2種以上を用いて乳化重合を行うことにより製造される。乳化重合時の不飽和単量体とアミノ基含有PVAの使用割合は、重合により得られる(a)における分散質(不飽和単量体の重合により得られる重合体)とアミノ基含有PVAとの割合が上記した好ましい範囲になるようにして定めることが望ましい。
乳化重合は、通常の乳化重合反応におけるのと同様に、水系媒体中でアミノ基含有PVAの存在下に、上記した不飽和単量体の1種または2種以上を、ラジカル重合開始剤を使用して重合させることによって実施される。その際の重合開始剤としては、例えば過酸化水素水、ベンゾイルパーオキシド、ジクミルパーオキシド、キュメンハイドロパーオキシド、t−ブチルハイドロパーオキシド、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、過硫酸塩(カリウム、ナトリウムあるいはアンモニウム塩)、過酢酸t-ブチル、安息香酸t-ブチル、水溶性アゾ系開始剤(V−50等)などが単独で、あるいは前記した化合物と亜硫酸ナトリウム、トリエタノールアミン、ロンガリット、L- アスコルビン酸、酒石酸などの還元剤を併用して用いられる。
【0013】
また、(a)を製造するための具体的な重合方法も特に制限されないが、例えば、〔1〕アミノ基含有PVA、前述の不飽和単量体および水を一括して仕込んで重合する方法;〔2〕アミノ基含有PVAを含有する水中に不飽和単量体の一部を仕込んで重合を開始し、次いで残りの不飽和単量体を重合系に逐次添加して重合する方法;〔3〕アミノ基含有PVA、不飽和単量体および水を予め混合しておき、この一部を仕込んで重合を開始し、残りを重合系に逐次添加して重合する方法;〔4〕アミノ基含有PVAを含有する水中に2種以上の単量体組成の異なる不飽和単量体を2段階以上に分けて重合系に逐次添加して多段階で共重合させる方法;などを挙げることができる。
【0014】
本発明の(a)は、長期間放置しても安定であり、エマルジョン中に含まれる成分の沈降や凝集、凝固などが生じず、また、外部から多少の機械的作用(例えば撹拌や揺動など)が加えられてもその安定な分散状態が破壊されず、長期に亙って良好な接着性能を保つことができる。
【0015】
次に、(b)について具体的に説明する。
(b)エチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンに、分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を有する変性ポリビニルアルコールを添加して得られる水性エマルジョンであり、一般に、予め製造されているエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンに、アミノ基含有PVAを直接そのまま混合するか、またはアミノ基含有PVAの水溶液を混合することによって得ることができる。
その場合のエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンとしては、(a)の調製に用いいるのと同様の不飽和単量体、例えば、酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステル系不飽和単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシルなどの(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、(メタ)アクリルアミド、(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル等のアクリル系不飽和単量体、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、臭化ビニル等のハロゲン含有不飽和単量体、スチレン系単量体、エチレン、プロピレンなどのオレフィン系単量体、ブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン等のジエン系単量体の1種または2種以上を、通常の乳化重合に用いられているのと同様、従来公知の各種PVAや、水溶性セルロース誘導体等の水溶性高分子やアニオン性、カチオン性、ノニオン性あるいは両性の低分子界面活性剤を用いて、上記したのと同様のラジカル重合開始剤の存在下に乳化重合したものを用いればよい。
【0016】
また、本発明のエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンには、上記の如きエチレン性不飽和単量体を水性媒体中で乳化重合して得られるもの以外に、種々の重合方法により得られた重合体を水性媒体に各種乳化分散安定剤を用いて機械的に後乳化したものや、種々の重合方法に得られる分子中に水溶性官能基(カルボキシル基、アミノ基、スルホン酸基等)を有する重合体を水性媒体中に自己乳化させたもの、例えば、ポリウレタンエマルジョン、ポリオレフィンエマルジョン、エポキシエマルジョン、ポリエステル系エマルジョンなどを性能を損なわない範囲で混合してもよい。
本発明に用いられるエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンは、上記の方法等で得られるものを単独で用いても良いが、必要があれば、二種以上を併用しても良い。
【0017】
そして、(b)では、エチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンとアミノ基含有PVAとの比率は各々の状況に応じて調節することができるが、(a)の場合と同様に、水性エマルジョン中の重合体100重量部に対してアミノ基含有PVAの割合を好ましくは0.5〜300重量部、より好ましくは1〜200重量部としておくことによって、固形分濃度の高い、保存安定性および機械的安定性に優れるエマルジョン形態の(b)を得ることができる。
【0018】
また、(b)は、目的を阻害しない範囲内の量で、アミノ基含有PVAと共に、アミノ基を持たないPVAを含有していてもよい。
そして、(b)においても、水性液中における全重合体の合計濃度が約20〜70重量%であることが、(b)の分散安定性、取り扱い性などの点から好ましい。
【0019】
(b)の製造方法は特に制限はないが、一般的にはエチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンに、アミノ基含有PVA水溶液を攪拌下混合することにより製造される。
このアミノ基含有PVA水溶液の調製法は特に制限されず、通常、上記したアミノ基含有PVAを適当な温度、好ましくは50〜100℃の温度で水に溶解させることによって調製することができる。
アミノ基含有PVA水溶液におけるアミノ基含有PVAの濃度は(b)中に含まれる他の成分の種類や濃度などに応じて調節し得るが、一般には5〜20重量%の濃度の水溶液にしておくことが、保存安定性、取り扱い性などの点から好ましい。
【0020】
さらに、本発明では、(b)には、(a)に対して、アミノ基含有PVAまたはその水溶液を更に追加添加したものも含まれる。
【0021】
また、本発明の水性エマルジョンは、必要に応じて、その乾燥性、セット性、粘度、造膜性などを調製するために、トルエン、パークレン、ジクロロベンゼン、トリクロロベンゼンなどの各種有機溶剤、でんぷん、変性でんぷん、酸化でんぷん、アルギン酸ソーダ、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、無水マレイン酸/イソブテン共重合体、無水マレイン酸/スチレン共重合体、無水マレイン酸/メチルビニルエーテル共重合体などの水溶性高分子や尿素/ホルマリン樹脂、尿素/メラミン/ホリマリン樹脂、フェノール/ホリマリン樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂、さらに、クレー、カオリン、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、木粉などの充填剤、小麦粉などの増量剤、酸化チタンなどの顔料あるいはその他、消泡剤、分散剤、凍結防止剤、防腐剤、防錆剤などの各種添加剤を含有するものでも良い。
本発明の水性エマルジョンは、耐水性が高いという特徴を生かして、木工用接着剤、紙加工用接着剤、塗料、繊維処理剤等の各種用途において用いられる。
【0022】
【実施例】
以下、実施例と比較例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらにより何ら限定されるものではない。なお、以下の実施例および比較例において「部」および「%」は、特に断らない限り重量基準を意味する。また、得られたエマルジョンの皮膜耐水性、耐水接着力および粘度安定性を下記の要領で評価した。
【0023】
(エマルジョンの評価)
(1)皮膜の耐水性
得られた水性エマルジョンを20℃、65%RH下で、PET上に流延し、7日間乾燥させて500μmの乾燥皮膜を得た。この皮膜を直径2.5cmに打ち抜き、それを試料として20℃水に24時間浸漬した場合の、皮膜の吸水率、溶出率を求めた。
(2)耐水接着力
得られた水性エマルジョンをツガ材(柾目)に150g/m塗布し、はりあわせて7kg/mの荷重で16時間圧締した。その後、解圧し、20℃、65%RH下で5日間養生した後、60℃の温水に3時間浸漬し、ぬれたままの状態で圧縮せん断強度を測定した。
(3)粘度安定性(ポットライフ)
エマルジョンを5℃および50℃に放置した場合の30日後の粘度変化を観察した。
【0024】
合成例1[アミノ基含有PVAの合成〔1〕]
撹拌機、還流冷却管、窒素導入管及び温度計を備えた反応器に、酢酸ビニルモノマー405部、アリルグリシジルエーテル11部およびメタノール30部を仕込み、窒素ガスを15分バブリングして脱気した。別途、メタノール15部に2,2−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル4.5部を溶解した開始剤溶液を調製し、窒素ガスのバブリングにより窒素置換した。反応器の昇温を開始し、内温が60℃となったところで、別途調製した開始剤溶液を添加し重合を開始した。60℃で4時間重合し冷却して重合を停止した。この時の固形分濃度は54.8%であった。続いて30℃、減圧下にメタノールを時々添加しながら未反応の酢酸ビニルモノマーの除去を行い、ポリ酢酸ビニル共重合体のメタノール溶液(濃度44.5%)を得た。この共重合体は、アリルグリシジルエーテル単位(エポキシ基)を2.1モル%含有する粘度平均分子量が80×10のポリ酢酸ビニル共重合体であった。
次に、撹拌機、還流冷却管、窒素導入管及び温度計を備えた反応器に、上記で得られたエポキシ基を有するポリ酢酸ビニル共重合体のメタノール溶液(濃度44.5%)100部を計り取り15分窒素ガスをバブリングした後、2−アミノチオフェノール8.0部と水酸化ナトリウム0.03部をメタノール48部に溶解したものを仕込んだ。撹拌しながら50℃で2時間反応させた後、40℃に冷却してから10%濃度の水酸化ナトリウムのメタノール溶液を40部添加し鹸化を行った。40℃で5時間放置した後粉砕し、酢酸8部を加えて中和し、メタノールで48時間ソックスレー抽出を行った後、60℃で20時間以上乾燥して、変性ポリビニルアルコールを得た。該変性ポリビニルアルコール(PVA−1)は、2.1モル%のアニリン基が導入されており、ビニルアルコール含量は97.0モル%、重合度1000であった。
【0025】
実施例1
合成例1の一級アミノ基含有PVA(重合度1000、けん化度97.0%、一級アミノ基含有量2.1モル%、PVA−1)5部に水100部を加え、95℃でPVAを加熱溶解した。該PVA水溶液を耐圧オートクレーブに仕込み、酢酸ビニル100部を添加して、窒素置換後、エチレンを40kg/cm2 まで圧入した。次いで、内温を60℃に上げ、V−50(和光純薬製水溶性アゾ系重合開始剤)の1%水溶液を逐次添加して共重合を行った。共重合は3時間で完了し、固形分濃度53.0%、粘度1120mPa・sの安定な酢酸ビニル- エチレン共重合体エマルジョン(Em−1)を得た。これを用いて、上記の(1)皮膜の耐水性(2)耐水接着力(3)粘度安定性の試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
実施例2
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、温度計、窒素吹込口を備えた1リットルガラス製重合容器に、イオン交換水100部、合成例1の一級アミノ基含有PVA(重合度1000、けん化度97.0%、一級アミノ基含有量2.1モル%、PVA−1)5部を仕込み95℃で完全に溶解した。次に、このPVA水溶液を冷却、窒素置換後、140rpmで撹拌しながら酢酸ビニル10部を仕込み、60℃に昇温した後、過酸化水素/酒石酸のレドックス開始剤系の存在下で重合を開始した。重合開始15分後から酢酸ビニル90部を3時間にわたって連続的に添加し、重合を完結させた。固形分濃度48.5%のポリ酢酸ビニルエマルジョン(Em−2)が得られた。このエマルジョンの100重量部に対してジブチルフタレート5部を添加混合した。これを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0027】
比較例1
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョン(クラレ製OM−4200、固形分濃度55%、Em−3)を用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0028】
比較例2
合成例1のアミノ基含有PVA(PVA−1)にかえて、無変性ポリビニルアルコール(PVA−3)を用いる以外は実施例2と同様にポリ酢酸ビニルエマルジョン(Em−4)を調製し、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0029】
実施例3
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョン(クラレ製OM−4200、固形分濃度55%、Em−3)100部に対して、合成例1のPVA−1の15%水溶液10部を添加して水性エマルジョンを調製した。この水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0030】
実施例4
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョン(クラレ製OM−4200、固形分濃度55%、Em−3)100部に対して、合成例1のPVA−1の15%水溶液1部を添加して水性エマルジョンを調製した。この水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0031】
実施例5
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョン(クラレ製OM−4200、固形分濃度55%、Em−3)100部に対して、合成例1のPVA−1の15%水溶液200部を添加して水性エマルジョンを調製した。この水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0032】
実施例6
比較例2のポリ酢酸ビニルエマルジョン(Em−4)100部に対して、合成例1のPVA−1の15%水溶液10部を添加して水性エマルジョンを調製した。この水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0033】
実施例7
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、温度計、窒素吹込口を備えた1リットルガラス製重合容器に、イオン交換水100部、非イオン性界面活性剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)3部、アニオン界面活性剤(サンデットBL、三洋化成製)0.5部を仕込み溶解した。次に、窒素置換後、140rpmで撹拌しながらアクリル酸n−ブチル1.3部とメタクリル酸メチル1.3部を仕込み、70℃に昇温した後、過硫酸アンモニウム5%水溶液2.5部を添加し重合を開始した。重合開始15分後からアクリル酸n−ブチル50部とメタクリル酸メチル50部を混合したものを2時間にわたって連続的に添加し、重合を完結させた。固形分濃度46.5%のポリ(アクリル酸n−ブチル/メタクリル酸メチル)エマルジョン(Em−5)が得られた。このエマルジョン100重量部に対して合成例1のPVA−1の15%水溶液10部を添加して水性エマルジョンを調製した。この水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0034】
比較例3
実施例3のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョン(クラレ製OM−4200、固形分濃度55%、Em−3)100部に対して、無変性ポリビニルアルコール(PVA−3)の15%水溶液10部を添加して水性エマルジョンを調製した。この水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様の試験を行った。結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 0003598431
【0036】
【発明の効果】
本発明の水性エマルジョンは、放置粘度安定性(ポットライフ)に優れる上、皮膜の耐水性および耐水接着力に優れており、木工用接着剤、合板用接着剤、紙加工剤、塗料、繊維加工剤などに幅広く好適に用いられる。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an aqueous emulsion, and more particularly to an aqueous emulsion having excellent water-resistant adhesive strength and suitable as an adhesive for woodworking, an adhesive for plywood, a paint, a fiber processing agent, a paper processing agent, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, aqueous polymer emulsions have been widely used in many applications such as adhesives for wood, paper, and plastics, paints, fiber processing agents, paper processing agents, and the like. However, in recent years, with the increasing demand for durability of adhesive products and the like, improvement of the water resistance of the aqueous emulsion has been strongly desired. Under such circumstances, many attempts have been made to introduce a crosslinkable group into the aqueous polymer emulsion, and the durability of the adhesive has been dramatically improved.
For example, recently, a method of introducing an acetoacetyl group into an aqueous polymer emulsion has been studied, and a remarkable improvement in water resistance has been reported, but the pot life is poor because the acetoacetyl group itself is extremely reactive. In addition, there is a strict limitation when the third component is added to form a composition.
In addition, many methods have been studied for introducing a carboxyl group into an aqueous emulsion and adding a polyfunctional crosslinking agent that reacts with the carboxyl group to the aqueous emulsion. However, also in this case, it is difficult to balance water resistance and pot life.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
Under such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous emulsion having excellent water resistance of a film and a good pot life.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object is to make a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a diene monomer a dispersoid, and a monomer having an epoxy group and an acetic acid A mercaptan having an amino group is added to an epoxy group in a side chain of a vinyl polymer to undergo an addition reaction, and further saponified to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in an amount of 0.1 to 30 mol% in a molecule. This is achieved by providing an aqueous emulsion as a dispersant.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The aqueous emulsion of the present invention comprises a polymer composed of ethylenically unsaturated monomer units as a dispersoid, and a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in the above-mentioned molecule as a dispersant. Separation, sedimentation, aggregation, etc. do not occur, and a stable aqueous liquid state can be maintained.
As a representative example of such an aqueous emulsion,
(A) one or more unsaturated monomers selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in the molecule; Aqueous emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer [hereinafter sometimes referred to as “(a)”];
(B) an aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers as a dispersoid; Aqueous emulsion obtained by adding a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a secondary amino group [hereinafter sometimes referred to as “(b)”];
Can be mentioned.
[0006]
Therefore, first, a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in a molecule (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “amino group-containing PVA”) used in (a) and (b) will be specifically described.
Polyvinyl alcohol polymer containing a primary or secondary amino group in the molecule, the epoxy groups of the side chains of the polymer comprising monomer and vinyl acetate having an epoxy group such as allyl glycidyl ether, an amino group It is obtained by subjecting a mercaptan (e.g., 2-aminothiophenol or 2-aminoethanethiol) to an addition reaction using NaOH or the like as a catalyst, followed by saponification .
[0007]
The modified polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in the molecule of the present invention may have a functional group other than the primary or secondary amino group in the molecule, or may have other monomers as a copolymerization component. Even if it has, it does not matter as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Here, other monomer components include ethylene, isobutylene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, (anhydrous) fumaric acid, (anhydrous) maleic acid, itaconic acid, allylsulfonic acid, and methallylsulfonic acid. , Vinylsulfonic acid, acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, methacrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, sulfopropyl acrylate, sulfopropyl methacrylate and their alkali salts, acrylamide, methacrylamide, trimethyl- (3-acrylamide -3-dimethylpropyl) -ammonium chloride, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene And the like.
Further, those having a functional group at the terminal obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester monomer such as vinyl acetate in the presence of a thiol compound such as thiolacetic acid or mercaptopropionic acid may be used.
[0008]
The content of the primary amino group or the secondary amino group in the modified polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in the molecule of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on various situations, but usually, And 0.1 to 30 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 25 mol%, as a monomer unit containing the functional group. When the amount of the functional group is less than 0.1 mol%, the effect of introducing the functional group may not be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 30 mol%, the inherent properties of polyvinyl alcohol may not be sufficiently exhibited. .
In addition, the degree of polymerization of the modified polyvinyl alcohol having this functional group varies depending on the purpose of use, and cannot be determined uniquely, but is preferably 100 or more, particularly preferably 200 to 8000. The degree of saponification of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 mol% or more, and more preferably 80 to 99.9 mol%.
[0009]
Next, (a) will be specifically described.
(A) is an aqueous emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization of one or more unsaturated monomers selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers in the presence of amino group-containing PVA. Consists of Examples of unsaturated monomers capable of emulsion polymerization in the presence of amino group-containing PVA include vinyl ester unsaturated monomers such as vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) Acrylic unsaturated monomers such as ethyl acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, Halogen-containing unsaturated monomers such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and vinyl bromide, styrene monomers, olefin monomers such as ethylene and propylene, and diene monomers such as butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene. (A) is an emulsion polymerization of one or more of these unsaturated monomers in the presence of an amino group-containing PVA. It can be obtained by the.
[0010]
In (a), the ratio between the (co) polymer composed of the above-mentioned unsaturated monomer unit as a dispersoid and the amino group-containing PVA as a dispersant can be adjusted according to each situation. Usually, the amount of the amino group-containing PVA is preferably 0.5 to 300 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the dispersoid. When the amount of the amino group-containing PVA is less than 0.5 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the dispersoid, a practical high solid content concentration excellent in mechanical stability characteristic of a polyvinyl alcohol protective colloid system is obtained. In some cases, an emulsion cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the amount of the amino group-containing PVA is too large, problems such as a decrease in the storage stability of the emulsion may occur. When the amino group-containing PVA is used in the above-mentioned amount, (a) excellent in storage stability and mechanical stability can be obtained.
[0011]
In addition, (a) is an amount within a range that does not inhibit the purpose, together with the amino group-containing PVA, a conventionally known various PVA, a water-soluble polymer such as a water-soluble cellulose derivative, an anionic, cationic, nonionic or An amphoteric low molecular surfactant may be contained.
In (a), it is preferable that the total concentration of all the polymers in the aqueous liquid is about 20 to 70% by weight, from the viewpoint of dispersion stability and handleability of (a), and 30 to 60% by weight. Is more preferable.
[0012]
The production method of (a) is not particularly limited, but is preferably produced by carrying out emulsion polymerization using one or more of the above unsaturated monomers in the presence of an amino group-containing PVA. . The proportion of the unsaturated monomer and the amino group-containing PVA used in the emulsion polymerization is determined by the difference between the dispersoid (polymer obtained by polymerization of the unsaturated monomer) and the amino group-containing PVA in (a) obtained by polymerization. It is desirable that the ratio be determined so as to fall within the above-mentioned preferable range.
Emulsion polymerization uses one or more of the above unsaturated monomers and a radical polymerization initiator in the presence of amino group-containing PVA in an aqueous medium in the same manner as in a normal emulsion polymerization reaction. It is carried out by polymerization. Examples of the polymerization initiator at that time include aqueous hydrogen peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, persulfate (potassium, sodium Or ammonium salt), t-butyl peracetate, t-butyl benzoate, a water-soluble azo initiator (V-50 or the like) alone, or the compound described above and sodium sulfite, triethanolamine, Rongalit, L- It is used in combination with a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid or tartaric acid.
[0013]
Further, the specific polymerization method for producing (a) is not particularly limited, but, for example, [1] a method in which the amino group-containing PVA, the above-mentioned unsaturated monomer and water are charged at once and polymerized; [2] A method in which a part of unsaturated monomers are charged into water containing amino group-containing PVA to start polymerization, and then the remaining unsaturated monomers are sequentially added to a polymerization system to carry out polymerization; A method in which an amino group-containing PVA, an unsaturated monomer and water are mixed in advance, a part of the mixture is charged, polymerization is started, and the remainder is sequentially added to a polymerization system to carry out polymerization; [4] amino group-containing method A method in which two or more types of unsaturated monomers having different monomer compositions are divided into two or more stages in water containing PVA, and are sequentially added to the polymerization system to copolymerize in multiple stages.
[0014]
(A) of the present invention is stable even when left for a long period of time, does not cause sedimentation, aggregation, or coagulation of components contained in the emulsion, and has some external mechanical action (for example, stirring or rocking). ) Is not destroyed in the stable dispersion state, and good adhesive performance can be maintained for a long period of time.
[0015]
Next, (b) will be specifically described.
(B) an aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers as a dispersoid; An aqueous emulsion obtained by adding a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a secondary amino group, generally one or two or more unsaturated monomers selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers which have been produced in advance. It can be obtained by directly mixing an amino group-containing PVA directly or an aqueous solution of an amino group-containing PVA with an aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of monomer units as a dispersoid.
In such a case, the aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers as a dispersoid is prepared by preparing (a) Unsaturated monomers similar to those used in, for example, vinyl ester unsaturated monomers such as vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) Acrylic unsaturated monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters such as butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrylamide and 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate , Vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, halogen-containing unsaturated monomers such as vinyl bromide, styrene monomers, olefins such as ethylene and propylene One or more of diene monomers such as a monomer, butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene are used in a usual emulsion polymerization, and various kinds of conventionally known PVA, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, etc. Emulsion polymerization using a water-soluble polymer or an anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric low molecular surfactant in the presence of the same radical polymerization initiator as described above may be used.
[0016]
The aqueous emulsion of the present invention containing a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers as a dispersoid, In addition to those obtained by emulsion polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an aqueous medium, polymers obtained by various polymerization methods were post-emulsified mechanically using various emulsion dispersion stabilizers in an aqueous medium. And those obtained by self-emulsifying a polymer having a water-soluble functional group (carboxyl group, amino group, sulfonic acid group, etc.) in a molecule obtained by various polymerization methods in an aqueous medium, for example, polyurethane emulsion, polyolefin Emulsions, epoxy emulsions, polyester-based emulsions and the like may be mixed as long as the performance is not impaired.
The aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers used in the present invention as a dispersoid is prepared by the above-described method. May be used alone, but if necessary, two or more kinds may be used in combination.
[0017]
In (b), an aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers as a dispersoid and an amino group-containing polymer Although the ratio with PVA can be adjusted according to each situation, the ratio of the amino group-containing PVA to 100 parts by weight of the polymer in the aqueous emulsion is preferably 0.1% as in (a). By setting the amount to 5 to 300 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 200 parts by weight, it is possible to obtain the emulsion form (b) having a high solid content and excellent storage stability and mechanical stability.
[0018]
In addition, (b) may contain an amino group-containing PVA and a non-amino group-containing PVA in an amount not to impair the purpose.
And also in (b), it is preferable that the total concentration of all the polymers in the aqueous liquid is about 20 to 70% by weight in view of the dispersion stability and handleability of (b).
[0019]
The production method of (b) is not particularly limited, but generally a polymer comprising one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers is used. It is produced by mixing an aqueous solution of amino group-containing PVA with stirring in an aqueous emulsion to be used as a dispersoid.
The method for preparing the amino group-containing PVA aqueous solution is not particularly limited, and it can be usually prepared by dissolving the above-mentioned amino group-containing PVA in water at a suitable temperature, preferably at a temperature of 50 to 100 ° C.
The concentration of the amino group-containing PVA in the amino group-containing PVA aqueous solution can be adjusted according to the type and concentration of the other components contained in (b), but generally, the aqueous solution has a concentration of 5 to 20% by weight. Is preferred from the viewpoint of storage stability, handleability and the like.
[0020]
Furthermore, in the present invention, (b) includes those obtained by further adding amino group-containing PVA or an aqueous solution thereof to (a).
[0021]
Further, the aqueous emulsion of the present invention, if necessary, in order to adjust its drying property, setting property, viscosity, film forming property, etc., various organic solvents such as toluene, perchrene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, starch, Water-soluble polymers such as modified starch, oxidized starch, sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, maleic anhydride / isobutene copolymer, maleic anhydride / styrene copolymer, and maleic anhydride / methyl vinyl ether copolymer And urea / formalin resins, urea / melamine / folimarin resins, phenol / folimarin resins, and other thermosetting resins, as well as fillers such as clay, kaolin, talc, calcium carbonate, and wood flour; fillers such as flour; titanium oxide Such as pigments or their , Defoamers, dispersing agents, anti-freezing agents, preservatives, may also be contained various additives such as a rust inhibitor.
The aqueous emulsion of the present invention is used in various applications such as woodworking adhesives, paperworking adhesives, paints, and fiber treatment agents, taking advantage of its high water resistance.
[0022]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, “parts” and “%” mean on a weight basis unless otherwise specified. In addition, the water resistance, water resistance adhesive strength and viscosity stability of the obtained emulsion were evaluated in the following manner.
[0023]
(Evaluation of emulsion)
(1) Water resistance of the film The obtained aqueous emulsion was cast on PET at 20 ° C and 65% RH, and dried for 7 days to obtain a dry film of 500 µm. This film was punched out to a diameter of 2.5 cm, and the water absorption and elution rate of the film were determined when the film was immersed in water at 20 ° C. for 24 hours.
(2) Water-Resistant Adhesive Strength The obtained aqueous emulsion was applied to a hemlock material (straight grain) at 150 g / m 2 , and bonded together and pressed under a load of 7 kg / m 2 for 16 hours. Then, after decompressing and curing for 5 days at 20 ° C. and 65% RH, it was immersed in warm water of 60 ° C. for 3 hours, and the compressive shear strength was measured in a wet state.
(3) Viscosity stability (pot life)
When the emulsion was left at 5 ° C. and 50 ° C., a change in viscosity after 30 days was observed.
[0024]
Synthesis Example 1 [Synthesis of amino group-containing PVA [1]]
A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a nitrogen inlet tube and a thermometer was charged with 405 parts of vinyl acetate monomer, 11 parts of allyl glycidyl ether and 30 parts of methanol, and degassed by bubbling nitrogen gas for 15 minutes. Separately, an initiator solution was prepared by dissolving 4.5 parts of 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile in 15 parts of methanol, and nitrogen was replaced by bubbling with nitrogen gas. The temperature of the reactor was increased, and when the internal temperature reached 60 ° C., a separately prepared initiator solution was added to initiate polymerization. Polymerization was carried out at 60 ° C. for 4 hours, and the polymerization was stopped by cooling. The solid content at this time was 54.8%. Subsequently, unreacted vinyl acetate monomer was removed while occasionally adding methanol at 30 ° C. under reduced pressure to obtain a methanol solution of polyvinyl acetate copolymer (concentration: 44.5%). This copolymer was a polyvinyl acetate copolymer containing 2.1 mol% of allyl glycidyl ether units (epoxy groups) and having a viscosity average molecular weight of 80 × 10 3 .
Next, 100 parts of a methanol solution (concentration: 44.5%) of the epoxy group-containing polyvinyl acetate copolymer obtained above was placed in a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a nitrogen inlet tube, and a thermometer. Was measured and bubbled with nitrogen gas for 15 minutes, and then a solution prepared by dissolving 8.0 parts of 2-aminothiophenol and 0.03 part of sodium hydroxide in 48 parts of methanol was charged. After reacting at 50 ° C. for 2 hours while stirring, the mixture was cooled to 40 ° C. and saponified by adding 40 parts of a 10% methanol solution of sodium hydroxide. The mixture was allowed to stand at 40 ° C. for 5 hours, pulverized, neutralized by adding 8 parts of acetic acid, subjected to Soxhlet extraction with methanol for 48 hours, and then dried at 60 ° C. for 20 hours or more to obtain a modified polyvinyl alcohol. The modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-1) had 2.1 mol% of an aniline group introduced therein, had a vinyl alcohol content of 97.0 mol%, and had a degree of polymerization of 1,000.
[0025]
Example 1
100 parts of water was added to 5 parts of a primary amino group-containing PVA (polymerization degree: 1000, degree of saponification: 97.0%, primary amino group content: 2.1 mol%, PVA-1) in Synthesis Example 1; Heated and dissolved. The PVA aqueous solution was charged into a pressure-resistant autoclave, 100 parts of vinyl acetate was added, and after purging with nitrogen, ethylene was injected to 40 kg / cm 2. Next, the internal temperature was raised to 60 ° C., and a 1% aqueous solution of V-50 (a water-soluble azo-based polymerization initiator manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was sequentially added to carry out copolymerization. The copolymerization was completed in 3 hours, and a stable vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (Em-1) having a solid content of 53.0% and a viscosity of 1120 mPa · s was obtained. Using this, the above-mentioned (1) water resistance (2) water resistance adhesion (3) viscosity stability test of the film was performed. Table 1 shows the results.
[0026]
Example 2
In a 1-liter glass polymerization vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a thermometer, and a nitrogen inlet, 100 parts of ion-exchanged water, a primary amino group-containing PVA of Synthesis Example 1 (polymerization degree 1000, saponification degree 97.0%) , A primary amino group content of 2.1 mol%, and 5 parts of PVA-1) were charged and completely dissolved at 95 ° C. Next, the PVA aqueous solution was cooled, replaced with nitrogen, charged with 10 parts of vinyl acetate while stirring at 140 rpm, heated to 60 ° C., and then started to polymerize in the presence of a hydrogen peroxide / tartaric acid redox initiator system. did. After 15 minutes from the start of the polymerization, 90 parts of vinyl acetate was continuously added over 3 hours to complete the polymerization. A polyvinyl acetate emulsion (Em-2) having a solid content of 48.5% was obtained. 5 parts of dibutyl phthalate was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of this emulsion. Using this, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
Comparative Example 1
The same test as in Example 1 was performed using an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion (OM-4200 manufactured by Kuraray, solid content concentration 55%, Em-3). The results are shown in Table 1.
[0028]
Comparative Example 2
A polyvinyl acetate emulsion (Em-4) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that unmodified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-3) was used instead of the amino group-containing PVA (PVA-1) of Synthesis Example 1. The same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
Example 3
An aqueous emulsion obtained by adding 10 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of PVA-1 of Synthesis Example 1 to 100 parts of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion (OM-4200 manufactured by Kuraray, solid content concentration 55%, Em-3) Was prepared. Using this aqueous emulsion, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
Example 4
An aqueous emulsion obtained by adding 1 part of a 15% aqueous solution of PVA-1 of Synthesis Example 1 to 100 parts of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion (OM-4200 manufactured by Kuraray, solid content concentration 55%, Em-3) Was prepared. Using this aqueous emulsion, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0031]
Example 5
Aqueous emulsion obtained by adding 200 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of PVA-1 of Synthesis Example 1 to 100 parts of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion (OM-4200 manufactured by Kuraray, solid content concentration 55%, Em-3) Was prepared. Using this aqueous emulsion, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
Example 6
An aqueous emulsion was prepared by adding 10 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of PVA-1 of Synthesis Example 1 to 100 parts of the polyvinyl acetate emulsion (Em-4) of Comparative Example 2. Using this aqueous emulsion, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0033]
Example 7
In a 1-liter glass polymerization vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a thermometer, and a nitrogen inlet, 100 parts of ion-exchanged water, 3 parts of a nonionic surfactant (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical), and anionic surfactant 0.5 part of an agent (Sandet BL, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries) was charged and dissolved. Next, after nitrogen replacement, 1.3 parts of n-butyl acrylate and 1.3 parts of methyl methacrylate were charged while stirring at 140 rpm, and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C., and 2.5 parts of a 5% aqueous solution of ammonium persulfate was added. It was added to initiate polymerization. After 15 minutes from the start of the polymerization, a mixture of 50 parts of n-butyl acrylate and 50 parts of methyl methacrylate was continuously added over 2 hours to complete the polymerization. A poly (n-butyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate) emulsion (Em-5) having a solid content of 46.5% was obtained. An aqueous emulsion was prepared by adding 10 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of PVA-1 of Synthesis Example 1 to 100 parts by weight of this emulsion. Using this aqueous emulsion, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0034]
Comparative Example 3
10 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of unmodified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-3) per 100 parts of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion of Example 3 (OM-4200 manufactured by Kuraray, solid content concentration 55%, Em-3) Was added to prepare an aqueous emulsion. Using this aqueous emulsion, the same test as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003598431
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The aqueous emulsion of the present invention has excellent standing viscosity stability (pot life), and also has excellent water resistance and water resistant adhesive strength of the film, and is used for woodworking adhesives, plywood adhesives, paper processing agents, paints, and textile processing. It is widely and suitably used for preparations.

Claims (2)

エチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とし、エポキシ基を有する単量体と酢酸ビニルからなる重合体の側鎖のエポキシ基に、アミノ基を有するメルカプタンを付加反応させ、さらに鹸化して得た分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を0.1〜30モル%有するポリビニルアルコールを分散剤とする水性エマルジョン。A polymer consisting of one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers is used as a dispersoid, and a polymer consisting of a monomer having an epoxy group and vinyl acetate is used. A mercaptan having an amino group is added to the epoxy group of the side chain of the coalescence, and a saponification is performed. Polyvinyl alcohol having 0.1 to 30 mol% of a primary or secondary amino group in the molecule is used as a dispersant. Aqueous emulsion. エチレン性不飽和単量体及びジエン系単量体から選ばれる一種あるいは二種以上の不飽和単量体単位からなる重合体を分散質とする水性エマルジョンに、エポキシ基を有する単量体と酢酸ビニルからなる重合体の側鎖のエポキシ基に、アミノ基を有するメルカプタンを付加反応させ、さらに鹸化して得た分子内に一級または二級アミノ基を0.1〜30モル%有する変性ポリビニルアルコールを添加して得られる水性エマルジョン。An aqueous emulsion containing a polymer comprising one or more unsaturated monomer units selected from ethylenically unsaturated monomers and diene monomers as a dispersoid , a monomer having an epoxy group and acetic acid Modified polyvinyl alcohol having a primary or secondary amino group in a molecule obtained by subjecting an epoxy group in the side chain of a vinyl polymer to an addition reaction with a mercaptan having an amino group, and further saponifying the polymer with 0.1 to 30 mol% in the molecule. Aqueous emulsion obtained by adding
JP2300097A 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Aqueous emulsion Expired - Fee Related JP3598431B2 (en)

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