JP3595396B2 - Gastropod attractant detoxification bait - Google Patents

Gastropod attractant detoxification bait Download PDF

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JP3595396B2
JP3595396B2 JP29597595A JP29597595A JP3595396B2 JP 3595396 B2 JP3595396 B2 JP 3595396B2 JP 29597595 A JP29597595 A JP 29597595A JP 29597595 A JP29597595 A JP 29597595A JP 3595396 B2 JP3595396 B2 JP 3595396B2
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attractant
viscosity
slugs
poison bait
bait
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JPH09110603A (en
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弘 吉実
直樹 坂本
隆司 友井
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Fumakilla Ltd
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Fumakilla Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤に関し、さらに詳しくは、適度な粘度を有することでナメクジ等の腹足類の喫食性に優れた腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ナメクジ、ウスカワマイマイ、カタツムリ、ミヤイリ貝などの腹足類に対する従来の誘引防除剤としては、例えば、腹足類誘引防除化合物としてメタアルデヒドを用い、フスマ、米糠、小麦粉、雑穀粉、砂糖などの誘引食餌成分と混合、乾燥したものが特開昭56−127035号公報に開示されている。しかし、このような従来の防除剤では誘引効果が充分ではなかった。誘引効果を上げるために、他の誘引食餌成分を配合する種々の方法が提案されている。例えば、特開平3−184901号公報には誘引食餌成分として酵母や動物性食餌成分を配合させることが、また、特開平3−130203号公報には食餌を酵母で発酵させたものを用いることが開示されている。しかしながら、これら従来の腹足類誘引防除剤は、いずれもナメクジ等の誘引性の向上を狙いとしたものであり、喫食性向上を図ったものは見当らない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
腹足類は、農業及び園芸における害虫であって、その被害は野菜類の殆ど全ての種類、草花、洋ラン、観葉植物等広範囲にわたっている。特に温室やビニールハウスでは、環境的に腹足類の生息に好適な高温多湿で被害も大きくなってきている。
腹足類のなかでも、柄眼目(Stylommatophora :ナメクジ、マイマイの仲間)は、植物の新芽、新葉や花など、柔らかく、みずみずしい部分を好んで喫食する。喫食には歯舌を用い、表面を削るような食痕を残す。また、粘液状のものを分泌するため、植物の美観を著しく損ない、被害が甚大であった。
しかしながら、従来の誘引防除毒餌剤は、前記したようにナメクジ等の誘引性の向上には配慮されているものの、その喫食性について考慮したものは見当らない。
【0004】
すなわち、従来の誘引防除毒餌剤は、実際にナメクジ等の腹足類が喫食している植物とは異なり、乾燥した固い粒剤である。従って、ナメクジ等は誘引されるものの、その固さゆえに喫食量は多くなかった。腹足類に対して誘引防除毒餌剤により確実な致死効果を得るためには、ナメクジ等の腹足類が充分に毒餌剤を喫食することが重要である。
また、誘引防除毒餌剤を喫食したナメクジ等は、麻痺状態に陥り死に至るものもあるが、降雨などによって生息に適した湿潤な条件になると回復することがよくある。この原因としては、腹足類の誘引防除毒餌剤の喫食量が少ないこと、降雨によって毒餌剤が流亡することなどが考えられる。特にナメクジ等の活動が活発になる梅雨時期は、このような湿潤な条件が長期に続くことから、腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤による確実な致死効果は腹足類防除の上で重要な問題であり、また、環境条件の変化に拘らず、比較的長期間にわたって確実な致死効果を発揮できる腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤の開発が望まれてきた。
【0005】
従って、本発明の目的は、ナメクジ等腹足類の喫食性が高く、確実な致死効果を得ることができる腹足類の誘引防除毒餌剤を提供することにある。
さらに本発明の目的は、環境条件の変化に拘らず、長期間にわたって腹足類の喫食性を高く維持できると共に致死効果を発揮できる腹足類の誘引防除毒餌剤を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明によれば、誘引食餌成分及び腹足類誘引防除化合物としてのメタアルデヒドを含有する含水毒餌剤であって、脂肪族多価アルコールからなる蒸散抑制化合物が添加されて粘度が10万〜200万cPの範囲内に維持されていることを特徴とする腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤が提供される。
すなわち、本発明の腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤は、蒸散抑制化合物を添加することにより、環境条件の変化に拘らず毒餌剤の粘度が上記範囲内になるように維持するものである。このような蒸散抑制化合物としては、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、炭素数3〜12のポリエチレングリコール、ソルビトールなどの脂肪族多価アルコール、特にグリセリンを好適に用いることができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らは、ナメクジ等の腹足類の喫食性について鋭意研究の結果、使用時の毒餌剤の粘度が10万cPから200万cPの範囲内にある場合、ナメクジ等が好む柔らかくみずみずしい状態の粘度範囲にほぼ相当し、ナメクジ等の喫食性が高くなり、その結果、確実な致死効果が得られることを見い出した。
毒餌剤の粘度が10万cPより低くなると、流動性が生じ、耐水性が低下して降雨などによって毒餌剤が流亡する恐れがある。一方、200万cPよりも高くなると、柔軟性が乏しくなり、ナメクジ等の喫食性が低下する。また、製剤化の面においても、水分含量が少ないために製剤時の攪拌効果が悪くて製剤化し難くなると共に、毒餌剤の結合性が悪く、崩壊し易い性質になってしまい、降雨などによって流亡してナメクジ等が喫食する前になくなってしまう恐れがある。ナメクジ等の腹足類は雨の多い季節に活発になることから、降雨によって毒餌剤が流亡するようでは、ナメクジ等を誘引防除することは難しく、確実な防除効果が得られ難い。従って、高い喫食性を確保すると共に、降雨による流亡を防止するためには、毒餌剤の粘度範囲は、10万〜200万cPに調整する必要があり、好ましい粘度範囲は50万〜100万cPである。なお、粘度測定の基準温度としては20℃を採用し、その時の粘度を目安とすればよい。
【0008】
さらに本発明者らの研究によれば、水分の蒸発を抑えることができる保湿性の蒸散抑制化合物を添加することによって、環境条件の変化に拘らず、長期間にわたって毒餌剤の粘度を上記範囲内に維持できることを見い出した。
毒餌剤の粘度は、主にその含水量と関係している。つまり、含水量が多ければ粘度は小さく、一方、含水量が少なければ粘度は大きくなり固くなってしまう。メタアルデヒド等の腹足類誘引防除化合物と誘引食餌成分を主成分とする毒餌剤を上記範囲内の粘度となるようにその含水量を調節して製造した場合、最初はナメクジ等の腹足類が好む柔らかくみずみずしい粘度状態を保つものの、低湿度の外気に曝されると次第に水分が蒸散して粘度が高くなり、ひいては固くなってナメクジ等の喫食性の低下につながってしまう。
従って、毒餌剤の粘度を環境条件の変化に拘らず長期間にわたって前記範囲内に保つには、水分の蒸発を抑える必要があり、このことは水分の蒸発を抑える保湿性の蒸散抑制化合物を配合することで解決される。
【0009】
本発明に用いられる蒸散抑制化合物としては、例えばグリセリン、プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール(炭素数3〜12)、ソルビトールなどの脂肪族多価アルコールが挙げられるが、これらの中でも特にグリセリンが好ましい。
これらの蒸散抑制化合物は、単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができるが、その配合割合が10〜30重量%、好ましくは15〜25重量%となるように添加することが望ましい。10重量%よりも少ないと、充分な蒸散抑制効果が得られず、毒餌剤が乾燥し易くなる。一方、30重量%よりも多くなると、蒸散抑制化合物自体が持つ吸湿性によって毒餌剤の含水量が必要以上に大きくなり、前記した好ましい粘度が得られなくなってしまう。
【0010】
本発明の毒餌剤に含まれる腹足類誘引防除化合物としては、メタアルデヒド、塩化トリフェノール錫、酢酸トリフェノール錫、マクロテトロライド、2−メチル−4−メチルチオ−6−ニトロフェノール、イソシアヌル酸トリアリルエステル等、従来公知の種々の化合物を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができるが、これらの中でも特にメタアルデヒドが好ましい。その配合割合は、通常、1〜10重量%、好ましくは3〜8重量%である。1重量%よりも少ないと腹足類の確実な致死効果が得られ難くなり、一方、10重量%よりも多くなると、必要以上に加えることになり、経済的に好ましくない。
【0011】
誘引食餌成分としては、ポテト、フスマ、米糠、小麦粉等の穀粉、砂糖、ブドウ糖、水飴等の糖質、サナギ粉、オキアミ、魚粉、牛もしくは豚などの肉粉、それらのエキスパウダー等の動物性粉末、酵母など、従来公知の種々の食餌成分を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができ、これらの食餌成分は通常5重量%以上、一般に20〜60重量%の配合割合で用いられる。
【0012】
また、本発明の毒餌剤には、必要に応じて殺虫剤や防腐剤を配合することもできる。
殺虫剤としては、1−ナフチル−N−メチルカーバメイト(一般名:カルバリル)、O,O−ジエチル−O−(2−イソプロピル−6−メチルピリミジン−4−イル)ホスホロチオエート(一般名:ダイアジノン)、O,S−ジメチル−N−アセチルホスホロアミドチオエート(一般名:アセフェート)などが挙げられ、これらの殺虫剤を併用することで、腹足類の防除効果を向上させることができると共に、ダンゴムシ、ネキリムシ、コガネムシ幼虫等も併殺することができる。
上記殺虫剤の配合割合は、期待する防除効果の程度及び防除対象によって適宜選定すればよいが、通常10重量%以下の量で配合すれば充分である。
【0013】
また、前記防腐剤としては、ホウ酸、デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム、安息香酸、ソルビン酸及びその塩、パラオキシ安息香酸エステル類、プロピオン酸及びその塩などが用いられ、毒餌剤の保存期間並びに有効期間をさらに延長させることができる。
上記防腐剤の配合割合は、場所、期間等に関する保存条件及び適用条件によって適宜選定すればよいが、通常10重量%以下の量で配合すれば充分である。
【0014】
前記した各成分と必要に応じてデンプン、CMC、メチルセルロース等の賦形剤を加えた混合物に、更に水を加えてその粘度が前記範囲内となるように混合攪拌することで、結合性が良く、柔らかく、みずみずしい状態の本発明の腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤を製造することができる。
尚、加える水分量は使用する成分及びその配合割合によって変化し、毒餌剤の粘度が前記した範囲内となるような適当な量とすればよいが、通常5〜50重量%程度が適当である。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び各種試験例を示して本発明について具体的に説明するが、本発明が下記実施例及び試験例に限定されるものでないことはもとよりである。
【0016】
試験例1に用いる供試餌として、表1に示すような粘度の異なる6種の試料(No.1〜6)を調製した。尚、各餌は、下記基本処方1を基にして、表1に示すように水分量を増減させることで粘度の調整を行ったものである。
基本処方1:
マッシュポテト23g、米糠15g、グリセリン20g、糖蜜8g、ホウ酸5g、水23gを混合攪拌する。
【0017】
試験例1(粘度と喫食量の関係)
野外よりナメクジを採集し、用意した6個のガラス製シャーレ(直径11.5cm、高さ2.6cm)にそれぞれ5頭ずつ入れ、また上記各試料No.1〜6の餌5gを入れ、24℃、暗所条件下で24時間放置した。その後、ナメクジを取り出し、シャーレ内壁及び餌に付いている糞の数で喫食量を比較した。尚、試験時に得られた糞の中に野外で摂食した食物によるものが混入することを避けるため、採集したナメクジは供試する前に、濡らしたティッシュペーパーのみを入れたガラス製シャーレ内に一晩入れてしばらく放置した。ナメクジがティッシュペーパーを摂食すると白色の糞が排出されるので、これを目安にした。
【0018】
各餌の粘度及び上記試験例1の結果を表1に併せて示す。
【表1】

Figure 0003595396
表1に示す結果から、餌の粘度が200万cPを超えて大きくなると、ナメクジの喫食量が大幅に低下していることが分かる。また、製剤化においても、水分含量が少ないために餌の結合性が悪く、崩壊し易い性質になってしまった。一方、粘度が10万cPを下回る場合には、喫食量の減少は少ないが、餌に流動性が生じることで耐水性が低下し、実際に屋外で使用する場合、雨などによって流亡する恐れがあり実用的でなかった。
なお、毒餌剤に配合する成分の種類、配合割合等によって適切な粘度を得るために必要な水分量は変わってくるが、上記基本処方1の場合には10〜40重量%の水分量が適当であった。
【0019】
試験例2に用いる供試毒餌剤として、表2に示すようなグリセリン含量の異なる5種の試料を調製した。尚、各毒餌剤は、下記基本処方2を基にして、表2に示すようにグリセリン含量を増減させたものである。
基本処方2:
メタアルデヒド6g、マッシュポテト23g、米糠15g、グリセリン20g、糖蜜8g、ホウ酸5g、水23gを混合攪拌する。
【0020】
試験例2(蒸散抑制化合物の配合量と粘度の関係)
各試料の調製後の粘度と1週間保存した後の粘度を測定した。保存条件は(a)25℃、相対湿度70%、(b)25℃、相対湿度95%の2つで行った。これらの条件は梅雨時期の晴れた日と雨の日を参考にして設定した。
本試験の結果を表2及び3に示す。
【表2】
Figure 0003595396
【0021】
【表3】
Figure 0003595396
【0022】
上記保存条件(a)下での結果を示す表2から明らかなように、グリセリン含量が10重量%を下回ると(試料No.7)、水分の蒸散に伴う粘度の著しい増加が見られた。
また、保存条件(b)下での結果を示す表3から明らかなように、グリセリン含量が30重量%を上回ると(試料No.11)、毒餌剤が水分を吸収し過ぎて流動性が生じ、粘度の著しい低下が見られた。
以上の結果から、湿度の変化に拘らず常に最適な粘度を維持するためには、グリセリンの配合量は10〜30重量%の範囲内にすれば良いことが分かる。
【0023】
実施例1
メタアルデヒド6重量部、マッシュポテト23重量部、米糠15重量部、グリセリン20重量部、糖蜜8重量部、ホウ酸5重量部、水23重量部を混合攪拌し、腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤を得た。
【0024】
試験例3(高湿度条件下での防除効果)
34×25cmの2つのバット(容器)に適度に湿らせたバーミキュライトをそれぞれ入れ、各容器の内側側面には逃亡防止のためにナメクジが嫌う銅板を約10cmの幅で貼った。野外で採集したナメクジ10頭と、上記実施例1の毒餌剤又は比較剤として市販の誘引防除剤(実施例1の毒餌剤と同じくメタアルデヒド6%を有効成分とするもの)であるナメトックス(タケダ園芸社製)を2gずつ前記容器にそれぞれ入れ、暗所、25℃、相対湿度95%の恒温高湿度条件下に放置し、1週間後まで毎日観察を行った。
【0025】
上記試験例3の結果を表4に示す。
【表4】
Figure 0003595396
表4から分かるように、市販の乾燥した毒餌剤を用いても当初はナメクジの麻痺状態が観察された。しかしながら、市販の毒餌剤の場合、ナメクジの喫食量が少ないために、試験例3で設定されたナメクジの生活に最適な高湿度条件下においては、多くのナメクジが徐々に回復した。一方、実施例1の毒餌剤を用いた場合には、ナメクジの喫食量が多く、高い致死効果が認められた。
【0026】
試験例4(圃場試験)
実施例1の毒餌剤と、比較剤として市販の誘引防除剤(メタアルデヒドを有効成分とするもの)であるナメトックス又はナメキール(日本農薬社製)をそれぞれ2gずつ別々の容器(直径5cm、高さ1cmのカップ)に入れ、互いに30cmずつ離して草地に設置して試験した。試験は別々に2回繰り返して行い、それぞれの毒餌剤を喫食して死亡したナメクジの数を数えた。
本試験の結果を表5に示す。
【表5】
Figure 0003595396
表5から明らかなように、圃場試験においても、喫食量が多い本発明の毒餌剤は高い防除効果を示した。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明の腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤は、粘度を10万〜200万cPとしてナメクジやカタツムリなどの腹足類が好む柔らかさとしたため、高い喫食性を示し、確実な致死効果を発揮する。また、蒸散抑制化合物を添加することにより、毒餌剤の粘度を環境条件の変化に拘らず長期間にわたって上記範囲内に維持することができるため、腹足類の高い致死効果を長期間にわたって発揮させることができる。しかも、製剤化の面でも容易に混練でき、結合性が良いという利点があり、崩壊してしまったり、雨などによって流亡してしまうようなことがない。従って、ナメクジの活動が活発になる梅雨時期の高湿度条件下においても長期的にその防除効果を発揮できる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gastropod attracting and controlling detoxifying bait, and more particularly to a gastropod attracting and controlling detoxifying bait which has an appropriate viscosity and is thus excellent in eating of gastropods such as slugs.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional attractant controlling agent for gastropods such as slugs, snails, snails and oyster shellfish, for example, using metaldehyde as a gastropod attracting control compound, bran, rice bran, flour, millet flour, sugar and other inducing dietary ingredients A mixed and dried product is disclosed in JP-A-56-127535. However, such conventional control agents did not have sufficient attraction effects. Various methods have been proposed for blending other attractant diet ingredients to enhance the attractant effect. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 3-184901 discloses that a yeast or animal diet component is blended as an inducing dietary component, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 3-130203 discloses that a diet obtained by fermenting a diet with yeast is used. It has been disclosed. However, these conventional gastropod attractants are aimed at improving the attraction of slugs and the like, and none of them are intended to improve the eating ability.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Gastropods are pests in agriculture and horticulture, and their damage is widespread, including almost all kinds of vegetables, flowers, orchids, and houseplants. In particular, in greenhouses and greenhouses, the damage is increasing due to high temperature and high humidity, which is environmentally suitable for gastropods.
Among gastropods, Stylommatophora: a member of slugs and snails, likes to eat soft and fresh parts such as new shoots, new leaves and flowers of plants. It uses a tongue for eating and leaves a scar that scratches the surface. In addition, since the mucus is secreted, the beauty of the plant is significantly impaired, and the damage is severe.
However, although the conventional attractant-control poison bait is considered to improve the attraction of slugs and the like as described above, there is no one that considers its eating ability.
[0004]
That is, the conventional attractant-control poison bait is a dry hard granule, unlike plants that are actually consumed by gastropods such as slugs. Therefore, although slugs and the like were attracted, their eating amount was not large because of their hardness. It is important for gastropods such as slugs to fully eat the poison bait in order to obtain a certain lethal effect on the gastropod by the attractant-control poison bait.
In addition, slugs and the like that have eaten the attractant-control poisoning bait may become paralyzed and die, but often recover when they become wet and suitable for habitation due to rainfall or the like. This may be caused by a low consumption of the gastropod attractant-control poison bait, or the poison bait running off by rainfall. Particularly in the rainy season when the activities of slugs and the like are active, since such moist conditions continue for a long period of time, the reliable lethal effect of the gastropod attracting and controlling poison bait is an important problem in controlling gastropods, It has been desired to develop a gastropod attractant-controlling poison bait capable of exerting a certain lethal effect over a relatively long period regardless of changes in environmental conditions.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gastropod attractant and detoxifying bait which is highly edible by gastropods such as slugs and can surely obtain a lethal effect.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a gastropod attractant and detoxifying bait capable of maintaining a high gastropod eating ability for a long period of time and exhibiting a lethal effect regardless of changes in environmental conditions.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a water-containing poison bait containing a methaldehyde as an attractant dietary component and a gastropod attractant controlling compound, and a transpiration inhibitory compound comprising an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol is added to increase the viscosity. Is maintained in the range of 100,000 to 2,000,000 cP.
That is, gastropods attraction control poison Esazai of the present invention, by adding a transpiration inhibiting compounds, viscosity regardless poison bait to changing environmental conditions is to maintain to be in the above range. As such a transpiration-suppressing compound, aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and sorbitol, particularly glycerin can be suitably used.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the eating performance of gastropods such as slugs. As a result, when the viscosity of the poison bait during use is in the range of 100,000 cP to 2,000,000 cP, the viscosity of the soft and fresh state preferred by slugs and the like It is almost equivalent to the range, and it has been found that the eating ability of slugs and the like increases, and as a result, a certain lethal effect can be obtained.
If the viscosity of the poison bait is lower than 100,000 cP, fluidity is generated, the water resistance is reduced, and the poison bait may run off due to rainfall or the like. On the other hand, if it is higher than 2,000,000 cP, the flexibility becomes poor, and the eating ability of slugs and the like decreases. In addition, in terms of formulation, since the water content is low, the stirring effect at the time of formulation is poor, making it difficult to formulate.At the same time, the poison bait has poor binding properties and tends to disintegrate. The slugs may disappear before eating. Since gastropods such as slugs are active in a rainy season, it is difficult to attract and control slugs and the like, and it is difficult to obtain a reliable control effect if poison baits run off due to rainfall. Therefore, in order to ensure high eating ability and to prevent runoff due to rainfall, the viscosity range of the poison bait needs to be adjusted to 100,000 to 2,000,000 cP, and the preferable viscosity range is 500,000 to 1,000,000 cP. It is. Note that 20 ° C. may be adopted as a reference temperature for viscosity measurement, and the viscosity at that time may be used as a guide.
[0008]
Furthermore, according to the study of the present inventors, the viscosity of the poison bait is kept within the above range for a long period of time irrespective of changes in environmental conditions, by adding a moisturizing anti-transpiration compound capable of suppressing the evaporation of water. Found that it can be maintained.
The viscosity of a bait is primarily related to its water content. That is, if the water content is large, the viscosity is small, while if the water content is small, the viscosity is large and the solidity is high. When a poison bait mainly composed of a gastropod attractant controlling compound such as methaldehyde and an attractant bait component is produced by adjusting its water content so as to have a viscosity within the above range, the soft and fresh taste of gastropods such as slugs is preferred at first. Although the viscosity is maintained, the moisture gradually evaporates when exposed to the low-humidity outside air, and the viscosity becomes high, and eventually becomes hard, which leads to a decrease in the edibility of slugs and the like.
Therefore, in order to maintain the viscosity of the poison bait within the above range for a long period of time irrespective of changes in environmental conditions, it is necessary to suppress the evaporation of water. It is solved by doing.
[0009]
Examples of the antitranspiration compound used in the present invention include aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (3 to 12 carbon atoms), and sorbitol. Glycerin is particularly preferred.
These transpiration control compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more, but it is desirable to add them so that the compounding ratio is 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight. If the amount is less than 10% by weight, a sufficient transpiration suppression effect cannot be obtained, and the poison bait tends to dry. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30% by weight, the moisture content of the poison bait becomes unnecessarily large due to the hygroscopicity of the transpiration-suppressing compound itself, and the above-mentioned desirable viscosity cannot be obtained.
[0010]
Examples of the gastropod attractant control compound contained in the poison bait of the present invention include methaldehyde, triphenoltin chloride, triphenoltin acetate, macrotetrolide, 2-methyl-4-methylthio-6-nitrophenol, triallyl isocyanurate For example, various conventionally known compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, methaldehyde is particularly preferable. The compounding ratio is usually 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 8% by weight. If it is less than 1% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a reliable lethal effect on gastropods, while if it is more than 10% by weight, it is added unnecessarily, which is not economically preferable.
[0011]
Inducing dietary ingredients include potato, bran, rice bran, flour such as flour, sugars such as sugar, glucose, starch syrup, meat powder such as pupa flour, krill, fish meal, cow or pig, and animal powder such as their extract powders Various known dietary components such as yeast and yeast can be used alone or in combination of two or more. These dietary components are usually used in a blending ratio of 5% by weight or more, generally 20 to 60% by weight.
[0012]
Further, the poison bait of the present invention may contain an insecticide or a preservative, if necessary.
Examples of the insecticide include 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate (general name: carbaryl), O, O-diethyl-O- (2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl) phosphorothioate (generic name: diazinon), O, S-dimethyl-N-acetylphosphoramidothioate (generic name: acephate) and the like. By using these insecticides in combination, the control effect of gastropods can be improved, and at the same time, duck beetles and black beetles And also beetle larvae.
The mixing ratio of the insecticide may be appropriately selected depending on the expected degree of control effect and the target of control, but it is usually sufficient to mix it in an amount of 10% by weight or less.
[0013]
Further, as the preservative, boric acid, sodium dehydroacetate, benzoic acid, sorbic acid and its salts, p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, propionic acid and its salts, and the like are used, and the storage period and the effective period of the poison bait are further increased. Can be extended.
The blending ratio of the preservative may be appropriately selected depending on storage conditions and application conditions relating to place, period, etc., but it is usually sufficient to blend the preservative in an amount of 10% by weight or less.
[0014]
The above components and, if necessary, starch, CMC, a mixture obtained by adding excipients such as methylcellulose, water is further added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred so that the viscosity is within the above range. It is possible to produce the gastropod attractant-controlling poison bait of the present invention in a soft and fresh state.
The amount of water to be added varies depending on the components used and the compounding ratio thereof, and may be an appropriate amount such that the viscosity of the poison bait falls within the above-mentioned range, but usually about 5 to 50% by weight is appropriate. .
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples and various test examples, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the following examples and test examples.
[0016]
Six kinds of samples (Nos. 1 to 6) having different viscosities as shown in Table 1 were prepared as test feeds used in Test Example 1. In addition, as for each bait, the viscosity was adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of water as shown in Table 1 based on the following basic prescription 1.
Basic prescription 1:
23 g of mashed potato, 15 g of rice bran, 20 g of glycerin, 8 g of molasses, 5 g of boric acid, and 23 g of water are mixed and stirred.
[0017]
Test Example 1 (Relationship between viscosity and food consumption)
Slugs were collected from the field, and five slugs were placed in each of six prepared glass Petri dishes (11.5 cm in diameter and 2.6 cm in height). 5 g of the foods Nos. 1 to 6 were put, and left at 24 ° C. in a dark place for 24 hours. Thereafter, the slugs were taken out, and the amount of eating was compared by the number of feces on the inner wall of the petri dish and the food. Before the test, the collected slugs should be placed in a glass Petri dish containing only wet tissue paper in order to avoid contamination of foods consumed in the field with the feces obtained during the test. Put it overnight and let it sit for a while. White sludge was discharged when slugs consumed tissue paper, which was used as a guide.
[0018]
Table 1 also shows the viscosity of each bait and the results of Test Example 1 described above.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003595396
From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that when the viscosity of the feed exceeds 2,000,000 cP, the consumption of slugs is significantly reduced. Also, in the formulation, because of the low water content, the binding of the bait was poor and the food was easily disintegrated. On the other hand, when the viscosity is less than 100,000 cP, the amount of eating is little reduced, but the fluidity of the food causes the water resistance to decrease, and when actually used outdoors, there is a risk of running off due to rain or the like. There was not practical.
The amount of water required to obtain an appropriate viscosity varies depending on the type and proportion of the components to be mixed into the poison bait, but in the case of the above-mentioned basic prescription 1, a water amount of 10 to 40% by weight is appropriate. Met.
[0019]
As test poison baits used in Test Example 2, five kinds of samples having different glycerin contents as shown in Table 2 were prepared. In addition, each poison bait was prepared by increasing or decreasing the glycerin content as shown in Table 2 based on the following Basic Formulation 2.
Basic prescription 2:
6 g of metaldehyde, 23 g of mashed potato, 15 g of rice bran, 20 g of glycerin, 8 g of molasses, 5 g of boric acid, and 23 g of water are mixed and stirred.
[0020]
Test Example 2 (Relationship between blending amount of transpiration-suppressing compound and viscosity)
The viscosity after preparation of each sample and the viscosity after storage for one week were measured. The preservation was performed under two conditions of (a) 25 ° C. and 70% relative humidity, and (b) 25 ° C. and 95% relative humidity. These conditions were set with reference to sunny days and rainy days in the rainy season.
Tables 2 and 3 show the results of this test.
[Table 2]
Figure 0003595396
[0021]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003595396
[0022]
As is evident from Table 2 showing the results under the storage conditions (a), when the glycerin content was less than 10% by weight (Sample No. 7), a remarkable increase in the viscosity accompanying the evaporation of water was observed.
In addition, as is clear from Table 3 showing the results under the storage condition (b), when the glycerin content exceeds 30% by weight (Sample No. 11), the poison bait absorbs too much water and fluidity occurs. And a remarkable decrease in viscosity was observed.
From the above results, it can be seen that the amount of glycerin should be within the range of 10 to 30% by weight in order to always maintain the optimum viscosity regardless of the change in humidity.
[0023]
Example 1
6 parts by weight of methaldehyde, 23 parts by weight of mashed potato, 15 parts by weight of rice bran, 20 parts by weight of glycerin, 8 parts by weight of molasses, 5 parts by weight of boric acid, and 23 parts by weight of water were mixed and stirred to obtain a gastropod attractant-repellent poison.
[0024]
Test example 3 (control effect under high humidity conditions)
Vermiculite appropriately moistened was put into two 34 × 25 cm bats (containers), and a copper plate which slugs dislike was adhered to the inner side surface of each container with a width of about 10 cm to prevent escape. Ten slugs collected in the field and nametox (Takeda), which is a poison bait of Example 1 or a commercial attractant control agent (comparative agent containing 6% of methaaldehyde as the poison bait of Example 1) 2 g each (made by Horticultural Co., Ltd.) was placed in the container, and the container was left in a dark place at 25 ° C. and a constant humidity of 95% under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and observed daily until one week later.
[0025]
Table 4 shows the results of Test Example 3 described above.
[Table 4]
Figure 0003595396
As can be seen from Table 4, paralyzed slugs were initially observed even with the commercially available dry poison bait. However, in the case of commercially available poison baits, the amount of slugs consumed was small, so that many slugs gradually recovered under the high humidity conditions set in Test Example 3 and suitable for the life of slugs. On the other hand, when the poison bait of Example 1 was used, the amount of slugs consumed was large, and a high lethal effect was recognized.
[0026]
Test example 4 (field test)
Separate containers (diameter: 5 cm, height: 2 g each) of the poison bait of Example 1 and Nametox or Namekiel (manufactured by Nippon Agrochemical Co., Ltd.), which are commercial attractant control agents (containing metaaldehyde as an active ingredient), are used as comparative agents. (1 cm cup), placed on a grassland 30 cm apart from each other, and tested. The test was repeated twice separately, and the number of slugs that died after eating each poison bait was counted.
Table 5 shows the results of this test.
[Table 5]
Figure 0003595396
As is clear from Table 5, even in the field test, the poison bait of the present invention having a large amount of eating showed a high control effect.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the gastropod attractant-controlling poison bait of the present invention has a viscosity of 100,000 to 2,000,000 cP and is made soft by gastropods such as slugs and snails. In addition, by adding the antitranspiration compound, the viscosity of the poison bait can be maintained in the above range for a long period of time regardless of changes in environmental conditions, so that a high lethal effect of gastropods can be exhibited over a long period of time. it can. In addition, it can be easily kneaded in terms of formulation and has the advantage of good binding properties, and does not collapse or run off due to rain or the like. Therefore, even under the high humidity conditions during the rainy season when the activities of the slugs are active, the control effect can be exhibited for a long time.

Claims (3)

誘引食餌成分及び腹足類誘引防除化合物としてのメタアルデヒドを含有する含水毒餌剤であって、脂肪族多価アルコールからなる蒸散抑制化合物が添加されて粘度が10万〜200万cPの範囲内に維持されていることを特徴とする腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤。A water-containing poison bait containing methaaldehyde as an attractant diet component and a gastropod attractant controlling compound, wherein a transpiration suppressing compound comprising an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol is added to maintain the viscosity in the range of 100,000 to 2,000,000 cP. gastropods attraction control poison bait, characterized in that is. 蒸散抑制化合物として、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、炭素数3〜12のポリエチレングリコール及びソルビトールからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の脂肪族多価アルコールを含有することを特徴とする請求項に記載の腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤。It is characterized by containing at least one kind of aliphatic polyhydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol having 3 to 12 carbon atoms and sorbitol as a transpiration suppressing compound. The gastropod attractant detoxifying bait according to claim 1 . 蒸散抑制化合物としてグリセリンを10〜30重量%含有することを特徴とする請求項に記載の腹足類誘引防除毒餌剤。Gastropods attraction control poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 10 to 30 wt% glycerin as transpiration inhibiting compound.
JP29597595A 1995-10-20 1995-10-20 Gastropod attractant detoxification bait Expired - Fee Related JP3595396B2 (en)

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US20060045898A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Lloyd Jeffrey D Weather resistant granular slug, snail and insect bait
JP4780977B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2011-09-28 大阪化成株式会社 Gastropod control agent
JP4976007B2 (en) * 2005-12-16 2012-07-18 住化エンビロサイエンス株式会社 Poisonous bait for pest control
NL1033726C2 (en) * 2007-04-20 2008-10-21 Cooeperatie Horticoop U A Plant protection system for e.g. Cymbidium flowers, uses Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita nematodes loaded onto cooked potato carrier to protect against slugs
EP1992226A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-19 Bayer CropScience Aktiengesellschaft Snail bait
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JP2011101613A (en) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-26 Dainippon Jochugiku Co Ltd Flying insect pest trap
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