JP3593384B2 - Stabilization of chemiluminescence analysis reagents - Google Patents

Stabilization of chemiluminescence analysis reagents Download PDF

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JP3593384B2
JP3593384B2 JP17812295A JP17812295A JP3593384B2 JP 3593384 B2 JP3593384 B2 JP 3593384B2 JP 17812295 A JP17812295 A JP 17812295A JP 17812295 A JP17812295 A JP 17812295A JP 3593384 B2 JP3593384 B2 JP 3593384B2
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Prior art keywords
reagent
dihydro
luminol
compound
phthaladion
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JPH095241A (en
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渡辺  誠
典緒 柴田
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Eiken Chemical Co Ltd
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Eiken Chemical Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、化学発光分析試薬の安定化試薬および方法に関るものである。更に詳しくは安定化した2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物試薬および2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物試薬の安定化技術に関るものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、化学発光を測定系とする全自動分析装置ならびに分析用試薬が、いくつか開発され、臨床検査室で容易に化学発光測定を利用する環境が整いつつある。これらの測定系に用いられる代表的な化学発光物質は、5−アミノ−2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン(ルミノール)、6−アミノ−2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン(イソルミノール)等の2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物、ジオキセタンおよびアクリジニウムエステル等が知られている。ルミノール、イソルミノールは、主としてペルオキシダーゼ(POD)を標識とした競合法またはサンドウィッチ法のEIAで用いられる。ジオキセタンは、アルカリフォスファターゼを標識としたEIAで、アクリジニウム化合物は、それ自体を標識とした化学発光法で用いられている。
【0003】
ルミノールおよびイソルミノールは、容易かつ比較的安価に入手可能な原料であり、フェノール化合物等の増感物質によって十分な発光強度が得られる。一般的な測定は、抗体または抗原を結合した固相と検体およびPOD標識抗体または抗原とを反応させ、サンドウィッチ型の結合物を形成させる。続いて過剰のPOD標識抗体または抗原を洗浄により除いた後、過酸化水素水および増感物質を含むルミノールまたはイソルミノール溶液を加えて、放出される光の量を測定することからなる。
【発明が解決しようとする問題点】
【0004】
2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物は溶解直後の非特異発光が高いため、化学発光分析には、1週間程度エイジングした溶解試薬を使用しなければならない。ところが長期保存した溶液を用いると、保存状態が低温(4℃)であっても、発光強度が次第に低下してしまう欠点があった。発光強度の低下はS/N比の低下につながる。
【問題点を解決するための手段】
【0005】
本発明の課題は、2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物による発光試薬を溶液状態で安定化する技術を提供する事にある。そしてその課題は、2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物含有発光試薬に無機アジドを0.01〜0.1%の範囲で添加することによって解決される。この濃度範囲以上の無機アジドの添加は、反応中にPOD活性を阻害して発光強度の低下をもたらすおそれが生じる。一方、この濃度範囲以下の無機アジド添加は、測定中の発光強度を安定化する作用が期待できるものの(特開平6−34630)、長期保存した2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物溶液の安定化には寄与しない場合がある。
【0006】
無機アジドとしては、アジ化ナトリウム、アジ化カリウム等のアルカリ金属アジドおよびアジ化バリウム等のアルカリ土類金属アジドが使用されるが、特に好ましいのは、アジ化ナトリウムである。アジ化ナトリウムは広く一般に防腐剤として用いられているが、本発明の安定化効果は、雑菌汚染を防止することによって達せられたものではない。
【0007】
溶液組成物の安定化技術として、しばしば特定の緩衝液およびpHの効果が取り上げられているが、本発明の2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物溶液の安定化技術においては、緩衝液の種類は特に問わない。りん酸緩衝液、ほう酸緩衝液、くえん酸緩衝液、トリス緩衝液、グッド緩衝液など通常用いられる緩衝液から1種またはこれらの2種を組合わせたものから適宜選べばよい。緩衝液のpHは5〜10の範囲内に調整されていれば、安定化効果は変わらない。pH3以下の酸性条件ではアジ化ナトリウムが分解されるので、安定化効果は得られない。
【0008】
2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物発光試薬中の2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物濃度は特に限定されるものではなく、試薬構成の量的比に合わせて任意に選べばよい。全自動化学発光分析機AL−1000(栄研化学販売)用試薬では、洗浄した固相ビーズにPOD基質である過酸化水素水とルミノール発光試薬をそれぞれ100μl分注するシステムであり、このシステムに適合する発光試薬の適当なルミノール濃度は0.001〜10mMであり、好ましくは0.01〜1mMである。
化学発光エンハンサ−は、試薬構成上ならびに測定操作の簡便化のため、2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物発光試薬に共存させる方が望ましい。フェノール系エンハンサーとしては、4−ヨードフェノール、4−フェニルフェノール、2−クロロ−4−フェニルフェノールが特に有効とされるが(特公平3−5539)、これらのエンハンサーはいずれも、0.01〜10mMの濃度範囲で2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物と同一溶液中に共存させることができる。
【0009】
以下に実施例を述べる。
【実施例1】
CEA測定による無機アジド含有ルミノ−ル試薬の安定化効果
無機アジド無添加ルミノ−ル試薬と無機アジド添加ルミノ−ル試薬をそれぞれ4℃、37℃に2週間および1カ月間保存し、ルミスポットCEA(栄研化学製・登録商標)の指示書に記載されたプロトコ−ルにしたがって、全自動化学発光酵素免疫測定装置AL−1000により免疫反応を実施した。CEAの酵素免疫反応後のペルオキシダ−ゼ活性を各種ルミノ−ル試薬により測定し、発光強度を比較した。
【0010】
1−(a)固相化抗体
市販の抗CEAウサギポリクロ−ナル抗体(DAKO製)をPBSで希釈して1μg/mlとした抗体溶液中にポリスチレンビ−ズ(直径1/4インチ,積水化学工業製)を浸漬し4℃で一晩放置した。放置後生理食塩水で洗浄し、0.3%BSA含有PBSに室温3時間浸漬して固相化抗体を得た。
【0011】
1−(b)POD標識抗体
市販の抗CEAモノクロ−ナル抗体(DAKO製)を石川らの方法(特願昭57−33662等)によりPOD(東洋紡績社製,西洋ワサビ由来)と結合させ、POD標識抗体を作製した。これをセファデックスG−200を用いて分画精製し、2%BSAを含むPBSで250倍に希釈して使用した。
【0012】
1−(c)発光試薬1、2
30%過酸化水素水(和光純薬工業製)0.3mlを0.1M、pH8.0のりん酸緩衝液1000mlに溶解し、過酸化水素試薬とした。
ルミノール(東京化成製)225mgおよびp−ヨードフェノール(和光純薬工業製)11mgを0.1M、pH8.0のりん酸緩衝液1000mlに溶解し、一部はそのままルミノール試薬Aとし、一部はさらにアジ化ナトリウム(和光純薬工業製)を0.025%となるように加えルミノール試薬Bとした。
【0013】
1−(C)免疫学的測定法
試料として市販精製CEA(SCRIPPS社)を用いこれを0.2%BSA加PBSで使用濃度に希釈して免疫反応に供した。
測定は全自動化学発光酵素免疫測定装置AL−1000にて行った。プロトコ−ルは次の通りである。
各免疫反応用チュ−ブにあらかじめ抗体不溶化固相を1コづつ入れておき、その中に被検試料60μlと希釈液200μlを添加し、37℃約7分反応させた。
反応後溶液を吸引除去して、ビ−ズをPBSで洗浄し、POD標識抗体40μlおよび希釈液170μlを加え37℃,約7分反応させた。
反応後溶液を除去し、ビ−ズを洗浄した後、前記の過酸化水素試薬、100μlおよびルミノール試薬A、100μlまたはルミノール試薬B、100μlを加え、発光強度(3秒間の積算値)を測定した。
【0014】
結果を表1に示す。表中の数値は、検体が精製CEAの場合は発光の計測値を、また検体が血清の場合はCEA濃度(ng/ml)を示す。測定値の右に示される%値は、調製時の試薬による測定値に対する比率である。
低濃度の精製CEAにおいて、アジ化ナトリウムの顕著な効果が認められた。血清測定値はそれぞれの試薬でキャリブレーションを行った後の測定のため、アジ化ナトリウム添加効果は小さくなるが、測定値の正確性は明らかに無添加試薬より良好との結果が得られた。
【0015】
【表1】

Figure 0003593384
【0016】
【実施例2】
AFP測定による無機アジド含有ルミノ−ル試薬の安定化効果
前記発光試薬2−Aと発光試薬2−Bをそれぞれ4℃、37℃に2週間および1カ月間保存し、ルミスポットAFP(栄研化学製・登録商標)の指示書に記載されたプロトコ−ルにしたがって、全自動化学発光酵素免疫測定装置AL−1000により免疫反応を実施した。AFPの酵素免疫反応後のペルオキシダ−ゼ活性を各種ルミノ−ル試薬により測定し、残存発光強度を比較した。
【0017】
2−(a)固相化抗体
市販の抗AFPウサギポリクロ−ナル抗体(UCB社製)をPBSで希釈して1μg/mlとした抗体溶液中にポリスチレンビ−ズ(直径1/4インチ,積水化学工業製)を浸漬し4℃で一晩放置した。放置後、生理食塩水で洗浄し0.3%BSA含有PBSに室温3時間浸漬して固相化抗体を得た。
【0018】
2−(b)POD標識抗体
市販の抗AFPモノクロ−ナル抗体(ザイメット社製)を石川らの方法(特願昭57−33662等)によりPOD(東洋紡績社製,西洋ワサビ由来)と結合させ、POD標識抗体を作製した。これをセファデックスG−200を用いて分画精製し、2%BSAを含むPBSで1000倍に希釈して使用した。
【0019】
2−(c)免疫学的測定法
試料として市販AFP標準(日本バイオテスト研究所製)を用いこれを0.2%BSA加PBSで使用濃度に希釈して免疫反応に供した。
測定は全自動化学発光酵素免疫測定装置AL−1000(栄研化学)にて行った。プロトコ−ルは次の通りである。
各免疫反応用チュ−ブにあらかじめ抗体不溶化固相を1コづつ入れておき、その中に被検試料20μlと希釈液250μlを添加し、37℃約7分反応させた反応後溶液を吸引除去して、ビ−ズをPBSで洗浄し、POD標識抗体40μlおよび希釈液170μlを加え37℃、約7分反応させた。
反応後溶液を除去し、ビ−ズを洗浄した後下記の各化学発光試薬を200μl加え、発光強度(3秒間の積算値)を測定した。
【0020】
結果を表2に示す。表中の数値は、検体がAFP標準品の場合は発光の計測値を、また検体が血清の場合はAFP濃度(ng/ml)を示す。測定値の右に示される%値は、調製時の試薬による測定値に対する比率である。AFPにおいてもCEAと同様に、アジ化ナトリウムを添加したルミノール試薬の安定性は顕著に向上している。
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0003593384
【発明の効果】
本発明により、2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物試薬の保存安定性が向上し、全自動化学発光酵素免疫測定装置への適用が容易となる。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a reagent and a method for stabilizing a chemiluminescence analysis reagent. More specifically, the present invention relates to a stabilized 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladione compound reagent and a technique for stabilizing a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladione compound reagent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, several fully automatic analyzers and analysis reagents using chemiluminescence as a measurement system have been developed, and an environment for easily utilizing chemiluminescence measurement in a clinical laboratory has been set up. Representative chemiluminescent substances used in these measurement systems are 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion (luminol) and 6-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion (isoluminol). 2,3-Dihydro-1,4 phthaladione compound, dioxetane and acridinium ester. Luminol and isoluminol are mainly used in the competitive method or the sandwich method EIA labeled with peroxidase (POD). Dioxetane is an EIA labeled with alkaline phosphatase, and acridinium compounds are used in a chemiluminescent method using the label itself.
[0003]
Luminol and isoluminol are raw materials that can be obtained easily and relatively inexpensively, and a sufficient luminescence intensity can be obtained by a sensitizer such as a phenol compound. In a general measurement, a solid phase bound with an antibody or an antigen is reacted with a sample and a POD-labeled antibody or an antigen to form a sandwich-type conjugate. Subsequently, after removing excess POD-labeled antibody or antigen by washing, a luminol or isoluminol solution containing aqueous hydrogen peroxide and a sensitizer is added, and the amount of emitted light is measured.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0004]
Since the 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound has a high nonspecific emission immediately after dissolution, a lysis reagent aged for about one week must be used for chemiluminescence analysis. However, when a solution stored for a long period of time is used, there is a disadvantage that the luminescence intensity gradually decreases even when the storage state is low temperature (4 ° C.). A decrease in the emission intensity leads to a decrease in the S / N ratio.
[Means for solving the problem]
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for stabilizing a luminescent reagent using a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound in a solution state. The problem is solved by adding an inorganic azide in a range of 0.01 to 0.1% to a luminescent reagent containing a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound. Addition of an inorganic azide in this concentration range or more may inhibit POD activity during the reaction, resulting in a decrease in emission intensity. On the other hand, the addition of an inorganic azide below this concentration range can be expected to stabilize the emission intensity during the measurement (JP-A-6-34630), but the long-term storage of the 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound solution May not contribute to stabilization.
[0006]
As the inorganic azide, an alkali metal azide such as sodium azide and potassium azide and an alkaline earth metal azide such as barium azide are used. Particularly preferred is sodium azide. Although sodium azide is widely used generally as a preservative, the stabilizing effect of the present invention is not achieved by preventing bacterial contamination.
[0007]
As a technique for stabilizing a solution composition, the effect of a specific buffer and pH is often taken up. However, in the technique for stabilizing a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound solution of the present invention, a buffer solution is used. The type is not particularly limited. The buffer may be appropriately selected from one or a combination of two or more commonly used buffers such as a phosphate buffer, a borate buffer, a citrate buffer, a Tris buffer, and a Good buffer. If the pH of the buffer is adjusted within the range of 5 to 10, the stabilizing effect does not change. Under acidic conditions of pH 3 or less, sodium azide is decomposed, so that a stabilizing effect cannot be obtained.
[0008]
2,3-Dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound The concentration of the 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound in the luminescent reagent is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily selected according to the quantitative ratio of the composition of the reagent. . The reagent for the fully automatic chemiluminescence analyzer AL-1000 (Eiken Chemical Sales) is a system in which 100 μl of a hydrogen peroxide solution and a luminol luminescence reagent, which are POD substrates, are dispensed to the washed solid phase beads. A suitable luminol concentration of a suitable luminescent reagent is 0.001 to 10 mM, preferably 0.01 to 1 mM.
The chemiluminescence enhancer is preferably coexisted with a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound luminescent reagent in terms of the composition of the reagent and simplification of the measurement operation. As the phenolic enhancer, 4-iodophenol, 4-phenylphenol, and 2-chloro-4-phenylphenol are particularly effective (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-5539). It can coexist in the same solution with the 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladione compound in a concentration range of 10 mM.
[0009]
Examples will be described below.
Embodiment 1
Stabilizing effect of inorganic azide-containing luminol reagent by CEA measurement. Inorganic azide-free luminol reagent and inorganic azide-added luminol reagent were stored at 4 ° C. and 37 ° C. for 2 weeks and 1 month, respectively. According to the protocol described in the instruction manual (manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.), an immune reaction was performed by a fully automatic chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay system AL-1000. The peroxidase activity after the enzyme immunoreaction of CEA was measured with various luminol reagents, and the luminescence intensities were compared.
[0010]
1- (a) Immobilized antibody A commercially available anti-CEA rabbit polyclonal antibody (manufactured by DAKO) was diluted with PBS to 1 μg / ml in an antibody solution, and a polystyrene bead (1/4 inch in diameter, Sekisui Chemical) was used. (Manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and left at 4 ° C. overnight. After standing, it was washed with physiological saline and immersed in PBS containing 0.3% BSA at room temperature for 3 hours to obtain an immobilized antibody.
[0011]
1- (b) POD-labeled antibody A commercially available anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (manufactured by DAKO) was bound to POD (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., derived from horseradish) by the method of Ishikawa et al. (Japanese Patent Application No. 57-33662). A POD-labeled antibody was prepared. This was fractionated and purified using Sephadex G-200, and diluted 250-fold with PBS containing 2% BSA before use.
[0012]
1- (c) Luminescent reagents 1 and 2
0.3 ml of 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) was dissolved in 1000 ml of a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) to obtain a hydrogen peroxide reagent.
225 mg of luminol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) and 11 mg of p-iodophenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) are dissolved in 1000 ml of a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), a part of which is used as a luminol reagent A, and a part of which is used as luminol reagent A. Further, sodium azide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to a concentration of 0.025% to obtain a luminol reagent B.
[0013]
1- (C) Immunoassay As a sample, commercially available purified CEA (SCRIPPS) was used, diluted with PBS containing 0.2% BSA to a working concentration, and subjected to an immune reaction.
The measurement was performed with a fully automatic chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay device AL-1000. The protocol is as follows.
One tube of the antibody-insolubilized solid phase was placed in advance in each immunoreaction tube, and 60 μl of the test sample and 200 μl of the diluent were added thereto, and reacted at 37 ° C. for about 7 minutes.
After the reaction, the solution was removed by suction, the beads were washed with PBS, 40 µl of the POD-labeled antibody and 170 µl of the diluent were added, and reacted at 37 ° C for about 7 minutes.
After the reaction, the solution was removed, and the beads were washed. Then, 100 μl of the above-mentioned hydrogen peroxide reagent and 100 μl of luminol reagent A or 100 μl of luminol reagent B were added, and the luminescence intensity (integrated value for 3 seconds) was measured. .
[0014]
Table 1 shows the results. The numerical values in the table indicate measured values of luminescence when the sample is purified CEA, and indicate the CEA concentration (ng / ml) when the sample is serum. The% value shown to the right of the measured value is the ratio to the measured value of the reagent at the time of preparation.
At low concentrations of purified CEA, a remarkable effect of sodium azide was observed. Since the serum measurement value was measured after calibration with each reagent, the effect of adding sodium azide was small, but the accuracy of the measurement value was clearly higher than that of the reagent without addition.
[0015]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003593384
[0016]
Embodiment 2
Stabilizing effect of inorganic azide-containing luminol reagent by AFP measurement The luminescent reagent 2-A and luminescent reagent 2-B were stored at 4 ° C. and 37 ° C. for 2 weeks and 1 month, respectively, and Lumispot AFP (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.) The immunoreaction was carried out by a fully-automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay system AL-1000 according to the protocol described in the instructions of the company (registered trademark). The peroxidase activity after the enzyme immunoreaction of AFP was measured with various luminol reagents, and the residual luminescence intensity was compared.
[0017]
2- (a) Immobilized Antibody A commercially available anti-AFP rabbit polyclonal antibody (manufactured by UCB) was diluted with PBS to 1 μg / ml, and a polystyrene bead (1/4 inch in diameter; (Manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and left at 4 ° C. overnight. After standing, it was washed with physiological saline and immersed in PBS containing 0.3% BSA at room temperature for 3 hours to obtain an immobilized antibody.
[0018]
2- (b) POD-labeled antibody A commercially available anti-AFP monoclonal antibody (manufactured by Zymet) is bound to POD (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., derived from horseradish) by the method of Ishikawa et al. (Japanese Patent Application No. 57-33662). And POD-labeled antibodies. This was fractionated and purified using Sephadex G-200, and diluted 1000-fold with PBS containing 2% BSA before use.
[0019]
2- (c) Immunological measurement method A commercially available AFP standard (manufactured by Nippon Biotest Laboratories) was used as a sample, which was diluted with PBS containing 0.2% BSA to a working concentration, and subjected to an immune reaction.
The measurement was performed with a fully automatic chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay system AL-1000 (Eiken Chemical). The protocol is as follows.
One solid phase of the antibody-insolubilized solid phase was previously placed in each immunoreaction tube, and 20 μl of the test sample and 250 μl of the diluent were added thereto, and the mixture was reacted at 37 ° C. for about 7 minutes. After the reaction, the solution was removed by suction. Then, the beads were washed with PBS, 40 µl of POD-labeled antibody and 170 µl of diluent were added, and reacted at 37 ° C for about 7 minutes.
After the reaction, the solution was removed, and the beads were washed. Then, 200 μl of each of the following chemiluminescent reagents was added, and the luminescence intensity (integrated value for 3 seconds) was measured.
[0020]
Table 2 shows the results. Numerical values in the table indicate measured values of luminescence when the sample is an AFP standard product, and indicate the AFP concentration (ng / ml) when the sample is serum. The% value shown to the right of the measured value is the ratio to the measured value of the reagent at the time of preparation. In AFP, as in CEA, the stability of the luminol reagent to which sodium azide has been added is significantly improved.
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003593384
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the storage stability of the 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound reagent is improved, and application to a fully automatic chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay is facilitated.

Claims (3)

化学発光をシグナルとする化学発光分析用の試薬組成物において、無機アジドを0.01〜0.1%含有させる2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物試薬組成物の安定化方法。A method for stabilizing a reagent composition for a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound, comprising 0.01 to 0.1% of an inorganic azide in a reagent composition for chemiluminescence analysis using chemiluminescence as a signal. 無機アジドがアジ化ナトリウムである請求項に記載の2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物試薬組成物の安定化法。2. The method for stabilizing a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound reagent composition according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic azide is sodium azide. 発光増強剤を含む請求項に記載の2,3−ジヒドロ−1,4フタラジオン化合物試薬組成物の安定化法。The method for stabilizing a 2,3-dihydro-1,4 phthaladion compound reagent composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a luminescence enhancer.
JP17812295A 1995-06-21 1995-06-21 Stabilization of chemiluminescence analysis reagents Expired - Lifetime JP3593384B2 (en)

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