JP3593107B2 - Root crop extractor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a root vegetable extractor that sandwiches foliage and extracts root vegetables to a predetermined height when harvesting root vegetables grown in a field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various root vegetable harvesters for harvesting root vegetables such as ginseng, radish and burdock have been proposed and put into practical use. In these root crops, the root crops are extracted with the self-propelled body while the foliage is held between the field by a pair of left and right endless belts, and the extracted root crops are clamped by the endless belt. In the process of transporting the root crops in a hanging state, the root crops are separated from the foliage, and only the root crops are stored in a container or the like, and the foliage has a function of discharging to the field. They were large and expensive.
[0003]
In the conventional method of transporting the foliage by nipping the pair of left and right endless belts, when nipping and transporting the foliage, so that the crop does not fall off, and when the volume of the crop is large. In order to reduce the load, a plurality of guide rollers are pressed from the back side of the endless belt by a spring or the like so as to have an appropriate clamping pressure and an appropriate interval. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a large number of guide rollers according to the length of the belt, and the production cost is high.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Kintoki ginseng, which is produced in the Shikoku region, is an important specialty vegetable with an 80% market share in the Keihanshin market. In order to secure a root length of 30 cm or more, a unique planting style in which two rows are planted in Takaune. I'm taking. For this reason, the above-mentioned well-known harvesters cannot be used, and there is no machine that can be used for harvesting such kind of ginseng. It is. For this reason, a great deal of labor was required, and the operator sometimes hurt his back. On the other hand, as workers are aging, there is a demand for mechanized and lighter harvesting work. However, since the amount of harvested ginseng at a time is small, it is not realistic to introduce a large and expensive high-performance machine as described above.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention focuses on the extraction work with the largest labor burden among the harvesting work of root vegetables such as ginseng, radish and burdock, and has a simple configuration adapted to the conventional planting style and harvesting work form, and The aim is to reduce the harvesting work by developing a harvesting machine with low production cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by having the configuration according to claims 1 to 4.
A. A pair of left and right raising rods 5a for collecting the roots and leaves B toward the center of the ridge from both the left and right sides of the ridge A where the root vegetables C are cultivated in a row are attached to the mobile body 2 having no traveling power. collecting Sotai 5 consisting of guide plates projecting from forward provided, subsequent to the condensing Sotai 5, provided in front傾状respect to the moving direction of the machine body 2, the grass collection has been root vegetables by said population Sotai 5 rotated by sandwiching the foliage part B from the left and right, provided withdrawal unit 7 having a predetermined height of the pair going was left had pulled disconnect until pulling member 6 on the root vegetables C ridge a while advancing the fuselage 2 The mobile unit 2 is provided with a controller 12 for switching between forward and reverse rotation of the pull-out unit 7 and controlling the number of rotations, the front-back inclination angle, the support height, the left-right space, the left-right air pressure, and the like .
[0007]
B. The pulled-out body 6 is held by a pair of left and right elastic members 10 whose right and left intervals are automatically moved and adjusted according to the amount of the foliage B.
C. The withdrawal member pair of rollers 6 is consists those flexible tire shape, it is supported for driven rotation toward the side opposite to each other with respect to the machine body traveling direction by the power.
D. The length of the pair of right and left rollers 6 as the drawn-out body can be adjusted by adjusting the left-right distance and the air pressure, thereby adjusting the length of the contact portion between the rollers 6 .
[0008]
[Action]
The above A. Or D. By having the structure of (claims 1 to 4), the root vegetable extractor of the present invention performs the following operations.
a. From the left and right sides of the ridge A of the root vegetables C cultivated in a row, the foliage B is collected toward the center of the ridge A by the grass collecting body 5 , and the collected foliage B is forward inclined left and right. of rotation by holding the pull member 6, the root crops C was left had pulled disconnect to a predetermined height above the ridge a while advancing the machine body 2, after which the root crops C withdrawn from the ridge a with a light force by human The operation of cutting the foliage B and storing the root vegetables C in the container can be performed efficiently. Further, the body 2 having no running power is moved forward by the reaction force of holding the foliage B with the forwardly inclined drawn body 6 and pulling out the root vegetables C, and the body 2 is automatically run with little power. Further, by switching the forward / reverse rotation of the pull-out unit 7 and controlling the rotation speed, the front-back inclination angle, the support height, the left-right gap, the left-right air pressure, and the like by the controller 12 , the pull-out accuracy of the pull-out body 6 is improved.
[0009]
b. Since the drawn-out body 6 is held by the elastic body 10 whose right and left space is automatically moved and adjusted according to the amount of the foliage B , the left and right drawn-out bodies 6 press the foliage B almost at an appropriate pressure. root vegetables C is left-out pull disconnect to a predetermined height in a state in nipped.
c. Pair of rollers 6 is made from those flexible tire-like, that is supported for driven rotation toward the side opposite to each other with respect to the machine body traveling direction by the power, root by a pair of right and left rollers 6 securely clamping the foliage part B of the kind pulled out root vegetables C with the movement of the body 2 up to a predetermined height above the ridge a. By rotating the pair of right and left rollers 6 in reverse , the foliage B wound around the rollers 6 can be easily removed .
d. Pair of rollers 6, by adjusting the lateral spacing and pneumatic, is adjusted the length of Taise' portion of the roller 6 another and appropriately clamped according to the state of the foliage B, accuracy root vegetables C Pull out well.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 8, the ridge A for cultivating the ginseng C in the Shikoku region is a high ridge having a trapezoidal cross section, a base of 70 cm, a height of 40 cm, and a ridge interval of 90 cm. It is cultivated in the style of row planting (row 10 cm). The root length of ginseng C at the time of harvest has reached 30 cm or more. Then, when harvesting this kind of ginseng C by human power, (1) withdraw the roots directly from the cultivated ridge with the foliage, (2) arrange the extracted carrots on the ridge, ( 3) Cut the foliage with a sickle while leaving the foliage about 5 cm from the neck of the root, and (4) Store the root with the foliage partially adhered in a container. ing. Of these, the root extraction work of (1) is the hardest work, and in the present invention, a root extractor having a simple structure that can reduce the work of extracting root vegetables such as carrots, radish, burdock, etc. from the ridges is reduced. Develop one.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the root vegetable extractor 1 is made of an aluminum frame, and has a pair of left and right front wheels 3 and a rear wheel 4 at the lower end of a gate-shaped (high clearance) body 2 that straddles a ridge A. , And the body 2 is pushed or pulled by human power to travel by the front wheels 3 and the rear wheels 4. This machine body 2 may be capable of adjusting the horizontal spacing and the vertical height with respect to the ridge A. At the front of the machine body 2, a grass collection body 5 consisting of a pair of left and right guide plates for collecting the foliage B of carrot C cultivated in rows on the ridge A toward the center of the ridge A from both left and right sides. Is provided. A bar 5a is provided at the tip of the grass body 5 to cause the foliage B extending laterally from the ridge A and acting to cause the foliage B to fall to the center of the ridge A. .
[0013]
Subsequent to the grass-collecting body 5, the foliage B of the carrot C collected by the grass-collecting body 5 is clamped from the left and right, and the ginseng C is fixed on the ridge A with the movement of the airframe (standard 0.2 m / s). A pull-out unit 7 having a pair of left and right rollers 6 for pulling out by the height h (see FIG. 9) is provided at substantially the center of the body 2 in the front-rear direction. As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the roller 6 supports a ready-made tire (SL94) on a U-shaped support frame 8, and a DC motor attached to the support frame 8 on a rotation shaft of the roller 6. Nine output shafts are connected. The support frame 8 is provided with a cylindrical body mounting portion 10, and the roller 6, the support frame 8, the DC motor 9, the body mounting portion 10, and the like constitute a drawing unit 7.
[0014]
The body mounting portion 10 extends toward the side of the body 2 and rollers 6 and 6 are obliquely inclined to the front on mounting frames 11 provided on both sides of the body 2 (standard is 50). Degrees), and the DC motor 9 is driven to rotate inward with respect to the advancing direction of the fuselage at a standard speed of 37 rpm. , Air pressure and the like are adjustable. Also, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, by adjusting the left and right distance between the rollers 6 and 6 and the air pressure, the length of the contact portion between the rollers 6 and 6 and the clamping pressure of the foliage B are adjusted. Can be adjusted. A cover 6a is provided from the grass collection body 5 to the pulling-out unit 7 to prevent the foliage B from winding around the roller 6 and its rotating shaft during the pulling-out operation. Note that the rollers 6 and 6 may be other than tires, and may also be constituted by a pair of left and right endless belts.
[0015]
A controller 12 for controlling the pull-out unit 7 and a battery 13 serving as a power source for the DC motor 9 are mounted on the upper part of the body 2. The controller 12 turns on and off the DC motor 9 (roller 6), Control such as switching between forward and reverse rotation and adjustment of the number of rotations of the roller 6 is performed. A steering handle 14 is provided at the rear of the body 2, and the operator controls the aircraft with the steering handle 14. When the rollers 6, 6 are holding the foliage B and pulling out the carrot C, the resultant force received by the rollers 6, 6 is obliquely downward in the traveling direction because the rollers 6, 6 are inclined forward. The ginseng C is pulled out in the vertical direction by the reaction of the vertical component force, and the horizontal component force acts in the direction of moving the aircraft forward. Therefore, the fuselage moves forward by pushing with light force. Further, the pull-out unit 7 can adjust the front-back tilt angle, the support height, the left-right space, the air pressure, and the like with respect to the body 2 by power. In this case, these controls are performed at the controller 12 position. What should be done is.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 6, the body mounting portion 10 is mounted on a supporting frame 8 and a cylindrical outer cylinder 10a mounted on a mounting frame 11, and is slidable horizontally in the outer cylinder 10a and in a circumferential direction. A cylindrical inner cylinder 10b rotatably inserted into the outer cylinder 10a; and an adjusting screw 10c screwed into the outer cylinder 10a from the outer end of the outer cylinder 10a to adjust the left-right spacing and the front-back inclination angle of the rollers 6, 6. And a spring 10d which is provided between the outer cylinder 10a and the inner cylinder 10b and automatically adjusts the left and right intervals of the rollers 6, 6 according to the amount of the foliage B. In this embodiment, the spring 10d is provided on only one of the body attachment portions 10 and not provided on the other, but the spring 10d may be provided on the other.
[0017]
When the root vegetable extractor 1 is moved a long distance, a truck 15 as shown in FIG. 10 is used. When loading the root vegetable extracting machine 1 on the truck 15, a step board 16 is hung on the carrier 15a, and the other end of the rope or wire 17 having one end fixed to the truck 15 is extended to the root vegetable extracting machine 1 side. The rope or wire 17 is sandwiched between the rollers 6 and 6 via the guide roller 18, and the rollers 6 and 6 are driven and rotated, so that the rope or wire 17 is moved so that the root vegetable extracting machine 1 is moved to the stepping plate. It can be moved from 16 to the loading platform 15a and loaded with little effort.
[0018]
Next, the operation of the root vegetable extractor 1 will be described.
The root vegetable extractor 1 is advanced so as to straddle the ridge A, and the controller 12 switches on the DC motor 9 to rotate the rollers 6 and 6 forward. Then, when the operator moves the fuselage forward by holding the steering handle portion 14, the foliage B is collected on the center side of the ridge A by the raising rod 5a and the grass collecting body 5, and the collected foliage B is rolled. The aircraft advances while holding the ginseng C by 6, 6 and pulling out the ginseng C by a predetermined height h on the ridge A. Here, a measurement of the pull-out resistance for pulling out ginseng C by manual power required 66.4 N. However, the pull-out resistance after pulling out by the root vegetable extractor 1 was extremely low at 9.7 N.
[0019]
The ginseng C extracted by the root vegetable extractor 1 is extracted from the ridge A by human power, aligned on the ridge A, cuts the foliage B substantially from a predetermined position, and efficiently stores the ginseng C in a container. It can be carried out. In addition, the root vegetable extracting machine 1 can improve the extracting accuracy of the roller 6 by controlling the extracting unit 7 by the controller 12. When the foliage B is wound around the roller 6, the winding of the foliage B can be easily removed by reversing the roller 6 by the DC motor 9.
[0020]
Further, the left and right gaps of the rollers 6 are automatically moved and adjusted by the springs 10d according to the amount of the foliage B, so that the left and right rollers 6, 6 sandwich the foliage B with an appropriate pressure. C can be pulled out to a predetermined height. Further, a pair of left and right rollers 6 and 6 skew the flexible tire in a forwardly inclined manner, and are driven to rotate inward by the DC motor 9 in the body advancing direction. The ginseng C can be pulled out to the predetermined height h on the ridge A with the movement of the fuselage while securely holding the portion B.
[0021]
In addition, by adjusting the inclination angle of the roller 6 in the front-rear direction, the supporting height, the number of rotations, the left-right interval, the air pressure, and the like according to the situation of the foliage B and the carrot C, an appropriate ginseng extraction work is performed. Further, the length of the roller 6 in contact with the roller 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the lateral distance and the air pressure of the roller 6, so that the roller 6 can be properly clamped according to the state of the foliage B, and the ginseng C can be accurately adjusted. Can be pulled out well.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the root vegetable extractor of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by the configuration of claims 1 to 4.
B. A pair of left and right raising rods 5a for collecting the roots and leaves B toward the center of the ridge from both the left and right sides of the ridge A where the root vegetables C are cultivated in a row are attached to the mobile body 2 having no traveling power. collecting Sotai 5 consisting of guide plates projecting from forward provided, subsequent to the condensing Sotai 5, provided in front傾状respect to the moving direction of the machine body 2, the grass collection has been root vegetables by said population Sotai 5 rotated by sandwiching the foliage part B from the left and right, provided withdrawal unit 7 having a predetermined height of the pair going was left had pulled disconnect until pulling member 6 on the root vegetables C ridge a while advancing the fuselage 2 Since the mobile machine 2 is provided with a controller 12 for switching the forward / reverse rotation of the pulling-out unit 7 and controlling the rotation speed, the front / rear inclination angle, the support height, the left / right interval, the left / right air pressure, etc. , the root vegetables C can be removed. given up to a height was left had pulled disconnect, the predetermined high-sama The pulled the root vegetables C, with a light force by human power withdrawn from the ridge A cutting the foliage part B, the work to accommodate the root vegetables C in the container, comfortably, efficiently, reduce the burden on the operator's waist You can do it. In addition, the body 2 can be automatically moved forward by the reaction force of sandwiching the foliage B with the forwardly inclined withdrawal body 6 and pulling out the root vegetables C, and the body 2 can be automatically driven with little power. Further, by operating the controller 12 at hand, switching the forward / reverse rotation of the pull-out unit 7 and adjusting the rotation speed, the front-back tilt angle, the support height, the left-right interval, the left-right air pressure, etc. , and pulling out the pull-out body 6 Accuracy can be further improved.
[0023]
B. The drawn body 6 is held by a pair of left and right elastic members 10 whose left and right intervals are automatically adjusted to move in accordance with the amount of the foliage B , so that the right and left rollers 6 substantially adjust the foliage B. The root vegetables C can be accurately pulled out to a predetermined height in a state where the root vegetables C are sandwiched with a suitable pressure.
C. Pair of rollers 6 is pulling member is made from those flexible tire shape, so to aircraft traveling direction and supported so as to rotated toward the opposite side to each other by the power, the roller 6 of root vegetables The root vegetables C can be pulled out to a predetermined height on the ridge A with the movement of the machine body 2 while securely holding the foliage B. In addition, by rotating the pair of right and left rollers 6 in reverse , the foliage B wound around the rollers 6 can be easily removed , and the root vegetable extracting operation can be performed appropriately and accurately.
D. Pair of rollers 6 is pulling body, by adjusting the lateral spacing and pneumatic, since the length of Taise' portion of the roller 6 mutual was adjustable, roller 6 according to the state of the foliage B The root vegetables C can be pulled out to a predetermined height with high accuracy by holding the root vegetables C with an appropriate holding force.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a root vegetable extractor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of a root vegetable extracting machine in a working state straddling a ridge.
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the drawing unit.
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a body attachment portion of the pull-out unit.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the roller.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a carrot cultivation ridge.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a ginseng pull-out operation.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram when a root vegetable extractor is loaded on a transport vehicle.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Root vegetable extracting machine 2 Body 3 Front wheel 4 Rear wheel 5 Grass collecting body 5a Raising rod 6 Roller (tire) 6a Cover 7 Pulling unit 8 Support frame 9 DC motor 10 Body mounting part 10a Outer cylinder 10b Inner cylinder 10c Adjusting screw 10d Spring 11 Attachment frame 12 Controller 13 Battery 14 Steering handle 15 Truck 15a Carrier 16 Stepping board 17 Rope or wire 18 Guide roller A Row B Foliage C Kintoki ginseng h Pulling height of ginseng

Claims (4)

In a mobile body (2) having no running power, weeding the roots (B) from the left and right sides of the ridge (A) , where the root vegetables (C) are cultivated in a row, toward the center of the ridge. A grass collecting body (5) composed of a guide plate having a pair of left and right raising rods (5a) protruding forward is provided, and following the grass gathering body (5) , it is inclined forward with respect to the moving direction of the body (2). And the roots (B) of the root crops collected by the grass collection body (5) are pinched and rotated from left and right, and the root crops (C) are ridged (A) while the body (2) is advanced. predetermined height to pull disconnect had been allowed to go left and right pulling of the top pulling unit with (6) (7) provided, normal and reverse rotation switching of the pull-out unit (7) to the mobile body (2) , the controller controls the rotational speed, longitudinal inclination angle, the supporting height and lateral spacing, the left and right air pressure or the like (1 ) Root crop pulling machine, characterized in that a. The drawing body (6) is held by a pair of left and right holding bodies (10) whose right and left distances are automatically adjusted according to the amount of the foliage (B). Item 5. A root vegetable extractor according to Item 1. It said pair of rollers is a withdrawal member (6) consists of those flexible tire shape, characterized in that it is supported for driven rotation toward the side opposite to each other with respect to the machine body traveling direction by the power The root vegetable extracting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The pair of left and right rollers (6) , which are the pull-out members, can adjust the length of a portion where the rollers (6) are in contact with each other by adjusting the left-right distance and the air pressure. 4. The root vegetable extractor according to 2 or 3.

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