JP3592145B2

JP3592145B2 - Imaging table with radiation receiver

Info

Publication number: JP3592145B2
Application number: JP20826399A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和弘松本; 修辻井; 純一山吉; 司酒向
Original assignee: Canon Inc
Current assignee: Canon Inc
Priority date: 1998-07-23
Filing date: 1999-07-22
Publication date: 2004-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2019-07-22
Also published as: JP2000333938A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、テーブル、ベッド等の横臥台の天板に横臥させた被検者にＸ線等の放射線を投射し、被検者を透過した放射線を天板の下方又は側方に配置した放射線受像部により撮影する放射線受像部付撮影台に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、放射線撮影装置は被検者の医療診断、物質の非破壊検査等の多様な分野で使用されており、この種の装置には増感紙と放射線写真フィルムを密着させて使用する所謂放射線写真法が採用されている。この装置において、被写体を透過した放射線が増感紙に入射すると、増感紙に含まれている蛍光体が放射線のエネルギを吸収して蛍光を発生し、この蛍光により放射線写真フィルムが感光して放射線像を可視像として記録する。
【０００３】
近年、蓄積性蛍光体から成る放射線検出器を備えた画像記録再生装置が考案されている。この装置において、被写体を透過した放射線が蓄積性蛍光体に入射すると、蓄積性蛍光体は放射線エネルギの一部を蓄積する。そして、蓄積性蛍光体に可視光等の光を照射すると、蓄積性蛍光体は蓄積したエネルギに応じた輝尽発光を示す。即ち、蓄積性蛍光体は被写体の放射線画像情報を蓄積し、走査手段が蓄積性蛍光体をレーザー光等の励起光で走査し、読取手段が輝尽発光光を光電的に読み取り、読取手段が読み取った画像信号を写真感光材料等の記録材料、ＣＲＴ等の表示手段が可視像として記録又は表示する。
【０００４】
また、半導体プロセス技術の進歩により、放射線をリアルタイムで直接にデジタル出力する放射線検出器が提案され、例えば特開平８−１１６０４４号公報に記載されている。放射線検出器はシンチレータと固体光検出器を積層した構成となっており、シンチレータは放射線を可視光に変換し、固体検出器は可視光を光電変換するようになっている。固体検出器は石英ガラスから成る基板上に、透明導電膜と導電膜から成る固体光検出素子をアモルファス半導体膜を挟んでマトリクス状に配列することにより製作が可能になっている。そして、このような放射線検出器は数ｍｍの厚さの平面パネル状であるため、放射線検出器を使用した放射線受像部は、薄型軽量化が容易に可能となっている。
【０００５】
図１２、図１３は放射線検出器を内蔵した放射線受像部１をテーブル２に備えた従来の放射線受像部付撮影台を示し、テーブル２は支持台３に支柱４を介して天板５が支持された構成とされている。そして、放射線受像部１は支持台３の上部にレール台６を介して天板５の長手方向に移動自在に支持されている。放射線受像部１には放射線検出器と共に信号読取回路が内蔵されており、信号読取回路はケーブル７を介して図示しない画像処理部に接読されている。
【０００６】
この種の撮影台は放射線検出器を用いた放射線受像部１を備えているので、従来のように放射線写真フィルム又は蓄積性蛍光体シートを収納したカセッテを着脱したり、放射線写真フィルムを現像したり、蓄積性蛍光体シートにレーザー光を走査したりする作業が不要となり、撮影者を一連のこの種の煩雑な作業から解放できる。即ち、撮影者は天板５上に横臥している被検者Ｓに対する所望位置に放射線受像部１を移動して被検者Ｓの所望部位を撮影でき、ＣＲＴ等の表示手段が表示する放射線画像を診断に利用できる。
【０００７】
図１４、図１５は放射線写真フィルム又は蓄積性蛍光体シートを収容したカセッテ１’をテーブル２’と共に使用する従来の放射線受像部付撮影台を示し、テーブル２’は支持台３、支柱４及び天板５とから構成されている。この撮影台で被検者Ｓの側面撮影を行う場合には、カセッテ１’を天板５の上に特別な支持具又は被検者Ｓの手によって鉛直に保持する必要があり、ＩＣＵ（集中要注意装置）のベッドで被検者Ｓの側面撮影を行う場合には、撮影者がカセッテ１’を鉛直に保持する必要がある。
【０００８】
また、ＩＣＵのベッドに横臥している被検者Ｓが例えば心臓疾患を有する場合には、被検者Ｓが起立する際に心臓に大きい負担が掛かる。このため、従来のＩＣＵのベッドは天板の長手方向の少なくとも一端部に傾動可能な可動天板を備えている場合が多い。このベッドを使用する場合には、可動天板を起立させた後にその背後にカセッテ１’を配置する必要がある上に、被検者Ｓの上半身を起立させた状態で被検者Ｓの下半身を撮影する必要がある。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように、テーブル２、２’やベッドの有効性を十分に発揮させるためには、放射線受像部１又はカセッテ１’を複数の異なる方向から撮影可能な姿勢に保持する必要がある。しかしながら、放射線受像部１を所望の位置に配置するためには次のような問題点が生ずる。
【００１０】
（ａ）放射線受像部１と画像処理部をケーブル７により接続している上に、放射線受像部１はカセッテ１’よりも重くかつ大きいため、撮影者は撮影の前に放射線受像部１を天板５の下面から取り出して天板５の上に鉛直に立て、撮影の後には天板５の上から天板５の下に戻すという煩雑な作業が必要となる。
【００１１】
（ｂ）放射線受像部１の主構成部品である放射線検出器は高価であるため、異なる撮影に対応するために放射線受像部１を個別に用意することや、全てをＩＣＵのベッドに組み込むことはコスト高になる。
【００１２】
（ｃ）ＩＣＵのベッドの天板は均一な平面形状でないので、放射線受像部１を天板に沿って例えば操作者の手で連続的に移動させるためには、天板の下部に余分な移動空間が必要となる。
【００１３】
（ｄ）これらの問題とは別の観点の問題として、放射線受像部１にグリッドを使用し、グリッドを静止させて側面撮影を行う場合には、放射線検出器の画素ピッチとグリッドの鉛箔の配列ピッチの関係に起因するモアレが放射線画像上に発生する。
【００１４】
（ｅ）ＩＣＵのベッドに横臥している救急患者や重体患者をテーブル２の天板５に強制的に移動することは極力避ける必要があるので、ＩＣＵのベッドに横臥している患者を撮影するためには、ＩＣＵのベッドにも放射線受像部１を配置する必要がある。
【００１５】
本発明の目的は、上述の問題点の幾つか、或いは全てを解消し、複数の異なる方向から容易に撮影し得る安価な放射線受像部付撮影台を提供することにある。
【００１６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するための本発明に係る放射線受像部付撮影台は、被検者を横臥させる天板を有する横臥台と、前記天板の下方に移動自在に位置する放射線受像部と、該放射線受像部を前記天板の短手方向又は長手方向に案内する案内手段と、前記放射線受像部を鉛直方向に起立させる機能を有する起立手段と、前記横臥台を支持する支持台とを備え、該支持台は前記放射線受像部と前記案内手段を支持すると共に両端に鉛直方向に傾動可能な可動支持板を備え、前記案内手段は前記放射線受像部を前記可動支持板上に案内することを特徴とする。
また、本発明に係る放射線受像部付撮影台は、被検者を横臥させる天板を有する横臥台と、前記天板の下方に移動自在に位置する放射線受像部と、該放射線受像部を前記天板の短手方向又は長手方向に案内する案内手段と、前記放射線受像部を鉛直方向に起立させる機能を有する起立手段と、前記横臥台とは別体の支持台とを備え、該支持台は前記放射線受像部と前記案内手段を支持すると共に両端に鉛直方向に傾動可能な可動支持板を備え、前記案内手段は前記放射線受像部を前記可動支持板上に案内することを特徴とする。
更に、本発明に係る放射線受像部付撮影台は、被検者を横臥させる天板を有する横臥台と、前記天板の下方に移動自在に位置する放射線受像部と、該放射線受像部を前記天板の短手方向又は長手方向に案内する案内手段と、前記放射線受像部を鉛直方向に起立させる機能を有する起立手段とを備え、前記放射線受像部は、放射線をその強度に応じた電荷に変換する固体検出素子を二次元状に配置した放射線検出器と、該放射線検出器からの信号を読み取る信号読取回路と、前記放射線検出器への散乱放射線の入射を防止すためのグリッドとを有し、該グリッドは所定方向に配列した鉛箔を有し、前記起立手段によって起立することを特徴とする。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を図１〜図１１に図示の実施例に基づいて説明する。
図１は第１の実施例におけるＸ線受像部付撮影台の側面図、図２は正面図を示しており、Ｘ線受像部付撮影台は被検者の四肢部、頭部、腹部等の単純撮影が可能とされており、被検者を撮影するＸ線受像部１１は、被検者を横臥させ得る横臥台であるテーブル１２に移動機構１３を介して組み付けられている。Ｘ線受像部１１には図示しないＸ線検出器と信号読取回路が内蔵され、信号読取回路は図示しないケーブルを介して信号処理部に接続されている。テーブル１２は撮影室等の床上に配置可能な支持台１４と、この支持台１４の上方に四隅の支柱１５を介して水平に支持された天板１６とから成り、この天板１６はアクリル板、カーボン板等から形成されている。
【００１８】
移動機構１３では、固定レール台１７が天板１６の長手方向に向けて支持台１４の長手方向の略中央に固定され、固定レール台１７には移動台１８が天板１６の短手方向であるＡ方向に移動自在に組み付けられている。そして、移動台１８の一端側には支軸１９が天板１６の長手方向に向けて支持され、この支軸１９にはＸ線受像部１１の一端側の両面が支持されている。Ｘ線受像部１１と支軸１９の間には図示しない転がり軸受、滑り軸受等の軸受部材が介在されており、Ｘ線受像部１１は水平位置と鉛直位置の間のＢ方向に９０度の回転が可能とされている。
【００１９】
被検者の正面又は背面を撮影する際には、撮影者はＸ線受像部１１を水平にして移動台１８を天板１６の下側に押し込む。そして、被検者を天板１６の上に横臥させ、天板１６の上方からＸ線を投射し、天板１６の下に位置付けたＸ線受像部１１により撮影する。
【００２０】
また、被検者の側面を撮影する場合には、撮影者は移動台１８をＡ方向に押してＸ線受像部１１を破線で示すように天板１６の下部から露出させる。次に、Ｘ線受像部１１を支軸１９を中心としてＢ方向に回転して鉛直に起立させる。そして、被検者の側方からＸ線を投射し、天板１６の側方に起立させたＸ線受像部１１により撮影する。
【００２１】
このように第１の実施例では、撮影者はＸ線受像部１１をテーブル１２から外すことなく、所望の位置に案内できると共に所望の姿勢に転換できるので、被検者を複数の異なる方向から容易に撮影できる。また、Ｘ線受像部１１を所望位置に段階的に移動する、つまり水平に移動した後に鉛直に立ち上げるか、水平に倒した後に水平に移動するので、支持台１４と天板１６の間の空間を狭くすることができ、全体が大型化することはない。また、移動機構１３を天板１６の長手方向に移動する図示しない移動機構を設ければ、被検者の側面の全体を容易に撮影できる。
【００２２】
図３はＸ線の散乱を防止するためのグリッドの使用を説明する斜視図であり、図１、図２と同符号は同じ部材を示している。Ｘ線受像部１１’にはＸ線検出器２１とグリッド２２が組み込まれており、天板１６の上方にはＸ線を出射する管球２３が移動自在に設けられている。グリッド２２は複数の短冊状の鉛箔２２ａが所定の均等な間隔ｄで相互に平行に並べられ、鉛箔２２ａの配列方向は天板１６の短手方向に合わせれている。１枚の鉛箔２２ａの長手方向と被写体Ｓの体軸Ｓ_０方向とは合わせられ、臨床画像に好ましい位置関係が維持されている。
【００２３】
管球２３から被写体Ｓに入射したＸ線は、天板１６を透過した後にグリッド２２に入射し、グリッド２２で散乱線が除去された状態でＸ線検出器２１に到達する。この際に、グリッド２２を天板１６の長手方向に移動した場合には、天板１６の短手方向に対する鉛箔２２ａの位置が変化しないため、鉛箔２２ａが画像に現れてしまう。このため、グリッド２２をＸ線受像部１１’内で図示しない駆動手段により、図３においては天板１６の短手方向であるＡ方向に移動、例えば揺動させる必要がある。
【００２４】
図４に示すようにＸ線受像部１１’が被検者Ｓの側面を撮影する位置にある場合には、鉛箔２２ａの長手方向と被写体Ｓの体軸Ｓ_０の方向とが一致し、Ｘ線受像部１１’が好ましい状態を維持する。また、被検者Ｓの全身の側面を撮影する場合には、管球２３とＸ線受像部１１’を同時に移動させる。グリッド２２を天板１６の長手方向に関して鉛直位置に保持して、それらを鉛箔２２ａの長手方向つまり天板１６の長手方向に沿って同時に移動し、グリッド２２を重力方向に揺動させるため、天板１６の長手方向に関して、Ｘ線受像部１１’に対して管球２３を直角位置にに正確に保持する必要がないので、撮影作業が容易となる。
【００２５】
また、被検者Ｓに対してＸ線受像部１１’の鉛直方向の位置を調節する場合には、天板１６と被検者Ｓとの間に所定の厚みのスペーサ２４を介在させるか、Ｘ線受像部１１’を鉛直方向に移動する図示しない移動機構を設ければよい。この調節作業は撮影の前に行えばよいので、撮影は連続して行うことができる。
【００２６】
図５は第２の実施例におけるＸ線受像部付撮影台の側面図、図６はその一部を切欠した平面図、図７は正面図であり、Ｘ線受像部３１はテーブル３２に移動機構３３を介して支持されている。Ｘ線受像部３１とテーブル３２は第１の実施例と同様とされ、テーブル３２では支持台３４に支柱３５を介して天板３６が支持されている。
【００２７】
移動機構３３では、固定レール台３７が天板３６の長手方向に向けて支持台３４の上面に固定され、固定レール台３７には移動台３８がＣ方向に移動自在に組み込まれている。移動台３８の一端部の上面には、支軸３９が立設されており、この支軸３９には回転台４０がＤ方向に回転自在に取り付けられている。回転台４０は平面Ｔ字形状とされ、回転台４０のＴ字の横長部４０ａの１端部の孔に支軸３９が嵌合されている。そして、回転台４０のＴ字の縦長部４０ｂには支軸４１が横長部４０ａに平行に設けられ、支軸４１の両端部はＸ線受像部３１の両側の突出部３１ａの孔に嵌合され、Ｘ線受像部３１は水平位置と鉛直位置のＥ方向に回転可能とされている。
【００２８】
被検者の正面又は背面を撮影する際には、撮影者はＸ線受像部３１を天板３６の下方に位置させる。一方、被検者の側面撮影に際しては、撮影者はＸ線受像部３１を回転台４０と天板３６の短手方向に９０度回転し、Ｘ線受像部３１を天板３６の下部から露出させる。次に、Ｘ線受像部３１を鉛直方向に９０度起立させる。そして、起立させたＸ線受像部３１を移動台３８と共に天板３６の長手方向に移動させながら被検者の全身の側面を撮影する。この第２の実施例は第１の実施例と同様な効果を達成できる上に、被検者の側面全体を撮影できる。
【００２９】
図８はＸ線の散乱を防止するためのグリッドの使用を説明する斜視図であり、Ｘ線受像部３１’には第１の実施例と同様なＸ線検出器２１とのグリッド２２が収容されている。Ｘ線受像部３１’が被検者Ｓの側面を撮影する位置にある場合には、グリッド２２の鉛箔２２ａの長手方向はグリッド２２の移動方向であるＦ方向に対して９０度異なる。
【００３０】
従って、グリッド２２は天板３６の長手方向に移動、例えば揺動することが好ましい。ここで、被検者Ｓに対するＸ線受像部３１’の鉛直方向の位置合わせは厳密にする必要はない。これに対し、天板３６の長手方向に関する管球２３とＸ線受像部３１’との位置合わせは比較的正確に行う必要がある。このため、撮影個所を変えるなどのために、Ｘ線受像部３１’を天板３６の長手方向に移動させる代りに、天板３６が長手方向に移動させればよく、この場合には撮影作業が容易になる。
【００３１】
上述の第１、第２の実施例では、Ｘ線受像部１１、３１の姿勢を略鉛直に変換するように示したが、必ずしも鉛直に限定する必要はなく、例えばＸ線受像部１１、３１の姿勢を天板１６、３６に対して直角ではない傾斜した角度に変位すれば、被検者Ｓの姿勢を天板１６、３６に対して傾斜させることなく斜め方向から撮影できる。
【００３２】
図９は第３の実施例におけるＸ線受像部付撮影台の側面図であり、放射線受像部５１はＩＣＵのベッド５２に移動機構５３を介して移動自在に支持されている。ベッド５２の支持台５４の水平部５４ａには支柱４５を介して天板５６が支持され、支持台５４の脚部５４ｂの下端には車輪５７が設けられ、ベッド５２は移動可能とされている。支持台５４の脚部５４ｂに囲まれた空間５８には、酸素ボンベ等の呼吸補助器具や心電図計等の計測器具が搭載可能とされている。
【００３３】
そして、天板５６は長手方向の中央部に位置する固定天板５９と、この固定天板５９の両端部にヒンジ６０、６１を介して鉛直方向に回転可能に支持された可動天板６２、６３とから構成され、可動天板６２、６３は任意の角度に固定可能とされている。また、移動機構５３も中央部に位置する固定レール台６４と、この固定レール台６４の両端部にヒンジ６５、６６を介して鉛直方向に回転可能に支持された可動レール台６７、６８とから構成されており、これらの可動レール台６７、６８も任意の角度に固定可能とされている。
【００３４】
固定天板５９と可動天板６２、６３が水平を形成するときは、固定レール台６４と可動レール台６７、６８も水平を形成し、放射線受像部５１を可動天板６２、６３の下方に移動可能となる。
【００３５】
一方、被検者の上半身を撮影する場合には、被検者の上半身が位置する例えば可動天板６２を約４５°鉛直方向に起立させ、破線で示すように放射線受像部５１を可動レール台６７上に移動して固定し、可動レール台６７を可動天板６２と平行になるように回転固定する。
【００３６】
この第３の実施例でも撮影者は放射線受像部５１をベッド５２から外すことなく、被検者を異なる方向から撮影できる。また、放射線受像部５１は天板５６の長手方向にのみに移動させるので、支持台５４と天板５６の間の空間６９を狭くできる。この際に、放射線受像部５１を第１、第２の実施例と同様に、天板５６の短手方向に移動させて起立可能に構成すれば側面撮影も可能となる。
【００３７】
図１０は第４の実施例におけるＸ線受像部付撮影台の側面図、図１１は正面図であり、Ｘ線受像部７１、ベッド７２及び移動機構７３が備えられ、ベッド７２には支持台７４、支柱７５、天板７６及び車輪７７が備えられている。そして、天板７６には固定天板７８、ヒンジ７９、８０、可動天板８１、８２が設けられている。なお、天板７６はその片側が２本の支柱７５により支持されている。
【００３８】
ここで、Ｘ線受像部７１と移動機構７３は、ベッド７２とは別体の第２の支持台８３に支持されている。第２の支持台８３はベッド７２に対して挿脱可能とされ、ベッド７２の支持台７４の水平部７４ａの上方に位置する水平部８３ａと、ベッド７２の支持台７４の脚部７４ｂの外方に位置する脚部８３ｂと、これらの脚部８３ｂの下端に取り付けられた車輪８４とから構成されている。そして、移動機構７３は第２の支持台８３の水平部８３ａに設置され、この移動機構７３は第３の実施例と同様な固定レール台８５、ヒンジ８６、８７、可動レール台８８、８９から構成されている。
【００３９】
この第４の実施例では、天板７６に横臥している被検者を撮影するときにのみ、第２の支持台８３を移動してＸ線受像部７１を天板７６の下方に位置させればよく、Ｘ線受像部７１を最初からテーブル７２に組み込む必要はない。
【００４０】
また、本実施例においてＸ線受像部７１内でグリッドを移動させて撮影する場合には、被検者を載せた支持台７４とＸ線受像部７１を載せた支持台８３との相対位置がずれると撮影画像が悪化する虞れがあるので、例えばロック機構９０を使用して支持台７４と８３とを互いに固定し、グリッドの移動時に相対位置がずれないようにする必要がある。ロック機構９０による固定は、支持台７４の水平部７４ａの長手方向の両端付近位置で行うことが望ましい。
【００４１】
なお、グリッドを移動させないで撮影する場合やグリッドを使用しない撮影の場合には、このロック機構９０のような固定手段は必ずしも設ける必要はない。
【００４２】
なお、上述の第１〜第４の実施例では、Ｘ線検出器を内蔵したＸ線受像部１１、１１’、３１、３１’５１、７１を用いたが、放射線写真フィルム又は蓄積性蛍光体シートを収容したカセッテを採用しても、操作の容易性等の点で同様の効果を達成できる。
【００４３】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明に係る放射線受像部付撮影台は、放射線受像部を天板の短手又は長手方向に案内する案内手段と、放射線受像部を鉛直方向に起立させる起立手段とを備えているので、撮影者は放射線受像部を何の案内もなく手で運ぶという従来の作業を必要とせず、複数の異なる方向から容易に撮影できる。また、従来のカセッテと同様に単一の放射線受像部により複数の異なる方向から撮影できるので、製造及び運用コストが低減する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】第１の実施例におけるＸ線受像部付撮影台の側面図である。
【図２】Ｘ線受像部付撮影台の正面図である。
【図３】グリッドの使用を説明する斜視図である。
【図４】グリッドの使用を説明する斜視図である。
【図５】第２の実施例におけるＸ線受像部付撮影台の側面図である。
【図６】一部を切欠した平面図である。
【図７】正面図である。
【図８】グリッドの使用を説明する斜視図である。
【図９】第３の実施例の側面図である。
【図１０】第４の実施例の側面図である。
【図１１】正面図である。
【図１２】従来例の側面図である。
【図１３】従来例の正面図である。
【図１４】他の従来例の側面図である。
【図１５】他の従来例の正面図である。
【符号の説明】
１１、１１’、３１、３１’、５１、７１Ｘ線受像部
１２、３２テーブル
１３、３３、５３、７３移動機構
１４、３４、５４、７４支持台
１６、３６、５６、７６天板
１７、３７、６４、８５固定レール台
１８、３８移動台
４０回転台
５２、７２ベッド
６２、６３、８１、８２可動天板
６７、６８、８８、８９可動レール台
８３第２の支持台
９０ロック機構
Ｓ被検者[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a method in which radiation such as X-rays is projected onto a subject lying on a tabletop such as a table or bed, and radiation transmitted through the subject is placed below or beside the tabletop. The present invention relates to an imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit for imaging by an image receiving unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, radiographic devices have been used in various fields such as medical diagnosis of subjects and nondestructive inspection of substances, and this type of device uses a so-called radiographic device in which an intensifying screen and a radiographic film are used in close contact. The photographic method is adopted. In this device, when the radiation transmitted through the subject enters the intensifying screen, the phosphor contained in the intensifying screen absorbs the energy of the radiation to generate fluorescence, and the fluorescence causes the radiographic film to be exposed. The radiation image is recorded as a visible image.
[0003]
In recent years, an image recording / reproducing device provided with a radiation detector made of a stimulable phosphor has been devised. In this device, when the radiation transmitted through the subject enters the stimulable phosphor, the stimulable phosphor accumulates a part of the radiation energy. When the stimulable phosphor is irradiated with light such as visible light, the stimulable phosphor emits stimulated light according to the stored energy. That is, the stimulable phosphor accumulates radiation image information of the subject, the scanning means scans the stimulable phosphor with excitation light such as laser light, the reading means photoelectrically reads the stimulated emission light, and the reading means The read image signal is recorded or displayed as a visible image by a recording material such as a photographic photosensitive material or a display means such as a CRT.
[0004]
Also, with the progress of semiconductor process technology, a radiation detector for directly outputting radiation in real time and digitally has been proposed, which is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-116444. The radiation detector has a configuration in which a scintillator and a solid-state photodetector are stacked, the scintillator converts radiation into visible light, and the solid-state detector photoelectrically converts the visible light. The solid-state detector can be manufactured by arranging a solid-state photodetector composed of a transparent conductive film and a conductive film in a matrix on a substrate made of quartz glass with an amorphous semiconductor film interposed therebetween. Since such a radiation detector is in the form of a flat panel having a thickness of several mm, the radiation image receiving section using the radiation detector can be easily reduced in thickness and weight.
[0005]
FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show a conventional imaging table with a radiation image receiving section having a radiation image receiving section 1 with a built-in radiation detector on a table 2, and the table 2 is supported on a support 3 by a support 4 via a support 4. It is the configuration which was done. The radiation receiving section 1 is supported on the support 3 via a rail 6 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the top 5. The radiation receiving section 1 has a built-in signal reading circuit together with a radiation detector, and the signal reading circuit is read through an image processing section (not shown) via a cable 7.
[0006]
Since this type of imaging table is provided with a radiation image receiving section 1 using a radiation detector, a radiographic film or a cassette containing a stimulable phosphor sheet can be attached and detached as in the related art, and the radiographic film can be developed. In addition, there is no need to perform an operation of scanning the stimulable phosphor sheet with a laser beam, and the photographer can be released from a series of such complicated operations. That is, the photographer can move the radiation image receiving unit 1 to a desired position with respect to the subject S lying on the top 5 to photograph a desired site of the subject S, and the radiation displayed by the display means such as a CRT can be used. Images can be used for diagnosis.
[0007]
FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 show a conventional radiographic table with a radiographic image receiving section using a cassette 1 ′ containing a radiographic film or a stimulable phosphor sheet together with a table 2 ′. And a top plate 5. When a side view of the subject S is to be taken on this table, the cassette 1 ′ needs to be vertically held by a special support or the hand of the subject S on the top plate 5, and the ICU (centralized When performing a side image of the subject S on the bed of the device requiring attention), the photographer needs to hold the cassette 1 'vertically.
[0008]
Further, when the subject S lying on the bed of the ICU has, for example, a heart disease, a large burden is applied to the heart when the subject S stands. For this reason, the bed of the conventional ICU often has a movable top plate that can be tilted at least at one end in the longitudinal direction of the top plate. When using this bed, it is necessary to dispose the cassette 1 'behind the movable top plate after erecting the movable top plate, and to lower the lower body of the subject S with the upper body of the subject S standing upright. Need to shoot.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in order to sufficiently exhibit the effectiveness of the tables 2 and 2 ′ and the bed, it is necessary to hold the radiation image receiving unit 1 or the cassette 1 ′ in a posture that allows imaging in a plurality of different directions. However, arranging the radiation image receiving unit 1 at a desired position has the following problems.
[0010]
(A) The radiation image receiving unit 1 is connected to the image processing unit by the cable 7, and the radiation image receiving unit 1 is heavier and larger than the cassette 1 '. It is necessary to take the complicated work of taking out from the lower surface of the plate 5, standing upright on the top plate 5, and returning from above the top plate 5 to below the top plate 5 after photographing.
[0011]
(B) Since the radiation detector, which is the main component of the radiation image receiving unit 1, is expensive, it is not possible to prepare the radiation image receiving unit 1 individually to cope with different imaging, or to incorporate all of the radiation image receiving units 1 into the ICU bed. Increases costs.
[0012]
(C) Since the top plate of the bed of the ICU is not of a uniform planar shape, extra movement is required at the lower part of the top plate to continuously move the radiation receiving section 1 along the top plate, for example, by an operator's hand. Space is needed.
[0013]
(D) As another problem from these viewpoints, when a grid is used for the radiation image receiving unit 1 and the side surface is photographed while the grid is stationary, the pixel pitch of the radiation detector and the lead foil of the grid are not used. Moire due to the arrangement pitch occurs on the radiation image.
[0014]
(E) It is necessary to avoid as much as possible to forcibly move an emergency patient or a critically ill patient lying on the ICU bed to the table 5 of the table 2, and photograph a patient lying on the ICU bed. Therefore, it is necessary to dispose the radiation image receiving unit 1 also on the bed of the ICU.
[0015]
An object of the present invention is to solve some or all of the above-mentioned problems, and to provide an inexpensive imaging table with a radiation receiving unit that can easily perform imaging from a plurality of different directions.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A radiographic image receiving table with a radiation receiving unit according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a lying table having a top plate for lying down on a subject, a radiation receiving unit movably located below the top plate , Guide means for guiding the radiation image receiving portion in the short direction or the longitudinal direction of the top plate, erecting means having a function of erecting the radiation image receiving portion in a vertical direction, and a support table for supporting the recumbent, The support base supports the radiation image receiving portion and the guide means, and has a movable support plate that can be tilted vertically at both ends, and the guide means guides the radiation image receiving portion onto the movable support plate. And
Further, the imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to the present invention, a lying table having a top plate for lying down the subject, a radiation image receiving unit movably located below the top plate, and the radiation image receiving unit Guide means for guiding the top plate in the short direction or long direction, erecting means having a function of erecting the radiation image receiving section in the vertical direction, and a support stand separate from the recumbent, Is provided with a movable support plate that supports the radiation image receiving section and the guide means and is capable of tilting in the vertical direction at both ends, and the guide means guides the radiation image receiving section on the movable support plate .
Further, the radiographic table with the radiation image receiving section according to the present invention is a bedside table having a top plate for lying down on the subject, a radiation image receiving section movably located below the top panel, and the radiation image receiving section. A guide means for guiding the top plate in the short direction or the long direction, and an erecting means having a function of erecting the radiation image receiving unit in a vertical direction, and the radiation image receiving unit converts the radiation into electric charges corresponding to the intensity thereof. It has a radiation detector in which solid-state detection elements to be converted are arranged two-dimensionally, a signal reading circuit for reading a signal from the radiation detector, and a grid for preventing incidence of scattered radiation on the radiation detector. The grid has lead foils arranged in a predetermined direction, and is erected by the erecting means .
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a side view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view. The imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit is a limb, a head, an abdomen, etc. of a subject. The X-ray image receiving unit 11 for photographing the subject is mounted via a moving mechanism 13 on a table 12 which is a lying table on which the subject can be reclined. The X-ray image receiving unit 11 has a built-in X-ray detector and a signal reading circuit (not shown), and the signal reading circuit is connected to a signal processing unit via a cable (not shown). The table 12 includes a support table 14 that can be arranged on a floor such as a photographing room, and a top plate 16 that is horizontally supported above the support table 14 by four pillars 15 at four corners. , A carbon plate or the like.
[0018]
In the moving mechanism 13, a fixed rail base 17 is fixed to substantially the center of the support base 14 in the longitudinal direction of the top board 16 in the longitudinal direction of the top board 16, and the movable base 18 is fixed to the fixed rail base 17 in the short direction of the top board 16. It is movably mounted in a certain A direction. A support shaft 19 is supported on one end side of the moving table 18 in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 16, and the support shaft 19 supports both surfaces on one end side of the X-ray image receiving unit 11. A bearing member (not shown) such as a rolling bearing or a slide bearing is interposed between the X-ray image receiving portion 11 and the support shaft 19, and the X-ray image receiving portion 11 has an angle of 90 degrees in the B direction between the horizontal position and the vertical position. Rotation is possible.
[0019]
When photographing the front or back of the subject, the photographer pushes the moving table 18 below the top 16 with the X-ray image receiving unit 11 horizontal. Then, the subject is laid on the top 16, X-rays are projected from above the top 16, and images are taken by the X-ray image receiving unit 11 positioned below the top 16.
[0020]
When photographing the side of the subject, the photographer pushes the movable table 18 in the direction A to expose the X-ray image receiving unit 11 from below the top 16 as shown by the broken line. Next, the X-ray image receiving unit 11 is rotated in the direction B about the support shaft 19 to be vertically raised. Then, X-rays are projected from the side of the subject, and the X-rays are captured by the X-ray image receiving unit 11 standing on the side of the top board 16.
[0021]
As described above, in the first embodiment, since the photographer can guide to the desired position and change the posture to the desired position without removing the X-ray image receiving unit 11 from the table 12, the subject can be moved from a plurality of different directions. You can easily shoot. In addition, the X-ray image receiving unit 11 is moved stepwise to a desired position, that is, vertically moved and then vertically raised, or horizontally moved after being horizontally moved. The space can be narrowed, and the whole is not enlarged. If a moving mechanism (not shown) that moves the moving mechanism 13 in the longitudinal direction of the top 16 is provided, the entire side surface of the subject can be easily photographed.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the use of a grid for preventing X-ray scattering, and the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same members. An X-ray detector 21 and a grid 22 are incorporated in the X-ray receiving unit 11 ′, and a tube 23 that emits X-rays is provided movably above the top plate 16. In the grid 22, a plurality of strip-shaped lead foils 22a are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined uniform interval d, and the arrangement direction of the lead foils 22a is aligned with the short direction of the top plate 16. Aligned the body axis S ₀ direction of the longitudinal and the subject S of one lead foil 22a, the preferred positional relationship clinical picture is maintained.
[0023]
The X-rays that have entered the subject S from the tube 23 enter the grid 22 after passing through the top 16, and reach the X-ray detector 21 with the scattered radiation removed by the grid 22. At this time, if the grid 22 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 16, the position of the lead foil 22a in the short direction of the top plate 16 does not change, so that the lead foil 22a appears in the image. For this reason, it is necessary to move, for example, swing, the grid 22 in the direction A, which is the short direction of the top 16 in FIG.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 4, when the X-ray receiving unit 11 ′ is located at a position where the side surface of the subject S is imaged, the longitudinal direction of the lead foil 22 a matches the direction of the body axis S ₀ of the subject S, The X-ray image receiving unit 11 'maintains a preferable state. When imaging the side surface of the whole body of the subject S, the tube 23 and the X-ray image receiving unit 11 'are simultaneously moved. In order to hold the grid 22 at a vertical position with respect to the longitudinal direction of the top plate 16 and simultaneously move them along the longitudinal direction of the lead foil 22a, that is, the longitudinal direction of the top plate 16, to swing the grid 22 in the direction of gravity, In the longitudinal direction of the top 16, it is not necessary to accurately hold the tube 23 at a position perpendicular to the X-ray image receiving unit 11 ′, so that the imaging operation is facilitated.
[0025]
When adjusting the vertical position of the X-ray image receiving unit 11 ′ with respect to the subject S, a spacer 24 having a predetermined thickness is interposed between the top 16 and the subject S, A moving mechanism (not shown) for moving the X-ray image receiving unit 11 'in the vertical direction may be provided. Since this adjustment operation may be performed before photographing, photographing can be performed continuously.
[0026]
FIG. 5 is a side view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit in the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a plan view with a part thereof cut away, and FIG. 7 is a front view, and the X-ray image receiving unit 31 moves to a table 32. It is supported via a mechanism 33. The X-ray image receiving unit 31 and the table 32 are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the table 32, a top board 36 is supported on a support 34 via a support 35.
[0027]
In the moving mechanism 33, a fixed rail base 37 is fixed to the upper surface of the support base 34 in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 36, and a movable base 38 is incorporated in the fixed rail base 37 so as to be movable in the C direction. A support shaft 39 is erected on the upper surface of one end of the moving table 38, and a turntable 40 is mounted on the support shaft 39 so as to be rotatable in the D direction. The turntable 40 has a flat T-shape, and a support shaft 39 is fitted into a hole at one end of the T-shaped horizontally long portion 40 a of the turntable 40. A support shaft 41 is provided in the T-shaped vertically long portion 40b of the turntable 40 in parallel with the horizontally long portion 40a, and both ends of the support shaft 41 are fitted into holes of the projecting portions 31a on both sides of the X-ray image receiving portion 31. The X-ray image receiving section 31 is rotatable in the E direction between the horizontal position and the vertical position.
[0028]
When photographing the front or back of the subject, the photographer positions the X-ray image receiving unit 31 below the top plate 36. On the other hand, when photographing the side of the subject, the photographer rotates the X-ray image receiving unit 31 by 90 degrees in the lateral direction of the turntable 40 and the top plate 36 to expose the X-ray image receiving unit 31 from below the top plate 36. Let it. Next, the X-ray receiving unit 31 is erected 90 degrees in the vertical direction. Then, the side of the whole body of the subject is imaged while moving the standing X-ray image receiving section 31 together with the moving table 38 in the longitudinal direction of the top board 36. The second embodiment can achieve the same effects as the first embodiment, and can photograph the entire side surface of the subject.
[0029]
FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating the use of a grid for preventing X-ray scattering. An X-ray image receiving unit 31 ′ accommodates a grid 22 with an X-ray detector 21 similar to that of the first embodiment. Have been. When the X-ray image receiving unit 31 ′ is at a position where the side surface of the subject S is imaged, the longitudinal direction of the lead foil 22 a of the grid 22 differs from the F direction which is the moving direction of the grid 22 by 90 degrees.
[0030]
Therefore, it is preferable that the grid 22 move in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 36, for example, swing. Here, it is not necessary to strictly align the X-ray image receiving unit 31 ′ with the subject S in the vertical direction. On the other hand, it is necessary to relatively accurately position the tube 23 with respect to the X-ray image receiving portion 31 ′ in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 36. Therefore, instead of moving the X-ray image receiving unit 31 ′ in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 36 to change the imaging location, the top plate 36 may be moved in the longitudinal direction. Becomes easier.
[0031]
In the above-described first and second embodiments, the postures of the X-ray image receiving units 11 and 31 have been described as being converted to a substantially vertical position. However, the positions are not necessarily limited to the vertical direction. If the posture of the subject S is displaced to an angle that is not a right angle with respect to the top boards 16 and 36, the subject S can be photographed from an oblique direction without being inclined with respect to the top boards 16 and 36.
[0032]
FIG. 9 is a side view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit according to the third embodiment. A radiation image receiving unit 51 is movably supported on a bed 52 of the ICU via a moving mechanism 53. A top plate 56 is supported on a horizontal portion 54a of a support 54 of the bed 52 via a column 45, and wheels 57 are provided at lower ends of legs 54b of the support 54, so that the bed 52 is movable. . In a space 58 surrounded by the legs 54b of the support 54, a respiratory assist device such as an oxygen cylinder and a measuring device such as an electrocardiograph can be mounted.
[0033]
The top plate 56 has a fixed top plate 59 positioned at the center in the longitudinal direction, and a movable top plate 62 supported at both ends of the fixed top plate 59 via hinges 60 and 61 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. 63, and the movable top plates 62 and 63 can be fixed at an arbitrary angle. The moving mechanism 53 also includes a fixed rail base 64 located at the center and movable rail bases 67 and 68 supported at both ends of the fixed rail base 64 via hinges 65 and 66 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The movable rail bases 67 and 68 can also be fixed at an arbitrary angle.
[0034]
When the fixed top board 59 and the movable top boards 62 and 63 form a horizontal plane, the fixed rail base 64 and the movable rail bases 67 and 68 also form a horizontal plane, and the radiation image receiving unit 51 is placed below the movable top boards 62 and 63. It can be moved.
[0035]
On the other hand, when imaging the subject's upper body, for example, the movable top plate 62 on which the subject's upper body is located stands upright by about 45 °, and the radiation image receiving section 51 is moved to the movable rail base as shown by a broken line. The movable rail base 67 is rotated and fixed so as to be parallel to the movable top plate 62.
[0036]
Also in the third embodiment, the photographer can photograph the subject from different directions without removing the radiation receiving section 51 from the bed 52. Further, since the radiation receiving section 51 is moved only in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 56, the space 69 between the support 54 and the top plate 56 can be narrowed. At this time, as in the first and second embodiments, if the radiation image receiving unit 51 is configured to be movable in the short direction of the top plate 56 so as to be able to stand up, side photography is also possible.
[0037]
FIG. 10 is a side view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a front view. The X-ray image receiving unit 71, a bed 72, and a moving mechanism 73 are provided. 74, a support 75, a top plate 76, and wheels 77 are provided. The top plate 76 is provided with a fixed top plate 78, hinges 79 and 80, and movable top plates 81 and 82. One side of the top plate 76 is supported by two columns 75.
[0038]
Here, the X-ray image receiving unit 71 and the moving mechanism 73 are supported by a second support 83 that is separate from the bed 72. The second support 83 can be inserted into and removed from the bed 72. The second support 83 can be inserted into and removed from the horizontal part 83 a of the support 74 of the bed 72, and the leg part 74 b of the support 74 of the bed 72 can be removed. And a wheel 84 attached to the lower ends of these legs 83b. The moving mechanism 73 is installed on the horizontal portion 83a of the second support 83, and the moving mechanism 73 is connected to the fixed rail base 85, the hinges 86, 87, and the movable rail bases 88, 89 similar to the third embodiment. It is configured.
[0039]
In the fourth embodiment, the second support 83 is moved to position the X-ray image receiving unit 71 below the top plate 76 only when imaging a subject lying on the top plate 76. It is not necessary to incorporate the X-ray image receiving unit 71 into the table 72 from the beginning.
[0040]
In addition, in the present embodiment, when moving the grid within the X-ray image receiving unit 71 to perform imaging, the relative position between the support 74 on which the subject is mounted and the support 83 on which the X-ray image receiving unit 71 is mounted is determined. If the grid is shifted, the captured image may be degraded. For example, it is necessary to fix the supports 74 and 83 to each other using the lock mechanism 90 so that the relative position does not shift when the grid is moved. The fixing by the lock mechanism 90 is desirably performed at positions near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal portion 74a of the support base 74.
[0041]
In the case of photographing without moving the grid or photographing without using the grid, it is not always necessary to provide a fixing means such as the lock mechanism 90.
[0042]
In the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the X-ray image receiving units 11, 11 ', 31, 31' 51, and 71 having a built-in X-ray detector are used, but the radiographic film or the stimulable phosphor is used. Even if a cassette containing a sheet is employed, the same effect can be achieved in terms of ease of operation and the like.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the imaging stand with the radiation image receiving section according to the present invention includes the guide means for guiding the radiation image receiving section in the short or longitudinal direction of the top plate, and the erecting means for erecting the radiation image receiving section in the vertical direction. Therefore, the photographer does not need to carry the conventional radiation receiving section by hand without any guidance, and can easily perform photographing from a plurality of different directions. Further, as in the case of the conventional cassette, imaging can be performed from a plurality of different directions by a single radiation image receiving unit, so that manufacturing and operation costs are reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the use of a grid.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the use of a grid.
FIG. 5 is a side view of an imaging table with an X-ray image receiving unit according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway plan view.
FIG. 7 is a front view.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating the use of a grid.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the third embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a side view of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a front view.
FIG. 12 is a side view of a conventional example.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a conventional example.
FIG. 14 is a side view of another conventional example.
FIG. 15 is a front view of another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
11, 11 ', 31, 31', 51, 71 X-ray image receiving unit 12, 32 Table 13, 33, 53, 73 Moving mechanism 14, 34, 54, 74 Support base 16, 36, 56, 76 Top plate 17, 37, 64, 85 Fixed rail table 18, 38 Moving table 40 Rotating table 52, 72 Bed 62, 63, 81, 82 Movable top plate 67, 68, 88, 89 Movable rail table 83 Second support table 90 Lock mechanism S Subject

Claims

A table having a top plate for lying down on a subject, a radiation image receiving portion movably located below the top plate , and guide means for guiding the radiation image receiving portion in a short direction or a longitudinal direction of the top plate And erecting means having a function of erecting the radiation image receiving section in a vertical direction, and a support table for supporting the recumbent table, the support table supporting the radiation image receiving section and the guide means, and being vertically at both ends. An imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit , comprising: a movable support plate capable of tilting in a direction, wherein the guide unit guides the radiation image receiving unit onto the movable support plate .

A table having a top plate for lying down on a subject, a radiation receiving unit movably located below the top plate, and guide means for guiding the radiation receiving unit in a short direction or a longitudinal direction of the top plate And erecting means having a function of erecting the radiation image receiving section in a vertical direction, and a support stand separate from the recumbent, the support stand supporting the radiation image receiving section and the guide means and both ends. A movable support plate capable of tilting in a vertical direction, and the guide means guides the radiation image receiving unit onto the movable support plate .

A table having a top plate for lying down on a subject, a radiation image receiving portion movably located below the top plate, and guide means for guiding the radiation image receiving portion in a short direction or a longitudinal direction of the top plate And erecting means having a function of erecting the radiation image receiving portion in a vertical direction, wherein the radiation image receiving portion has a two-dimensionally arranged solid state detecting element for converting radiation into electric charges corresponding to the intensity of the radiation. , A signal reading circuit for reading signals from the radiation detector, and a grid for preventing incidence of scattered radiation on the radiation detector, the grid having a lead foil arranged in a predetermined direction. And a radiographic stand with a radiation image receiving unit , wherein the radiographic stand is raised by the raising means .

4. The imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 1, 2, or 3 , wherein the guiding unit guides the radiation image receiving unit in both a short direction and a long direction of the top plate. 5.

It said upright means radiation image receiving portion with the imaging table according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 erecting by rotating the radiation image receiving portion.

The imaging stand with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 5, wherein the erecting unit elevates the radiation image receiving unit by approximately 90 degrees.

The top plate is radiation image receiving portion with the imaging table according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 with a movable top plate that the subject tiltable vertically supported in cooperation with the top plate at both ends thereof.

The imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 3 , wherein the radiation image receiving unit includes a grid moving unit that moves the grid in a predetermined direction.

9. The imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 8 , wherein the moving direction of the grid in the radiation image receiving unit raised by the erecting unit is a horizontal direction.

The imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 8 , wherein a moving direction of the grid in the radiation image receiving unit raised by the erecting unit is a vertical direction.

The imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 3 , wherein a direction in which the grids of the grid are vertically arranged in the radiation image receiving unit that is erected by the erecting unit is a vertical direction.

The imaging table with a radiation image receiving unit according to claim 2 , further comprising a lock unit for fixing the lying table and the support table.