JP2003010164A - X-ray equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray equipment easy in positioning a picture device and an X-ray tube device, small in an installation space, large in a moving range of the picture device, short in a distance between a subject and the picture device, having a small enlargement ratio, capable of radiographing the subject without moving the subject, and requiring no burden to the subject. SOLUTION: This X-ray equipment has a table 11 as a radiography table (a bed) 2 for placing the subject, a table support device 4 for inclining and vertically moving the table 11 by a Y directional shaft at a right angle to the X direction being the lengthwise direction of the bed 2, an X-ray irradiator 3 above the bed 2, and an X-ray imaging device under the table 11, and has a rail and a moving driving means for movably suspending the X-ray irradiator 3 in the XY both directions of the bed 2, and uses a scintillator for converting an X-ray dose into a light signal, and a planar X-ray detector 20 for converting the light signal into an electric signal for the X-ray imaging device, and is constituted by movably installing the detector 20 in the XY directions under the table over the whole surface except for an installing part of the table support device 4.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a medical examination for obtaining an X-ray image by laying a subject on the subject and irradiating the subject with an X-ray. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus, and more particularly to an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of quickly and accurately moving a video apparatus for obtaining an X-ray image over a wide range and expanding an imaging area. 2. Description of the Related Art X-ray imaging apparatuses have conventionally been used for imaging for the purpose of early detection of diseases and the like. However, in recent years, with the advancement of medicine, there has been a growing demand not only to make a diagnosis but also to take an image of a treatment affected part in order to confirm a treatment state during treatment, and the X-ray imaging apparatus responds to the imaging of the treatment affected part. It became necessary. [0003] In such X-ray imaging, if the person is relatively healthy, the subject can move his body, and there is no problem even if the table on which the subject is placed is moved. However, in the state during the treatment, there is a case where there is another treatment instrument and the subject cannot move. In such a state, it is desired that the X-ray irradiator and the X-ray image capturing device be moved and the image taken quickly without moving the subject as much as possible. However, the conventional X-ray imaging apparatus includes an X-ray tube apparatus that emits X-rays for irradiating an imaging part of the subject lying on a fluoroscopic table, and an X-ray tube apparatus for imaging the subject. An imaging device that detects X-rays radiated to the site and transmitted through the affected part of the subject and detects a transmitted image is integrally moved by a support or the like and moved. For this reason, if the X-ray tube device is to be supported at a high position, the columns must be rugged. If the X-ray tube device is supported at a high position, inertia increases when the X-ray tube device is moved, and position control is performed. There is a problem that the distance between the X-ray tube device and the video device cannot be made large because of the difficulty in performing such operations. For this reason,
There was a problem that the subject could not be imaged quickly during treatment. In recent years, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-275941, an X-ray tube apparatus for emitting X-rays for irradiating an imaging part of a subject lying on a fluoroscopic table is provided above the fluoroscopic table. A separate and independent X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus has been developed which is separated from the X-ray tube apparatus and separate and independent from an image apparatus provided on a fluoroscopic table. In this separation-type X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, an X-ray tube apparatus is attached to the tip of a column which can be vertically extended and contracted, and the object is placed on a fluoroscopic table by vertically extending and retracting the column. The X-ray tube apparatus is moved closer to or away from the imaging part of the examiner, and two rails are passed in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table by a flat mounting base fixed to the end of the support. It is configured to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table and to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table on two rails extending in the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table 2. Further, an image device (I) for converting data of an X-ray image formed by X-rays irradiated on an imaging part of the subject lying on a lower part of a table of a fluoroscopic imaging table configured to be able to be tilted into visible light. .I.) Are provided so as to be movable independently of the X-ray tube apparatus in the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table and in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table. As described above, the X-ray tube apparatus can freely operate irrespective of the fluoroscopy table (image apparatus II) (irrespective of the movement of the image apparatus II). Normally, the X-ray is automatically moved to a position relative to the center of the imaging apparatus in accordance with the raising and lowering of the fluoroscopic imaging table operated by the operator operating the X-ray imaging apparatus and the movement of the imaging apparatus (II). The tube device is controlled to move. [0008] As described above, the conventional separation-independent X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus is an image intensifier as an image apparatus for converting an X-ray image transmitted through a subject into an optical image. (II). This I. I.
Is a kind of vacuum tube, so that the data of the X-ray image formed by the X-rays radiated to the imaging region of the subject lying on the bed is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. The data of the X-ray image desired to be irradiated with the X-rays (the range in which the X-ray is to be taken) is not the same as the range a (the entire area of II) shown in FIG. In the case of a range b within the range S shown in FIG. 4 having a small area, there is no problem if the center of the X-ray tube device is slightly shifted, but the center of the X-ray tube device is moved to the position shown in FIG.
Is shifted to the position shown in the range c in the range S shown in FIG.
I. Is formed in a circular shape, so that there is a problem that a range in which photographing is not possible occurs as shown by a hatched portion c1 in a range c in the range S shown in FIG. In order to cover an area that cannot be photographed, such as a shaded portion c1 in a range c in the range S shown in FIG. I. Alignment by moving the X-ray tube apparatus to the left or right or the X-ray tube apparatus is required. However, it is difficult to position the X-ray tube device and the image device so as not to enter the hatched portion c1 in the range c in the range S shown in FIG. That is,
It is difficult to control the position so as to enter the end of the circle a in the range S shown in FIG.
I. However, due to the large size and large inertia, the operation takes a lot of time. If the positioning time is long, there is a problem that when it is desired to follow the movement of a contrast agent such as a value given to the subject, the photographing timing is missed and accurate photographing cannot be performed. Further, a conventional separation type X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus is
As a video device, I.P. I. Is installed, and this I.I. I.
Is to convert an X-ray image transmitted through a subject into an optical image and visualize the X-ray image. The X-ray image contains an X-ray film as needed, and the I.V. I. A quick-shot device that moves over the camera and shoots images is required. In a conventional separation-type fluoroscopy apparatus, this flash photography apparatus is an I.D. I. Are provided adjacent to each other. As described above, the conventional X-ray tube separation type X-ray imaging apparatus has a large I.D. I. In addition to the above, the continuous shooting device is provided in series, so that the installation space becomes large and the moving range (X
(−Y direction) cannot be made large, and there is a problem that the photographing area is limited, and the photographing area cannot be further enlarged. Further, I.I. I. Is large, and a space for mounting a film holder for taking an X-ray image on an X-ray film is provided by a bed and an I.P. I. Therefore, the distance between the subject and the imaging device is long. For this reason,
There is a limit to shortening the distance between the subject and the imaging device to reduce the magnification. For this reason, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a clearer image than the present. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to facilitate alignment of an image apparatus and an X-ray tube apparatus, to provide a small space for installation and a large moving range of the image apparatus, and to shorten a distance between a subject and the image apparatus. Provided is an X-ray imaging apparatus in which an X-ray tube and an X-ray imaging apparatus that can reduce an enlargement ratio, can perform imaging without moving a subject, and do not impose a burden on the subject are separated. It is in. [0013] In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a table of a bed on which a subject is placed and a direction perpendicular to an X direction which is a longitudinal direction of the bed. A table support device having a function of tilting the table along the axis in the Y direction and moving the table up and down; an X-ray irradiator positioned above the bed on the subject side at a distance from the table upper surface; And a rail for moving the X-ray irradiator so as to be movable in both the X and Y directions of the bed, and an X-ray irradiator for moving along the rail. A scintillator having driving means and converting an X-ray dose transmitted through the subject into an optical signal, and a planar shape converting an optical signal output from the scintillator into an electric signal; Using a flat X-ray detector formed in
The line detector is mounted so as to be movable in the X and Y directions below the table over the entire surface except for the mounting portion of the table support device below the table. With such a configuration, according to the present invention, the positioning of the image apparatus and the X-ray tube apparatus is easy, and
The installation space is small and the moving range of the imaging device can be large, the distance between the subject and the imaging device can be shortened, the magnification can be reduced, and the imaging can be performed without moving the subject. It does not impose a burden on people. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, an X-ray tube separated X-ray imaging apparatus 1 is shown.
Is composed of a fluoroscopic table (bed) 2 and an X-ray tube apparatus (X-ray irradiator) 3. The fluoroscopic table 2 and the X-ray tube apparatus 3
It is cut out and formed to constitute a separate and independent X-ray imaging apparatus. The X-ray tube apparatus 3 emits X-rays for irradiating an imaging part of the subject lying on the fluoroscopic table 2 and is provided above the fluoroscopic table 2 separately from the X-ray tube apparatus 3. Have been. Then, the X-ray tube device 3 has an arrow Z
The X-ray tube device 3 is attached to the tip of a column 4 which can be extended and contracted in the Z direction as shown in FIG. Move closer and further away. A flat mounting base 5 is fixed to the end of the support 4. This mounting base 5
Is sandwiched between two Y-axis rails 6 and 7 extending in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table 2, and the Y-direction is indicated on the Y-axis rails 6 and 7 as indicated by an arrow Y. (For example, a rotatable roller is provided on the side of the mounting base 5 that is sandwiched between the Y-axis rails 6 and 7) (a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic table 2). Therefore, the X-ray tube device 3 attached to the tip of the column 4 fixed to the attachment base 5 can be moved in the Y direction by the two Y-axis rails 6 and 7. The two Y-axis rails 6 and 7 are sandwiched between two X-axis rails 8 and 9 extending in the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic table 2. 9
The upper part is configured to be movable in the X direction (the longitudinal direction of the perspective imaging table 2) (for example, a rotatable roller is provided at a position sandwiched between the X-axis rails 8, 9 of the Y-axis rails 6, 7). .
Therefore, the X-ray tube device 3 attached to the tip of the support 4 fixed to the attachment base 5 sandwiched between the Y-axis rails 6 and 7 is indicated by an arrow X by two X-axis rails 8 and 9. It can be moved in the X direction. On the other hand, the fluoroscopy table 2 has a table 11 on which a subject rests supported by legs 10 arranged on the floor. The table 11 is configured to be able to be turned upside down by the legs 10. A flat X-ray detector 20 is provided below the table 11. The planar X-ray detector 20 includes a scintillator that converts an X-ray dose transmitted through a subject into an optical signal, and a chip-shaped flat plate that converts an optical signal output from the scintillator into an electric signal. This is an X-ray image pickup device in which a large number of photodetectors are arranged in a plane matrix, and the photodetectors are converted into digital signals corresponding to the irradiated X-ray amount and output. The moving mechanism (XY direction) of the flat X-ray detector 20 housed under the table 11 has a structure as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the top plate of the table 11 for holding a human body is removed. In the figure, a table 11 of a fluoroscopic table 2 is shown.
A vertically movable frame 32 movable in the X direction (the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table 2) is provided in the support frame 31. A chain 33 is fixed to an end of the vertical movement frame 32. The chain 33 is configured to be rotatable by a vertical movement motor 35 fixed to the support frame 31 via a sprocket 34. Accordingly, the vertical movement frame 32 is driven by the rotation of the vertical movement motor 35 fixed to the support frame 31 and the sprocket 34 and the chain 3 provided on the output shaft.
The vertical movement frame 32 can be moved in the X direction (the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table 2) via the control unit 3. A flat X-ray detector 20 is movably transferred to a vertical movement frame 32 provided on a support frame 31 of the table 11 in a Y direction (a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopy table 2). It is provided. This flat X-ray detector 20
Although not clearly shown in the figure, a horizontal movement frame is passed to the vertical movement frame 32, and the flat X-ray detector 20 is mounted on the horizontal movement frame. A chain 36 is fixed to an end of the horizontal moving frame. This chain 3
Numeral 6 is configured to be rotatable by a lateral movement motor 38 fixed to the vertical movement frame 32 via a sprocket 37. Therefore, the flat type X-ray detector 20 has the vertical movement frame 3
The flat X-ray detector 20 is rotated in a Y direction (a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluoroscopic imaging table 2) via a sprocket 37 and a chain 36 provided on an output shaft by rotation of a lateral movement motor 38 fixed to the output shaft 2. Can be moved. Such a fluoroscopic imaging table 2 is equipped with a rectangular flat X-ray detector 20 as an image system, and the flat X-ray detector 20 captures an image of a subject lying down. The data of the X-ray image formed by the X-ray radiated to the site is
It becomes a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. Since the range (field of view) for detecting the X-ray image formed by the X-rays radiated from the X-ray tube apparatus 3 in the image system is rectangular, the flat X-ray detector 20 is used. In the case of a range e within the range T shown in FIG. 3 having an area of about 1/4 instead of the entire surface T of the flat X-ray detector 20, a small field of view is usually at the center position of the flat X-ray detector 20. e. Then, the data of the X-ray image of the currently acquired imaging part of the subject lying on the bed (a range e within a range T shown in FIG. 3).
When obtaining the X-ray image data (range f in the range T shown in FIG. 3) shifted to the upper right direction from the position, the X-ray tube device 3 is shifted by the data amount of the X-ray image shifted to the upper right direction. Using the Y-axis rails 6 and 7 and the X-axis rails 8 and 9,
It is moved in the Y direction, the position information corresponding to the movement is sent to the processing portion of the flat X-ray detector 20, and the information of the portion aligned with the center of the X-ray tube device 3 is detected and an image is displayed. A range f within the range T shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. Since the field of view obtained by the flat X-ray detector 20 is rectangular, imaging in a small rectangle is possible. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the center of the X-ray tube apparatus 3 and the center of the image system are raised by combining the X-ray tube separation type X-ray imaging apparatus 1 with the flat X-ray detector 20. When it is shifted in the direction, the center distance of the X-ray tube apparatus 3 from the upper end of the fluoroscopy table can be considerably shortened as compared with the conventional model. This has a great advantage, and the vertical movement range of the video system can be substantially increased. Further, according to the present embodiment, with respect to the mobility in the left-right direction, when the flat X-ray detector 20 is used in the image system, a stroke larger than the range in which the X-ray image pickup device is moved left and right is taken. When the X-ray image capturing apparatus is restricted or the lateral movement of the X-ray image capturing apparatus is restricted, the X-ray tube apparatus 3 is shifted left and right to shift the center of the X-ray tube apparatus 3 left and right to take a larger image. A substantial left-right movement stroke can be secured. Conventionally, when the subject moves out of the field of view, such as when moving to the left or right, it was necessary to return to the center of the imaging table one by one, and sometimes the timing of imaging was missed. According to the embodiment, since the range of the left-right movement can be artificially increased, it is possible to take a picture without missing a photographing timing, for example, when a contrast agent is being supplied. Further, according to the present embodiment, the center of the X-ray tube apparatus 3 can be brought closer to the subject than the conventional apparatus, so that the operator, such as an endoscope, an IVR, etc. When operating on the side of the person, the operation can be performed in a more comfortable position. As described above, according to the present invention,
Even if only the center position of the X-ray tube apparatus is shifted without moving the subject, it is possible to take an image of a place where imaging is desired.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration perspective view showing an embodiment of a fluoroscopic imaging table according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing a moving mechanism of a flat X-ray detector housed in a table shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view for explaining an imaging field of view when the perspective imaging table shown in FIG. 1 is used. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a visual field in a conventional video system. [Description of Signs] 1. X-ray tube separation type X-ray imaging apparatus 2 ... X-ray tube 3 ... Apparatus 4 Support column 5 Mounting base 6, 7 Y-axis rail 8, 9 X-axis rail 11 Table 20 Table X-ray detector 31 Support frame 32 Vertical movement frame 33 ... Chain 34 ... Sprocket 35 ... Vertical motor 36 ... Chain 37 ... Sprocket 38 ...... Horizontal movement motor

Claims (1)

Claims 1. A table for a bet on which a subject is to be placed, and the table is tilted about an axis in a Y direction which is a direction perpendicular to an X direction which is a longitudinal direction of the bet. A table support device having a function of raising and lowering
An X-ray imaging apparatus having an X-ray irradiator positioned above the table on the subject side at a distance from the upper surface of the table and an X-ray image capturing apparatus positioned below the table, wherein the X-ray irradiator is provided. A rail for movably lowering the bed in both directions of the X direction and the Y direction, and a driving means for moving along the rails. A scintillator that converts a dose into an optical signal, and a planar X-ray detector that is formed in a planar shape that converts an optical signal output from the scintillator into an electric signal. An X-ray imaging apparatus characterized in that the table is mounted so as to be movable in the X and Y directions at the lower part of the table over the entire surface except for the mounting part of the lower table support device.