JP3586140B2 - Electric vehicle air brake device and air brake method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric vehicle air brake, and more particularly to an electric vehicle air brake device and an air brake method capable of improving brake control accuracy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, a mechanical brake and an electric brake are used for a brake device of an electric vehicle. The mechanical brake uses an air brake that uses friction force by suppressing the brakes on the wheels with pneumatic force.The electric brake uses a drive motor as a generator, and the generated power is a resistor. And a power regenerative brake that supplies power to an AC bus via another powering vehicle or a regenerative substation by returning generated power to a train line.
[0003]
Electric brakes and air brakes have different braking characteristics with respect to the speed of an electric car.Electric brakes have low braking power in high and low speed ranges of electric vehicles, and electric regenerative braking loses braking power when there is no regenerative load. Sometimes. For this reason, an electropneumatic brake that uses both an electric brake and a pneumatic brake is used.
[0004]
In the electropneumatic brake, the braking force between the electric brake and the air brake is controlled by operating one brake valve handle. Generally, the braking force is secured by the electric brake, and the braking force insufficient by the electric brake is reduced by the air brake. The supplementary method is adopted.
[0005]
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional air brake device for an electric vehicle described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-12831. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a brake command means such as a brake valve, which issues a brake command 1a for obtaining a predetermined deceleration. Reference numeral 2 denotes an electric brake control unit which outputs an electric brake command 2a and an electric brake torque signal 2b. A driving motor 3 generates an electric braking force according to an electric brake command 2a. Reference numeral 4 denotes an air brake control unit which outputs an electric signal 4a corresponding to the air brake force. Reference numeral 5 denotes an electropneumatic conversion valve which converts the air into compressed air having a predetermined pressure corresponding to the electric signal 4a from the air brake control means 4.
[0006]
In some cases, although not shown, a pressure sensor that detects the output of the electropneumatic conversion valve and feeds it back to the air brake control means 4 may be provided at the outlet of the electropneumatic conversion valve 5. The air brake control means 4 can precisely control the pressure by this signal. Reference numeral 6 denotes a relay valve that amplifies the capacity of the output of the electropneumatic conversion valve and improves the response of the brake cylinder pressure. Reference numeral 7 denotes a brake cylinder that generates an air braking force by the compressed air from the relay valve 6.
[0007]
Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 3, when the braking force shared by the electric brake control means 2 with respect to the brake command 1a is insufficient, the air brake control means 4 outputs an electric signal 4a corresponding to the air braking force sharing the insufficient amount. . Then, the electric signal 4 a is converted into predetermined compressed air by the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 and supplied to the air brake cylinder 7 via the relay valve 6. As a result, the brake cylinder 7 generates the air braking force, and the required deceleration is obtained. In the case where the air brake control device detects the sliding of the wheel and performs the re-adhesion control, an anti-skid valve is disposed after the relay valve 6 (not shown) so that the brake cylinder pressure can be directly controlled during the sliding of the wheel. And
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the conventional air brake device for an electric vehicle is configured as described above, the control accuracy of the brake cylinder pressure is reduced, and a new anti-skid valve must be added when performing skid control. There was a point.
[0009]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to improve control accuracy and responsiveness of a brake cylinder by directly controlling a brake cylinder pressure, and also to share a function of an anti-skid valve for skid control. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive electric vehicle air brake device and air brake method by making it possible.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An air brake device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a brake command means for issuing a brake command, an air brake control means for commanding an air braking force based on an output of the brake command means, and compressed air supplied from an air reservoir. A relay valve, a brake cylinder that generates air braking force by compressed air, and a relay valve that is provided between the relay valve and the brake cylinder, and controls the pressure of the compressed air to the brake cylinder based on the output of the air brake control means. It includes an electropneumatic conversion valve that is directly controlled, and a service brake solenoid valve provided at an input portion of the relay valve so that the output of the relay valve is enabled during service brake .
[0014]
In addition, the electropneumatic conversion valve allows the brake cylinder pressure to be released when the brake is loosened.
[0015]
Further, a pressure regulating valve is provided at an input portion of the service brake solenoid valve, and the output of the relay valve has a predetermined pressure at the time of service brake .
[0016]
The solenoid valve also functions as an emergency brake solenoid valve.
[0017]
Further, the pressure regulating valve also functions as a response load valve used for emergency braking.
[0018]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle air brake method, comprising: applying an air brake force to a brake cylinder based on a command from an air brake control unit for commanding an air brake force; A conversion valve is provided between the relay valve, which is supplied with compressed air from the air reservoir, and the brake cylinder, and the electropneumatic conversion valve controls the pressure of the compressed air with respect to the brake cylinder based on the output of the air brake control means. And a service brake solenoid valve is provided at the input of the relay valve so that the output of the relay valve is enabled at the time of service brake.
[0022]
In addition, the electropneumatic conversion valve allows the brake cylinder pressure to be released when the brake is loosened.
[0023]
Further, a pressure regulating valve is provided at an input portion of the service brake solenoid valve so that an output of a predetermined relay valve arbitrarily set can be made only during service brake.
[0024]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an air brake device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a brake command means such as a brake valve, which issues a brake command 1a for obtaining a predetermined deceleration. Reference numeral 2 denotes an electric brake control unit which outputs an electric brake command 2a and an electric brake torque signal 2b. A driving motor 3 generates an electric braking force according to an electric brake command 2a. Reference numeral 4 denotes an air brake control unit which outputs an electric signal 4a corresponding to the air brake force. Reference numeral 5 denotes an electropneumatic conversion valve which converts the air into compressed air having a predetermined pressure corresponding to the electric signal 4a from the air brake control means 4.
[0025]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a relay valve for amplifying the capacity for improving the response of the compressed air. Reference numeral 7 denotes a brake cylinder that generates an air braking force by the compressed air from the relay valve 6. A pressure sensor 8 converts the output 5a of the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 into an electric signal 8a and feeds it back to the air brake control means 4. The electropneumatic conversion valve 5 of the present embodiment is provided between the relay valve 6 and the brake cylinder 7, and directly controls the pressure of the compressed air for the brake cylinder 7 based on the output of the air brake control means 4. I do.
[0026]
Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 1, a brake command issued from a brake command means 1 is transmitted to an air brake control means 4 through a command line 1a. The pneumatic brake control means 4 controls the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 with a command 4a as a pneumatic brake force based on the shortage of the electric brake force generated by the electric brake control means 2.
[0027]
In order to improve the pressure control response to the brake cylinder 7 with the relay valve 6 in advance, the compressed air 6a whose air capacity has been amplified is transmitted to the electropneumatic conversion valve 5. The compressed air 6a is controlled so as to become the command 4a.
[0028]
If the electro-pneumatic conversion valve 5 itself has no control function, a pressure sensor 8 is provided, and the output of the electro-pneumatic conversion valve, that is, the brake cylinder pressure 5a is fed back to the air brake control means 4, and the feedback signal 8a is used for the purpose. The command 4a is controlled so that the pressure becomes as follows. As an example of this case, the output pressure can be adjusted by selecting the “entrain”, “maintain”, and “exhaust” modes of the output pressure using two solenoid valves provided in the electropneumatic conversion valve 5.
[0029]
In the present embodiment, even when the sliding control function is added, only the speed sensor 9 for detecting the rotation speed of the wheel needs to be added, and the brake cylinder pressure 5a is controlled by the electro-pneumatic conversion valve 5 when the wheel is sliding. Therefore, it is not necessary to newly add an anti-skid valve or the like in front of the brake cylinder 7 as in the related art. In particular, with the configuration of the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately control the brake cylinder pressure 5a while feeding back the pressure even during the sliding, so that the sliding control performance can be improved.
[0030]
When the phenomenon that the pressure of the brake cylinder 7 does not release due to an abnormality of the relay valve 6 or the like, that is, when the brake release occurs, a release valve or the like is conventionally provided, but according to this method, the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 The brake cylinder pressure can be released directly, and it is not necessary to add a new release valve or the like.
[0031]
For this reason, in the present embodiment, it is possible to directly control the brake cylinder pressure 5a without deteriorating the responsiveness of the brake, so that it is easy to add the brake loosening release function and the sliding control. Inexpensive electric vehicle brake devices can be provided, and the brake control accuracy can be improved, including during gliding control.
[0032]
Embodiment 2 FIG.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the air brake device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, a service brake solenoid valve 10 that operates only when a service brake command is issued is provided at an input portion of the relay valve 6. The solenoid valve 10 is driven by the air brake command means 4 or the brake command line 1a when the service brake is commanded. The input part of the service brake solenoid valve 10 is further provided with a pressure regulating valve 11. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0033]
Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 2, the service brake solenoid valve 10 is driven only when a service brake command is issued, and issues a command to the relay valve 6. At this time, the relay valve 6 outputs the compressed air 6a to the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 for the first time. The operation after the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 is the same as in the first embodiment. Note that an emergency brake solenoid valve (not shown) may be used as the solenoid valve 10.
[0034]
The pressure regulating valve 11 at the input portion of the service brake solenoid valve 10 is regulated to, for example, the maximum service brake cylinder pressure so as not to output an excessive brake pressure. Incidentally, as the pressure regulating valve 11, a variable load valve used for an emergency brake may be shared.
[0035]
For this reason, in the present embodiment, even when the electropneumatic conversion valve 5 is abnormal, the brake cylinder pressure is not generated unnecessarily except during the brake command, and the pressure is also unnecessarily excessive. The reliability can be improved because it does not occur.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
An air brake device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a brake command means for issuing a brake command, an air brake control means for commanding an air braking force based on an output of the brake command means, and compressed air supplied from an air reservoir. A relay valve, a brake cylinder that generates air braking force by compressed air, and a relay valve that is provided between the relay valve and the brake cylinder, and controls the pressure of the compressed air to the brake cylinder based on the output of the air brake control means. And an electro-pneumatic conversion valve that is directly controlled. Therefore, the electro-pneumatic conversion valve is arranged after the relay valve, and the control error at the relay valve can be eliminated by directly controlling the brake cylinder pressure by the electro-pneumatic conversion valve, without impairing the responsiveness of the brake. Brake control accuracy can be improved.
[0037]
Further, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the compressed air output from the electropneumatic conversion valve and feeding back the pressure to the air brake control means is further provided. Therefore, even when the electropneumatic conversion valve itself does not have a control function, the output of the electropneumatic conversion valve can be fed back to the air brake control means, and the brake control accuracy can be further improved.
[0038]
In addition, the electropneumatic conversion valve also functions as a slide prevention valve that controls the output of the relay valve and performs re-adhesion when the vehicle slides. Therefore, even when a sliding control function is added, an inexpensive air brake device can be provided since an additional sliding prevention valve is not required.
[0039]
Further, a service brake solenoid valve is provided at an input portion of the relay valve, and the output of the relay valve is enabled only during the service brake. Therefore, by providing the service brake solenoid valve, the compressed air to the electropneumatic conversion valve is supplied only at the time of the service brake command, so that the reliability can be improved.
[0040]
In addition, the electropneumatic conversion valve allows the brake cylinder pressure to be released when the brake is loosened. Therefore, since the brake cylinder pressure can be directly controlled by the electropneumatic conversion valve, the brake cylinder pressure can be released when the brake is released, so that an inexpensive air brake device can be provided.
[0041]
Further, a pressure regulating valve is provided at an input portion of the service brake solenoid valve, and the output of the relay valve has a predetermined pressure only during service brake. Therefore, by providing the pressure regulating valve, an excessive pressure is not generated as the brake cylinder pressure, so that safety can be improved.
[0042]
The solenoid valve also functions as an emergency brake solenoid valve. Therefore, there is no need to provide an emergency brake solenoid valve again, and an inexpensive air brake device can be provided.
[0043]
Further, the pressure regulating valve also functions as a response load valve used for emergency braking. Therefore, there is no need to provide a load-resisting valve again, and an inexpensive air brake device can be provided.
[0044]
Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle air brake method, wherein compressed air acts on a brake cylinder based on a command of an air brake control unit for commanding an air brake force to generate an air brake force on the brake cylinder. A conversion valve is provided between the relay valve, which is supplied with compressed air from the air reservoir, and the brake cylinder, and the electropneumatic conversion valve controls the pressure of the compressed air with respect to the brake cylinder based on the output of the air brake control means. Control directly. Therefore, the electro-pneumatic conversion valve is arranged after the relay valve, and the control error at the relay valve can be eliminated by directly controlling the brake cylinder pressure by the electro-pneumatic conversion valve, without impairing the responsiveness of the brake. Brake control accuracy can be improved.
[0045]
Further, the pressure of the compressed air output from the electropneumatic conversion valve is detected, and the pressure is fed back to the air brake control means. Therefore, even when the electropneumatic conversion valve itself has no control function, the output of the electropneumatic conversion valve can be fed back to the air brake control means, and the brake control accuracy can be further improved.
[0046]
In addition, the electropneumatic conversion valve also functions as a slide prevention valve that controls the output of the relay valve and performs re-adhesion when the vehicle slides. Therefore, even when a sliding control function is added, an inexpensive air brake device can be provided since an additional sliding prevention valve is not required.
[0047]
Also, a service brake solenoid valve is provided at the input of the relay valve, so that the output of the relay valve is enabled only during the service brake. Therefore, by providing the service brake solenoid valve, the compressed air to the electropneumatic conversion valve is supplied only at the time of the service brake command, so that the reliability can be improved.
[0048]
In addition, the electropneumatic conversion valve allows the brake cylinder pressure to be released when the brake is loosened. Therefore, since the brake cylinder pressure can be directly controlled by the electropneumatic conversion valve, the brake cylinder pressure can be released when the brake is released, so that an inexpensive air brake device can be provided.
[0049]
Further, a pressure regulating valve is provided at an input portion of the service brake solenoid valve so that an output of a predetermined relay valve arbitrarily set can be made only during service brake. Therefore, by providing the pressure regulating valve, an excessive pressure is not generated as the brake cylinder pressure, so that safety can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an air brake device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the air brake device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional air brake device for an electric vehicle.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 brake command means, 2 electric brake control means, 4 pneumatic brake control means, 5 electropneumatic conversion valve, 6 relay valve, 7 brake cylinder, 8 pressure sensor, 9
Speed sensor, 10 service brake solenoid valve, 11 pressure regulating valve.

Claims (8)

Brake command means for issuing a brake command,
Air brake control means for commanding an air brake force based on the output of the brake command means,
A relay valve supplied with compressed air from an air reservoir,
A brake cylinder that generates the air braking force with the compressed air;
An electro-pneumatic conversion valve provided between the relay valve and the brake cylinder and directly controlling the pressure of the compressed air with respect to the brake cylinder based on an output of the air brake control means ,
A service brake solenoid valve provided at an input portion of the relay valve so that the output of the relay valve is enabled at the time of service brake,
An air brake device for an electric car, comprising: 2. The air brake device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the electropneumatic conversion valve enables release of a brake cylinder pressure when a brake is loosened. The air brake device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein a pressure regulating valve is provided at an input portion of the service brake solenoid valve, and an output of the relay valve has a predetermined pressure during service brake . The air brake device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the solenoid valve also functions as an emergency brake solenoid valve. The air brake device for an electric vehicle according to claim 3 , wherein the pressure regulating valve also serves as a variable load valve used for an emergency brake. An electropneumatic conversion valve that applies compressed air to a brake cylinder based on a command from an air brake control unit that commands an air brake force to generate an air brake force on the brake cylinder is supplied with compressed air from an air reservoir. provided between the relay valve and the brake cylinder, the electropneumatic conversion valve based on the output of the air brake control means, the pressure of the compressed air control directly to the brake cylinder, and the relay valve An air brake method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a service brake solenoid valve is provided at the input section of (1) and the output of the relay valve is enabled only during service brake . 7. The air brake method for an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein said electropneumatic conversion valve enables release of a brake cylinder pressure when a brake is loosened. 7. The electric vehicle according to claim 6 , wherein a pressure regulating valve is provided at an input portion of the service brake solenoid valve so that an output of the relay valve, which is arbitrarily set, is enabled only during service brake. Air brake method.

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