JP3584915B2

JP3584915B2 - Food waste treatment method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP3584915B2
Application number: JP2001296304A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 正夫金井
Original assignee: 正夫金井
Priority date: 2001-09-27
Filing date: 2001-09-27
Publication date: 2004-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2021-09-27
Also published as: JP2003102392A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置に係り、さらに詳しくは、食品廃棄物から高い品質の飼肥料原料が得られると共に、食品廃棄物のリサイクル率の向上を図ることができる食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
周知の通り、飲食店やスーパー、食品の加工工場等においては、食品を調理・製造する過程で生じる調理くず等の動植物性の残さや、食品の流通過程や消費段階で生じる売れ残りや食べ残し等が食品廃棄物として発生しているものであり、これら食品廃棄物をリサイクルするために、従来から様々な方法や装置が提案され実施されている。
【０００３】
そして、上記食品廃棄物のリサイクルを実現するために、本出願人も特許願第２００１−１１９３０８号にて、高い品質を備えた飼料を生ゴミ（食品廃棄物）から製造することができる生ゴミを原料とする飼料の製造方法及びその装置を提案している。
【０００４】
上記本出願人が提案した生ゴミを原料とする飼料の製造方法及びその装置は、生ゴミ（食品廃棄物）をボイル乾燥した後に、再加熱及び脱脂を行うことによって、世界一厳しいとされるヨーロッパの安全規格を満たす高い品質と安全性を備えた良質の飼料を得ることができ、食品廃棄物のリサイクルを図ることができるものである。
【０００５】
ところで、食品廃棄物のリサイクルの現状について見てみると、廃棄される食品の種類が比較的均一であり、まとまった量を得ることができる産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物については、その約５割がリサイクルされているものであるが、廃棄される食品が多種多様であると同時に、その量が不安定である一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物（食品廃棄物全体の約８割を占める）については、事業系の一部を除き、その殆どがリサイクルされずに焼却・埋立て処分されているものであり、食品廃棄物全体としてのリサイクル率は１割弱に留まっている。
【０００６】
そこで、上記食品廃棄物全体のリサイクル率の向上が求められ、食品廃棄物全体のリサイクル率を向上させるために、食品廃棄物の約８割を占めながら、その殆どがリサイクルされていない一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクル率の向上が必要となるものであり、以前から提案されている食品廃棄物のリサイクルを実現するための様々な方法や装置を一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクルに適用することが考慮されるが、これには以下のような不具合が生じているものであった。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
即ち、上記従来の技術の食品廃棄物のリサイクルを実現するための様々な方法や装置、例えば、本願出願人が提案した生ゴミを原料とする飼料の製造方法及びその装置を利用することにより、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクルが可能になると思われるが、廃棄される食品が多種多様であると同時に、その量が不安定である一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物から得られる飼料は、含有成分にバラツキが生じやすく、また、得られる飼料の量が安定していないため、生成された飼料の引き取り手を見つけ難い等の不具合が生じ、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクルを実際に行うことは非常に困難であった。
【０００８】
よって、本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するものであって、産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のみならず、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物におけるリサイクルの促進を図ることができ、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決する為の手段】
上記目的を達成する為に本発明は次の技術的手段を有する。
即ち、食品廃棄物１を乾燥させることによって減容を図ると共に、上記乾燥され減容された食品廃棄物１を飼料や肥料の原料となる飼肥料原料５として提供する食品廃棄物の処理方法において、上記食品廃棄物の処理方法は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥１１することによってボイル乾燥品２を得る第１のステップＳ１と、上記第１のステップＳ１で得られたボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合１３することによって２次乾燥品４を得る第２のステップＳ２と、上記第２のステップＳ２で得られた２次乾燥品４に対して高温加熱殺菌１６と脱脂１７を行うことによって２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を得る第３のステップＳ３よりなることを特徴とする食品廃棄物の処理方法である。
【００１０】
さらに、上記食品廃棄物の処理方法において、第１のステップＳ１で得られるボイル乾燥品２がボイル乾燥１１後に冷却１２されるようになされていることを特徴としている。
【００１１】
そして、食品廃棄物１を乾燥させることによって減容を図ると共に、上記食品廃棄物１から飼料や肥料の原料となる飼肥料原料５を生成する食品廃棄物の処理装置において、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することによってボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥部２１と、上記ボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合することによって２次乾燥品４を得る混合部２２と、上記２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を製造する飼肥料原料製造部２３より成ることを特徴とする食品廃棄物の処理装置である。
【００１２】
さらに、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することによってボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥部２１と、上記ボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合することによって２次乾燥品４を得る混合部２２と、上記２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を製造する飼肥料原料製造部２３より成り、上記ボイル乾燥部２１は、食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥させてボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥装置２６を備え、上記飼肥料原料製造部２３は、上記混合部２２にて得られた２次乾燥品４を高温加熱殺菌するための高温加熱殺菌装置３１と、高温加熱殺菌された２次乾燥品４から油脂分６を除去するための脱脂装置３２を備えて成ることを特徴としている。
【００１３】
さらに、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、ボイル乾燥部２１を構成するボイル乾燥装置２６の下流側に冷却装置２７を備えて成ることを特徴としている。
【００１４】
加えて、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する高温加熱殺菌装置３１の上流側に２次乾燥品ホッパー４０を備え、高温加熱殺菌装置３１に供給される２次乾燥品４の供給量を所定の量に調整できるように構成されていることを特徴としている。
【００１５】
さらに、その他の特徴として、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することによってボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥部２１と、上記ボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合することによって２次乾燥品４を得る混合部２２と、上記２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を製造する飼肥料原料製造部２３より成り、上記ボイル乾燥部２１は、食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥させてボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥装置２６を備え、上記混合部２２は、上記ボイル乾燥部２１にてボイル乾燥されたボイル乾燥品２の集積と上記乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３の投入を行うと共に、ボイル乾燥品２と食品廃棄物乾燥品３の混合を行うことによって２次乾燥品４を得る集積・混合ホッパー２８を備え、上記飼肥料原料製造部２３は、上記混合部２２にて得られた２次乾燥品４を高温加熱殺菌するための高温加熱殺菌装置３１と、高温加熱殺菌された２次乾燥品４から油脂分６を除去するための脱脂装置３２を備えて成ることを特徴とする食品廃棄物の処理装置である。
【００１６】
さらに、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、ボイル乾燥部２１を構成するボイル乾燥装置２６の下流側に冷却装置２７を備えて成ることを特徴としている。
【００１７】
加えて、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する高温加熱殺菌装置３１の上流側に２次乾燥品ホッパー４０を備え、高温加熱殺菌装置３１に供給される２次乾燥品４の供給量を所定の量に調整できるように構成されていることを特徴としている。
【００１８】
また、食品廃棄物１を乾燥させることによって減容を図ると共に、上記食品廃棄物１から飼料や肥料の原料となる飼肥料原料５を生成する食品廃棄物の処理装置において、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置は、食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥させるボイル乾燥装置２６と、ボイル乾燥装置２６によってボイル乾燥されたボイル乾燥品を高温加熱殺菌するための高温加熱殺菌装置３１と、高温加熱殺菌されたボイル乾燥品から油脂分６を除去するための脱脂装置３２を備えて成ることを特徴とする食品廃棄物の処理装置である。
【００１９】
本発明は、上記技術的手段より成り、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１から得られるボイル乾燥品２と、乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合して２次乾燥品４を得ると共に、上記２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を得る、即ち、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクルを単独で行うのではなく、産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクルと合わせて行うようになされているので、産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１のみならず、リサイクルが困難であった食品廃棄物の約８割を占める一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１のリサイクルを行うことができ、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる。
【００２０】
さらに、食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥して得られるボイル乾燥品２をボイル乾燥した後に冷却することによって、ボイル乾燥品２と食品廃棄物乾燥品３との混合時に生じ易い結露を防止することができ、その結果、２次乾燥品４の品質が良好に保たれ、より品質の高い飼肥料原料５を得ることができる。
【００２１】
また、ボイル乾燥品２と食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合して２次乾燥品４を得ると共に、上記２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を得ることにより、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１の回収量によって変動するボイル乾燥品２の生成量に応じて食品廃棄物乾燥品３の混合量を調整することができ、常に一定量の２次乾燥品４及び飼肥料原料５を得ることが可能となり、その結果、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１をリサイクルする際の課題であった飼肥料原料５の安定供給が実現され、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１のリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる。
【００２２】
加えて、含有成分にバラツキが生じやすい一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１から得られるボイル乾燥品２に対して含有成分が比較的安定している産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１から得られた食品廃棄物乾燥品３が混合されることになるので、２次乾燥品４及び飼肥料原料５における含有成分のバラツキが最小限に抑えられ、均質で高い品質の飼肥料原料５を得ることができる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づき詳細に説明する。
図１に示したように、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１（主に一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物）をボイル乾燥１１することによってボイル乾燥品２を得る第１のステップＳ１と、上記第１のステップＳ１で得られたボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３（主に産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物及び一般廃棄物として廃棄される事業系の食品廃棄物）を混合１３することによって２次乾燥品４を得る第２のステップＳ２と、上記第２のステップＳ２で得られた２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を得る第３のステップＳ３より成るものである。
【００２４】
そして、上記第１のステップＳ１では、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することによって、食品廃棄物１の減容（水分の蒸発）が行われると同時に、食品廃棄物１を構成する動植物性の残さの細胞組織の破壊が行われ、細胞組織に水分が戻ることのない完全乾燥させたボイル乾燥品２を得ることができる。
【００２５】
そして、上記第２のステップＳ２では、上記ボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３が混合されるものであり、このとき、上記第１のステップＳ１にて得られるボイル乾燥品２の量に応じて混合される食品廃棄物乾燥品３の量を調整することによって、常に一定量の２次乾燥品４を得ることができる。
【００２６】
さらに、上記食品廃棄物乾燥品３は、乾燥されているため腐敗が生じにくく、比較的長期間の貯蔵が可能であるので、上記第１のステップＳ１で得られるボイル乾燥品２の量に応じて混合量を調整した際に、余剰分が生じても廃棄する必要がなく、リサイクルを無駄なく行なうことができる。
【００２７】
そして、上記第３のステップＳ３では、第２のステップＳ２で得られた２次乾燥品４に対して高温加熱殺菌１６及び脱脂１７を行うことによって飼肥料原料５を得るものであり、しかも、上記第３のステップＳ３によって２次乾燥品４から得られる飼肥料原料５には、高温加熱殺菌１６及び脱脂１７が施されるため、飼料について世界一厳しいとされるヨーロッパの安全規格を満たす高い品質と安全性を備えた良質の飼料の原料として利用できる飼肥料原料５を提供することができる。
【００２８】
さらに、上記第１のステップＳ１で得られるボイル乾燥品２をボイル乾燥１１後に冷却１２することにより、ボイル乾燥品２と食品廃棄物乾燥品３との混合時に生じ易い結露を防止することができ、より品質の高い２次乾燥品及び飼肥料原料５を提供することができる。
【００２９】
さらに、上記第３のステップＳ３において、第２のステップＳ２で得られた２次乾燥品４に対し、２次乾燥品４から異物の除去を行う異物除去１４及び２次乾燥品４の粒子の均等化を図る粒子均等化１５を行うことも考慮され、上記異物除去１４及び粒子均等化１５を行うことによって、２次乾燥品及び飼肥料原料５のさらなる品質の向上を実現することができる。
【００３０】
そして、上述した如く、安定した回収量を確保し難い乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１（主に一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物）から得られるボイル乾燥品２の量に応じて乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３（主に産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物及び一般廃棄物として廃棄される事業系の食品廃棄物）の混合量を調整することによって、一定量の２次乾燥品４及び飼肥料原料５が得られるので、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１をリサイクルする際の課題である飼肥料原料５の安定供給が実現され、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１のリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる。
【００３１】
さらに、含有成分にバラツキが生じやすい一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１から得られるボイル乾燥品２に対して含有成分が比較的安定している産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１から得られた食品廃棄物乾燥品３が混合されることにより、２次乾燥品４及び飼肥料原料５における含有成分のバラツキが最小限に抑えられ、均質で高い品質の飼肥料原料５を得ることができる。
【００３２】
即ち、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物及び産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１の双方を利用して飼肥料原料５が得られるようにすることによって、従来においてリサイクルが困難であった一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１のリサイクルを円滑に行なうことが可能となり、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率の向上が実現される。
【００３３】
次に、上記食品廃棄物の処理方法を実現する食品廃棄物の処理装置について説明する。
図２に示したように、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理装置は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することによってボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥部２１（上記食品廃棄物の処理方法における第１のステップＳ１を担う）と、上記ボイル乾燥品２に対して乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合することによって２次乾燥品４を得る混合部２２（上記食品廃棄物の処理方法における第２のステップＳ２を担う）と、上記２次乾燥品４から飼肥料原料５を製造する飼肥料原料製造部２３（上記食品廃棄物の処理方法における第３のステップＳ３を担う）より成るものである。
【００３４】
そして、上記ボイル乾燥部２１は、乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥させて食品廃棄物１からボイル乾燥品２を得るボイル乾燥装置２６を備えて成り、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６の上流側には、回収された食品廃棄物１が集積される食品廃棄物受入槽２４と、上記集積された食品廃棄物１を破砕する破砕装置２５と、上記破砕装置２５によって破砕された食品廃棄物１を一旦収容しておくと共に、ボイル乾燥装置２６への食品廃棄物１の供給量を調整する食品廃棄物ホッパー３８が設けられ、さらに、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６の下流側には、ボイル乾燥装置２６によってボイル乾燥されたボイル乾燥品２を冷却するための冷却装置２７が設けられている。
【００３５】
そして、上記混合部２２は、上記ボイル乾燥部２１にてボイル乾燥されたボイル乾燥品２が送られ集積されると共に、乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３が投入され、ボイル乾燥品２と食品廃棄物乾燥品３の混合を行って２次乾燥品４を得る集積・混合ホッパー２８より成り、本実施の形態では、食品廃棄物乾燥品の投入装置３９によって上記集積・混合ホッパー２８内への食品廃棄物乾燥品３の投入が行われるように構成されている。
【００３６】
そして、上記飼肥料原料製造部２３は、２次乾燥品４を高温加熱殺菌するための高温加熱殺菌装置３１と、高温加熱殺菌された２次乾燥品４から油脂分６を除去するための脱脂装置３２より成り、２次乾燥品４に対して高温加熱殺菌及び脱脂を行うことによって、２次乾燥品から飼肥料原料５を得るものである。
【００３７】
さらに、上記飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する高温加熱殺菌装置３１の上流側には、上記混合部２２にて得られた２次乾燥品４から異物の除去を行うための磁選機及び磁石を備えた異物除去装置２９と、異物の除去が行われた２次乾燥品４の粒子の均等化を行うフルイ装置３０と、粒子の均等化が行われた２次乾燥品４を一旦収容し、高温加熱殺菌装置３１に供給される２次乾燥品４の供給量を所定の量に調整する２次乾燥品ホッパー４０が設けられており、上記高温加熱殺菌装置３１による２次乾燥品４の高温加熱殺菌が効率良く且つ確実に行われるように構成されている。
【００３８】
さらに、上記飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する脱脂装置３２の下流側には、高温加熱殺菌後脱脂されることによって２次乾燥品４から得られた飼肥料原料５に含まれる塊状物などを破砕・除去する破砕装置３３及びフルイ装置３４が設けられており、２次乾燥品４から得られた飼肥料原料５の品質を良好に維持するように構成されている。
【００３９】
そして、上記２次乾燥品４から得られた飼肥料原料５は、上記飼肥料原料製造部２３の下流に設けられた飼肥料原料ホッパー３５に一旦収容された後、袋詰め等され、飼肥料原料５として出荷されるものであり、また、上記脱脂装置３２によって高温加熱殺菌後の２次乾燥品４から脱脂された油脂分６は、精油装置３６へと送られ、精製された後、油脂材料として出荷されることとなる。
【００４０】
尚、上述した食品廃棄物の処理装置において、飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する高温加熱殺菌装置３１の上流側に異物除去装置２９とフルイ装置３０を設け、飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する脱脂装置３２の下流側に破砕装置３３及びフルイ装置３４を設けた場合を示したが、これらの装置の配置は一例を示したものであり、その配置や設置状態（設置、非設置）は、必要に応じて適宜変更することができる。
【００４１】
また、飼肥料原料製造部２３を構成する高温加熱殺菌装置３１の上流側に設けた２次乾燥品４を一旦収容し、高温加熱殺菌装置３１に供給される２次乾燥品４の供給量を所定の量に調整する２次乾燥品ホッパー４０についても、必ずしも設置しなければならないものではなく、２次乾燥品４を混合部２２から飼肥料原料製造部２３の高温加熱殺菌装置３１に直接供給することも可能である。
【００４２】
そして、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置における処理の流れを示しているのが図３であり、回収された食品廃棄物１は、集積工程４１、破砕工程４２を経た後に、ボイル乾燥工程４３にて食品廃棄物１を構成する細胞の破壊と食品廃棄物１に含まれる水分の蒸発が行われ、さらに、冷却工程４４にて冷却された後、ボイル乾燥品２として集積・混合工程４５へと送られる。
【００４３】
次いで、混合・集積工程４５では、上記回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥して得たボイル乾燥品２と、回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３の混合が行われるものであり、互いが混合された２次乾燥品４が得られる。
【００４４】
このとき、上記ボイル乾燥品２は、ボイル乾燥工程４３後、冷却工程４４にて冷却されており、ボイル乾燥品２と食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合した際に生じ易い結露が防止されているので、互いを混合して得られる２次乾燥品４の品質が損なわれる心配がないものである。
【００４５】
次いで、上記混合・集積工程４５によって得られた２次乾燥品４は、異物除去工程４６にて異物の除去が行われ、さらに、粒子均等化工程４７にて粒子の均等化が図られた後に高温加熱殺菌工程４８にて高温加熱殺菌され、脱脂工程４９にて油脂分６の除去を行った後に、飼肥料原料５として出荷されるものである。
【００４６】
また、上記集積・混合工程４５では、ボイル乾燥工程４３にて得られたボイル乾燥品２の量に応じて、食品廃棄物乾燥品３の混合量を調整することにより、２次乾燥品４の量を常に一定に保つことができ、その結果、常に一定量の２次乾燥品４及び飼肥料原料５を製造することが可能となるので、飼肥料原料５の安定供給が実現される。
【００４７】
さらに、含有成分にバラツキが生じやすい一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１から得られるボイル乾燥品２に対して、含有成分が比較的安定している産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１から得られた食品廃棄物乾燥品３が混合されることにより、２次乾燥品における含有成分のバラツキが最小限に抑えられるので、均質な飼肥料原料５を提供することができる。
【００４８】
そして、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置によると、回収された食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥してボイル乾燥品２を得ると共に、上記のボイル乾燥品２と回収された食品廃棄物乾燥品３を混合して飼肥料原料５の基となる２次乾燥品４を形成するものであり、その結果、飼肥料原料５の製造の際に一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１と産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１の双方を利用して飼肥料原料５が得られ、従来においてリサイクルが困難であった一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物１のリサイクルを円滑に行なうことが可能となり、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる。
【００４９】
次に、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置において、食品廃棄物１から形成される飼肥料原料５の品質を維持する上で大きな役割を果たす食品廃棄物１のボイル乾燥を行うボイル乾燥装置２６の詳細について説明する。
【００５０】
上記ボイル乾燥装置２６は、図４に示したように、食品廃棄物１を収容するためのボイル乾燥槽５１を備え、上記ボイル乾燥槽５１の外周にはジャケット５３が設けられており、上記ジャケット５３の内部には、蒸気Ｓが供給されるように構成され、上記ボイル乾燥槽５１の内壁面は、上記ジャケット５３に供給された蒸気Ｓの熱を食品廃棄物１に伝えるための伝熱面５２として構成されている。
【００５１】
さらに、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６のボイル乾燥槽５１は、円筒形状に形成されているものであって、上記ボイル乾燥槽５１の内部には、重力方向に沿う方向に回転軸５４が配設されており、上記回転軸５４には、回転巻上羽根、螺旋回転羽根等の撹拌手段５５が連結され、しかも、上記回転軸５４及び撹拌手段５５は、上記ボイル乾燥槽５１の外部に設けられたモーター５６によって回転Ｒ可能に構成されている。
【００５２】
そして、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６におけるボイル乾燥槽５１内に送られた食品廃棄物１は、図５に示したように、ボイル乾燥槽５１内にて回転Ｒする撹拌手段５５によって撹拌される際の遠心力Ｐにより、ボイル乾燥槽５１の伝熱面５２に押し当てられ、さらに、上記撹拌手段５５の平坦面５７によって、ボイル乾燥槽５１内にて巻き上げ（図中矢印Ｕ）られるものであり、伝熱面５２から伝わる蒸気Ｓの熱によってボイル乾燥が行われる。
【００５３】
加えて、上記ボイル乾燥槽５１内にて撹拌され、巻き上げられた食品廃棄物１は、一側に上記伝熱面５２と接触する面を有すると共に、他側に、ボイル乾燥槽５１内の空間の空気と接触する蒸発面５８を有することとなり、しかも、上記伝熱面５２に接触した食品廃棄物１は、伝熱面５２からの熱（１００℃以上）によって、その場である程度の水分蒸発を起こし、次いで、上記伝熱面５２に接触した時の水分蒸発によって含水率が低くなった食品廃棄物１は、含水率の高い食品廃棄物１と入れ替わるようにして上記蒸発面５８側に移動してボイル乾燥槽５１内に空間の空気に曝されるものであり、これらの動作を繰り返すことで、効率良く水分の蒸発が行われ、さらに、上記ボイル乾燥によって、食品廃棄物１を構成する細胞の破壊が行われる。
【００５４】
また、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６にて食品廃棄物１がボイル乾燥される際に生じる廃蒸気は、ボイル乾燥装置２６に連接する脱臭装置３７（図２参照）へと送られ、脱臭処理されるものであり、上記脱臭装置３７として本実施の形態では、廃蒸気そのものを高温下に曝し、廃蒸気に含まれる廃ガスを燃焼させるタイプの脱臭装置３７を示し、この場合には、廃蒸気から凝縮液が生じないため、下水施設を必要としないというメリットが生じる。
【００５５】
尚、本実施の形態では、食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥した際に生じる廃蒸気の処理を、廃蒸気そのものを高温下に曝し、廃蒸気に含まれる廃ガスを燃焼させるタイプの脱臭装置３７にて行う場合を示したが、これに限らず様々なタイプの処理手段を利用することも可能であり、例えば、間接コンデンサー等の廃蒸気冷却装置と白金触媒脱臭器等を利用した脱臭装置を設け、上記廃蒸気を凝縮液と微量な廃ガスとに分け、それぞれを別々に処理する処理手段を利用すること等も考慮される。
【００５６】
さらに、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置において、上述したボイル乾燥装置２６と等しく重要となるのが上記高温加熱殺菌装置３１であり、上記高温加熱殺菌装置３１は、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６とほぼ同じ構成であって、２次乾燥品４を高温加熱殺菌するための高温加熱殺菌槽６１を備え、上記高温加熱殺菌槽６１の外周にはジャケット６３が設けられており、上記ジャケット６３の内部には、蒸気Ｓが供給されるように構成され、上記高温加熱殺菌槽６１の内壁面は、上記ジャケット６３に供給された蒸気Ｓの熱を２次乾燥品４に伝えるための伝熱面６２として構成されている。
【００５７】
さらに、上記高温加熱殺菌装置３１の高温加熱殺菌槽６１は、円筒形状に形成されているものであって、上記高温加熱殺菌槽６１の内部には、重力方向に沿う方向に回転軸６４が配設されており、上記回転軸６４には、回転巻上羽根、螺旋回転羽根等の撹拌手段６５（本実施の形態では、回転巻上羽根が２段に配設されている場合を示している）が設けられており、しかも、上記回転軸６４及び撹拌手段６５は、上記高温加熱殺菌槽６１の外部に設けられたモーター（図示せず）によって回転Ｒ可能に構成されている。
【００５８】
そして、上記高温加熱殺菌装置３１において行われる２次乾燥品４の高温加熱殺菌は、例えば、１６０℃で１５分間行われるものであり、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６によるボイル乾燥（煮沸殺菌が行われることとなる）及び高温加熱殺菌後に行われる脱脂と合わせて、世界最高水準とされるヨーロッパにおける飼料の安全規格を十分に満たすものであり、飼肥料原料５から高い品質の飼料を得ることができる。
【００５９】
また、上記ボイル乾燥装置２６の下流側に設けられる冷却装置２７としては、様々なものが考慮され、一例として、上述したボイル乾燥装置２６及び高温加熱殺菌装置３１と同様、円筒形状に形成された冷却槽内に撹拌手段を備えた回転軸を配設すると共に、冷却槽の外周にジャケットが配設されて成る冷却装置２７が考慮されるものであり、この場合には、上記ジャケット内に、ボイル乾燥装置２６及び高温加熱殺菌装置３１に供給される蒸気Ｓに代えて、冷却媒体を供給することで、冷却槽内に送られたボイル乾燥品２を冷却することができ、しかも、冷却装置２７をボイル乾燥装置２６及び高温加熱殺菌装置３１と同様の構成にすることにより、食品廃棄物処理装置全体のメンテナンス性の向上を図ることができる。
【００６０】
さらに、上記冷却装置２７におけるボイル乾燥品２の冷却は、冷却槽内にて外気に触れることなく行われるので、結露が生じず、ボイル乾燥品２が冷却時に水分を再び含んでしまうような心配がなく、良質のボイル乾燥品２を得ることができる。
【００６１】
次に、上記乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物１の排出者が利用する乾燥設備について説明する。
上記乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物１の排出者が利用する乾燥設備は、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理装置との親和性を考慮すると、食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することによって、食品廃棄物１から高い品質の食品廃棄物乾燥品３を得ることができる乾燥設備が好ましく、その一例を以下に説明する。
【００６２】
上記食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することができる乾燥設備は、図７に示したように、食品廃棄物１を収容する食品廃棄物ホッパー７１と、食品廃棄物１に含まれる水分を蒸発させると共に、食品廃棄物１を構成する細胞の破壊してボイル乾燥品２を生成するボイル乾燥装置７２と、上記ボイル乾燥装置７２によって生成されたボイル乾燥品２に含まれる塊状物を取り除いて粒子の均等化を図るフルイ装置７３と、上記ボイル乾燥品２に高温加熱殺菌を施すための高温加熱殺菌装置７４と、上記高温加熱殺菌されたボイル乾燥品２に含まれている油脂分６を除去して食品廃棄物乾燥品３を生成すると共に、除去された油脂分６を油タンク７９に回収する脱脂装置７５と、上記食品廃棄物乾燥品３を収容する食品廃棄物乾燥品ホッパー７６を備えてなるものである。
【００６３】
そして、上記乾燥設備における食品廃棄物１のボイル乾燥を行う乾燥装置７２及び上記高温加熱殺菌装置７４については、上記食品廃棄物の処理装置で用いられるボイル乾燥装置２６及び高温加熱殺菌装置３１と同様の構成であるので、詳細な説明は省略するが、上記ボイル乾燥装置７２によるボイル乾燥（煮沸殺菌が行われることとなる）と高温加熱殺菌装置７４による高温加熱殺菌（例えば、１６０℃で１５分間）、さらに、脱脂装置７５による脱脂によって、世界最高水準とされるヨーロッパにおける飼料の安全規格を十分に満たした高い品質の食品廃棄物乾燥品３を得ることができる。
【００６４】
また、上記ボイル乾燥装置７２には、ボイル乾燥装置７２内でボイル乾燥される食品廃棄物１から発生する廃蒸気の処理を行うために、廃蒸気冷却装置７７及び脱臭装置７８が配設されており、上記廃蒸気冷却装置７７は、廃蒸気を冷却することで、上記廃蒸気を凝縮液と微量な廃ガスとに分けるものであり、上記廃蒸気冷却装置７７としては、間接コンデンサー等が考慮され、さらに、凝縮液とならない微量な廃ガス成分は、脱臭装置７８へと送られて脱臭処理されるものであり、上記脱臭装置２８としては、白金触媒脱臭器等が考慮される。
【００６５】
そして、上記食品廃棄物１をボイル乾燥することができる乾燥設備における処理の流れを示しているのが図８であって、上記食品廃棄物１は、ボイル乾燥工程８１にて食品廃棄物１を構成する細胞の破壊と食品廃棄物１に含まれる水分の蒸発が行われた後、粒子均等化工程８２にて粒子の均等化が図られ、さらに、高温加熱殺菌工程８３にて高温加熱殺菌された後に、脱脂工程８４にて油脂分６の除去が行われるものであり、上記各工程を経て、食品廃棄物乾燥品３になされるものである。
【００６６】
そして、上記乾燥設備にて得られる食品廃棄物乾燥品３は、高い品質を有し、長期間の貯蔵にも十分耐えることができるので、食品廃棄物１の回収量に変動が生じやすく、得られるボイル乾燥品２の量に応じて食品廃棄物乾燥品３の混合量を調整する必要がある本発明の食品廃棄物の処理装置に非常に適しているものである。
【００６７】
次に、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置を利用して実施される食品廃棄物のリサイクルシステムについて説明する。
上記食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置を利用して実施される食品廃棄物のリサイクルシステムは、図９に示したように、食品廃棄物排出者から排出される食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３から飼肥料原料５を得、上記飼肥料原料５から飼料７及び肥料８を製造すると共に、上記飼料７及び肥料８を畜産業９７及び農業９８に用い、上記畜産業９７及び農業９８によって得られた畜産物９及び農産物１０を食材Ｆとして食材Ｆの消費者でもある上記食品廃棄物排出者に供給するものであり、これによって食品廃棄物１の循環を図り、食品廃棄物１のリサイクルを実現するものである。
【００６８】
具体的には、食品廃棄物１をそのまま排出する乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者からの食品廃棄物１の回収９１と、食品廃棄物１の乾燥設備９３を有し、食品廃棄物乾燥品３を排出する食品廃棄物排出者からの食品廃棄物乾燥品３の回収９２によって食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３を得、次いで、上記食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３を、食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３を基にして飼料７や肥料８の原料となる飼肥料原料５を製造する飼肥料原料化施設９４へ送り、食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３から飼肥料原料５を製造する。
【００６９】
そして、上記飼肥料原料化施設９４において行われる食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３を基にして飼料７や肥料８の原料となる飼肥料原料５の製造に用いられるのが、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置であり、飼肥料原料化施設９４に本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置を適用することにより、食品廃棄物のリサイクルシステムの要となる飼肥料原料化施設９４を確実に機能させることができる。
【００７０】
次いで、上記飼肥料原料化施設９４にて製造された飼肥料原料５は、飼料工場９５や肥料工場９６へと送られ、必要に応じて様々な成分を付加したり、タンパク質や油脂分の調整を行う等して成分の調整を行ったり、雑芥物の選別や高温加熱殺菌を行って安全性を高める等の処置が行われた後、製品である飼料７や肥料８として出荷される。
【００７１】
そして、上記飼肥料原料５から製造された飼料７及び肥料８は、畜産業９７及び農業９８に用いられ、畜産業９７及び農業９８によって得られた畜産物９及び農産物１０は、食材Ｆとして食材Ｆの消費者でもある食品廃棄物排出者に提供されるものであり、食品廃棄物排出者によって廃棄された食品廃棄物１及び食品廃棄物乾燥品３、飼肥料原料５、飼料７・肥料８、食材Ｆ（畜産品６・農産品７）と形を変えながら循環するものであり、食品廃棄物１のリサイクル及び循環型の社会を実現することができる。
【００７２】
また、上記乾燥設備を持たない食品廃棄物排出者から行う食品廃棄物１の回収９１は、毎日行うことが好ましく、食品廃棄物１を新鮮な状態で回収することによって、食品廃棄物１から製造される飼肥料原料５の品質を良好に保つことができ、高い品質の飼料７及び肥料８の製造が実現するものである。
【００７３】
さらに、上記乾燥設備を有する食品廃棄物排出者から行う食品廃棄物乾燥品３の回収９２は、食品廃棄物乾燥品３が比較的長期間に渡って貯蔵可能であることから、数日毎や１，２週間毎、１ヶ月毎など、定期的に行なうことが好ましく、回収コストの低減を図ることができる。
【００７４】
そして、上述の如く、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置を利用して実施される食品廃棄物のリサイクルシステムは、産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のみならず、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクル率を向上させることができると共に、食品廃棄物１のリサイクルを実効ある形で実現し、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率を向上させることができる。
【００７５】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した如く、本発明によると次の様な効果を奏する。
即ち、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法によって、産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のみならず、従来においてリサイクルが困難であった食品廃棄物の約８割を占める一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクル率を向上させることができ、その結果、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる。
【００７６】
さらに、本発明の食品廃棄物の処理装置によって、上記産業廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のみならず、一般廃棄物として廃棄される食品廃棄物のリサイクルを可能にする本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法が実現され、食品廃棄物全体におけるリサイクル率の向上を実現することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の食品廃棄物の処理方法の概要を示す流れ図である。
【図２】本発明の食品廃棄物の処理装置の構成を示す図である。
【図３】本発明の食品廃棄物の処理装置における処理の流れを示す流れ図である。
【図４】食品廃棄物の処理装置を構成するボイル乾燥装置の断面図である。
【図５】ボイル乾燥装置における乾燥メカニズムを示す図である。
【図６】食品廃棄物の処理装置を構成する高温加熱殺菌装置を示す一部断面を含む図である。
【図７】ボイル乾燥を利用した乾燥設備の構成を示す図である。
【図８】ボイル乾燥を利用した乾燥設備における処理の流れを示す流れ図である。
【図９】本発明を適用した食品廃棄物のリサイクルシステムの概要を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
１食品廃棄物
２ボイル乾燥品
３食品廃棄物乾燥品
４２次乾燥品
５飼肥料原料
６油脂分
１１ボイル乾燥
１２冷却
１３混合
１４異物除去
１５粒子均等化
１６高温加熱殺菌
１７脱脂
２１ボイル乾燥部
２２混合部
２３飼肥料原料製造部
２４食品廃棄物受入槽
２５破砕装置
２６ボイル乾燥装置
２７冷却装置
２８集積・混合ホッパー
２９異物除去装置
３０フルイ装置
３１高温加熱殺菌装置
３２脱脂装置
３３破砕装置
３４フルイ装置
３５飼肥料原料ホッパー
３６精油装置
３７脱臭装置
３８食品廃棄物ホッパー
３９食品廃棄物乾燥品の投入装置
４０２次乾燥品ホッパー
４１集積工程
４２破砕工程
４３ボイル乾燥工程
４４冷却工程
４５集積・混合工程
４６異物除去工程
４７粒子均等化工程
４８高温加熱殺菌工程
４９脱脂工程[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating food waste, and more particularly, to a food waste capable of obtaining a high quality fertilizer raw material from food waste and improving the recycling rate of food waste. The present invention relates to an object processing method and an apparatus therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, in restaurants, supermarkets, food processing factories, etc., animal and plant residues such as cooking waste generated in the process of cooking and manufacturing foods, unsold and unsold foods generated in the food distribution process and consumption stage, etc. Is generated as food waste, and various methods and apparatuses have been conventionally proposed and implemented in order to recycle the food waste.
[0003]
In addition, in order to realize the recycling of the food waste, the present applicant has also disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-119308 a garbage capable of producing a feed with high quality from garbage (food waste). And a device for producing feed using the same as a raw material.
[0004]
The method and apparatus for producing a feed using garbage as a raw material proposed by the present applicant are considered to be the most severe in the world by boil-drying garbage (food waste) and then reheating and degreasing. Good quality feed with high quality and safety that meets European safety standards can be obtained, and food waste can be recycled.
[0005]
By the way, looking at the current state of food waste recycling, the type of food waste is relatively uniform, and as for industrial waste that can be Approximately 50% is recycled, but the amount of food that is discarded is diverse, and at the same time, the amount of food waste that is discarded as general waste whose amount is unstable (about 8% of the total food waste). Most of the food waste is incinerated or landfilled without recycling, except for a part of the business, and the recycling rate of food waste as a whole is less than 10%. .
[0006]
Therefore, it is necessary to improve the recycling rate of the whole food waste, and in order to improve the recycling rate of the whole food waste, while occupying about 80% of the food waste, most of the non-recycled general waste It is necessary to improve the recycling rate of food waste that is disposed of as food waste, and various methods and devices that have been proposed to realize the recycling of food waste are disposed of as general waste. It could be applied to waste recycling, but this had the following disadvantages:
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
That is, by using various methods and apparatuses for realizing the recycling of food waste of the above-mentioned conventional technology, for example, by using a method for producing feed using garbage as a raw material proposed by the present applicant and the apparatus thereof, It will be possible to recycle food waste discarded as general waste.However, the amount of food that is discarded is diverse, and at the same time, the amount of food waste that is discarded as general waste is unstable. The resulting feed is liable to cause variations in the ingredients, and the amount of feed obtained is not stable. It was very difficult to actually recycle waste.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and aims to promote recycling not only of food waste discarded as industrial waste but also food waste discarded as general waste. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for treating food waste, which can improve the recycling rate of the whole food waste.
[0009]
[Means for solving the problem]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means.
That is, in the method for treating food waste, the volume of the food waste 1 is reduced by drying it, and the dried and reduced food waste 1 is provided as a fertilizer raw material 5 which is a raw material of feed and fertilizer. The method for treating food waste comprises a first step S1 of obtaining a boiled dried product 2 by boil-drying 11 a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility; A second dried product 4 is obtained by mixing 13 with the dried food waste 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility with the dried boiled product 2 obtained in step S1 of FIG. Step S2 and a third step S of obtaining the fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 by subjecting the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the second step S2 to high-temperature heat sterilization 16 and degreasing 17. Is a method of treating food waste, characterized in that the more.
[0010]
Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for treating food waste, the dried boiled product 2 obtained in the first step S1 is cooled 12 after the boil drying 11.
[0011]
Then, while reducing the volume by drying the food waste 1, the food waste processing apparatus for producing a fertilizer raw material 5 which is a raw material for feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1 is used to process the food waste. The processing apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that boil-drys food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility to obtain a boil-dried product 2, and a drying facility for the boil-dried product 2. A mixing section 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing the food waste dried product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a fertilizer, and a fertilizer for producing a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 It is a food waste treatment device comprising a raw material production unit 23.
[0012]
Further, the food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that boil-drys the food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger having no drying equipment to obtain a boil-dried product 2; A mixing unit 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing a dried food waste 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility with the product 2, and a fertilizer from the secondary dried product 4 The boil drying section 21 includes a boil drying device 26 that boil-drys the food waste 1 to obtain a boil-dried product 2. The fertilizer raw material manufacturing section 23 includes: Is a high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing section 22, and a degreasing device for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4. Device 32 It is characterized by Ete made.
[0013]
Further, the food waste treatment apparatus is characterized in that a cooling device 27 is provided downstream of a boil drying device 26 constituting the boil drying section 21.
[0014]
In addition, the food waste treatment apparatus includes a secondary dried product hopper 40 upstream of the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production unit 23, and the secondary food hopper 40 is supplied to the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31. It is characterized in that the supply amount of the dried product 4 can be adjusted to a predetermined amount.
[0015]
Further, as another feature, the food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that boil-drys food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility to obtain a boil-dried product 2. A mixing unit 22 for mixing the boiled dry product 2 with a food waste dry product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility to obtain a secondary dry product 4; The boil drying section 21 includes a boil drying device 26 that boil-drys the food waste 1 to obtain a boil-dried product 2. The unit 22 accumulates the boiled dried products 2 that have been boiled and dried in the boil drying unit 21 and inputs the dried food waste products 3 collected from the food waste discharger having the drying equipment. The stacking / mixing hopper 28 for obtaining the secondary dried product 4 by mixing the boiled dried product 2 and the food waste dried product 3 is provided, and the fertilizer raw material production unit 23 is obtained by the mixing unit 22. It is characterized by comprising a high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 and a degreasing device 32 for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4. It is a food waste treatment device.
[0016]
Further, the food waste treatment apparatus is characterized in that a cooling device 27 is provided downstream of a boil drying device 26 constituting the boil drying section 21.
[0017]
In addition, the food waste treatment apparatus includes a secondary dried product hopper 40 upstream of the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production unit 23, and the secondary food hopper 40 is supplied to the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31. It is characterized in that the supply amount of the dried product 4 can be adjusted to a predetermined amount.
[0018]
In addition, the volume of the food waste 1 is reduced by drying the food waste 1, and the food waste treatment apparatus that generates the fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material of feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1 is provided. The processing device includes a boil drying device 26 for boil-drying the food waste 1, a high-temperature heat sterilization device 31 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the boil-dried product boil-dried by the boil drying device 26, and a high-temperature heat sterilized boiler. A food waste treatment device comprising a degreasing device 32 for removing fats and oils 6 from a dried product.
[0019]
The present invention comprises the above technical means, and includes a boiled dried product 2 obtained from food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger without a drying facility, and a boiled dried product 2 collected from a food waste discharger with a drying facility. The dried food waste 3 is mixed to obtain a secondary dried product 4, and the fertilizer raw material 5 is obtained from the secondary dried product 4, that is, the recycling of food waste discarded as general waste is solely performed. It is difficult to recycle not only food waste 1 which is discarded as industrial waste, but also with recycling of food waste discarded as industrial waste It is possible to recycle the food waste 1 discarded as general waste, which accounts for about 80% of the food waste, and to improve the recycling rate of the whole food waste.
[0020]
Furthermore, by boil-drying the boil-dried product 2 obtained by boil-drying the food waste 1 and then cooling the same, it is possible to prevent dew condensation which is likely to occur when the boil-dried product 2 and the food waste dried product 3 are mixed. As a result, the quality of the secondary dried product 4 is kept good, and a higher quality fertilizer raw material 5 can be obtained.
[0021]
In addition, by mixing the dried boiled product 2 and the dried food waste product 3 to obtain the secondary dried product 4 and obtaining the fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4, the food product discarded as general waste is obtained. The mixing amount of the dried food waste 3 can be adjusted according to the amount of the dried boiled product 2 that varies depending on the recovery amount of the waste 1, and a constant amount of the secondary dried product 4 and the fertilizer raw material 5 can always be adjusted. As a result, a stable supply of the fertilizer raw material 5 which has been a problem when recycling the food waste 1 discarded as general waste is realized, and the food waste discarded as general waste is realized. 1 can improve the recycling rate.
[0022]
In addition, food waste discarded as industrial waste whose components are relatively stable with respect to the dried boiled product 2 obtained from food waste 1 which is discarded as general waste in which the components tend to vary. Since the dried food waste 3 obtained from 1 is mixed, the dispersion of the components contained in the secondary dried product 4 and the fertilizer raw material 5 is minimized, and a uniform and high quality fertilizer raw material is obtained. 5 can be obtained.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for treating food waste according to the present invention employs a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility (a food waste mainly discarded as general waste). ) Is boil-dried 11 to obtain a boil-dried product 2, and the boil-dried product 2 obtained in the first step S 1 is collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility. The second dried product 4 is obtained by mixing 13 dried food waste 3 (mainly food waste mainly disposed of as industrial waste and business-related food waste disposed of as general waste) 13. And a third step S3 of obtaining a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the second step S2.
[0024]
Then, in the first step S1, the volume of the food waste 1 is reduced (evaporation of water) by boil-drying the food waste 1 collected from the food waste discharger having no drying equipment. At the same time, the cell tissues of the animal and plant residues that constitute the food waste 1 are destroyed, and a completely dried boiled product 2 can be obtained without returning water to the cell tissues.
[0025]
In the second step S2, the dried boiled product 2 is mixed with the dried food waste product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility. By adjusting the amount of the dried food waste 3 to be mixed according to the amount of the dried boiled product 2 obtained in step S1, a constant amount of the secondary dried product 4 can always be obtained.
[0026]
Further, since the dried food waste 3 is dried and hardly rots, and can be stored for a relatively long period of time, it depends on the amount of the dried boiled product 2 obtained in the first step S1. When the mixing amount is adjusted, there is no need to discard any surplus, and recycling can be performed without waste.
[0027]
In the third step S3, the fertilizer raw material 5 is obtained by performing high-temperature heat sterilization 16 and degreasing 17 on the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the second step S2. The fertilizer raw material 5 obtained from the secondary dried product 4 in the third step S3 is subjected to high-temperature heat sterilization 16 and degreasing 17, so that the feed satisfies the world's strictest safety standards in Europe. It is possible to provide a fertilizer raw material 5 that can be used as a raw material for high-quality feed with quality and safety.
[0028]
Further, by cooling the boiled dried product 2 obtained in the first step S1 after the boil drying 11 and then cooling 12, it is possible to prevent dew condensation which is likely to occur when the boiled dried product 2 and the food waste dried product 3 are mixed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a secondary dried product and a fertilizer raw material 5 of higher quality.
[0029]
Further, in the third step S3, the foreign matter removal 14 for removing foreign matter from the secondary dried product 4 and the particles of the secondary dried product 4 with respect to the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the second step S2. Considering that the particle equalization 15 for equalization is performed, the quality of the secondary dried product and the fertilizer raw material 5 can be further improved by performing the foreign matter removal 14 and the particle equalization 15.
[0030]
And, as described above, the boil obtained from the food waste 1 (mainly food waste discarded as general waste) collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility that is difficult to secure a stable collection amount Dried food waste 3 collected from food waste dischargers who have drying equipment according to the amount of dried products 2 (businesses that are mainly disposed of as industrial waste and general waste) By adjusting the mixing amount of the food waste 1), a certain amount of the secondary dried product 4 and the fertilizer raw material 5 can be obtained, so that the problem in recycling the food waste 1 discarded as general waste is a problem. A stable supply of a certain fertilizer raw material 5 is realized, and an improvement in the recycling rate of the food waste 1 discarded as general waste can be realized.
[0031]
Furthermore, the food waste 1 disposed as an industrial waste whose components are relatively stable with respect to the dried boiled product 2 obtained from the food waste 1 which is disposed as general waste in which the components tend to vary. Is mixed with the dried food waste 3 obtained from the above, the dispersion of the components contained in the secondary dried product 4 and the fertilizer raw material 5 is minimized, and a uniform and high-quality fertilizer raw material 5 is obtained. be able to.
[0032]
That is, by using both the food waste disposed of as general waste and the food waste disposed of as industrial waste to obtain the fertilizer raw material 5, it has conventionally been difficult to recycle. In addition, it is possible to smoothly recycle the food waste 1 discarded as general waste, thereby improving the recycling rate of the entire food waste.
[0033]
Next, an apparatus for treating food waste which realizes the above-described method for treating food waste will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention boil-drys food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility to obtain a boil-dried product 2. The drying unit 21 (which performs the first step S1 in the food waste treatment method) and the dried food waste 3 collected from the food waste discharger having a drying facility for the dried boiled product 2 A mixing section 22 (which performs the second step S2 in the method for treating food waste) for obtaining the secondary dried product 4 by mixing, and a fertilizer raw material for producing the fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 It comprises a production unit 23 (which carries out the third step S3 in the above-mentioned food waste treatment method).
[0034]
And the said boil drying part 21 is provided with the boil drying apparatus 26 which boil-drys the food waste 1 collect | recovered from the food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility, and obtains the boil dry goods 2 from the food waste 1. On the upstream side of the boil dryer 26, a food waste receiving tank 24 in which the collected food waste 1 is accumulated, a crusher 25 for crushing the accumulated food waste 1, and the crusher The food waste 1 crushed by the device 25 is temporarily stored therein, and a food waste hopper 38 for adjusting the supply amount of the food waste 1 to the boil drying device 26 is provided. A cooling device 27 for cooling the boil-dried product 2 that has been boil-dried by the boil drying device 26 is provided downstream of the boiler drying device 26.
[0035]
The mixing section 22 receives and collects the boil-dried products 2 that have been boil-dried in the boil drying section 21 and collects the dried food waste products 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility. And a hopper 28 for mixing the dried boiled product 2 and the dried food waste 3 to obtain the secondary dried product 4, and in the present embodiment, a feeding device 39 for the dried food waste product Thus, the dry food waste 3 is put into the accumulation / mixing hopper 28.
[0036]
The fertilizer raw material production unit 23 includes a high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 and a degreasing method for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4. It consists of an apparatus 32, and performs high-temperature sterilization and degreasing on the secondary dried product 4 to obtain the fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product.
[0037]
Further, a magnetic separator and a magnet for removing foreign substances from the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing section 22 are provided upstream of the high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production section 23. A foreign matter removing device 29 provided, a sieve device 30 for equalizing particles of the secondary dried product 4 from which foreign materials have been removed, and a secondary dried product 4 for which particles have been equalized are temporarily stored. A secondary dry product hopper 40 is provided for adjusting the supply amount of the secondary dry product 4 supplied to the high temperature heat sterilization device 31 to a predetermined amount, and the high temperature of the secondary dry product 4 by the high temperature heat sterilization device 31 is provided. The heat sterilization is configured to be performed efficiently and reliably.
[0038]
Further, on the downstream side of the degreasing device 32 that constitutes the fertilizer raw material production unit 23, there is a lump or the like contained in the fertilizer raw material 5 obtained from the secondary dried product 4 by being degreased after high-temperature sterilization. A crushing device 33 and a sieving device 34 for crushing / removing are provided, and are configured to maintain good quality of the fertilizer raw material 5 obtained from the secondary dried product 4.
[0039]
Then, the fertilizer raw material 5 obtained from the secondary dried product 4 is once stored in a fertilizer raw material hopper 35 provided downstream of the fertilizer raw material manufacturing unit 23, and is then packed in a bag and the like. The oils and fats 6 which are shipped as the raw material 5 and degreased from the secondary dried product 4 after the high-temperature heat sterilization by the degreaser 32 are sent to an essential oil unit 36 and refined. It will be shipped as a material.
[0040]
In the food waste treatment apparatus described above, a foreign matter removing device 29 and a sieve device 30 are provided on the upstream side of the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production unit 23 to constitute the fertilizer raw material production unit 23. Although the case where the crushing device 33 and the sieving device 34 are provided on the downstream side of the degreasing device 32 is shown, the arrangement of these devices is an example, and the arrangement and the installation state (installation, non-installation) are as follows. It can be changed as needed.
[0041]
Further, the secondary dried product 4 provided on the upstream side of the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production unit 23 is temporarily stored, and the supply amount of the secondary dried product 4 supplied to the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31 is reduced. The secondary dried product hopper 40, which is adjusted to a predetermined amount, is not always required to be installed, and the secondary dried product 4 is directly supplied from the mixing section 22 to the high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 of the fertilizer raw material production section 23. It is also possible.
[0042]
FIG. 3 shows a flow of processing in the food waste treatment apparatus. The collected food waste 1 is subjected to an accumulation step 41 and a crushing step 42, and then to a boil drying step 43. After the cells constituting the food waste 1 are destroyed and the water contained in the food waste 1 is evaporated, and further cooled in the cooling step 44, it is sent to the accumulation / mixing step 45 as the dried boiled product 2. Can be
[0043]
Next, in the mixing / accumulating step 45, the boil-dried product 2 obtained by boil-drying the collected food waste 1 and the collected food waste dried product 3 are mixed with each other. The mixed secondary dried product 4 is obtained.
[0044]
At this time, the boil-dried product 2 is cooled in the cooling process 44 after the boil-drying process 43, so that dew condensation which is likely to occur when the boil-dried product 2 and the food waste dried product 3 are mixed is prevented. Therefore, there is no fear that the quality of the secondary dried product 4 obtained by mixing them with each other is impaired.
[0045]
Next, the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing / accumulating step 45 is subjected to foreign matter removal in a foreign matter removing step 46, and further, after the particles are equalized in a particle equalizing step 47. After being subjected to high-temperature heat sterilization in the high-temperature heat sterilization step 48 and removal of the fats and oils 6 in the degreasing step 49, it is shipped as the fertilizer raw material 5.
[0046]
In addition, in the accumulation / mixing step 45, the mixing amount of the food waste dried product 3 is adjusted according to the amount of the boiled dried product 2 obtained in the boil drying step 43, whereby the secondary dried product 4 is prepared. The amount can always be kept constant, and as a result, it is possible to always produce a constant amount of the secondary dried product 4 and the manure material 5, so that a stable supply of the manure material 5 is realized.
[0047]
Furthermore, the food waste which is discarded as industrial waste whose components are relatively stable, compared to the dried boiled product 2 obtained from the food waste 1 which is discarded as general waste in which the components tend to vary. By mixing the dried food waste product 3 obtained in 1 above, the dispersion of the components contained in the secondary dried product can be minimized, so that a homogeneous fertilizer raw material 5 can be provided.
[0048]
Then, according to the food waste treatment apparatus, the collected food waste 1 is boil-dried to obtain a boil dried product 2, and the boil dried product 2 and the collected food waste dried product 3 are mixed. To form a secondary dried product 4 which is a basis of the fertilizer raw material 5, and as a result, as a food waste 1 and an industrial waste which are discarded as general waste when the fertilizer raw material 5 is manufactured. The fertilizer raw material 5 can be obtained by using both of the waste food waste 1 to be discarded, and the food waste 1 discarded as general waste, which has been difficult to recycle in the past, can be smoothly recycled. In addition, an improvement in the recycling rate of the entire food waste can be realized.
[0049]
Next, in the food waste treatment apparatus, details of the boil drying apparatus 26 that performs the boil drying of the food waste 1 that plays a significant role in maintaining the quality of the fertilizer raw material 5 formed from the food waste 1 Will be described.
[0050]
As shown in FIG. 4, the boil drying device 26 includes a boil drying tank 51 for storing the food waste 1, and a jacket 53 is provided on an outer periphery of the boil drying tank 51. The inside of 53 is configured to supply steam S, and the inner wall surface of the boil drying tank 51 has a heat transfer surface for transferring the heat of the steam S supplied to the jacket 53 to the food waste 1. 52.
[0051]
Further, the boil drying tank 51 of the boil drying device 26 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a rotating shaft 54 is disposed inside the boil drying tank 51 in a direction along the direction of gravity. The rotating shaft 54 is connected to a stirring means 55 such as a rotary winding blade or a spiral rotating blade. In addition, the rotating shaft 54 and the stirring means 55 are connected to a motor provided outside the boil drying tank 51. The rotation 56 enables rotation R.
[0052]
Then, the food waste 1 sent into the boil drying tank 51 of the boil drying device 26 is agitated by the stirring means 55 rotating and rotating in the boil drying tank 51 as shown in FIG. It is pressed against the heat transfer surface 52 of the boil drying tank 51 by the centrifugal force P, and is further wound up in the boil drying tank 51 by the flat surface 57 of the stirring means 55 (arrow U in the figure). Boil drying is performed by the heat of the steam S transmitted from the heat transfer surface 52.
[0053]
In addition, the food waste 1 stirred and rolled up in the boil drying tank 51 has a surface in contact with the heat transfer surface 52 on one side and a space in the boil drying tank 51 on the other side. In addition, the food waste 1 in contact with the heat transfer surface 52 has a certain amount of water evaporation on the spot due to heat (100 ° C. or more) from the heat transfer surface 52. Then, the food waste 1 having a low water content due to the evaporation of water when it comes into contact with the heat transfer surface 52 moves to the evaporation surface 58 side so as to be replaced with the food waste 1 having a high water content. The boil drying tank 51 is exposed to the air in the space. By repeating these operations, the water is efficiently evaporated, and the food waste 1 is formed by the boil drying. Cell destruction has taken place That.
[0054]
Further, waste steam generated when the food waste 1 is boil-dried in the boil drying device 26 is sent to a deodorizing device 37 (see FIG. 2) connected to the boil drying device 26 for deodorizing treatment. In the present embodiment, the deodorizing device 37 is of a type in which the waste steam itself is exposed to a high temperature to burn the waste gas contained in the waste steam. Since no liquid is generated, there is an advantage that a sewage facility is not required.
[0055]
In the present embodiment, the treatment of waste steam generated when the food waste 1 is boil-dried is performed by a deodorizing device 37 of a type that exposes the waste steam itself to a high temperature and burns the waste gas contained in the waste steam. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of processing means can be used.For example, a deodorizing device using a waste steam cooling device such as an indirect condenser and a platinum catalyst deodorizing device is provided. In addition, it is considered that the waste steam is divided into a condensate and a small amount of waste gas, and that a processing means for separately treating each of them is used.
[0056]
Further, in the food waste treatment apparatus, the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31 is equally important as the above-described boil drying apparatus 26, and the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31 has substantially the same configuration as the boil drying apparatus 26. A high-temperature heat sterilization tank 61 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 is provided. A jacket 63 is provided on the outer periphery of the high-temperature heat sterilization tank 61, and inside the jacket 63, The steam S is supplied, and the inner wall surface of the high-temperature heat sterilization tank 61 is formed as a heat transfer surface 62 for transmitting the heat of the steam S supplied to the jacket 63 to the secondary dried product 4. ing.
[0057]
Furthermore, the high-temperature heat sterilization tank 61 of the high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a rotating shaft 64 is disposed inside the high-temperature heat sterilization tank 61 in a direction along the direction of gravity. The rotating shaft 64 is provided with a stirring means 65 such as a rotary winding blade or a spiral rotary blade (in the present embodiment, a case where the rotary winding blade is provided in two stages is shown. ) Are provided, and the rotating shaft 64 and the stirring means 65 are configured to be rotatable by a motor (not shown) provided outside the high-temperature heat sterilization tank 61.
[0058]
The high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 performed in the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31 is, for example, performed at 160 ° C. for 15 minutes, and boil drying (boiling sterilization is performed by the boil drying device 26). ) And the degreasing performed after high-temperature heat sterilization sufficiently satisfies the European standard for feed safety in Europe, which is the highest level in the world.
[0059]
Also, as the cooling device 27 provided on the downstream side of the boil drying device 26, various devices are considered, and as an example, the cooling device 27 is formed in a cylindrical shape like the above-described boil drying device 26 and the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31. A cooling device 27 in which a rotating shaft provided with stirring means is provided in the cooling tank and a jacket is provided on the outer periphery of the cooling tank is considered. In this case, By supplying a cooling medium instead of the steam S supplied to the boil drying device 26 and the high-temperature heat sterilizing device 31, the boil-dried product 2 sent into the cooling tank can be cooled. By making 27 the same configuration as the boil drying device 26 and the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31, it is possible to improve the maintainability of the entire food waste treatment device.
[0060]
Furthermore, since the cooling of the boiled dried product 2 in the cooling device 27 is performed without contacting the outside air in the cooling tank, dew condensation does not occur, and there is a concern that the boiled dried product 2 will again contain moisture during cooling. And a good-quality boiled dried product 2 can be obtained.
[0061]
Next, the drying equipment used by the discharger of the food waste 1 having the drying equipment will be described.
In consideration of the affinity with the food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the drying equipment used by the person discharging the food waste 1 having the above-mentioned drying equipment can be used to boil-dry the food waste 1 to obtain the food waste. A drying facility capable of obtaining a high-quality dried food waste 3 from 1 is preferable, and an example thereof will be described below.
[0062]
As shown in FIG. 7, the drying equipment capable of boil-drying the food waste 1 includes a food waste hopper 71 that stores the food waste 1, evaporates water contained in the food waste 1, and A boil drying device 72 that destroys the cells constituting the food waste 1 to produce a boil dried product 2, and removes lumps contained in the boil dried product 2 generated by the boil drying device 72 to evenly distribute particles. Device 73, a high-temperature heat sterilizer 74 for subjecting the dried boiled product 2 to high-temperature heat sterilization, and removing the oil 6 contained in the high-temperature heat-sterilized dried boiled product 2 A degreasing device 75 that generates the dried food waste 3 and collects the removed oils and fats 6 in an oil tank 79 and a hopper 76 that stores the dried food waste 3 are provided. It become one.
[0063]
The drying device 72 for boil-drying the food waste 1 in the drying equipment and the high-temperature heat sterilization device 74 are the same as the boil drying device 26 and the high-temperature heat sterilization device 31 used in the food waste treatment device. Although the detailed description is omitted, boil drying (boil sterilization is performed) by the boil drying device 72 and high-temperature heat sterilization by the high-temperature heat sterilization device 74 (for example, at 160 ° C. for 15 minutes) ) Further, by degreasing with the degreasing device 75, it is possible to obtain a high-quality dried food waste product 3 which sufficiently satisfies the feed standard in Europe, which is the highest level in the world.
[0064]
Further, in the boil drying device 72, a waste steam cooling device 77 and a deodorizing device 78 are provided in order to process waste steam generated from the food waste 1 which is boil-dried in the boil drying device 72. The waste steam cooling device 77 separates the waste steam into a condensate and a trace amount of waste gas by cooling the waste steam. As the waste steam cooling device 77, an indirect condenser or the like is considered. Further, a trace amount of waste gas component that does not become a condensate is sent to a deodorizing device 78 for deodorizing treatment. As the deodorizing device 28, a platinum catalyst deodorizing device or the like is considered.
[0065]
FIG. 8 shows a flow of processing in a drying facility capable of boil-drying the food waste 1, and the food waste 1 is removed from the food waste 1 in the boil drying step 81. After the constituent cells are destroyed and the water contained in the food waste 1 is evaporated, the particles are equalized in the particle equalizing step 82 and further sterilized by high-temperature heat in the high-temperature heat sterilization step 83. After that, the oil and fat component 6 is removed in the degreasing step 84, and the dried food waste 3 is made through the above steps.
[0066]
The dried food waste 3 obtained by the above drying equipment has high quality and can sufficiently withstand long-term storage, so that the recovery amount of the food waste 1 tends to fluctuate. This is very suitable for the food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention in which the mixing amount of the dried food waste 3 needs to be adjusted according to the amount of the dried boiled product 2.
[0067]
Next, a food waste recycling system implemented using the food waste treatment method and apparatus of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 9, a food waste recycling system implemented by using the above-described food waste treatment method and the food waste disposal method includes a food waste 1 and a food waste discharged from a food waste discharger. The fertilizer raw material 5 is obtained from the dried product 3, the feed 7 and the fertilizer 8 are manufactured from the fertilizer raw material 5, and the feed 7 and the fertilizer 8 are used for the livestock industry 97 and the agriculture 98. The livestock product 9 and the agricultural product 10 obtained by the above are supplied to the above-mentioned food waste discharger who is also a consumer of the food material F as the food material F, whereby the food waste 1 is circulated, and the food waste 1 is recycled. It realizes recycling.
[0068]
Specifically, it has a food waste 1 recovery 91 from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility for directly discharging the food waste 1, and a food waste 1 drying facility 93, and has a food waste drying facility 93. The food waste 1 and the dried food waste 3 are obtained by the collection 92 of the dried food waste 3 from the food waste discharger who discharges the food 3, and then the food waste 1 and the dried food waste 3 are obtained. Is fed to a fertilizer raw material production facility 94 that manufactures a fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material for the feed 7 and the fertilizer 8 based on the food waste 1 and the dried food waste 3, and the food waste 1 and the food waste A fertilizer raw material 5 is manufactured from the dried product 3.
[0069]
According to the present invention, the fertilizer raw material 5 used as the raw material of the feed 7 and the fertilizer 8 based on the food waste 1 and the dried food waste 3 performed in the fertilizer raw material conversion facility 94 is used. The method and apparatus for treating food waste according to the present invention, wherein the method and apparatus for treating food waste of the present invention are applied to the fertilizer raw material conversion facility 94, whereby the fertilizer becomes a key for a food waste recycling system. The raw material conversion facility 94 can function reliably.
[0070]
Next, the fertilizer raw material 5 manufactured in the fertilizer raw material conversion facility 94 is sent to a feed factory 95 or a fertilizer factory 96, where various components are added as necessary, and protein and oil and fat components are adjusted. , Etc., the components are adjusted, trash is sorted, and high-temperature heat sterilization is performed to increase safety, and then the product is shipped as feed 7 and fertilizer 8 as products.
[0071]
The feed 7 and the fertilizer 8 manufactured from the fertilizer raw material 5 are used in the livestock industry 97 and the agriculture 98, and the livestock products 9 and the agricultural products 10 obtained by the livestock industry 97 and the agriculture 98 are used as food ingredients F as food ingredients. The food waste is also provided to the food waste discharger who is also the consumer of F, and the food waste 1 and the dried food waste 3, the fertilizer raw material 5, the feed 7, the fertilizer 8, which are disposed of by the food waste discharger. And the food F (livestock products 6 and agricultural products 7) and circulates while changing the shape, thereby realizing the recycling of food waste 1 and a recycling-based society.
[0072]
In addition, it is preferable that the collection 91 of the food waste 1 performed by the food waste discharger who does not have the above-mentioned drying facility be performed every day. The quality of the fertilizer raw material 5 to be kept can be kept good, and the production of the high-quality feed 7 and fertilizer 8 can be realized.
[0073]
Further, the collection 92 of the dried food waste 3 performed by the food waste discharger having the above-mentioned drying equipment can be performed every few days or 1 day because the dried food waste 3 can be stored for a relatively long period of time. , Every two weeks, every month, etc., so that the collection cost can be reduced.
[0074]
As described above, the food waste recycling system implemented by using the food waste treatment method and apparatus of the present invention is not limited to food waste discarded as industrial waste, but also to general waste. In addition to improving the recycling rate of food waste that is disposed of as food, the recycling of the food waste 1 can be realized in an effective manner, and the recycling rate of the entire food waste can be improved.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the present invention has the following effects.
That is, according to the method for treating food waste of the present invention, not only food waste discarded as industrial waste but also general waste, which accounts for about 80% of food waste that has been difficult to recycle in the past, is discarded. As a result, the recycling rate of the entire food waste can be improved.
[0076]
Furthermore, the food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention enables the recycling of not only the food waste discarded as industrial waste but also the food waste discarded as general waste by the food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention. And the improvement of the recycling rate of the whole food waste can be realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of a food waste treatment method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing in the food waste processing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a boil drying device included in the food waste treatment device.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a drying mechanism in a boil drying device.
FIG. 6 is a view including a partial cross section showing a high-temperature heat sterilization apparatus constituting a food waste treatment apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a drying facility using boil drying.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing in a drying facility using boil drying.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an outline of a food waste recycling system to which the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 food waste
2 Boil dry goods
3 dried food waste
4 Secondary dried products
5 Fertilizer raw materials
6 fats and oils
11 Boil drying
12 Cooling
13 mixing
14 Foreign matter removal
15 Particle equalization
16 High-temperature heat sterilization
17 Degreasing
21 Boil drying section
22 mixing section
23 Fertilizer raw material production department
24 Food waste receiving tank
25 Crusher
26 Boil dryer
27 Cooling device
28 Stacking / mixing hopper
29 Foreign matter removal device
30 Screen device
31 High-temperature heat sterilizer
32 Degreasing equipment
33 Crusher
34 Screen device
35 Fertilizer raw material hopper
36 Essential oil equipment
37 Deodorizing device
38 Food Waste Hopper
39 Food waste dry product input device
40 Secondary dried product hopper
41 Integration Process
42 Crushing process
43 Boil drying process
44 Cooling process
45 Accumulation / mixing process
46 Foreign matter removal process
47 Particle Equalization Process
48 High temperature heat sterilization process
49 Degreasing process

Claims

In a method of treating food waste, the volume of the food waste 1 is reduced by drying the food waste 1, and the dried and reduced volume of the food waste 1 is provided as a fertilizer raw material 5 serving as a feed or fertilizer raw material.
The method for treating food waste includes a first step S1 of boil-drying 11 a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility to obtain a boil-dried product 2; A second step of obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing 13 the dried food waste 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility with the dried boiled product 2 obtained in step S1 S2 and the third step S3 of obtaining the fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 by performing high-temperature sterilization 16 and degreasing 17 on the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the second step S2. A method for treating food waste.

In a method of treating food waste, the volume of the food waste 1 is reduced by drying the food waste 1, and the dried and reduced volume of the food waste 1 is provided as a fertilizer raw material 5 serving as a feed or fertilizer raw material.
The method for treating food waste includes a first step S1 of boil-drying 11 a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility to obtain a boil-dried product 2; A second step of obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing 13 the dried food waste 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility with the dried boiled product 2 obtained in step S1 S2 and a third step S3 of subjecting the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the second step S2 to high-temperature heat sterilization 16 and degreasing 17 to obtain a fertilizer raw material 5; The method for treating food waste, wherein the dried boiled product 2 obtained in step S1 is cooled 12 after the boil drying 11.

In a food waste treatment apparatus that reduces the volume by drying the food waste 1 and generates a fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material for feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1,
The food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that obtains a boil-dried product 2 by boil-drying a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility; A mixing unit 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing a food waste dried product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility, and a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 A food waste treatment apparatus comprising a fertilizer raw material production section 23 for producing a food waste.

In a food waste treatment apparatus that reduces the volume by drying the food waste 1 and generates a fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material for feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1,
The food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that obtains a boil-dried product 2 by boil-drying a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility; A mixing unit 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing a food waste dried product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility, and a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 The boil drying unit 21 includes a boil drying device 26 that boil-drys the food waste 1 to obtain a boil-dried product 2. The fertilizer raw material manufacturing unit 23 includes: A high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing section 22 and a degreasing device 32 for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4 With Processor of food waste, characterized in that.

In a food waste treatment apparatus that reduces the volume by drying the food waste 1 and generates a fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material for feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1,
The food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that obtains a boil-dried product 2 by boil-drying a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility; A mixing unit 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing a food waste dried product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility, and a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 The boil drying unit 21 includes a boil drying device 26 that boil-drys the food waste 1 to obtain a boil-dried product 2. The fertilizer raw material manufacturing unit 23 includes: A high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for high-temperature heat sterilization of the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing section 22 and a degreasing device 32 for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4 Equipped with To, the boiling drying unit 21 includes a processing unit of food waste which is characterized by comprising a cooling device 27 on the downstream side of the boiling drying apparatus 26 constituting the boiling drying section 21.

The food waste treatment apparatus includes a secondary dried product hopper 40 on the upstream side of the high temperature heat sterilization device 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production unit 23, and the secondary dried product 4 supplied to the high temperature heat sterilization device 31. The food waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the supply amount of the food waste can be adjusted to a predetermined amount.

In a food waste treatment apparatus that reduces the volume by drying the food waste 1 and generates a fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material for feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1,
The food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that obtains a boil-dried product 2 by boil-drying a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility; A mixing unit 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing a food waste dried product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility, and a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 The boil drying unit 21 includes a boil drying device 26 that boil-drys the food waste 1 to obtain a boil-dried product 2, and the mixing unit 22 includes the boil drying unit. The boil-dried product 2 that has been boil-dried in the unit 21 and the food waste dried product 3 collected from the food waste discharger having the above-mentioned drying equipment are charged, and the boiled dried product 2 and the food waste are collected. The fertilizer raw material production unit 23 is provided with an accumulation / mixing hopper 28 that obtains the secondary dried product 4 by mixing the dried products 3, and heats the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing unit 22 at a high temperature. An apparatus for treating food waste, comprising: a high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for sterilization; and a degreasing apparatus 32 for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4.

In a food waste treatment apparatus that reduces the volume by drying the food waste 1 and generates a fertilizer raw material 5 that is a raw material for feed and fertilizer from the food waste 1,
The food waste treatment apparatus includes a boil drying unit 21 that obtains a boil-dried product 2 by boil-drying a food waste 1 collected from a food waste discharger who does not have a drying facility; A mixing unit 22 for obtaining a secondary dried product 4 by mixing a food waste dried product 3 collected from a food waste discharger having a drying facility, and a fertilizer raw material 5 from the secondary dried product 4 The boil drying unit 21 includes a boil drying device 26 that boil-drys the food waste 1 to obtain a boil-dried product 2, and the mixing unit 22 includes the boil drying unit. The boil-dried product 2 that has been boil-dried in the unit 21 and the food waste dried product 3 collected from the food waste discharger having the above-mentioned drying equipment are charged, and the boiled dried product 2 and the food waste are collected. The fertilizer raw material production unit 23 is provided with an accumulation / mixing hopper 28 that obtains the secondary dried product 4 by mixing the dried products 3, and heats the secondary dried product 4 obtained in the mixing unit 22 at a high temperature. A high-temperature heat sterilizer 31 for sterilization and a degreasing device 32 for removing oils and fats 6 from the high-temperature-heat-sterilized secondary dried product 4 are further provided. An apparatus for treating food waste, comprising a cooling device 27 provided downstream of a boil drying device 26 that constitutes the device.

The food waste treatment apparatus includes a secondary dried product hopper 40 on the upstream side of the high temperature heat sterilization device 31 constituting the fertilizer raw material production unit 23, and the secondary dried product 4 supplied to the high temperature heat sterilization device 31. The food waste treatment apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the supply amount of the food waste can be adjusted to a predetermined amount.