JP3577007B2

JP3577007B2 - Filtration device and filtration method

Info

Publication number: JP3577007B2
Application number: JP2001224678A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 篤高嶋; 幸雄伊藤; 隆司浦田
Original assignee: 株式会社栗田機械製作所
Priority date: 2001-07-25
Filing date: 2001-07-25
Publication date: 2004-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-25
Also published as: JP2003033607A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、濾材を袋状に閉じたのち、濾材内に原液を供給して濾過を行うようにした濾過装置及び濾過方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来この種の濾過方法は、種々の構成のものが提案されている。
【０００３】
例えば特開平３−３８２０９号公報には、筒状濾材の下端部を閉じて袋状にしたのち、濾材内に原液を供給し、可動板を水平方向に移動させて圧搾濾過する際に、圧搾圧力上昇工程と圧搾圧力保持工程とを順次繰り返して圧搾濾過するように構成したものがある。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の濾過方法のものでは、所定圧搾圧力に圧搾濾過するまでに、圧搾圧力上昇工程と圧搾圧力保持工程とを相当回数繰返す必要があり、電磁弁が損傷して取替えなれけばならないことがあるといった課題があった。また、圧搾圧力を最初大きく上昇すると、濾材に大きな力がかかり、濾材を破損する恐れがあり、圧搾圧力上昇工程を小さくして上記工程をより多く繰返すと、上記の電磁弁の損傷がより早くなるという課題があった。
【０００５】
また、特開平４−３１７７０４号公報の濾過装置は、可動板を傾斜し下部の濾室を広くするようになしているが、下部に厚みの大きいケーキが生成され、どうしても上部と下部で均一な含水率のケーキを生成することができないという課題があった。
【０００６】
従って、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決することにあって、圧力制御弁の入力電流を制御することによって、圧搾圧力を所定の運転パターンに制御して圧搾濾過を行う濾過装置及び濾過方法を提供するものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明は以下のように構成する。
【０００８】
本発明の第１態様によれば、下部が閉塞されて濾過すべき原液が収納されたのち上部が閉塞される筒状の濾材と、上記濾材を支持する支持体と、上記支持体に支持された上記濾材の上記下部と上記上部を閉塞した状態で上記濾材を押圧する可動板と、上記支持体に支持された上記濾材の上記下部と上記上部を閉塞した状態で上記濾材を上記押板との間で挟み込んで押圧して圧搾濾過させる受板と、上記支持体に支持された上記濾材の下部を閉塞可能な第１開閉装置と、上記支持体に支持された上記濾材の上部を閉塞可能な第２開閉装置と、上記可動板を駆動する上下２つの油圧シリンダとを備える濾過装置において、
油圧ポンプと、
上記油圧ポンプからの駆動力を切換え制御して上記上側の油圧シリンダに選択的に伝達する上側切換え装置と、
上記油圧ポンプからの駆動力を切換え制御して上記下側の油圧シリンダに選択的に伝達する下側切換え装置と、
上記油圧ポンプから上記上側の油圧シリンダ側及び上記下側の油圧シリンダ側へ伝達される油圧を制御する圧力制御弁と、
上記圧力制御弁に入力される入力電流を、圧搾時間と圧搾圧力との関係を示す運転パターンから算出された時間当りの変圧量と圧搾時間の経過とに応じて制御して、上記圧搾時間の経過に応じて上記運転パターンに基く圧搾圧力を圧力変動させるように制御する制御部とを備えるとともに、
圧搾濾過前の上記濾材の濾室容積設定において、上記可動板を傾斜して上記濾室の上部よりも下部を狭くして圧搾濾過を行い、濾過終了には上記濾室の上部と下部とを同じ容積として、均一な含水率のケーキを生成するようにしたことを特徴とする濾過装置を提供する。
【００１０】
本発明の第２態様によれば、上記制御部は、圧搾工程の前半の圧搾圧力の上昇割合を圧搾工程の後半の圧搾圧力の上昇割合より小さくするようにした第１の態様に記載の濾過装置を提供する。
【００１１】
本発明の第３態様によれば、支持体に支持された筒状の濾材の下部が閉塞され、濾過すべき原液が上記濾材内に収納され、上記濾材の上部が閉塞され、上記支持体に支持された受板と上記可動板との間で上記濾材を挟み込んで上記濾材を押圧して圧搾濾過させる濾過方法において、
上記濾材を上記可動板により押圧するとき、油圧ポンプから上記可動板の上部駆動用油圧シリンダ側及び上記可動板の下部駆動用油圧シリンダ側へ伝達される油圧を利用して上記可動板による上記濾材の押圧を行うとともに、上記油圧ポンプから上記可動板の上部駆動用油圧シリンダ側及び上記可動板の下部駆動用油圧シリンダ側へ伝達される上記油圧を制御する圧力制御弁に入力される入力電流を、圧搾時間と圧搾圧力との関係を示す運転パターンから算出された時間当りの変圧量と圧搾時間の経過とに応じて制御して、上記圧搾時間の経過に応じて上記運転パターンに基く圧搾圧力を圧力変動させるとともに、
圧搾濾過前の上記濾材の濾室容積設定において、上記可動板を傾斜して上記濾室の上部よりも下部を狭くして圧搾濾過を行い、濾過終了には上記濾室の上部と下部とを同じ容積として、均一な含水率のケーキを生成するようにしたことを特徴とする濾過方法を提供する。
【００１３】
本発明の第４態様によれば、上記制御部は、圧搾工程の前半の圧搾圧力の上昇割合を圧搾工程の後半の圧搾圧力の上昇割合より小さくするようにした第３の態様に記載の濾過方法を提供する。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明に係る実施形態を図１〜図１３に基づいて詳細に説明する。
【００１５】
本実施形態にかかる濾過装置１０は、図１に示すように、筒状の濾材１を支持体２に、支持紐などの吊り部材を介して吊り支持し、上記濾材１の下端部開口を第１開閉装置の一例としての第１開閉シリンダ６の駆動により閉塞したのち、上記濾材１の上端部開口より原液を濾材１内に供給し、上記濾材１の上部を第２開閉装置の一例としての第２開閉シリンダ７の駆動により閉塞するとともに、上下の油圧シリンダ５１，５２の駆動で可動板４により上記原液が収容された濾材１を押圧して圧搾濾過を行う一方、濾過終了後に上記第１開閉シリンダ６により濾材１の下端部の閉塞動作を解除して上記下端部開口を開き、濾材１内のケーキを濾材下方のスクリュコンベア１８により排出するように大略構成されている。
【００１６】
上記支持体２の上部には第２開閉シリンダ７と第１油圧シリンダ５１とをそれぞれ水平方向沿いに配置し、また支持体２の下部には第２油圧シリンダ５２と第１開閉シリンダ６を各々水平方向沿いに配置する。
【００１７】
なお、上記支持体２の両側方にサイドバー２１を突設し、可動板４の両側部に転動自在に設けたローラ４１を介して可動板４をサイドバー２１，２１により支持している。
【００１８】
上記第１開閉シリンダ６は、そのピストンロッドの先端に下部締付バー６１を設けており、固定板３の受板３１の下端部に形成された係止部３２に係止するようにしている。よって、濾材１を下部締付バー６１と上記受板３１との間に濾材１の下端部を挟み込んで係止することにより、濾材１の下端部開口を閉塞するようにしている。
【００１９】
上記第２開閉シリンダ７は、そのピストンロッドの先端に上部締付バー７１を設けており、固定板３の受板３１の上端部に形成された係止部３３に係止するようにしている。よって、濾材１を上部締付バー７１と上記受板３１との間に濾材１の上部を挟み込んで係止することにより、濾材１の上部を閉塞するようにしている。
【００２０】
上記駆動装置５としての油圧シリンダ５１，５２は、一端を支持体２に固定し、それぞれのピストンロッドの先端は、ピンを介して枢着して可動板４の上下部にそれぞれ連結する。よって、上記油圧シリンダ５１，５２の駆動により、可動板４はサイドバー２１，２１上のローラ４１，４１の転動により案内されて水平方向沿いに移動するように構成されている。また、上記支持体２の下方には、濾過圧搾時に濾材１より落下する濾液１７を受け取るための濾液受皿９が、受皿開閉シリンダ９２の駆動により移動可能に、かつ回転可能に設けている。
【００２１】
また、上記濾液１７は流樋９１に案内されて外部に排出される。
【００２２】
また、濾過圧搾されたケーキ１６は、可動板４の移動による自然落下と、振動機１２，１２の振動による強制落下による下方への落下とにより、スクリュコンベヤ１８により回収するように構成されている。
【００２３】
なお、図１に示すように油圧ポンプ５０ａは、油タンク７０に収容された油を吸い上げて、油圧切換弁５７に供給するよう接続されている。
【００２４】
油圧ポンプ５０ａと油圧切換弁５７の間には、圧力制御弁５５と圧力リリーフ弁５６とが接続されている。なお、圧力制御弁５５は、制御部１００の指示による圧力制御信号により、圧力を制御するように構成されている。
【００２５】
油圧切換弁５７に供給された油は、第１油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ａと第２油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ｂとを有する油圧バルブユニット５８を経由して、第１油圧シリンダ５１と第２油圧シリンダ５２と接続されており、所要の運転パターンに応じて圧搾濾過をなすように構成されている。すなわち、油圧ポンプ５０ａが駆動されると、油圧切換弁５７に供給された油は、圧力制御弁５５と圧力リリーフ弁５６で予め決められた所定圧力に圧力制御されつつ、油圧切換弁５７から第１油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ａと第２油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ｂとの両方に供給されて、第１油圧シリンダ５１と第２油圧シリンダ５２とが同期して駆動され、可動板４が水平方向沿い移動させられる。圧搾濾過前の前工程として、油圧シリンダ５１，５２の駆動で可動板４を所定の位置まで移動させて、可動板４と受板３１との隙間により濾室１１の容積を決定するとき、第２油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ｂを切り換えて油圧ポンプ５０ａから第１油圧シリンダ５１への油の供給を一時的に停止させる一方、第１油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ａはそのままにして油圧ポンプ５０ａから第２油圧シリンダ５２への油の供給を行い続けることにより、上側の油圧シリンダ５１よりも下側の油圧シリンダ５２を少し大きく駆動して、図８のように濾室１１の上部側の容積よりも下部側の容積を狭くするように可動板４を傾斜させて、濾室１１の所定の上下の容積を決定することができる。これは、制御部１００により、圧力制御弁５５及び第１油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ａと第２油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ｂへの入力電流を制御することによって、第１油圧シリンダ５１及び第２油圧シリンダ５２にそれぞれ供給される油圧を制御することができ、圧搾圧力を所定の運転パターンに制御して圧搾濾過を行うことができる。ここで、濾室容積設定において可動板４を傾斜して濾室１１の下部を上部に比べて狭くする理由は以下のとおりである。すなわち、原液中の固体分は重力のため下方により多く沈降しようとする。そのため、圧搾工程終了後に上部と下部により均一な含水率のケーキを生成するためには、容積設定時に下部を狭めて、下部での沈降量を少なくし、圧搾終了後の固体分の量を同一とするように、すなわち、均一な含水率のケーキとなるようにすればよいためである。
【００２６】
種々の運転パターンは、制御部１００に接続されたメモリ内に予め記憶されており、メモリ内に記憶された運転パターンの中から作業者が予め選択した運転パターンに従って制御部１００が圧力制御弁５５の入力電流を制御することにより、第１油圧シリンダ５１及び第２油圧シリンダ５２の駆動を制御して可動板４の濾材１のケーキに対する圧力を変動させて、圧搾圧力を上記選択された所定の運転パターンに制御して圧搾濾過を行うようにしている。
【００２７】
このように、上記第２開閉シリンダ７、第１開閉シリンダ６、受皿開閉シリンダ９２、スクリュコンベヤ１８、振動機１２，１２、上記油圧ポンプ５０ａ、油圧切換弁５７、第１油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ａ、第２油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ５８ｂ、第１油圧シリンダ５１、第２油圧シリンダ５２などは、制御部１００により動作制御されるようにして、所望の濾過圧搾工程が自動的に行われるようにしている。
【００２８】
次に、本発明の上記実施形態にかる濾過装置による濾過方法について説明する。
【００２９】
（前工程）
まず、筒状濾材１の支持紐を振動機１２，１２及びバネに吊り支持する。
【００３０】
そして、油圧シリンダ５１，５２の駆動で可動板４を所定の位置まで移動させて、可動板４と受板３１との隙間により筒状濾材１の濾室１１の容積を決定するとき、上側の油圧シリンダ５１よりも下側の油圧シリンダ５２を少し大きく駆動して、図８のように濾室１１の上部側の容積よりも下部側の容積を狭くするように可動板４を傾斜させて、筒状濾材１の濾室１１の所定の上下の容積を決定する。
【００３１】
（下部締切り工程）
次に、第１開閉シリンダ６の駆動により下部締付バー６１を移動し、図９に示すように上記濾材１の下端部開口を閉塞する。
【００３２】
（原料投入工程）
次に、下端部が閉塞された濾材１内に、上記濾材１の上端部開口より図５に示す原液投入口８により、原液１５を供給する。
【００３３】
図１０に示すように濾室１１の下部は濾室１１を狭くしているので濾室１１の厚みは上部より小さいが、原液１５中の固体は重力のため下部により多く沈降する。
【００３４】
（上部締付け工程）
次に、図１１に示すように第２開閉シリンダ７の駆動により上部締付バー７１を移動し、上記濾材１の上部を閉塞する。
【００３５】
（圧搾濾過工程）
次に、図１２に示されるように、可動板４を油圧シリンダ５１，５２の駆動で移動させ、可動板４と受板３１との間で濾材１を以下に詳述するような運転パターンで押圧し、濾材１内のケーキを圧搾する。
【００３６】
ここで、濾材１内のケーキを圧搾するとき、図３に示されるように、まず、ステップＳ１において上記制御部１００ではそのメモリ内に記憶された種々の運転パターンのうち、図２に示すような運転パターン１のデータ、たとえば、変位データＡ（Ｐ１，Ｔ１）、Ｂ（Ｐ２，Ｔ２）、Ｃ（Ｐ３，Ｔ３）、Ｄ（Ｐ４，Ｔ４）、Ｅ（Ｐ５，Ｔ５）の読込みを行う。
【００３７】
次いで、ステップＳ２において、制御部１００の演算部で、時間当りの変圧量を下記のように計算して求める。
【００３８】
【数１】
（Ｐ１−０）／（Ｔ１−０）＝ΔＰｔ１（０からＡ点間）
【００３９】
【数２】
（Ｐ２−Ｐ１）／（Ｔ２−Ｔ１）＝ΔＰｔ２（Ａ点からＢ点間）
【００４０】
【数３】
（Ｐ３−Ｐ２）／（Ｔ３−Ｔ２）＝ΔＰｔ３（Ｂ点からＣ点間）
【００４１】
【数４】
（Ｐ４−Ｐ３）／（Ｔ４−Ｔ３）＝ΔＰｔ４（Ｃ点からＤ点間）
【００４２】
【数５】
（Ｐ５−Ｐ４）／（Ｔ５−Ｔ４）＝ΔＰｔ５（Ｄ点からＥ点間）
次に、ステップＳ３において、圧搾工程がスタートすると、圧搾タイマーＴＴがスタートする。
【００４３】
次に、ステップＳ４において、油圧ポンプ５０ａの回転がスタートする。
【００４４】
次に、ステップＳ５〜Ｓ７において、圧搾時間ＴＴがＴ１に達するまで、ΔＰｔ１×ＴＴの圧力に相当する制御信号を、制御部１００から圧力制御弁５５に入力し、圧搾圧力を制御し、圧搾圧力は０からＡ点に変位する。
【００４５】
次に、ステップＳ８，Ｓ９において、圧搾時間Ｔ１よりＴ２に達するまで、ΔＰｔ２×（ＴＴ−Ｔ１）の圧力に相当する制御信号を、制御部１００から圧力制御弁５５に入力し、圧搾圧力を制御し、圧搾圧力はＡ点からＢ点に変位する。
【００４６】
以下同様にして、ステップＳ１０〜Ｓ１１において、Ｃ点、Ｄ点を経由して圧搾時間Ｔ４からＴ５に達するまで、ΔＰｔ５×（ＴＴ−Ｔ４）の圧力に相当する制御信号を制御部１００から圧力制御弁５５に入力し、圧搾圧力を制御し、圧搾圧力はＤ点からＥ点に変位して所定の運転パターン１にて、圧搾工程を終了する。
【００４７】
なお、圧搾工程が終了したときの可動板４の傾斜は無くなっており、上部、下部のケーキ厚さはほぼ均一となっている。ここで、可動板４の傾斜を無くす方法の一例としては、予め、どの程度傾斜すれば圧搾終了後に傾斜が無くなるかを調べて容積設定を行う方法がある。この容積設定は、油圧シリンダに設けた変位センサにより油圧シリンダの動作距離を検出して行うことができ、上記変位センサによる油圧シリンダの動作距離の検出により可動板の傾斜を無くすように設定することができる。
【００４８】
（ケーキ排出工程）
次に、圧搾工程終了後、油圧シリンダ５１，５２を逆駆動して可動板４による濾材１の圧搾を解除する。
【００４９】
次に、第１、第２開閉シリンダ６，７を逆駆動して、濾材１の上部及び下端部開口を開き、濾材１内のケーキ１６をその自重による濾材１の下方への落下と、さらに振動機１２，１２やバネによる振動で、ケーキ１６は濾材１の下方に落下する。落下したケーキ１６は、図１３に示されるように、スクリュコンベヤ１８のケーキ回収装置により回収される。
【００５０】
なお、濾過圧搾工程のときに濾過された濾液１７は濾液受皿９により、流樋９１を通り回収される。
【００５１】
上記運転パターンとしては、原液の種類に応じた種々の運転パターンを記憶しておき、原液の種類に応じて運転パターンを選択できるようにするのが好ましい。
【００５２】
上記実施形態によれば、上記濾材１を上記可動板４により押圧するとき、油圧ポンプ５０ａから上記可動板４の上部駆動用油圧シリンダ５１側及び上記可動板４の下部駆動用油圧シリンダ５２側へ伝達される油圧を利用して上記可動板４による上記濾材１の押圧を行うとともに、上記油圧ポンプ５０ａから上記可動板４の上部駆動用油圧シリンダ５１側及び上記可動板４の下部駆動用油圧シリンダ５２側へ伝達される上記油圧を制御する圧力制御弁５５に入力される入力電流を、圧搾時間と圧搾圧力との関係を示す運転パターンから算出された時間当りの変圧量と圧搾時間の経過とに応じて制御して、上記圧搾時間の経過に応じて上記運転パターンに基く圧搾圧力を圧力変動させることができる。従って、圧搾工程における圧搾圧力を、時間経過に応じて電流制御することができるので、圧搾圧力を容易に変動させることができる。また、従来は、圧搾圧力上昇工程と圧搾圧力保持工程とを相当回数繰返していたので電磁弁の損傷が早かったが、上記実施形態では、圧搾工程中は電磁式切換弁の電磁弁の切り換えは行わずに、圧搾圧力は圧力制御弁の電流制御により行っているので、電磁弁の損傷が防止でき、電磁弁の保全維持管理がより容易となる。すなわち、従来では、電磁式方向切換弁の電磁弁を圧搾工程中に切り換えることにより、圧搾圧力上昇工程と圧搾圧力保持工程を段階的に繰り返していた。これに対して、本実施形態では、圧搾工程中は、電磁式切換弁の電磁弁を作動させずに、圧搾圧力は圧力制御弁の電流制御により行うようにしているため、電磁弁の損傷が防止できる。
【００５３】
また、原液の種類に応じて種々の運転パターンを選択できるようにして、原液の種類に応じて運転パターンを選択すれば、原液の種類に応じたより適確な圧搾濾過を行うことができる。
【００５４】
また、前工程の濾室容積設定において可動板４を傾斜して濾室１１の下部を上部に比べて狭くするようにすれば、圧搾濾過後、濾室１１の上部と下部でより均一な含水率のケーキが生成することができる。
【００５５】
なお、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その他種々の態様で実施できる。
【００５６】
例えば、本発明の他の実施形態の濾過方法における運転パターンとして、メモリ内に記憶された種々の運転パターンのうち図２とは異なる運転パターンを図１４に示す。図１４においては、最初の圧搾圧力の上昇割合を小さくし、後半において圧搾圧力の上昇をより大きくしたものである。
【００５７】
この場合、圧搾工程の初期には濾材１により小さい圧力がかかり濾材１の損傷をより小さくすることができ、また、圧搾工程初期の濾液１７の急激な増加を押えることができる。
【００５８】
また、上記濾材１は筒状濾材に限定されず、袋状濾材であってもよい。
【００５９】
また、上記第１、第２開閉シリンダは空気シリンダでも油圧シリンダでもよいとともに他の公知の駆動装置により同様の作用を行わせることもできる。
【００６０】
また、上記油圧シリンダと可動板とを濾材の両側に配置して可動板が油圧シリンダ側に引くことにより圧搾濾過を行っているが、上記油圧シリンダと可動板とを濾材に対して同じ方向に配置して、可動板を押すことにより圧搾濾過を行うこともできる。また、濾材に対する上記押圧シリンダの押圧作用は、一方向から押圧するものに限らず二方向から濾材を押圧してもよい。
【００６１】
なお、上記様々な実施形態のうちの任意の実施形態を適宜組み合わせることにより、それぞれの有する効果を奏するようにすることができる。
【００６２】
【発明の効果】
本発明の濾過方法及び濾過装置によれば、上記濾材を上記可動板により押圧するとき、油圧ポンプから上記可動板の上部駆動用油圧シリンダ側及び上記可動板の下部駆動用油圧シリンダ側へ伝達される油圧を利用して上記可動板による上記濾材の押圧を行うとともに、上記油圧ポンプから上記可動板の上部駆動用油圧シリンダ側及び上記可動板の下部駆動用油圧シリンダ側へ伝達される上記油圧を制御する圧力制御弁に入力される入力電流を、圧搾時間と圧搾圧力との関係を示す運転パターンから算出された時間当りの変圧量と圧搾時間の経過とに応じて制御して、上記圧搾時間の経過に応じて上記運転パターンに基く圧搾圧力を圧力変動させることができる。従って、圧搾工程における圧搾圧力を、時間経過に応じて電流制御することができるので、圧搾圧力を容易に変動させることができる。また、従来は、圧搾圧力上昇工程と圧搾圧力保持工程とを相当回数繰返していたので電磁弁の損傷が早かったが、上記実施形態では、圧搾工程中は電磁式切換弁の電磁弁の切り換えは行わずに、圧搾圧力は圧力制御弁の電流制御により行っているので、電磁弁の損傷が防止でき、電磁弁の保全維持管理がより容易となる。
【００６３】
また、原液の種類に応じて種々の運転パターンを選択できるようにして、原液の種類に応じて運転パターンを選択すれば、原液の種類に応じたより適確な圧搾濾過を行うことができる。
【００６４】
また、前工程の濾室容積設定において可動板を傾斜して濾室の下部を上部に比べて狭くするようにすれば、圧搾濾過後、濾室の上部と下部でより均一な含水率のケーキが生成することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態にかかる濾過方法を実施する濾過装置の概略構成図である。
【図２】上記実施形態にかかる原液の圧搾工程時の圧搾圧力と時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【図３】上記実施形態にかかる濾過方法の圧搾工程のフローチャートである。
【図４】図３に続く上記実施形態にかかる圧搾工程のフローチャートである。
【図５】本発明の上記実施形態にかかる上記濾過装置の正面図である。
【図６】上記濾過装置の平面図である。
【図７】上記濾過装置の右側面図である。
【図８】上記濾過装置による作動状態の前工程を示す側面図である。
【図９】上記濾過装置による作動状態の下部締切り工程を示す側面図である。
【図１０】上記濾過装置による作動状態の原料投入工程を示す側面図である。
【図１１】上記濾過装置による作動状態の上部締付け工程を示す側面図である。
【図１２】上記濾過装置による作動状態の圧搾工程を示す側面図である。
【図１３】上記濾過装置による作動状態のケーキ排出工程を示す側面図である。
【図１４】本発明の他の実施形態にかかる圧搾圧力と時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
１…濾材、２…支持体、３…固定板、４…可動板、５…駆動装置、６…第１開閉シリンダ、７…第２開閉シリンダ、８…原液投入口、９…濾液受皿、１０…濾過装置、１１…濾室、１２…振動機、１６…ケーキ、１７…濾液、１８…スクリュウコンベヤ、２１…サイドバー、３１…受板、３２，３３…係止部、４１…ローラ、５０…油圧ユニット、５０ａ…油圧ポンプ、５１…第１油圧シリンダ、５２…第２油圧シリンダ、５５…圧力制御弁、５６…圧力リリーフ弁、５７…油圧切換弁、５８…油圧バルブユニット、５８ａ…第１油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ、５８ｂ…第２油圧シリンダ用油圧バルブ、６１…下部締付バー、７１…上部締付バー、９１…流樋、９２…受皿開閉シリンダ、１００…制御部。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a filtering device and a filtering method in which, after a filter medium is closed in a bag shape, a stock solution is supplied into the filter medium to perform filtration.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type of filtration method has been proposed in various configurations.
[0003]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-38209 discloses that, after closing the lower end of a cylindrical filter medium to form a bag, a stock solution is supplied into the filter medium, and the movable plate is moved in the horizontal direction to perform compression filtration. There is a configuration in which the pressure increase step and the compression pressure holding step are sequentially repeated to perform compression filtration.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned conventional filtration method, it is necessary to repeat the pressing pressure increasing step and the pressing pressure holding step a considerable number of times before pressing and filtering to a predetermined pressing pressure, and the solenoid valve must be replaced by being damaged. There was a problem that there was something. In addition, if the compression pressure is first increased greatly, a large force is applied to the filter medium, which may damage the filter medium.If the compression pressure increase step is reduced and the above steps are repeated more frequently, the damage to the solenoid valve is quicker. There was a problem of becoming.
[0005]
Further, in the filtration device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-317704, the movable plate is inclined to widen the lower filtration chamber, but a thick cake is generated in the lower portion, and the upper and lower portions are inevitably uniform. There was a problem that a cake having a moisture content could not be produced.
[0006]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and a filtration device and a filtration method for performing compression filtration by controlling an input current of a pressure control valve to control a compression pressure in a predetermined operation pattern. Is provided.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.
[0008]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a cylindrical filter medium having a lower part closed and containing an undiluted solution to be filtered and then an upper part closed, a support supporting the filter medium, and a supporter supported by the supporter A movable plate that presses the filter medium in a state where the lower part and the upper part of the filter medium are closed, and the pressing plate with the filter medium in a state where the lower part and the upper part of the filter medium supported by the support are closed. A receiving plate that is sandwiched between and pressed to perform squeezing filtration, a first opening and closing device that can close a lower portion of the filter medium supported by the support, and a top plate that can close an upper part of the filter medium supported by the support A second opening and closing device, and a filtration device including two upper and lower hydraulic cylinders for driving the movable plate,
A hydraulic pump,
An upper switching device that selectively controls and transmits the driving force from the hydraulic pump to the upper hydraulic cylinder;
A lower switching device that selectively controls and transmits the driving force from the hydraulic pump to the lower hydraulic cylinder;
A pressure control valve for controlling a hydraulic pressure transmitted from the hydraulic pump to the upper hydraulic cylinder side and the lower hydraulic cylinder side;
The input current input to the pressure control valve is controlled according to the amount of transformation per unit time and the time of the compression time calculated from the operation pattern indicating the relationship between the compression time and the compression pressure, and the compression time is controlled. A control unit that controls the squeezing pressure based on the operation pattern to fluctuate in pressure according to the progress ,
In the filtration chamber volume setting of the filter medium before the compression filtration, the movable plate is inclined to narrow the lower part from the upper part of the filtration chamber to perform compression filtration, and at the end of filtration, the upper part and the lower part of the filtration chamber are separated. Provided is a filtration device characterized in that a cake having a uniform water content is produced with the same volume .
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the control unit, the filtration according to the first aspect in which the increase rate of squeezing pressure the first half of the expression step to be smaller than the rate of increase in the second half of the squeeze pressure pressing step Provide equipment.
[0011]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the lower part of the cylindrical filter medium supported by the support is closed, the stock solution to be filtered is stored in the filter medium, the upper part of the filter medium is closed, and the support is closed. In a filtration method of sandwiching the filter medium between the supported receiving plate and the movable plate, pressing the filter medium and compressing and filtering,
When the filter medium is pressed by the movable plate, the filter medium by the movable plate utilizes hydraulic pressure transmitted from the hydraulic pump to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate and the lower drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate. And an input current input to a pressure control valve that controls the hydraulic pressure transmitted from the hydraulic pump to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate and to the lower drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate. The compression pressure based on the operation pattern is controlled according to the amount of pressure change per unit time and the passage of the compression time calculated from the operation pattern indicating the relationship between the compression time and the compression pressure, and the passage of the compression time. Pressure fluctuation ,
In the filtration chamber volume setting of the filter medium before the compression filtration, the movable plate is inclined to narrow the lower part from the upper part of the filtration chamber to perform compression filtration, and at the end of filtration, the upper part and the lower part of the filtration chamber are separated. The present invention provides a filtration method characterized in that a cake having a uniform moisture content is produced in the same volume .
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the control unit, the filtration according to the third aspect in which the increase rate of squeezing pressure the first half of the expression step to be smaller than the rate of increase in the second half of the squeeze pressure pressing step Provide a method.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1, a filtration device 10 according to the present embodiment suspends and supports a cylindrical filter medium 1 on a support 2 via a suspending member such as a support string, and opens a lower end opening of the filter medium 1 in a first direction. After closing by the driving of the first opening / closing cylinder 6 as an example of the opening / closing device 1, a stock solution is supplied into the filtering material 1 from the upper end opening of the filtering material 1, and the upper part of the filtering material 1 as an example of the second opening / closing device. While being closed by the driving of the second opening / closing cylinder 7, the filter medium 1 containing the undiluted solution is pressed by the movable plate 4 by the driving of the upper and lower hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52 to perform squeeze filtration. The closing operation of the lower end of the filter medium 1 is released by the opening / closing cylinder 6, the lower end opening is opened, and the cake in the filter medium 1 is discharged by the screw conveyor 18 below the filter medium.
[0016]
A second opening / closing cylinder 7 and a first hydraulic cylinder 51 are arranged on the upper part of the support 2 along the horizontal direction, respectively, and a second hydraulic cylinder 52 and a first opening / closing cylinder 6 are respectively arranged on the lower part of the support 2. Place along the horizontal.
[0017]
In addition, side bars 21 are provided on both sides of the support 2, and the movable plate 4 is supported by the side bars 21, 21 via rollers 41 provided on both sides of the movable plate 4 so as to freely roll. .
[0018]
The first opening / closing cylinder 6 is provided with a lower fastening bar 61 at the tip of the piston rod, so that the first opening / closing cylinder 6 is engaged with an engaging portion 32 formed at the lower end of the receiving plate 31 of the fixed plate 3. . Therefore, the lower end of the filter medium 1 is interposed and locked between the lower tightening bar 61 and the receiving plate 31 so as to close the opening at the lower end of the filter medium 1.
[0019]
The second opening / closing cylinder 7 is provided with an upper tightening bar 71 at the tip of a piston rod thereof, so that the second opening / closing cylinder 7 is locked to a locking portion 33 formed at an upper end of the receiving plate 31 of the fixed plate 3. . Therefore, the upper part of the filter medium 1 is closed by sandwiching and locking the upper part of the filter medium 1 between the upper tightening bar 71 and the receiving plate 31.
[0020]
One end of each of the hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52 as the driving device 5 is fixed to the support 2, and the tip of each piston rod is pivotally connected to the upper and lower portions of the movable plate 4 via a pin. Therefore, by driving the hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52, the movable plate 4 is configured to be guided by the rolling of the rollers 41 and 41 on the side bars 21 and 21 and to move along the horizontal direction. Below the support 2, a filtrate receiving tray 9 for receiving the filtrate 17 that falls from the filter medium 1 during filtration and squeezing is provided so as to be movable and rotatable by driving a tray opening / closing cylinder 92.
[0021]
Further, the filtrate 17 is guided to the flow trough 91 and discharged to the outside.
[0022]
Further, the cake 16 that has been filtered and squeezed is configured to be collected by the screw conveyor 18 by the natural fall due to the movement of the movable plate 4 and the downward fall due to the forced fall due to the vibration of the vibrators 12, 12. .
[0023]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic pump 50 a is connected to suck up the oil stored in the oil tank 70 and supply it to the hydraulic switching valve 57.
[0024]
A pressure control valve 55 and a pressure relief valve 56 are connected between the hydraulic pump 50a and the hydraulic switching valve 57. The pressure control valve 55 is configured to control the pressure by a pressure control signal instructed by the control unit 100.
[0025]
The oil supplied to the hydraulic switching valve 57 passes through a hydraulic valve unit 58 having a first hydraulic cylinder hydraulic valve 58a and a second hydraulic cylinder hydraulic valve 58b, and the first hydraulic cylinder 51 and the second hydraulic cylinder 52 and is configured to perform squeeze filtration according to a required operation pattern. That is, when the hydraulic pump 50a is driven, the oil supplied to the hydraulic switching valve 57 is pressure-controlled to a predetermined pressure predetermined by the pressure control valve 55 and the pressure relief valve 56, The first hydraulic cylinder 51 and the second hydraulic cylinder 52 are supplied to both the hydraulic valve 58a for the first hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic valve 58b for the second hydraulic cylinder, so that the first hydraulic cylinder 51 and the second hydraulic cylinder 52 are driven in synchronization with each other. Moved. As a pre-process before the squeezing filtration, when the movable plate 4 is moved to a predetermined position by driving the hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52 and the volume of the filtration chamber 11 is determined by the gap between the movable plate 4 and the receiving plate 31, The supply of oil from the hydraulic pump 50a to the first hydraulic cylinder 51 is temporarily stopped by switching the second hydraulic cylinder hydraulic valve 58b, while the second hydraulic cylinder 58 By continuing to supply the oil to the hydraulic cylinder 52, the hydraulic cylinder 52 below the upper hydraulic cylinder 51 is driven slightly larger than the upper hydraulic cylinder 51, as shown in FIG. The predetermined upper and lower volumes of the filter chamber 11 can be determined by tilting the movable plate 4 so as to reduce the volume on the side. This is because the control unit 100 controls the input current to the pressure control valve 55, the first hydraulic cylinder hydraulic valve 58a, and the second hydraulic cylinder hydraulic valve 58b, so that the first hydraulic cylinder 51 and the second hydraulic cylinder It is possible to control the hydraulic pressure supplied to each of the 52, and to perform the compression filtration by controlling the compression pressure in a predetermined operation pattern. Here, the reason why the movable plate 4 is inclined to set the lower part of the filter chamber 11 narrower than the upper part in setting the filter chamber volume is as follows. That is, the solid content in the stock solution tends to settle downward due to gravity. Therefore, in order to generate a cake with a more uniform moisture content in the upper and lower parts after the end of the pressing step, the lower part is narrowed at the time of setting the volume, the amount of sedimentation in the lower part is reduced, and the amount of solids after the end of pressing is the same. That is, it is only necessary to form a cake having a uniform moisture content.
[0026]
Various operation patterns are stored in a memory connected to the control unit 100 in advance, and the control unit 100 operates the pressure control valve 55 in accordance with an operation pattern selected by an operator from the operation patterns stored in the memory. By controlling the drive of the first hydraulic cylinder 51 and the second hydraulic cylinder 52 to fluctuate the pressure of the movable plate 4 on the cake of the filter medium 1 and reduce the pressing pressure to the predetermined predetermined value. Squeezing filtration is performed by controlling the operation pattern.
[0027]
Thus, the second opening / closing cylinder 7, the first opening / closing cylinder 6, the pan opening / closing cylinder 92, the screw conveyor 18, the vibrators 12, 12, the hydraulic pump 50a, the hydraulic switching valve 57, and the hydraulic valve 58a for the first hydraulic cylinder. The operation of the second hydraulic cylinder hydraulic valve 58b, the first hydraulic cylinder 51, the second hydraulic cylinder 52, and the like is controlled by the control unit 100 so that a desired filtration and squeezing step is automatically performed. I have.
[0028]
Next, a filtration method using the filtration device according to the above embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0029]
(pre-process)
First, the support string of the cylindrical filter medium 1 is suspended and supported by the vibrators 12, 12 and a spring.
[0030]
When the movable plate 4 is moved to a predetermined position by driving the hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52, and the volume of the filter chamber 11 of the cylindrical filter medium 1 is determined by the gap between the movable plate 4 and the receiving plate 31, By driving the hydraulic cylinder 52 below the hydraulic cylinder 51 a little larger, the movable plate 4 is inclined so that the volume on the lower side is smaller than the volume on the upper side of the filter chamber 11 as shown in FIG. The predetermined upper and lower volumes of the filter chamber 11 of the cylindrical filter medium 1 are determined.
[0031]
(Lower cutoff process)
Next, the lower tightening bar 61 is moved by driving the first opening / closing cylinder 6, and the lower end opening of the filter medium 1 is closed as shown in FIG.
[0032]
(Raw material input process)
Next, the undiluted solution 15 is supplied into the filter medium 1 whose lower end is closed through the undiluted solution inlet 8 shown in FIG.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 10, the lower part of the filter chamber 11 narrows the filter chamber 11, so that the thickness of the filter chamber 11 is smaller than the upper part. However, the solids in the stock solution 15 settle more at the lower part due to gravity.
[0034]
(Upper tightening process)
Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the upper tightening bar 71 is moved by driving the second opening / closing cylinder 7, and the upper portion of the filter medium 1 is closed.
[0035]
(Compression filtration process)
Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the movable plate 4 is moved by driving the hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52, and the filter medium 1 is moved between the movable plate 4 and the receiving plate 31 in an operation pattern as described in detail below. Press to squeeze the cake in filter medium 1.
[0036]
Here, when the cake in the filter medium 1 is squeezed, as shown in FIG. 3, first, in step S1, the control section 100 selects one of the various operation patterns stored in the memory as shown in FIG. The data of the operation pattern 1 such as displacement data A (P1, T1), B (P2, T2), C (P3, T3), D (P4, T4), and E (P5, T5) are read.
[0037]
Next, in step S2, the calculation unit of the control unit 100 calculates and obtains the amount of transformation per time as follows.
[0038]
(Equation 1)
(P1-0) / (T1-0) = ΔPt1 (between 0 and point A)
[0039]
(Equation 2)
(P2-P1) / (T2-T1) = ΔPt2 (between point A and point B)
[0040]
(Equation 3)
(P3-P2) / (T3-T2) = ΔPt3 (between point B and point C)
[0041]
(Equation 4)
(P4-P3) / (T4-T3) = ΔPt4 (between point C and point D)
[0042]
(Equation 5)
(P5-P4) / (T5-T4) = ΔPt5 (between point D and point E)
Next, in step S3, when the squeezing process starts, the squeezing timer TT starts.
[0043]
Next, in step S4, the rotation of the hydraulic pump 50a starts.
[0044]
Next, in steps S5 to S7, a control signal corresponding to a pressure of ΔPt1 × TT is input from the control unit 100 to the pressure control valve 55 until the pressing time TT reaches T1, and the pressing pressure is controlled. Is displaced from 0 to the point A.
[0045]
Next, in steps S8 and S9, a control signal corresponding to a pressure of ΔPt2 × (TT−T1) is input from the control unit 100 to the pressure control valve 55 until the compression time T1 reaches T2, and the compression pressure is controlled. Then, the pressing pressure changes from the point A to the point B.
[0046]
Similarly, in steps S10 to S11, the control unit 100 transmits a control signal corresponding to a pressure of ΔPt5 × (TT−T4) from the control unit 100 until the compression time T4 reaches T5 via points C and D. The pressure is input to the valve 55 to control the pressing pressure. The pressing pressure is displaced from the point D to the point E, and the pressing step is completed in a predetermined operation pattern 1.
[0047]
In addition, the inclination of the movable plate 4 when the squeezing process is completed is eliminated, and the cake thickness of the upper and lower portions is substantially uniform. Here, as an example of a method of eliminating the inclination of the movable plate 4, there is a method of determining in advance how much the inclination of the movable plate 4 should be eliminated after the end of the pressing to set the volume. This volume setting can be performed by detecting the operating distance of the hydraulic cylinder by a displacement sensor provided on the hydraulic cylinder, and by setting the displacement sensor to detect the operating distance of the hydraulic cylinder to eliminate the inclination of the movable plate. Can be.
[0048]
(Cake discharge process)
Next, after the end of the pressing step, the hydraulic cylinders 51 and 52 are driven in reverse to release the pressing of the filter medium 1 by the movable plate 4.
[0049]
Next, the first and second opening / closing cylinders 6 and 7 are driven in reverse to open the upper and lower end openings of the filter medium 1, and the cake 16 in the filter medium 1 falls below the filter medium 1 by its own weight, and The cake 16 falls below the filter medium 1 due to vibrations caused by the vibrators 12, 12 and a spring. The dropped cake 16 is collected by the cake collecting device of the screw conveyor 18 as shown in FIG.
[0050]
The filtrate 17 filtered in the filtration and pressing step is collected by the filtrate receiving tray 9 through the flow trough 91.
[0051]
As the operation pattern, it is preferable that various operation patterns corresponding to the type of the stock solution are stored so that the operation pattern can be selected according to the type of the stock solution.
[0052]
According to the embodiment, when the filter medium 1 is pressed by the movable plate 4, the hydraulic pump 50 a moves to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder 51 side of the movable plate 4 and the lower drive hydraulic cylinder 52 side of the movable plate 4. Utilizing the transmitted hydraulic pressure, the movable plate 4 presses the filter medium 1, and the hydraulic pump 50 a drives the movable plate 4 on the upper drive hydraulic cylinder 51 side and the movable plate 4 lower drive hydraulic cylinder. The input current input to the pressure control valve 55 for controlling the oil pressure transmitted to the 52 side is expressed by the amount of pressure change per unit time and the passage of the compression time calculated from an operation pattern indicating the relationship between the compression time and the compression pressure. , The pressure of the squeezing pressure based on the operation pattern can be varied according to the elapse of the squeezing time. Therefore, the pressing pressure in the pressing step can be current-controlled according to the passage of time, so that the pressing pressure can be easily changed. Also, conventionally, the damage to the electromagnetic valve was quick because the pressing pressure increasing step and the pressing pressure holding step were repeated a considerable number of times, but in the above embodiment, the switching of the electromagnetic valve of the electromagnetic switching valve during the pressing step was not performed. Since the squeezing pressure is not performed by the current control of the pressure control valve, damage to the solenoid valve can be prevented, and maintenance and management of the solenoid valve becomes easier. That is, conventionally, by switching the solenoid valve of the electromagnetic directional switching valve during the pressing step, the pressing pressure increasing step and the pressing pressure holding step were repeated stepwise. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, during the pressing step, the pressing pressure is controlled by the current control of the pressure control valve without operating the solenoid valve of the electromagnetic switching valve, so that the damage of the solenoid valve is reduced. Can be prevented.
[0053]
In addition, if various operation patterns can be selected according to the type of the undiluted solution, and if the operation pattern is selected according to the type of the undiluted solution, more appropriate squeeze filtration can be performed according to the type of the undiluted solution.
[0054]
In addition, if the movable plate 4 is inclined so that the lower part of the filter chamber 11 is narrower than the upper part in the filter chamber volume setting in the previous step, after the squeeze filtration, the upper and lower parts of the filter chamber 11 have more uniform water content. Rate cake can be produced.
[0055]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be implemented in other various modes.
[0056]
For example, FIG. 14 shows an operation pattern different from FIG. 2 among various operation patterns stored in the memory as an operation pattern in the filtration method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, the rate of increase in the initial compression pressure is reduced, and the increase in the compression pressure is increased in the second half.
[0057]
In this case, a smaller pressure is applied to the filter medium 1 in the early stage of the squeezing step, so that the damage of the filter medium 1 can be reduced, and the rapid increase of the filtrate 17 in the early stage of the squeezing step can be suppressed.
[0058]
The filter medium 1 is not limited to a cylindrical filter medium, but may be a bag-shaped filter medium.
[0059]
Further, the first and second opening / closing cylinders may be pneumatic cylinders or hydraulic cylinders, and similar operations can be performed by other known driving devices.
[0060]
Also, while the hydraulic cylinder and the movable plate are arranged on both sides of the filter medium and the movable plate is pulled toward the hydraulic cylinder to perform squeeze filtration, the hydraulic cylinder and the movable plate are moved in the same direction with respect to the filter medium. Squeezing filtration can also be performed by arranging and pressing a movable plate. Further, the pressing action of the pressing cylinder on the filter medium is not limited to pressing in one direction, and the filter medium may be pressed in two directions.
[0061]
Note that by appropriately combining any of the various embodiments described above, the effects of the respective embodiments can be achieved.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
According to the filtration method and the filtration device of the present invention, when the filter medium is pressed by the movable plate, the filter medium is transmitted from the hydraulic pump to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate and the lower drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate. While pressing the filter medium by the movable plate using the hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure transmitted from the hydraulic pump to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate and the lower drive hydraulic cylinder side of the movable plate is reduced. The input current input to the pressure control valve to be controlled is controlled according to the amount of transformation per unit time and the elapsed time of the compression time calculated from the operation pattern indicating the relationship between the compression time and the compression pressure, and the compression time is controlled. The squeezing pressure based on the operation pattern can be pressure-fluctuated in accordance with the progress of. Therefore, the pressing pressure in the pressing step can be current-controlled according to the passage of time, so that the pressing pressure can be easily changed. Also, conventionally, the damage to the electromagnetic valve was quick because the pressing pressure increasing step and the pressing pressure holding step were repeated a considerable number of times, but in the above embodiment, the switching of the electromagnetic valve of the electromagnetic switching valve during the pressing step was not performed. Since the squeezing pressure is not performed by the current control of the pressure control valve, damage to the solenoid valve can be prevented, and maintenance and management of the solenoid valve becomes easier.
[0063]
In addition, if various operation patterns can be selected according to the type of the undiluted solution, and if the operation pattern is selected according to the type of the undiluted solution, more appropriate squeeze filtration can be performed according to the type of the undiluted solution.
[0064]
In addition, if the movable plate is inclined so that the lower part of the filter chamber is narrower than the upper part in the filter chamber volume setting in the previous process, the cake having a more uniform moisture content in the upper and lower parts of the filter chamber after squeezing filtration. Can be generated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a filtration device that performs a filtration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a pressing pressure and a time in a pressing step of a stock solution according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a pressing step of the filtration method according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a pressing process according to the embodiment, following FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the filtration device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the filtration device.
FIG. 7 is a right side view of the filtration device.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a pre-process in an operating state by the filtration device.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing a lower cutoff process in an operating state by the filtration device.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing a raw material charging step in an operating state by the filtration device.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing an upper tightening step in an operating state by the filtration device.
FIG. 12 is a side view showing a pressing step in an operating state by the filtration device.
FIG. 13 is a side view showing a cake discharging step in an operating state by the filtration device.
FIG. 14 is a graph showing a relationship between a pressing pressure and time according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Filter medium, 2 ... Support, 3 ... Fixed plate, 4 ... Movable plate, 5 ... Driver, 6 ... First opening / closing cylinder, 7 ... Second opening / closing cylinder, 8 ... Undiluted liquid inlet, 9 ... Filtrate receiving tray, 10 ... filtration device, 11 ... filtration chamber, 12 ... vibrator, 16 ... cake, 17 ... filtrate, 18 ... screw conveyor, 21 ... side bar, 31 ... receiving plate, 32, 33 ... locking part, 41 ... roller, 50 ... Hydraulic unit, 50a ... Hydraulic pump, 51 ... First hydraulic cylinder, 52 ... Second hydraulic cylinder, 55 ... Pressure control valve, 56 ... Pressure relief valve, 57 ... Hydraulic switching valve, 58 ... Hydraulic valve unit, 58a ... 1 hydraulic valve for hydraulic cylinder, 58b hydraulic valve for second hydraulic cylinder, 61 lower tightening bar, 71 upper tightening bar, 91 flow trough, 92 pan opening / closing cylinder, 100 control unit.

Claims

A cylindrical filter medium (1) having a lower part closed and containing an undiluted solution to be filtered and then an upper part closed, a support (2) supporting the filter medium, and a filter medium supported by the support. A movable plate (4) for pressing the filter medium in a state where the lower part and the upper part are closed, and a filter plate in which the filter medium is pressed with the lower part and the upper part of the filter medium supported by the support member closed. A receiving plate (31) that is sandwiched and pressed to perform squeezing filtration, a first opening / closing device (6) capable of closing a lower portion of the filter medium supported by the support, and the filter medium supported by the support A filtering device comprising: a second opening / closing device (7) capable of closing an upper portion of the filter; and two upper and lower hydraulic cylinders (51, 52) for driving the movable plate.
A hydraulic pump (50a);
An upper switching device (58a) that switches and controls the driving force from the hydraulic pump (50a) and selectively transmits the driving force to the upper hydraulic cylinder (51);
A lower switching device (58b) that switches and controls the driving force from the hydraulic pump (50a) and selectively transmits the driving force to the lower hydraulic cylinder (52);
A pressure control valve (55) for controlling a hydraulic pressure transmitted from the hydraulic pump (50a) to the upper hydraulic cylinder (51) and the lower hydraulic cylinder (52);
The input current input to the pressure control valve (55) is controlled according to the amount of change in pressure per time calculated from an operation pattern indicating the relationship between the compression time and the compression pressure and the elapsed time of the compression time. A control unit (100) that controls the pressing pressure based on the operation pattern to fluctuate according to the elapse of the pressing time ,
In the filtration chamber volume setting of the filter medium before the compression filtration, the movable plate is inclined to narrow the lower part from the upper part of the filtration chamber to perform compression filtration, and at the end of filtration, the upper part and the lower part of the filtration chamber are separated. A filter device characterized in that a cake having a uniform water content is generated with the same volume .

The filtering device according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to set an increasing ratio of a pressing pressure in a first half of the pressing process to be smaller than an increasing ratio of a pressing pressure in a second half of the pressing process.

The lower part of the cylindrical filter medium (1) supported by the support (2) is closed, the stock solution to be filtered is stored in the filter medium (1), the upper part of the filter medium (1) is closed, and the support is closed. In a filtration method of sandwiching the filter medium between a receiving plate (31) supported by a body and the movable plate (4), pressing the filter medium, and performing compression filtration,
When the filter medium is pressed by the movable plate, the hydraulic pressure transmitted from the hydraulic pump (50a) to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder (51) of the movable plate and the lower drive hydraulic cylinder (52) of the movable plate is reduced. The movable plate is used to press the filter medium, and the hydraulic pump (50a) is moved to the upper drive hydraulic cylinder (51) side of the movable plate and the lower drive hydraulic cylinder (52) side of the movable plate. The input current input to the pressure control valve (55) for controlling the hydraulic pressure to be transmitted is converted into the amount of pressure change per time and the passage of the compression time calculated from an operation pattern indicating the relationship between the compression time and the compression pressure. And the pressure of the pressing pressure based on the operation pattern is fluctuated according to the elapse of the pressing time .
In the filtration chamber volume setting of the filter medium before the compression filtration, the movable plate is inclined to narrow the lower part from the upper part of the filtration chamber to perform compression filtration, and at the end of filtration, the upper part and the lower part of the filtration chamber are separated. A filtration method characterized in that a cake having a uniform water content is produced with the same volume .

The filtering method according to claim 3 , wherein the control unit sets an increasing rate of the pressing pressure in the first half of the pressing step to be smaller than an increasing rate of the pressing pressure in the second half of the pressing step.