JP3573785B2 - Glyceryl ethers and their production - Google Patents

Glyceryl ethers and their production Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3573785B2
JP3573785B2 JP09734294A JP9734294A JP3573785B2 JP 3573785 B2 JP3573785 B2 JP 3573785B2 JP 09734294 A JP09734294 A JP 09734294A JP 9734294 A JP9734294 A JP 9734294A JP 3573785 B2 JP3573785 B2 JP 3573785B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reaction
mol
water
ketone
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP09734294A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0725804A (en
Inventor
庄次 中川
行永 横田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kao Corp
Original Assignee
Kao Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kao Corp filed Critical Kao Corp
Priority to JP09734294A priority Critical patent/JP3573785B2/en
Publication of JPH0725804A publication Critical patent/JPH0725804A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3573785B2 publication Critical patent/JP3573785B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、油性汚れ溶解剤、水に可溶な有機溶剤、極性油、乳化剤、潤滑剤、保湿剤等として、又界面活性剤の製造中間体として有用なグリセリルエーテル類及びその製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、アルキルグリセリルエーテルは、香料の固定剤(米国特許第2091162号)、石鹸の添加剤(米国特許第2157022号、同第3350460号)、有機物質の抽出溶剤(米国特許第2156724号)、保湿剤(特開平3−14505号、特開平3−14506号)、水性インキ組成物の成分(特開昭58−67770号)、化粧料成分(特開昭52−12109号、特公昭57−36260号、特公平3−31187号)等の広い分野で利用されている。
【0003】
このアルキルグリセリルエーテルとしては、魚類の脂質中に存在するパルミチルグリセリルエーテル(キミルアルコール)やステアリルグリセリルエーテル(バチルアルコール)などが古くから知られている。これらの天然アルキルグリセリルエーテルは、乳化剤として優れた性能を有することから広い分野で使用されているが、融点の高い固体であるため、化粧料等の多成分配合系では使用上の制約が多いという欠点を有している。そこで、種々のアルキル基を有するグリセリルエーテルが合成され、化粧料等に配合されている。その例としては、ラウリルグリセリルエーテル、β−分岐アルキルグリセリルエーテル(特開昭52−12109号)、アルキル鎖のほぼ中央付近にメチル分岐を有するイソステアリルグリセリルエーテル混合物(特公昭57−36260号)、テルペンアルコールのグリセリルエーテル(特公平3−31187号)等がある。
【0004】
一方、これらのアルキルグリセリルエーテルの製造方法としては、アルコールとエピクロルヒドリンから合成されるアルキルグリシジルエーテル(米国特許第3024273号、特公昭57−36260号)を中間体として1,3−ジオキソランを経由して加水分解する方法(特開昭56−133281号)、及び当該アルキルグリシジルエーテルを直接加水分解する方法(特開昭49−86307号)が知られている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来のアルキルグリセリルエーテルは、混合物であるために品質管理が困難であったり、原料が天然物由来のものであるため入手量が制限され、高価になるなどの欠点があった。
また、従来のアルキルグリセリルエーテルの合成方法は、食塩などの廃棄物を大量に生じることや、生産性が悪く、工程が複雑であることなどから製品が高価なものとなってしまうという問題点を有していた。
従って、本発明の目的は、幅広い用途に使用できる新規なアルキルグリセリルエーテル及びその工業的に有利な製造法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで本発明者らは容易に入手し得る原料を用いてアルキルグリセリルエーテルを得るべく種々検討してきたところ、アルデヒド又はケトン類を原料とし、アセタール又はケタールを経由する合成法により工業的に有利にアルキルグリセリルエーテルが得られること、さらに、得られた化合物の中には低融点で使用性が良く、極性油や、化粧料の成分として有用な新規化合物が存在することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は次の一般式(2)
【0008】
【化4】

Figure 0003573785
【0009】
〔式中、Rは水素原子もしくは炭素数1〜21のアルキル基を示すか、又はRと一緒になって炭素数2〜21のアルキレン基を形成し、Rは炭素数1〜21のアルキル基を示す。ただし、R、R共にα位に水素原子を有さないアルキル基である場合を除く。〕
で表わされるカルボニル化合物に、酸触媒下グリセリンを反応させ、得られた化合物に水素添加することを特徴とする一般式(1)
【0010】
【化5】
Figure 0003573785
【0011】
〔式中、R及びRは前記と同じものを示す〕
で表わされるグリセリルエーテル類の製造法を提供するものである。
【0012】
また、本発明は、次の一般式(1A)
【0013】
【化6】
Figure 0003573785
【0014】
〔式中、R1a及びR2aは同一でも異なっていてもよい炭素数2〜21のアルキル基を示す〕
で表わされるグリセリルエーテル類を提供するものである。
【0015】
本発明において、R及びRで示される炭素数1〜21のアルキル基としては、直鎖及び分岐鎖のいずれも挙げられ、具体的には、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、1−エチルペンチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基、ノナデシル基、エイコシル基、ヘンエイコシル基、イソヘプタデシル基、1−メチルオクチル基、1−メチルデシル基等が挙げられる。また、RとRが一緒になって形成する炭素数2〜21のアルキレン基としては、エチレン基、トリメチレン基、テトラメチレン基、ペンタメチレン基、1−メチルペンタメチレン基、2−メチルペンタメチレン基、3−メチルペンタメチレン基、1−tert−ブチルペンタメチレン基、3−tert−ブチルペンタメチレン基、ヘキサメチレン基、ヘプタメチレン基等が挙げられる。
【0016】
これらのR及びRがそれぞれ炭素数2〜21のアルキル基である場合、式(1)のアルキルグリセリルエーテル類は新規化合物であり、潤滑剤、極性油として、さらに、乳化剤、保湿剤等として有用である。
【0017】
本発明方法は、次の反応式で表わすことができる。
【0018】
【化7】
Figure 0003573785
【0019】
〔式中、R及びRは前記と同じものを示す〕
【0020】
本発明方法に用いられるカルボニル化合物(2)には、アルキルアルデヒド及びジアルキルケトンがあるが、このうちアルキルアルデヒドは、例えば脂肪アルコールの脱水素反応、オレフィンのヒドロホルミル化反応(オキソ法)、脂肪酸クロライドのローゼムント還元や脂肪酸よりの直接水素添加等によって容易に得られる。オキソ法の場合直鎖体と分岐体が生成するが精密蒸留により単品に分離精製することができる。当該アルキルアルデヒドの具体例を挙げると以下のようになるが必ずしもこれらに限定されるものではない。例えば、アセトアルデヒド、プロピオンアルデヒド、ブチルアルデヒド、イソブチルアルデヒド、バレルアルデヒド、イソバレルアルデヒド、カプロンアルデヒド、ヘプチルアルデヒド、カプリルアルデヒド、2−エチルヘキシルアルデヒド、ペラルゴンアルデヒド、カプリンアルデヒド、ウンデカンアルデヒド、ラウリンアルデヒド、トリデカンアルデヒド、ミリスチンアルデヒド、ペンタデカンアルデヒド、パルミチンアルデヒド、マルガリンアルデヒド、ステアリンアルデヒド、イソステアリンアルデヒド、2−メチルノニルアルデヒド、2−メチルウンデシルアルデヒド、ベヘニンアルデヒドなどが挙げられる。
【0021】
また、本反応に用いられるジアルキルケトンは安価なオレオケミカルである脂肪酸の高温脱炭酸二量化反応やオレフィンの触媒酸化反応(ワッカー法)や第2級アルコールの酸化、脱水素やシクロアルカンの酸化等によって容易に得られる。ワッカー法の場合、得られるケトンは分布を持つが精密蒸留により単品に分離精製することができる。ジアルキルケトンの具体例を挙げると以下のようになるが必ずしもこれらに限定されるものではない。例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルプロピルケトン、メチルイソプロピルケトン、メチルブチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、メチルペンチルケトン、メチルヘキシルケトン、メチルヘプチルケトン、メチルオクチルケトン、メチルノニルケトン、メチルデシルケトン、メチルウンデシルケトン、メチルドデシルケトン、メチルトリデシルケトン、メチルテトラデシルケトン、メチルペンタデシルケトン、メチルヘキサデシルケトン、メチルヘプタデシルケトン、メチルオクタデシルケトン、メチルノナデシルケトン、メチルエイコシルケトン、メチルヘンエイコシルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、2−メチルシクロヘキサノン、3−メチルシクロヘキサノン、4−メチルシクロヘキサノン、2−tert−ブチルシクロヘキサノン、4−tert−ブチルシクロヘキサノン、シクロペンタノン、シクロブタノン、シクロプロパノン、シクロドデカノン、シクロヘプタノン、シクロオクタノン、ジエチルケトン、ジプロピルケトン、ジブチルケトン、ジペンチルケトン、ジヘキシルケトン、ジヘプチルケトン、ジオクチルケトン、ジノニルケトン、ジウンデシルケトン、ジトリデシルケトン、ジペンタデシルケトン、ジヘプタデシルケトン、3−ヘキサノン、3−ヘプタノン、3−オクタノン、4−オクタノン、3−ノナノン、4−ノナノン、3−デカノン、4−デカノン、3−ウンデカノン、4−ウンデカノン、5−ウンデカノン、3−ドデカノン、5−ドデカノン、3−トリデカノン、ジイソプロピルケトン、ジイソブチルケトンなどが挙げられる。
【0022】
本反応の第一段階であるアルキルアルデヒド(2)とグリセリンとの反応はアセタール化反応であり、アルキルアルデヒドに対するグリセリンの比率(モル比)は1.5〜0.2好ましくは1.2〜0.6である。この反応は触媒としてパラトルエンスルホン酸、メタンスルホン酸、硫酸などの酸触媒をアルキルアルデヒド(2)に対して0.01〜5モル%、好ましくは0.1〜1モル%用いて行なう。この方法は無溶媒あるいはキシレン、トルエン、ベンゼン、オクタン、イソオクタン、ヘプタン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ペンタン、ブタン、リグロイン、石油エーテルなどの不活性溶媒あるいはこれらの混合溶媒中で、使用するアルデヒドの沸点にもよるが20〜130℃、好ましくは50〜100℃の温度にて生成する水を除去しながら行なうのが好ましい。温度が低いと反応が進行せず、高いと着色が激しく副反応が生じる。また、窒素流通条件下、窒素雰囲気下及び空気雰囲気下のいずれでもよい。反応時間は、種々の条件によって変りうるが通常1〜30時間が好ましい。得られたアセタールは中和したのち濾過、洗浄等の前処理を行なったのち、白土処理、晶析、蒸留などの操作によって精製できる。
【0023】
また、ジアルキルケトン(2)とグリセリンとの反応はケタール化反応であり、ジアルキルケトンに対するグリセリンの比率(モル比)は1.5〜0.2、好ましくは1.2〜0.6である。この反応は、触媒としてパラトルエンスルホン酸、メタンスルホン酸、硫酸などの酸触媒をジアルキルケトン(2)に対して0.1〜5モル%、好ましくは1〜3モル%用いて行なう。この反応は無溶媒あるいはキシレン、トルエン、ベンゼン、オクタン、イソオクタン、ヘプタン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ペンタン、リグロイン、石油エーテルなどの不活性溶媒中あるいはこれらの混合溶媒中で、使用するケトンの沸点にもよるが40〜130℃、好ましくは70〜100℃の温度にて生成する水を除去しながら行なうのが好ましい。温度がこれより低いと反応が進行せず高いと着色が激しく副反応が生じ好ましくない。また窒素流通条件下、窒素雰囲気下及び空気雰囲気下のいずれでもよい。反応時間は種々の条件によって変りうるが通常5〜200時間が好ましい。得られたケタールは中和したのち濾過、洗浄等の前処理を行なったのち、白土処理、晶析、蒸留などの操作によって精製することができる。
【0024】
第二段階のアセタールあるいはケタール〔(3)及び(4)〕の水素添加反応は、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、プラチナ等、通常の水素化分解触媒をアセタノールあるいはケタールに対し、5〜5000ppm 添加し、水素圧を常圧〜250kg/cm、温度を50〜250℃とし、1〜30時間反応させればよい。上記水素化分解触媒は、これらをカーボン、アルミナ、シリカ、ケイソウ土、酸化チタン等に0.1〜20%担持させたものを使用してもよい。なお、水素化分解触媒としては、パラジウムが特に好ましく、そのpHは5〜8のものが特に好ましい。又、水分はあらかじめ除去されていることが好ましい。この反応は無溶媒でも、デカン、オクタン、イソオクタン、ヘプタン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等の不活性溶媒を用いてもよい。また、アセタール、ケタールの原料であるグリセリンやアルキルアルデヒド、ジアルキルケトンを添加してもよい。さらに、リン酸などの酸性物質を微量添加してもよい。反応は密閉方式でも、水素流通方式でもよい。
【0025】
反応混合物から本発明化合物(1)を単離するには、濾過を行なって触媒を除去したのち、常法により、例えば溶媒留去、洗浄、再結晶、蒸留、クロマトグラフィー等を単独又は組み合せて行なうことができる。
【0026】
なお、この反応においては、本発明化合物(1)以外に、下記の化合物(5)及び(6)が副生する。
【0027】
【化8】
Figure 0003573785
【0028】
〔式中、R及びRは前記と同じものを示す〕
【0029】
反応混合物中に、化合物(6)が多く含まれている場合には、反応混合物を濾過し、エバポレートした後充分量の0.1〜1Nの塩酸等の酸触媒とエタノールの混合酸性水溶液中で加水分解することにより、化合物(6)を本発明化合物(1)と化合物(2)に変換させた後に単離するのが好ましい。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアルキルグリセリルエーテル(1A)は、そのアルキル部分が炭素鎖のα−位で分岐しているため、分子量が大きい割りには、融点が低く、室温で液体であるものが多く、物性が良好であるため、潤滑剤や極性油としての使用性が良好である。また、水との相互作用も認められ、乳化剤や保湿剤などとしても有用である。また、本発明方法によれば、安価で供給が充分可能なオレオケミカルや合成のアルデヒド及びケトンとグリセリンとから、アルキルグリセリルエーテルが安価に高収率で合成できる。さらに、食塩が副生する通常のエーテル化反応とは異なり、廃棄物を出さず生産性も良い反応であるので近年の環境問題の点からも優れている。さらに、エーテル化に際し、エピクロルヒドリンやアルキルハライドのような有機塩素や有機臭素や有機ヨウ素を含有する原料を使用しないので、得られるアルキルグリセリルエーテルは完全に有機塩素や有機臭素や有機ヨウ素を含まない安定性に優れたものとなる。そして、従来のグリシジルエーテルを加水分解して得られるグリセリルエーテルはエポキシ基が残存する可能性があるが、本発明によればそのような心配もなく安全性にも優れたものである。
【0031】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0032】
実施例1
3−ヘキシルオキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(1a)の合成:
【0033】
(1)2−ペンチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4a)及び2−ペンチル−1,3−ジオキサン−5−オール(3a)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた容量3lの反応容器にカプロアルデヒド400g(3.994モル)、グリセリン404.5g(4.392モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物3.80g(0.02モル)及びヘキサン400mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、69〜77℃で4時間反応を行ない、計算量の水を留去した。反応終了後60℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム4.24g(0.04モル)を加えて中和し、60℃で30分間攪拌したのち、除々に130℃まで昇温し、ヘキサン350mlを回収し、粗標記化合物(3a)及び(4a)774.9gを得た。
このものを濾過したのちビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を通して減圧蒸留を行ない、標記化合物(3a)及び(4a)668.04gを得た(収率96.0%)。b.p.87〜102℃/0.3mmHg、ガスクロマトグラフィー純度94.1%、水酸基価372.0(理論値322.0)。
【0034】
(2)3−ヘキシルオキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(1a)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(3a)及び(4a)200g(1.148モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.9」)4g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで3時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで4時間反応させた。反応終了後、メンブランフィルター(PTFE 0.2μm )を用い加圧濾過を行ない、粗標記化合物(1a)及び1,3−ビスヘキシルオキシ−2−プロパノール(1a′)の混合物188.33gを得た。(粗収率93.1%)。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度90%。(1a)/(1a′)=7/3(重量比)。
【0035】
このものに水/ヘキサン/メタノール=200ml/200ml/200mlを加えて振盪し、得られた下層をさらにヘキサン200mlで抽出した。ヘキサン200ml抽出の下層を、酢酸エチルで3回抽出(200ml,100ml,100ml)したのちエバポレートし、73.29gの粗標記化合物(1a)を得た。これをさらにビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を通して減圧蒸留を行ない標記化合物(1a)55.7gを得た。
b.p.116〜118℃/1.5mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度95.1%。水酸基価637.2(理論値636.7)。
【0036】
実施例2
3−ヘキシルオキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(1a)の合成:
0.5lのオートクレーブに実施例1の(1)で得た(3a)及び(4a)200g(1.148モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.9」)4g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで1時間反応させた。反応率30%、水素添加選択率90%、生成物は標記化合物(1a)49%、2−ペンチル−4−ヘキシルオキシメチル−1,3−ジオキソランを51%含む混合物であった。
【0037】
実施例3
3−ヘプチルオキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(1b)の合成:
(1)2−ヘプチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4b)及び2−ヘプチル−1,3−ジオキサン−5−オール(3b)
【0038】
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた容量3lの反応容器にヘプチルアルデヒド400g(3.503モル)、グリセリン354.84g(3.853モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物3.33g(0.0175モル)、トルエン200ml及びヘキサン200mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、82〜94℃で5時間反応を行ない計算量の水を留去した。反応終了後60℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム3.71g(0.035モル)を加えて中和し、60℃で30分間攪拌したのち水100mlを加えて60℃で30分間攪拌した。その後、静置分層し、上層を飽和食塩水(100ml)で2回洗浄したのちエバポレートし、粗標記化合物(3b)及び(4b)636.8gを得た。このものをビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を通して減圧蒸留し標記化合物(3b)及び(4b)591.21gを得た(収率89.6%)。
b.p.87〜102℃/0.4mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度99.8%。水酸基価303.2(理論値298.0)。
【0039】
(2)3−ヘプチルオキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(1b)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(3b)及び(4b)100g(0.531モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.9」)2g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで6時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで4時間反応させた。反応終了後メンブランフィルター(PTFE 0.2μm )を、用い加圧濾過を行ない粗標記化合物(1b)と1,3−ビスヘプチルオキシ−2−プロパノール(1b′)の混合物88.91gを得た。(粗収率88%)。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度90%。(1b)/(1b′)=7/3(重量比)。
【0040】
このものに水/ヘキサン/メタノール=100ml/100ml/100mlを加えて振盪した。得られた下層と、上層をさらに水/メタノール=50ml/50mlで9回下層へ抽出したものを集めて、酢酸エチルで2回(200ml,100ml)抽出した。酢酸エチル抽出物をエバポレートしたのち、ビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を通して減圧蒸留し、標記化合物(1b)36.46gを得た。
b.p.115〜117℃/0.3mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度98.3%。水酸基価598.4(理論値589.7)。
【0041】
実施例4
3−イソプロポキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(1c)の合成:
0.5lのオートクレーブにソルケタール136g(1.029モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)2.7g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧70kg/cmで4時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで4時間反応させた。反応終了後、イソプロパノールに溶解し、キョーワード600s 13.6gを通して減圧濾過し、得られたイソプロパノール溶液をエバポレートして粗標記化合物(1c)と1,3−ビスイソプロポキシ−2−プロパノール(1c′)の混合物129.63gを得た(粗収率93.9%)。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度91.6%。(1c)/(1c′)=63/37(重量比)。
このもの129.32gをビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を用いて減圧蒸留し、b.p.67〜69℃/0.5mmHgの留分として標記化合物(1c)を58.13g得た。
ガスクロマトグラフィー純度99.9%。水酸基価824.9(理論値836.37)。
【0042】
実施例5
3−(1−メチルプロポキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1d)の合成:
(1)2−メチル−2−エチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4d)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた3lの反応容器にメチルエチルケトン400g(5.547モル)、グリセリン561.91g(6.102モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物21.10g(0.1109モル)及びヘキサン400mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、67〜74℃で30時間反応を行ない、計算量の水を留去した。反応終了後60℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム23.51g(0.2218モル)を加えて中和し、60℃で30分間攪拌したのち、除々に120℃まで昇温し、ヘキサン400mlを回収し、濾過ののち粗標記化合物(4d)894.74gを得た。ビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を用いて減圧蒸留し、標記化合物(4d)725.14gを得た(収率89.4%)。
b.p.101〜104℃/17mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度99.1%。水酸基価381.8(理論値383.8)。
【0043】
(2)3−(1−メチルプロポキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1d)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(4d)150g(1.026モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.9」)3g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで6時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで3時間反応させた。反応終了後メンブランフィルター(PTFE 0.2μm )を用い加圧濾過を行ない粗標記化合物(1d)と1,3−ビス(1−メチルプロポキシ)−2−プロパノール(1d′)の混合物141.76gを得た(粗収率93.2%)。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度86.3%。(1d)/(1d′)=7/3(重量比)。
【0044】
このものをビグリュー管(10cm×1.5cmφ)を用いて、減圧蒸留し、b.p.69〜70℃/0.3mmHgの留分として標記化合物(1d)を6.53g得た。
ガスクロマトグラフィー純度99.9%。水酸基価761.9(理論値757.2)。
【0045】
実施例6
3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)の合成:
(1)2−メチル−2−イソブチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4e)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた2lの反応容器にメチルイソブチルケトン790g(7.887モル)、グリセリン484.2g(5.258モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物20.0g(0.105モル)及びヘキサン400mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、85〜90℃で105時間反応を行ない、計算量の水を留去した。反応終了後40℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム22.29g(0.210モル)を加えて中和し、50℃で1時間攪拌したのち水300mlを加えて室温で30分間攪拌し、静置分層した。下層をのぞいたのち飽和食塩水で2回(250ml/200ml)洗浄して芒硝で乾燥し、エバポレートし、粗標記化合物(4e)1050.1gを得た(純度81.1%)。粗収率93%。このものを減圧蒸留し、標記化合物(4e)824.5gを得た(収率90.0%)。
b.p.76℃/1mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度97.3%。水酸基価314.1(理論値322.03)。
【0046】
(2)3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(4e)290g(1.664モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)2.9g(1重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧70kg/cmで11時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで10時間反応させた。反応終了後キョーワード600s 27gを通して濾過し、粗標記化合物(1e)と1,3−ビス−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−2−プロパノール(1e′)の混合物288.5gを得た(粗収率98.3%)。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度90.6%。(1e)/(1e′)=72/28(重量比)。
得られた混合物192.38gをシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:クロロホルム/メタノール)で精製した。2番目に留出するフラクションをビグリュー管(12cm×1.5cmφ)を用いて減圧蒸留し、標記化合物(1e)116.87gを得た。
b.p.89〜90℃/0.5mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度100%。水酸基価632.0(理論値636.69)。
【0047】
実施例7
3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)の合成:
0.5lのオートクレーブに実施例6の(1)で得た(4e)100g(0.574モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)1.0g(1重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧70kg/cmで4時間反応させた。反応率60%。水素添加選択率90%。
生成物は、標記化合物(1e)42%、1,3−ビス−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−2−プロパノール7%及び2−メチル−2−イソブチル−4−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,3−ジオキソラン51%の混合物であった。標記化合物(1e)は実施例6と同様にシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより単離できた。
【0048】
実施例8
3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)の合成:
0.5lのオートクレーブに実施例6の(1)で得た(4e)50g(0.287モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)1.0g(1重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで6時間反応させた。反応率99%。水素添加選択率90%。
生成物は、標記化合物(1e)72%、1,3−ビス−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−2−プロパノール26%及び2−メチル−2−イソブチル−4−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,3−ジオキソラン2%の混合物であった。標記化合物(1e)は実施例6と同様にシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより単離できた。
【0049】
実施例9
3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)の合成:
0.5lのオートクレーブに実施例6の(1)で得た(4e)30g(0.172モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)1.5g(5重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧20kg/cmにて水素を5l/min で流通しつつ、攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで6時間、水素を5l/min で流通して反応させた。反応率100%。水素添加選択率90%。
生成物は標記化合物(1e)74%及び1,3−ビス−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−2−プロパノール26%の混合物であった。標記化合物は実施例6と同様にシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより単離できた。
【0050】
実施例10
3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)の合成:
0.5lのオートクレーブに実施例6の(1)で得た(4e)30g(0.172モル)、5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)0.6g(2重量%)及びグリセリン6g(0.0651モル)を仕込んだ。水素圧20kg/cmにて水素を2.5l/min で流通しつつ、攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで6時間、水素を2.5l/min で流通して反応させた。反応率100%。水素添加選択率90%。
生成物は標記化合物(1e)83%、及び1,3−ビス−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−2−プロパノール17%の混合物であった。標記化合物は実施例6と同様にシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで単離できた。
【0051】
実施例11
3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)の合成:
(1)2−メチル−2−イソブチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4e)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた2lの反応容器にメチルイソブチルケトン326.3g(3.258モル)、グリセリン200g(2.172モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物8.3g(0.0436モル)、トルエン200ml及びヘキサン200mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し90〜93℃で12時間反応を行ない計算量の水を留去した。反応終了後60℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム9.24g(0.0872モル)を加えて中和し、60℃で30分間攪拌した。そののち除々に150℃まで昇温しヘキサン及びトルエン等を回収し濾過したのちビグリュー管(20cm×1.5cmφ)を用いた減圧蒸留によって標記化合物(4e)341gを得た(収率90.1%)。
b.p.65〜68℃/0.5mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度98.9%。水酸基価306.1(理論値322.03)。
【0052】
(2)3−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1e)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た(4e)30g(0.172モル)、5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,K−type,pH8.2」)1.5g(5重量%)及びグリセリン6.88g(0.0747モル)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて水素を2.5l/min で流通しつつ、攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧20kg/cmで6時間、水素を2.5l/min で流通して反応させた。反応率100%。水素添加選択率90%。
生成物は標記化合物(1e)86%及び1,3−ビス−(1,3−ジメチルブトキシ)−2−プロパノールの混合物であった。標記化合物は実施例6と同様にシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで単離できた。
【0053】
実施例12
3−(1−ヘプタデシルオクタデシルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1f)の合成:
【0054】
(1)2,2−ジヘプタデシル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4f)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた500mlの反応容器に、ジヘプタデシルケトン200g(0.395モル)、グリセリン36.34g(0.395モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物0.38g(0.002モル)及びヘキサン50mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、100℃で136時間反応を行ない、計算量の水を留去しさらにヘキサンを留去して化合物(4f)を含む反応混合物225.26gを得た。(ガスクロマトグラフィーによる反応率85.4%。)このうち124.31gをヘキサン600mlに溶解し、炭酸ナトリウム1.2gを加えて中和し、50℃で1時間攪拌した。そののち、50℃で不溶物を濾過し、室温に冷却して析出する未反応のジヘプタデシルケトンを7.87g回収した。濾液は、−20℃に冷却して結晶を析出させたのち、結晶を濾集しデシケーターで減圧乾燥して標記化合物(4f)95.23gを得た。(収率75.2%)。m.p.37〜39℃。
【0055】
(2)3−(1−ヘプタデシルオクタデシルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1f)
【0056】
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(4f)50g(0.086モル)、ヘキサン100ml及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)0.9g(1.8重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧175〜250kg/cmで2時間反応させた。反応終了後、濾過助剤としてセライト545を用い、減圧濾過して触媒を除去し、エバポレートして標記化合物(1f)を含む混合物を43.33g得た(粗収率86.4%)。m.p.36〜38℃。このうち5gをクロロホルム20mlに溶解し、ワコーゲルC−200 150gを充填したシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製した。まずクロロホルムで副生物及び原料を回収した後、引き続いてクロロホルム/メタノール=98/2に溶媒を変えて、標記化合物(1f)が0.95g得られた(収率16.4%)。 m.p.55〜56℃。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度98.6%。
【0057】
標記化合物(1f)のスペクトル
IR(KBr, cm−1):3416(O−H伸縮), 2920, 2848(C−H伸縮), 1468, 1378(C−H変角), 1116(C−O−C伸縮), 1092, 1050(C−O伸縮), 720(CH横ゆれ)
【0058】
NMR(CDCl, δppm):
0.88(6H,3重線,J=6.5Hz, −C )、 1.00〜1.70(64H, ブロード, −C −)、 1.30〜1.70(2H,ブロード, −O)、 3.28(1H,5重線, J=5.0Hz, >C−O−)、 3.40〜3.90(5H,多重線, −OC (OH)C OH)
【0059】
実施例13
3−(1−ヘプタデシルオクタデシルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1f)の合成:
【0060】
(1)2,2−ジヘプタデシル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4f)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた容量1lの反応容器にジヘプタデシルケトン500g(0.986モル)、グリセリン99.92g(1.085モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物3.75g(0.0197モル)及びヘキサン160mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、100℃で190時間反応を行ない、計算量の水を除去したのち60℃に冷却した。炭酸ナトリウム20.88g(0.197モル)を加えて、60℃で1時間攪拌し中和したのち、濾過により35.29gの不溶物を除去し、室温に冷却し、析出する未反応のジヘプタデシルケトン36.32gを、濾過により回収した。濾液は、−20℃に冷却し、析出する結晶を濾集し、減圧乾燥したのち化合物(4f)487.28gを得た。(収率85.1%)m.p.37〜39℃。
【0061】
(2)3−(1−ヘプタデシルオタデシルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1f)
1lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(4f)200g(0.344モル)、ヘキサン400ml及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)3.8g(1.9重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで15時間反応させた。
【0062】
反応終了後、濾過助剤としてキョーワード600s 20gを通し、減圧濾過して、触媒を除去し、〔濾集物36.17g(触媒とジヘプタデシルケトン)〕エバポレートして得た151.11gのうち150gをエタノール500mlに溶解し、36%HCl 15g、HO 135gと共に、温度計、還流冷却器、攪拌棒を備えた1lの4つ口フラスコに仕込んで80℃で24時間還流攪拌した。冷却して析出する不溶物(135.18g)は濾集されてヘキサンより晶析して77.72gのジヘプタデシルケトンが回収され、濾液は濃縮され標記化合物(1f)と1,3−ビス−(1−ヘプタデシルオクタデシルオキシ)−2−プロパノールの混合物 57.08g(A)が得られた。また、反応終了後の溶液部分は、エタノールをエバポレートし、ヘキサン200mlに再溶解し、水さらに飽和重曹水で洗浄して芒硝で乾燥し、エバポレートして5.85gの標記化合物(1f)と1,3−ビス(1−ヘプタデシルオクタデシルオキシ)−2−プロパノールの混合物(B)を得た。(A)と(B)62.93gをクロロホルム100mlに溶解し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ワコーゲルC−200 400g)により精製した。まずクロロホルムで溶出して副生物を分離し、次いでクロロホルム/メタノール=98/2で溶出して標記化合物(1f)39.37gを得た。(回収したジヘプタデシルケトンを考慮した収率62%)
m.p.55〜56℃。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度99.3%。HPLC純度98.4%。水酸基価190.6(理論値192.47)。
【0063】
実施例14
3−(1−ペンチルヘキシルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1g)の合成:
(1)2,2−ジペンチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4g)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた容量1lの反応容器にジペンチルケトン400g(2.349モル)、グリセリン259.59g(2.819モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物4.47g(0.0235モル)及びヘキサン120mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、100℃で126時間反応を行ない、計算量の水を除去したのち60℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム24.91g(0.235モル)を加え、60℃で1時間攪拌し、水100mlを加えて50〜60℃で15分間攪拌したのち静置し、水層を除去した。有機層を水100mlで洗浄したのちエバポレートし、粗化合物(4g)563.05g(ガスクロマトグラフィー純度87.0%)を得た。このうち561.20gを蒸留し、化合物(4g)412.86gを得た(収率72.1%)。
b.p.128〜130℃/1mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度97.7%。水酸基価237.4(理論値229.6)。
【0064】
(2)3−(1−ペンチルヘキシルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1g)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(4g)50g(0.205モル)、ヘキサン200ml及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)1g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し、130℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで6時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧200kg/cmで3時間反応させた。この間、時々サンプリングを行なった。反応終了後、濾過助剤としてキョーワード600sを通し、減圧濾過して触媒を除去しエバポレートし、40.2gの粗標記化合物(1g)を得た。このものと、エタノール200ml、36%HCl 1g、HO 100gを温度計、還流冷却器、攪拌棒を備えた500mlの反応容器に仕込んで80℃で3時間還流攪拌を行なった。反応終了後室温まで冷却して、エタノールをエバポレートしたのちヘキサン200mlを加えて水100mlで洗浄、さらに飽和重曹水100mlで洗浄し、芒硝で乾燥した。エバポレートしたのち、得た油状物質38gの減圧蒸留を行なって標記化合物(1g)21.79gを得た(収率57.3%)。
b.p.143〜145℃/1mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度97.1%。水酸基価442.0(理論値455.44)。
【0065】
標記化合物(1g)のスペクトル
IR(NEAT, cm−1):3396(O−H伸縮), 2928, 2860(C−H伸縮), 1462, 1380(C−H変角), 1098(C−O−C伸縮), 1064, 1050, 930(C−O伸縮), 724(CH横ゆれ)
【0066】
NMR(CDCl, δppm):
0.88(6H,3重線,J=6.7Hz, −C )、 1.00〜1.70(16H, ブロード, −C )、 2.20〜2.70(2H,ブロード, −O)、 3.28(1H,5重線, J=5.0Hz, >C−O−)、 3.40〜4.00(5H,多重線, −O−C −C(OH)C OH)
【0067】
実施例15
3−(1−ヘプチルオクチルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1h)の合成:
(1)2,2−ジヘプチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−メタノール(4h)
温度計、還流冷却器、ディーン−スタークトラップ、塩化カルシウム管及び攪拌器を備えた容量300mlの反応容器にジヘプチルケトン100g(0.442モル)、グリセリン44.75g(0.486モル)、パラトルエンスルホン酸1水和物1.68g(0.00832モル)及びヘキサン30mlを仕込んだ。攪拌しながら昇温し、100℃で78時間反応を行ない計算量の水を留去したのち60℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウム8.82g(0.0832モル)を加えて中和し、60℃で1時間攪拌した。さらに水50mlを加えて60℃で1時間攪拌したのち静置し、水層を除去した。さらに水50mlで3回洗浄して得た有機層を芒硝で乾燥し、エバポレートして粗化合物(4h)134.93gを得た(ガスクロマトグラフィー純度90%)。このものを蒸留して、化合物(4h)101.65gを得た(収率76.5%)。
b.p.152〜153℃/0.5mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度97.2%。水酸基価194.9(理論値186.72)。
【0068】
(2)3−(1−ヘプチルオクチルオキシ)−1,2−プロパンジオール(1h)
0.5lのオートクレーブに(1)で得た化合物(4h)60g(0.200モル)及び5%Pd/C(乾燥品:50%含水品を真空ポンプで減圧、室温で1日乾燥したもの)(エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製「5%Pdカーボン粉末50%含水品,E−type,pH6.24」)1.2g(2重量%)を仕込んだ。水素圧10kg/cmにて攪拌しながら昇温し130℃にて水素圧70kg/cmで5時間、さらに190℃にて水素圧70kg/cmで2時間反応させた。この間、時々サンプリングを行なった。反応終了後、濾過助剤としてキョーワード600s6.0gを用い減圧濾過して触媒を除去しエバポレートし、51.97gの粗標記化合物(1h)を得た。このものと、エタノール200ml、36%HCl10g、HO 90gを温度計、還流冷却器、攪拌棒を備えた500mlの反応容器に仕込んで80℃で3時間還流攪拌を行なった。反応終了後室温に冷却してエタノールをエバポレートしたのちヘキサン200mlを加えて水100mlで洗浄、さらに飽和重曹水100mlで洗浄し、芒硝で乾燥した。エバポレートしたのち得た油状物質50.57gの減圧蒸留を行なって標記化合物(1h)26.95gを得た(収率53.3%)。
b.p.160〜162℃/0.4mmHg。ガスクロマトグラフィー純度96.8%。水酸基価360.7(理論値370.96)。
【0069】
標記化合物(1h)のスペクトル
IR(NEAT, cm−1):3412(O−H伸縮), 2924, 2856(C−H伸縮), 1462, 1378(C−H変角), 1104(C−O−C伸縮), 1062, 1050(C−O伸縮), 722(CH横ゆれ)
【0070】
NMR(CDCl, δppm):
0.89(6H,3重線,J=6.4Hz, −C )、 1.08〜1.70(24H, ブロード, −C )、 2.20〜2.60(2H,ブロード, −O)、 3.27(1H,5重線, J=5.6Hz, >C−O−)、 3.37〜4.00(5H,多重線, −O−C −C(OH)−C OH)
【0071】
実施例16〜19
実施例15と同様の方法によって表1に示したようなアルキルグリセリルエーテルを合成した。なお、物質(融点)の比較のため表2に示す化合物を合成した。
【0072】
【表1】
Figure 0003573785
【0073】
【表2】
Figure 0003573785
【0074】
本発明化合物は比較化合物に示す直鎖アルキルグリセリルエーテルの約2倍のアルキル鎖長でも同様の融点となることが判る。
【0075】
試験例1
本発明化合物0.1gとスクワラン1.4gとを加熱溶解し、室温にてイオン交換水3.5gを一気に添加し、ホモジナイザーを用いて9000rpm で2分間攪拌し評価サンプルを調製した。得られた評価サンプルの性状を表3に示す。
【0076】
試験例2
水の可溶化率は、本発明化合物1gに、室温にて、スパチュラで攪拌しながらイオン交換水を徐々に添加して行き、水を分離し始めるところまで加えた水の重量%で示した。水の可溶化率が大きい程化合物と水の相互作用が大きいことを示し、エモリエント作用や保湿作用の尺度となる。結果を表3に示す。
【0077】
【表3】
Figure 0003573785
【0078】
本発明のアルキルグリセリルエーテル(1A)は水酸基のような極性基を有しているため、親水性、吸湿性があり皮膚への吸着性が良かったり、極性基を持った油との相溶性が良い。しかも公知のグリセリルエーテル(比較化合物(a)、(b))がW/O乳化をするのとは異なり、同じぐらいの炭素数でもα−位で分岐しているためO/W乳化を与え、極性を非常に持った油であると言える。また液晶などの会合体が形成されにくくなって、水に溶けにくく、見かけ上、油としての性質も強くなっている。従って、本発明化合物は、化粧料に応用した場合は皮膚に塗布すると洗浄に対する抵抗力が強く、皮膚上での残留性の高い持続性に優れたエモリエント剤や保湿剤として有用性が高い。また極性油として、他の極性油との相溶性が良好で潤滑剤へ応用できる。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to glyceryl ethers useful as oily soil dissolving agents, water-soluble organic solvents, polar oils, emulsifiers, lubricants, humectants, etc., and as intermediates for the production of surfactants, and to a process for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, alkyl glyceryl ether has been used as a fixing agent for perfume (US Pat. No. 2,091,162), an additive for soap (US Pat. Nos. 2,157,022 and 3,350,460), a solvent for extracting organic substances (US Pat. No. 2,156,724), and a moisturizer. Agents (JP-A-3-14505, JP-A-3-14506), components of the aqueous ink composition (JP-A-58-67770), cosmetic components (JP-A-52-12109, JP-B-57-36260). No. 3-31187).
[0003]
As the alkyl glyceryl ether, palmityl glyceryl ether (kimyl alcohol), stearyl glyceryl ether (bacyl alcohol), and the like, which are present in fish lipids, have been known for a long time. These natural alkyl glyceryl ethers are used in a wide range of fields because of their excellent performance as emulsifiers, but because they are solids with high melting points, there are many restrictions on their use in multi-component blending systems such as cosmetics. Has disadvantages. Therefore, glyceryl ethers having various alkyl groups have been synthesized and blended in cosmetics and the like. Examples thereof include lauryl glyceryl ether, β-branched alkyl glyceryl ether (JP-A-52-12109), an isostearyl glyceryl ether mixture having a methyl branch near the center of the alkyl chain (JP-B-57-36260), And glyceryl ether of terpene alcohol (JP-B-3-31187).
[0004]
On the other hand, as a method for producing these alkyl glyceryl ethers, an alkyl glycidyl ether synthesized from an alcohol and epichlorohydrin (US Pat. No. 3,024,273, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-36260) is used as an intermediate via 1,3-dioxolane. A method of hydrolyzing (JP-A-56-133281) and a method of directly hydrolyzing the alkyl glycidyl ether (JP-A-49-86307) are known.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, conventional alkyl glyceryl ethers have drawbacks such as difficulty in quality control because they are mixtures, and limited availability due to the fact that the raw materials are derived from natural products.
In addition, the conventional method of synthesizing alkyl glyceryl ether has a problem that a large amount of waste such as salt is generated, and that the product is expensive due to poor productivity and complicated processes. Had.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel alkyl glyceryl ether which can be used for a wide range of applications and an industrially advantageous production method thereof.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thus, the present inventors have conducted various studies to obtain alkyl glyceryl ethers using readily available raw materials, and have found that aldehydes or ketones can be used as raw materials, and an alkyl glyceryl ether can be industrially advantageously obtained by a synthesis method via acetal or ketal. It has been found that glyceryl ether can be obtained, and that the resulting compound has a low melting point and good usability, and that a polar oil and a novel compound useful as a component of cosmetics are present, thereby completing the present invention. Reached.
[0007]
That is, the present invention provides the following general formula (2)
[0008]
Embedded image
Figure 0003573785
[0009]
[Wherein, R1Represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 21 carbon atoms, or R2To form an alkylene group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms;2Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 21 carbon atoms. Where R1, R2Except when both are alkyl groups having no hydrogen atom at the α-position. ]
Wherein the carbonyl compound represented by the formula is reacted with glycerin in the presence of an acid catalyst, and the resulting compound is hydrogenated.
[0010]
Embedded image
Figure 0003573785
[0011]
[Wherein, R1And R2Indicates the same as above)
A process for producing glyceryl ethers represented by the formula:
[0012]
Further, the present invention provides the following general formula (1A)
[0013]
Embedded image
Figure 0003573785
[0014]
[Wherein, R1aAnd R2aRepresents an alkyl group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms which may be the same or different.]
And glyceryl ethers represented by the formula:
[0015]
In the present invention, R1And R2Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 21 carbon atoms include linear and branched chains, and specifically, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl Group, sec-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, 1-ethylpentyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl Group, octadecyl group, nonadecyl group, eicosyl group, heneicosyl group, isoheptadecyl group, 1-methyloctyl group, 1-methyldecyl group and the like. Also, R1And R2Form an alkylene group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms together with ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, 1-methylpentamethylene, 2-methylpentamethylene, and 3-methylpentane Examples include a methylene group, a 1-tert-butylpentamethylene group, a 3-tert-butylpentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, and a heptamethylene group.
[0016]
These R1And R2Are each an alkyl group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms, the alkyl glyceryl ethers of the formula (1) are novel compounds, and are useful as lubricants, polar oils, emulsifiers, humectants and the like.
[0017]
The method of the present invention can be represented by the following reaction formula.
[0018]
Embedded image
Figure 0003573785
[0019]
[Wherein, R1And R2Indicates the same as above)
[0020]
Examples of the carbonyl compound (2) used in the method of the present invention include alkyl aldehydes and dialkyl ketones. Among them, alkyl aldehydes include, for example, dehydrogenation of fatty alcohols, hydroformylation of olefins (oxo method), and fatty acid chloride. It can be easily obtained by Rosemund reduction or direct hydrogenation from fatty acids. In the case of the oxo method, a linear product and a branched product are produced, but they can be separated and purified into single products by precision distillation. Specific examples of the alkyl aldehyde are as follows, but are not necessarily limited thereto. For example, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, caproaldehyde, heptylaldehyde, capryaldehyde, 2-ethylhexylaldehyde, pelargonaldehyde, caprinaldehyde, undecanealdehyde, laurinaldehyde, tridecanealdehyde, Examples include myristinaldehyde, pentadecanealdehyde, palmitaldehyde, margaraldehyde, stearaldehyde, isostearaldehyde, 2-methylnonylaldehyde, 2-methylundecylaldehyde, and beheninaldehyde.
[0021]
The dialkyl ketones used in this reaction are inexpensive oleochemicals such as high-temperature decarboxylation dimerization of fatty acids, catalytic oxidation of olefins (Wacker method), oxidation of secondary alcohols, dehydrogenation and oxidation of cycloalkanes. Easily obtained by In the case of the Wacker method, the ketone obtained has a distribution, but can be separated and purified into single products by precision distillation. Specific examples of the dialkyl ketone are as follows, but are not necessarily limited thereto. For example, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl pentyl ketone, methyl hexyl ketone, methyl heptyl ketone, methyl octyl ketone, methyl nonyl ketone, methyl decyl ketone, methyl undecyl ketone , Methyl dodecyl ketone, methyl tridecyl ketone, methyl tetradecyl ketone, methyl pentadecyl ketone, methyl hexadecyl ketone, methyl heptadecyl ketone, methyl octadecyl ketone, methyl nonadecyl ketone, methyl eicosyl ketone, methyl hen eicosyl ketone, Cyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone, 3-methylcyclohexanone, 4-methylcyclohexanone, 2-tert-butylcyclohexene Non, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, cyclobutanone, cyclopropanone, cyclododecanone, cycloheptanone, cyclooctanone, diethyl ketone, dipropyl ketone, dibutyl ketone, dipentyl ketone, dihexyl ketone, diheptyl ketone , Dioctyl ketone, dinonyl ketone, diundecyl ketone, ditridecyl ketone, dipentadecyl ketone, diheptadecyl ketone, 3-hexanone, 3-heptanone, 3-octanone, 4-octanone, 3-nonanone, 4-nonanone, 3- Decanone, 4-decanone, 3-undecanone, 4-undecanone, 5-undecanone, 3-dodecanone, 5-dodecanone, 3-tridecanone, diisopropyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone and the like.
[0022]
The reaction of the alkyl aldehyde (2) with glycerin, which is the first step of this reaction, is an acetalization reaction, and the ratio (molar ratio) of glycerin to alkyl aldehyde is 1.5 to 0.2, preferably 1.2 to 0. .6. This reaction is carried out using an acid catalyst such as paratoluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid or the like as a catalyst in an amount of 0.01 to 5 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 1 mol%, based on the alkyl aldehyde (2). This method can be used in the absence of a solvent or in an inert solvent such as xylene, toluene, benzene, octane, isooctane, heptane, hexane, cyclohexane, pentane, butane, ligroin, or petroleum ether, or a mixed solvent thereof to determine the boiling point of the aldehyde used. However, it is preferable to carry out the reaction at a temperature of from 20 to 130 ° C., preferably from 50 to 100 ° C., while removing generated water. When the temperature is low, the reaction does not proceed, and when the temperature is high, coloring is severe and a side reaction occurs. Further, under a nitrogen flow condition, any of a nitrogen atmosphere and an air atmosphere may be used. The reaction time may vary depending on various conditions, but is usually preferably 1 to 30 hours. After the obtained acetal is neutralized, it is subjected to pretreatments such as filtration and washing, and then purified by operations such as clay treatment, crystallization and distillation.
[0023]
The reaction between dialkyl ketone (2) and glycerin is a ketalization reaction, and the ratio (molar ratio) of glycerin to dialkyl ketone is 1.5 to 0.2, preferably 1.2 to 0.6. This reaction is carried out using an acid catalyst such as paratoluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid or the like as a catalyst in an amount of 0.1 to 5 mol%, preferably 1 to 3 mol%, based on the dialkyl ketone (2). This reaction depends on the boiling point of the ketone used without solvent or in an inert solvent such as xylene, toluene, benzene, octane, isooctane, heptane, hexane, cyclohexane, pentane, ligroin, petroleum ether, or a mixture thereof. At a temperature of 40 to 130 ° C., preferably 70 to 100 ° C., while removing water generated. If the temperature is lower than this, the reaction does not proceed, and if the temperature is higher, coloring is severe and side reactions occur, which is not preferable. Further, under a nitrogen flow condition, any of a nitrogen atmosphere and an air atmosphere may be used. The reaction time may vary depending on various conditions, but is usually preferably 5 to 200 hours. The obtained ketal can be neutralized, subjected to pretreatments such as filtration and washing, and then purified by operations such as clay treatment, crystallization, and distillation.
[0024]
In the hydrogenation reaction of the acetal or ketal [(3) and (4)] in the second step, a usual hydrocracking catalyst such as palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, platinum or the like is added in an amount of 5 to 5000 ppm based on acetanol or ketal. , Hydrogen pressure from normal pressure to 250 kg / cm2The reaction may be performed at a temperature of 50 to 250 ° C. for 1 to 30 hours. As the above-mentioned hydrocracking catalyst, those in which 0.1 to 20% of these are supported on carbon, alumina, silica, diatomaceous earth, titanium oxide or the like may be used. As the hydrocracking catalyst, palladium is particularly preferred, and its pH is particularly preferably 5 to 8. Further, it is preferable that water is removed in advance. In this reaction, no solvent may be used, or an inert solvent such as decane, octane, isooctane, heptane, hexane and cyclohexane may be used. Further, glycerin, alkyl aldehyde, or dialkyl ketone, which is a raw material of acetal or ketal, may be added. Further, a trace amount of an acidic substance such as phosphoric acid may be added. The reaction may be a closed system or a hydrogen circulation system.
[0025]
In order to isolate the compound (1) of the present invention from the reaction mixture, the catalyst is removed by filtration, and then, for example, solvent removal, washing, recrystallization, distillation, chromatography and the like are used alone or in combination by a conventional method. Can do it.
[0026]
In this reaction, the following compounds (5) and (6) are by-produced in addition to the compound (1) of the present invention.
[0027]
Embedded image
Figure 0003573785
[0028]
[Wherein, R1And R2Indicates the same as above)
[0029]
When the reaction mixture contains a large amount of the compound (6), the reaction mixture is filtered and evaporated, and then a sufficient amount of a mixed acidic aqueous solution of an acid catalyst such as 0.1 to 1N hydrochloric acid and ethanol and ethanol. It is preferable that the compound (6) is converted into the compound (1) of the present invention and the compound (2) by hydrolysis and then isolated.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
Since the alkyl portion of the alkyl glyceryl ether (1A) of the present invention is branched at the α-position of the carbon chain, many of them have a low melting point and are liquid at room temperature in spite of their large molecular weight. Since it is good, it has good usability as a lubricant or polar oil. Further, interaction with water is also recognized, and it is useful as an emulsifier, a humectant, and the like. Further, according to the method of the present invention, alkyl glyceryl ether can be synthesized inexpensively and in high yield from oleochemicals and synthetic aldehydes and ketones and glycerin, which are inexpensive and can be sufficiently supplied. Further, unlike the normal etherification reaction in which salt is produced as a by-product, the reaction does not produce waste and has good productivity, so that it is excellent in terms of recent environmental problems. In addition, during the etherification, raw materials containing organic chlorine, organic bromine and organic iodine such as epichlorohydrin and alkyl halide are not used, so that the resulting alkyl glyceryl ether is completely stable without organic chlorine, organic bromine and organic iodine. It will be excellent in property. The glyceryl ether obtained by hydrolyzing the conventional glycidyl ether may have an epoxy group remaining. However, according to the present invention, such a glyceryl ether is excellent in safety without such a concern.
[0031]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0032]
Example 1
Synthesis of 3-hexyloxy-1,2-propanediol (1a):
[0033]
(1) 2-pentyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4a) and 2-pentyl-1,3-dioxan-5-ol (3a)
In a 3 liter reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer, 400 g (3.994 mol) of caproaldehyde, 404.5 g (4.392 mol) of glycerin, para 3.80 g (0.02 mol) of toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and 400 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised while stirring, and the reaction was carried out at 69 to 77 ° C. for 4 hours, and a calculated amount of water was distilled off. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to 60 ° C, neutralized by adding 4.24 g (0.04 mol) of sodium carbonate, stirred at 60 ° C for 30 minutes, and then gradually heated to 130 ° C to collect 350 ml of hexane. Thus, 774.9 g of the crude title compounds (3a) and (4a) were obtained.
This was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure through a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ) to obtain 668.04 g of the title compounds (3a) and (4a) (yield 96.0%). b. p. 87-102 ° C / 0.3 mmHg, gas chromatography purity 94.1%, hydroxyl value 372.0 (theoretical value 322.0).
[0034]
(2) 3-hexyloxy-1,2-propanediol (1a)
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 200 g (1.148 mol) of the compounds (3a) and (4a) obtained in (1) and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were decompressed with a vacuum pump, 4 g (2% by weight) (day dried) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.9" manufactured by NE Chemcat) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 20 ° C, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 3 hours, and at 190 ° C, hydrogen pressure 200 kg / cm2For 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was subjected to pressure filtration using a membrane filter (PTFE 0.2 μm) to obtain 188.33 g of a mixture of the crude title compound (1a) and 1,3-bishexyloxy-2-propanol (1a ′). . (Crude yield 93.1%). Gas chromatography purity 90%. (1a) / (1a ') = 7/3 (weight ratio).
[0035]
Water / hexane / methanol = 200 ml / 200 ml / 200 ml was added to this and shaken, and the lower layer obtained was further extracted with 200 ml of hexane. The lower layer extracted with 200 ml of hexane was extracted three times with ethyl acetate (200 ml, 100 ml, 100 ml) and then evaporated to obtain 73.29 g of the crude title compound (1a). This was further distilled under reduced pressure through a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ) to obtain 55.7 g of the title compound (1a).
b. p. 116-118 ° C / 1.5 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 95.1%. Hydroxyl value 637.2 (theoretical value 636.7).
[0036]
Example 2
Synthesis of 3-hexyloxy-1,2-propanediol (1a):
200 g (1.148 mol) of (3a) and (4a) obtained in (1) of Example 1 and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were reduced in a 0.5 l autoclave by a vacuum pump. 4 g (2% by weight) (dried at room temperature for 1 day) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.9" manufactured by NE Chemcat) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 20 ° C, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 1 hour. The conversion was 30%, the hydrogenation selectivity was 90%, and the product was a mixture containing 49% of the title compound (1a) and 51% of 2-pentyl-4-hexyloxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane.
[0037]
Example 3
Synthesis of 3-heptyloxy-1,2-propanediol (1b):
(1) 2-heptyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4b) and 2-heptyl-1,3-dioxan-5-ol (3b)
[0038]
400 g (3.503 mol) of heptylaldehyde, 354.84 g (3.853 mol) of glycerin, paratoluene in a 3 liter reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer 3.33 g (0.0175 mol) of sulfonic acid monohydrate, 200 ml of toluene and 200 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised while stirring, and the reaction was carried out at 82 to 94 ° C. for 5 hours to distill off a calculated amount of water. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C., neutralized by adding 3.71 g (0.035 mol) of sodium carbonate, stirred at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes, added with 100 ml of water, and stirred at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to stand and separated, and the upper layer was washed twice with a saturated saline solution (100 ml) and then evaporated to obtain 636.8 g of crude title compounds (3b) and (4b). This was distilled under reduced pressure through a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ) to obtain 591.21 g of the title compounds (3b) and (4b) (yield: 89.6%).
b. p. 87-102 ° C / 0.4 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 99.8%. Hydroxyl value 303.2 (theoretical value 298.0).
[0039]
(2) 3-heptyloxy-1,2-propanediol (1b)
100 g (0.531 mol) of the compounds (3b) and (4b) obtained in (1) and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were reduced in a 0.5 l autoclave with a vacuum pump at room temperature. 2 g (2% by weight) (day-dried) ("5% Pd carbon powder, 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.9", manufactured by NE Chemcat) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 20 ° C, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 6 hours, and at 190 ° C, hydrogen pressure 200kg / cm2For 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was filtered under pressure using a membrane filter (PTFE 0.2 μm) to obtain 88.91 g of a mixture of the crude title compound (1b) and 1,3-bisheptyloxy-2-propanol (1b ′). (Crude yield 88%). Gas chromatography purity 90%. (1b) / (1b ') = 7/3 (weight ratio).
[0040]
Water / hexane / methanol = 100 ml / 100 ml / 100 ml was added to this and shaken. The lower and upper layers obtained were further extracted 9 times with water / methanol = 50 ml / 50 ml into the lower layer, and the mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate (200 ml, 100 ml). After evaporating the ethyl acetate extract, the residue was distilled under reduced pressure through a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ) to obtain 36.46 g of the title compound (1b).
b. p. 115-117 ° C / 0.3mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 98.3%. Hydroxyl value 598.4 (theoretical 589.7).
[0041]
Example 4
Synthesis of 3-isopropoxy-1,2-propanediol (1c):
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 136 g (1.029 mol) of solketal and 5% Pd / C (a dried product: a 50% hydrated product was dried with a vacuum pump under reduced pressure and dried at room temperature for one day) (manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation). 2.7 g (2% by weight) of “5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24” was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 70 ° C and the hydrogen pressure was 70 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 4 hours, and at 190 ° C., hydrogen pressure 200 kg / cm2For 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was dissolved in isopropanol, filtered under reduced pressure through 13.6 g of Kyoward 600s, and the obtained isopropanol solution was evaporated to give crude title compound (1c) and 1,3-bisisopropoxy-2-propanol (1c ′). 129.63 g of a mixture were obtained (crude yield 93.9%). Gas chromatography purity 91.6%. (1c) / (1c ′) = 63/37 (weight ratio).
129.32 g of this product was distilled under reduced pressure using a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ), and b. p. 58.13 g of the title compound (1c) was obtained as a 67-69 ° C./0.5 mmHg fraction.
Gas chromatography purity 99.9%. Hydroxyl value 824.9 (theoretical value: 836.37).
[0042]
Example 5
Synthesis of 3- (1-methylpropoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1d):
(1) 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4d)
400 g (5.547 mol) of methyl ethyl ketone, 561.91 g (6.102 mol) of glycerin, paratoluenesulfonic acid in a 3 l reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer 21.10 g (0.1109 mol) of monohydrate and 400 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised with stirring, the reaction was carried out at 67 to 74 ° C. for 30 hours, and the calculated amount of water was distilled off. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C, neutralized by adding 23.51 g (0.2218 mol) of sodium carbonate, stirred at 60 ° C for 30 minutes, and then gradually heated to 120 ° C to collect 400 ml of hexane. After filtration, 894.74 g of the crude title compound (4d) was obtained. Distillation under reduced pressure was performed using a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ) to obtain 725.14 g of the title compound (4d) (yield: 89.4%).
b. p. 101-104 ° C / 17mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 99.1%. Hydroxyl value 381.8 (theoretical value 383.8).
[0043]
(2) 3- (1-methylpropoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1d)
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 150 g (1.026 mol) of the compound (4d) obtained in (1) and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product were dried under reduced pressure with a vacuum pump at room temperature for one day). 3 g (2% by weight) of "5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.9" manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 20 ° C, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 6 hours, and at 190 ° C, hydrogen pressure 200kg / cm2For 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was filtered under pressure using a membrane filter (PTFE 0.2 μm) to obtain 141.76 g of a mixture of the crude title compound (1d) and 1,3-bis (1-methylpropoxy) -2-propanol (1d ′). Was obtained (crude yield 93.2%). Gas chromatography purity 86.3%. (1d) / (1d ') = 7/3 (weight ratio).
[0044]
This was distilled under reduced pressure using a Vigreux tube (10 cm × 1.5 cm φ), and b. p. 6.53 g of the title compound (1d) was obtained as a fraction at 69 to 70 ° C./0.3 mmHg.
Gas chromatography purity 99.9%. Hydroxyl value 761.9 (theoretical 757.2).
[0045]
Example 6
Synthesis of 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e):
(1) 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4e)
790 g (7.887 mol) of methyl isobutyl ketone, 484.2 g (5.258 mol) of glycerin, paratoluene in a 2 l reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer 20.0 g (0.105 mol) of sulfonic acid monohydrate and 400 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised with stirring, the reaction was carried out at 85 to 90 ° C. for 105 hours, and the calculated amount of water was distilled off. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to 40 ° C., neutralized by adding 22.29 g (0.210 mol) of sodium carbonate, stirred at 50 ° C. for 1 hour, then added with 300 ml of water, stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, and allowed to stand still. Layered. The lower layer was removed, washed twice with a saturated saline solution (250 ml / 200 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, and evaporated to obtain 1050.1 g of the crude title compound (4e) (purity: 81.1%). Crude yield 93%. This was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 824.5 g of the title compound (4e) (yield 90.0%).
b. p. 76 ° C / 1 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 97.3%. Hydroxyl value 314.1 (theoretical value: 322.03).
[0046]
(2) 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e)
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 290 g (1.664 mol) of the compound (4e) obtained in (1) and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product were dried under reduced pressure with a vacuum pump at room temperature for one day). 2.9 g (1% by weight) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24", manufactured by NE Chemcat Co., Ltd.). Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 70 ° C and the hydrogen pressure was 70 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 11 hours, and at 190 ° C., hydrogen pressure 200 kg / cm2For 10 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was filtered through 27 g of Kyoward 600s to obtain 288.5 g of a mixture of the crude title compound (1e) and 1,3-bis- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -2-propanol (1e ′) (crude). Yield 98.3%). Gas chromatography purity 90.6%. (1e) / (1e ') = 72/28 (weight ratio).
192.38 g of the obtained mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform / methanol). The fraction distilled second was distilled under reduced pressure using a Vigreux tube (12 cm × 1.5 cm φ) to obtain 116.87 g of the title compound (1e).
b. p. 89-90 ° C / 0.5 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 100%. Hydroxyl value 632.0 (theoretical value: 636.69).
[0047]
Example 7
Synthesis of 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e):
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 100 g (0.574 mol) of (4e) obtained in (1) of Example 6 and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product were reduced in pressure by a vacuum pump, and at room temperature for one day). 1.0 g (1% by weight) (dried product) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24" manufactured by NE Chemcat) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 70 ° C and the hydrogen pressure was 70 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 4 hours. Reaction rate 60%. Hydrogenation selectivity 90%.
The products were 42% of the title compound (1e), 7% of 1,3-bis- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -2-propanol and 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-4- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy). ) 1,3-Dioxolane 51% mixture. The title compound (1e) could be isolated by silica gel column chromatography in the same manner as in Example 6.
[0048]
Example 8
Synthesis of 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e):
In a 0.5-liter autoclave, 50 g (0.287 mol) of (4e) obtained in (1) of Example 6 and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product were reduced in pressure with a vacuum pump, and at room temperature for one day). 1.0 g (1% by weight) (dried product) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24" manufactured by NE Chemcat) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 20 ° C, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 6 hours. Conversion rate 99%. Hydrogenation selectivity 90%.
The product was 72% of the title compound (1e), 26% of 1,3-bis- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -2-propanol and 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-4- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy). ) 1,3-Dioxolane 2% mixture. The title compound (1e) could be isolated by silica gel column chromatography in the same manner as in Example 6.
[0049]
Example 9
Synthesis of 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e):
30 g (0.172 mol) of (4e) obtained in (1) of Example 6 and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were reduced in a 0.5 l autoclave by a vacuum pump under reduced pressure at room temperature for 1 day. 1.5 g (5% by weight) of (dried product) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24" manufactured by NE Chemcat Co., Ltd.) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 20kg / cm2The temperature was increased while stirring at a flow rate of 5 l / min at 190 ° C. and a hydrogen pressure of 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 6 hours, and reacted by flowing hydrogen at a rate of 5 l / min. Reaction rate 100%. Hydrogenation selectivity 90%.
The product was a mixture of 74% of the title compound (1e) and 26% of 1,3-bis- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -2-propanol. The title compound could be isolated by silica gel column chromatography as in Example 6.
[0050]
Example 10
Synthesis of 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e):
30 g (0.172 mol) of (4e) obtained in (1) of Example 6 in a 0.5-liter autoclave, 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product was decompressed with a vacuum pump at room temperature for 1 day) 0.6 g (2% by weight) of 6% (0.0651 mol) of glycerin (dried product) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24" manufactured by NE Chemcat) I charged. Hydrogen pressure 20kg / cm2The temperature was increased with stirring while flowing hydrogen at 2.5 l / min, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 6 hours, and reacted by flowing hydrogen at 2.5 l / min. Reaction rate 100%. Hydrogenation selectivity 90%.
The product was a mixture of 83% of the title compound (1e) and 17% of 1,3-bis- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -2-propanol. The title compound could be isolated by silica gel column chromatography in the same manner as in Example 6.
[0051]
Example 11
Synthesis of 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e):
(1) 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4e)
In a 2 liter reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer, 326.3 g (3.258 mol) of methyl isobutyl ketone, 200 g (2.172 mol) of glycerin, paratoluene 8.3 g (0.0436 mol) of sulfonic acid monohydrate, 200 ml of toluene and 200 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised while stirring, and the reaction was carried out at 90 to 93 ° C. for 12 hours to distill off a calculated amount of water. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C., neutralized by adding 9.24 g (0.0872 mol) of sodium carbonate, and stirred at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature was gradually raised to 150 ° C., and hexane and toluene were collected and filtered. Then, 341 g of the title compound (4e) was obtained by vacuum distillation using a Vigreux tube (20 cm × 1.5 cm φ) (yield 90.1). %).
b. p. 65-68 ° C / 0.5mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 98.9%. Hydroxyl value 306.1 (theoretical 322.03).
[0052]
(2) 3- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -1,2-propanediol (1e)
30 g (0.172 mol) of (4e) obtained in (1) in a 0.5-liter autoclave, 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product was dried under reduced pressure with a vacuum pump at room temperature for 1 day) 1.5 g (5% by weight) of “5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, K-type, pH 8.2” manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation and 6.88 g (0.0747 mol) of glycerin were charged. . Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was increased with stirring while flowing hydrogen at 2.5 l / min, and the hydrogen pressure was 20 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 6 hours, and reacted by flowing hydrogen at 2.5 l / min. Reaction rate 100%. Hydrogenation selectivity 90%.
The product was a mixture of 86% of the title compound (1e) and 1,3-bis- (1,3-dimethylbutoxy) -2-propanol. The title compound could be isolated by silica gel column chromatography in the same manner as in Example 6.
[0053]
Example 12
Synthesis of 3- (1-heptadecyloctadecyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1f):
[0054]
(1) 2,2-diheptadecyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4f)
In a 500 ml reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer, 200 g (0.395 mol) of diheptadecyl ketone, 36.34 g (0.395 mol) of glycerin, 0.38 g (0.002 mol) of paratoluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and 50 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised with stirring, and the reaction was carried out at 100 ° C. for 136 hours. The calculated amount of water was distilled off, and hexane was further distilled off, to obtain 225.26 g of a reaction mixture containing the compound (4f). (Reaction rate by gas chromatography: 85.4%) Of these, 124.31 g was dissolved in 600 ml of hexane, 1.2 g of sodium carbonate was added for neutralization, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C for 1 hour. After that, insolubles were filtered at 50 ° C., and cooled to room temperature to recover 7.87 g of unreacted diheptadecyl ketone which precipitated. The filtrate was cooled to −20 ° C. to precipitate crystals, and the crystals were collected by filtration and dried in a desiccator under reduced pressure to obtain 95.23 g of the title compound (4f). (Yield 75.2%). m. p. 37-39 ° C.
[0055]
(2) 3- (1-heptadecyloctadecyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1f)
[0056]
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 50 g (0.086 mol) of the compound (4f) obtained in (1), 100 ml of hexane and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were decompressed with a vacuum pump at room temperature for 1 day. 0.9 g (1.8% by weight) (dried product) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24", manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 190 ° C. and the hydrogen pressure was 175 to 250 kg / cm.2For 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration under reduced pressure using Celite 545 as a filter aid, and evaporation was performed to obtain 43.33 g of a mixture containing the title compound (1f) (crude yield: 86.4%). m. p. 36-38 ° C. Of these, 5 g was dissolved in 20 ml of chloroform, and purified by silica gel column chromatography packed with 150 g of Wakogel C-200. First, by-products and raw materials were recovered with chloroform, and subsequently, the solvent was changed to chloroform / methanol = 98/2 to obtain 0.95 g of the title compound (1f) (yield 16.4%). m. p. 55-56 ° C. Gas chromatography purity 98.6%.
[0057]
Spectrum of the title compound (1f)
IR (KBr, cm-1): 3416 (OH stretching), 2920, 2848 (CH stretching), 1468, 1378 (CH bending angle), 1116 (COC stretching), 1092, 1050 (CO stretching) , 720 (CH2Sideways)
[0058]
NMR (CDCl3, Δ ppm):
0.88 (6H, triplet, J = 6.5Hz, -CH 3 ), 1.00 to 1.70 (64H, broad, -CH 2 −), 1.30 to 1.70 (2H, broad, −OH), 3.28 (1H, quintuple, J = 5.0 Hz,> CH-O-), 3.40 to 3.90 (5H, multiple lines, -OC)H 2 CH(OH) CH 2 OH)
[0059]
Example 13
Synthesis of 3- (1-heptadecyloctadecyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1f):
[0060]
(1) 2,2-diheptadecyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4f)
500 g (0.986 mol) of diheptadecyl ketone, 99.92 g (1.085 mol) of glycerin in a 1 l reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer; 3.75 g (0.0197 mol) of paratoluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and 160 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised while stirring, and the reaction was carried out at 100 ° C. for 190 hours. After the calculated amount of water was removed, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C. After adding 20.88 g (0.197 mol) of sodium carbonate and stirring at 60 ° C. for 1 hour for neutralization, 35.29 g of insoluble matter was removed by filtration, and the mixture was cooled to room temperature and unreacted distillate was precipitated. 36.32 g of heptadecyl ketone was recovered by filtration. The filtrate was cooled to −20 ° C., and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 487.28 g of a compound (4f). (Yield 85.1%) m.p. p. 37-39 ° C.
[0061]
(2) 3- (1-heptadecyl otadecyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1f)
200 g (0.344 mol) of the compound (4f) obtained in (1), 400 ml of hexane and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were dried in a 1-liter autoclave at reduced pressure with a vacuum pump at room temperature for 1 day. 3.8 g (1.9% by weight) of "5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24" manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 200 ° C, and the hydrogen pressure was 200 kg / cm at 190 ° C.2For 15 hours.
[0062]
After completion of the reaction, 20 g of Kyoward 600s was passed through as a filter aid, and the mixture was filtered under reduced pressure to remove the catalyst, and 36.17 g of filtered product (catalyst and diheptadecyl ketone) was obtained by evaporating 151.11 g of the obtained product. Among them, 150 g was dissolved in 500 ml of ethanol, and 15 g of 36% HCl, H2Along with 135 g of O, the mixture was charged into a 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a stirring rod, and stirred at 80 ° C. for 24 hours under reflux. The insolubles (135.18 g) precipitated upon cooling were collected by filtration and crystallized from hexane to recover 77.72 g of diheptadecyl ketone. The filtrate was concentrated and the title compound (1f) and 1,3-bis 57.08 g (A) of a mixture of-(1-heptadecyloctadecyloxy) -2-propanol was obtained. After the reaction was completed, the solution was evaporated with ethanol, redissolved in 200 ml of hexane, washed with water and saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, dried over sodium sulfate, and evaporated to give 5.85 g of the title compound (1f) and 1%. A mixture (B) of 2,3-bis (1-heptadecyloctadecyloxy) -2-propanol was obtained. 62.93 g of (A) and (B) were dissolved in 100 ml of chloroform and purified by silica gel column chromatography (400 g of Wakogel C-200). First, the product was eluted with chloroform to separate by-products, and then eluted with chloroform / methanol = 98/2 to obtain 39.37 g of the title compound (1f). (62% yield considering the recovered diheptadecyl ketone)
m. p. 55-56 ° C. Gas chromatography purity 99.3%. HPLC purity 98.4%. Hydroxyl value 190.6 (theoretical 192.47).
[0063]
Example 14
Synthesis of 3- (1-pentylhexyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1 g):
(1) 2,2-dipentyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4 g)
400 g (2.349 mol) of dipentyl ketone, 259.59 g (2.819 mol) of glycerin, paratoluene in a 1 l reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer 4.47 g (0.0235 mol) of sulfonic acid monohydrate and 120 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised with stirring, and the reaction was carried out at 100 ° C. for 126 hours. After removing the calculated amount of water, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C., 24.91 g (0.235 mol) of sodium carbonate was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. Then, 100 ml of water was added, and the mixture was stirred at 50 to 60 ° C. for 15 minutes, and then allowed to stand, to remove an aqueous layer. The organic layer was washed with 100 ml of water and then evaporated to obtain 563.05 g of crude compound (4 g) (purity of gas chromatography: 87.0%). Of these, 561.20 g was distilled to obtain 412.86 g of a compound (4 g) (yield: 72.1%).
b. p. 128-130 ° C / 1 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 97.7%. Hydroxyl value 237.4 (theoretical value 229.6).
[0064]
(2) 3- (1-pentylhexyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1 g)
50 g (0.205 mol) of the compound (4 g) obtained in (1), 200 ml of hexane and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product) were reduced in a 0.5-liter autoclave with a vacuum pump under reduced pressure at room temperature for 1 day. 1 g (2% by weight) (dried product) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24" manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 130 ° C., and the hydrogen pressure was 200 kg / cm.2For 6 hours, and at 190 ° C, hydrogen pressure 200kg / cm2For 3 hours. During this time, sampling was performed occasionally. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration under reduced pressure through Kyoward 600s as a filter aid and evaporated to obtain 40.2 g of the crude title compound (1 g). 200 ml of ethanol, 1 g of 36% HCl, H2100 g of O was charged into a 500-ml reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a stirring rod, and refluxed and stirred at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, evaporated with ethanol, added with 200 ml of hexane, washed with 100 ml of water, further washed with 100 ml of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and dried with sodium sulfate. After evaporation, 38 g of the obtained oil was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 21.79 g of the title compound (1 g) (yield: 57.3%).
b. p. 143-145 [deg.] C / 1 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 97.1%. Hydroxyl value 442.0 (theoretical 455.44).
[0065]
Spectrum of the title compound (1 g)
IR (NEAT, cm-1): 3396 (OH stretching), 2928, 2860 (CH stretching), 1462, 1380 (CH bending), 1098 (COC stretching), 1064, 1050, 930 (CO) 724 (CH2Sideways)
[0066]
NMR (CDCl3, Δ ppm):
0.88 (6H, triplet, J = 6.7Hz, -CH 3 ), 1.00 to 1.70 (16H, broad, -CH 2 ), 2.20 to 2.70 (2H, broad, -OH), 3.28 (1H, quintuple, J = 5.0 Hz,> CH-O-), 3.40 to 4.00 (5H, multiple lines, -OC)H 2 -CH(OH) CH 2 OH)
[0067]
Example 15
Synthesis of 3- (1-heptyloctyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1h):
(1) 2,2-diheptyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (4h)
100 g (0.442 mol) of diheptyl ketone, 44.75 g (0.486 mol) of glycerin, paraffin in a 300 ml reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, reflux condenser, Dean-Stark trap, calcium chloride tube and stirrer 1.68 g (0.00832 mol) of toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and 30 ml of hexane were charged. The temperature was raised with stirring, the reaction was carried out at 100 ° C. for 78 hours, the calculated amount of water was distilled off, and the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C., and neutralized by adding 8.82 g (0.0832 mol) of sodium carbonate. For 1 hour. Further, 50 ml of water was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour and allowed to stand, and then the aqueous layer was removed. Further, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with 50 ml of water was dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to obtain 134.93 g of a crude compound (4h) (gas chromatography purity: 90%). This was distilled to obtain 101.65 g of the compound (4h) (yield: 76.5%).
b. p. 152-153 ° C / 0.5 mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 97.2%. Hydroxyl value 194.9 (theoretical value 186.72).
[0068]
(2) 3- (1-heptyloctyloxy) -1,2-propanediol (1h)
In a 0.5 l autoclave, 60 g (0.200 mol) of the compound (4h) obtained in (1) and 5% Pd / C (dry product: 50% water-containing product were dried by a vacuum pump under reduced pressure at room temperature for one day). 1.2 g (2% by weight) ("5% Pd carbon powder 50% water-containing product, E-type, pH 6.24", manufactured by NE Chemcat Corporation) was charged. Hydrogen pressure 10kg / cm2The temperature was raised while stirring at 130 ° C and the hydrogen pressure was 70 kg / cm.2For 5 hours, and at 190 ° C., hydrogen pressure 70 kg / cm2For 2 hours. During this time, sampling was performed occasionally. After completion of the reaction, filtration was performed under reduced pressure using 6.0 g of Kyoward 600s as a filter aid to remove the catalyst, followed by evaporation to obtain 51.97 g of the crude title compound (1h). 200 ml of ethanol, 10 g of 36% HCl, H290 g of O was charged into a 500 ml reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a reflux condenser and a stirring rod, and refluxed and stirred at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and ethanol was evaporated. Then, 200 ml of hexane was added, and the mixture was washed with 100 ml of water, further washed with 100 ml of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and dried with sodium sulfate. After evaporation, 50.57 g of the obtained oil was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 26.95 g of the title compound (1h) (yield 53.3%).
b. p. 160-162 ° C / 0.4mmHg. Gas chromatography purity 96.8%. Hydroxyl value 360.7 (theoretical 370.96).
[0069]
Spectrum of the title compound (1h)
IR (NEAT, cm-1): 3412 (OH stretching), 2924, 2856 (CH stretching), 1462, 1378 (CH bending), 1104 (CO-C stretching), 1062, 1050 (CO stretching) , 722 (CH2Sideways)
[0070]
NMR (CDCl3, Δ ppm):
0.89 (6H, triplet, J = 6.4Hz, -CH 3 ), 1.08 to 1.70 (24H, broad, -CH 2 ), 2.20 to 2.60 (2H, broad, -OH), 3.27 (1H, quintuple, J = 5.6 Hz,> CH-O-), 3.37 to 4.00 (5H, multiple lines, -OC)H 2 -CH(OH) -CH 2 OH)
[0071]
Examples 16 to 19
An alkyl glyceryl ether as shown in Table 1 was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 15. The compounds shown in Table 2 were synthesized for comparison of substances (melting points).
[0072]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003573785
[0073]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003573785
[0074]
It can be seen that the compound of the present invention has the same melting point even when the alkyl chain length is about twice that of the linear alkyl glyceryl ether shown in the comparative compound.
[0075]
Test example 1
0.1 g of the compound of the present invention and 1.4 g of squalane were dissolved by heating, 3.5 g of ion-exchanged water was added at a stretch at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred at 9000 rpm for 2 minutes using a homogenizer to prepare an evaluation sample. Table 3 shows the properties of the obtained evaluation samples.
[0076]
Test example 2
The solubilization rate of water was indicated by the weight percent of water added to 1 g of the compound of the present invention at room temperature while gradually adding ion-exchanged water while stirring with a spatula and starting to separate water. The higher the solubilization rate of water, the greater the interaction between the compound and water, which is a measure of the emollient and moisturizing effects. Table 3 shows the results.
[0077]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003573785
[0078]
Since the alkyl glyceryl ether (1A) of the present invention has a polar group such as a hydroxyl group, the alkyl glyceryl ether has hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, good adsorption to the skin, and compatibility with oil having a polar group. good. Moreover, unlike known glyceryl ethers (Comparative Compounds (a) and (b)), which undergo W / O emulsification, they have O / W emulsification because they are branched at the α-position even with the same number of carbon atoms. It can be said that the oil is very polar. In addition, an aggregate such as a liquid crystal is hardly formed, is hardly soluble in water, and apparently has a strong property as an oil. Therefore, when the compound of the present invention is applied to cosmetics, it is highly resistant to washing when applied to the skin, and has high utility as an emollient and humectant having excellent persistence and high persistence on the skin. As a polar oil, it has good compatibility with other polar oils and can be applied to lubricants.

Claims (4)

次の一般式(2)The following general formula (2)
Figure 0003573785
Figure 0003573785
〔式中、R[Wherein, R 1One 及びRAnd R 2Two は同一でも異なっていてもよい炭素数2〜21のアルキル基を示す〕で表わされるカルボニル化合物に、酸触媒下グリセリンを反応させ、得られた化合物に水素添加することを特徴とする一般式(1)Represents an alkyl group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different from each other]. 1)
Figure 0003573785
Figure 0003573785
〔式中、R[Wherein, R 1 1 及びRAnd R 2 Two は前記と同じものを示す〕で表わされるグリセリルエーテル類の製造法。Represents the same as described above].
水素添加をパラジウム触媒を用いて行なうことを特徴とする請求項1記載のグリセリルエーテル類の製造法。 The method for producing glyceryl ethers according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogenation is performed using a palladium catalyst . 水素添加を活性炭に担持された触媒を用いて行なうことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のグリセリルエーテル類の製造法。The method for producing glyceryl ethers according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrogenation is performed using a catalyst supported on activated carbon . 水素添加をpH が5〜8の触媒を用いて行なうことを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載のグリセリルエーテル類の製造法。 4. The method for producing glyceryl ethers according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogenation is carried out using a catalyst having a pH of 5 to 8 .
JP09734294A 1993-05-13 1994-05-11 Glyceryl ethers and their production Expired - Fee Related JP3573785B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP09734294A JP3573785B2 (en) 1993-05-13 1994-05-11 Glyceryl ethers and their production

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11181393 1993-05-13
JP5-111813 1993-05-13
JP09734294A JP3573785B2 (en) 1993-05-13 1994-05-11 Glyceryl ethers and their production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0725804A JPH0725804A (en) 1995-01-27
JP3573785B2 true JP3573785B2 (en) 2004-10-06

Family

ID=26438537

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP09734294A Expired - Fee Related JP3573785B2 (en) 1993-05-13 1994-05-11 Glyceryl ethers and their production

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3573785B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4980045B2 (en) * 2006-12-25 2012-07-18 花王株式会社 Method for producing monoalkyl glyceryl ether
EP2939997B1 (en) 2012-12-28 2018-12-05 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Polyether diol and method for producing the same
DE102013207156A1 (en) 2013-04-19 2014-10-23 Adidas Ag Shoe, in particular a sports shoe
US11666113B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-06-06 Adidas Ag Shoe with knitted outer sole
DE102014220087B4 (en) 2014-10-02 2016-05-12 Adidas Ag Flat knitted shoe top for sports shoes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0725804A (en) 1995-01-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPS6324496B2 (en)
US20130046102A1 (en) Glyceryl ether compounds and their use
CN101351438A (en) Epoxide intermediate in the tamiflu synthesis
EP0624563A1 (en) Glycerin derivatives and process for producing the same
US5306847A (en) Manufacture of 1,2-propylene glycol
JP3573785B2 (en) Glyceryl ethers and their production
RU2646220C2 (en) New alicycle diol compound and method of its obtainment
JP2763383B2 (en) Muscon's process and open-chain 2,15-diketone having two unsaturated bonds
ES2608153T3 (en) New alicyclic alcohol
JPS6039253B2 (en) Method for producing polyol ether
JP3143189B2 (en) Fragrance composition
JP3227020B2 (en) Ketals and their production
JP4027471B2 (en) Novel cyclohexylalkanols and perfume compositions containing the same
JPS61197535A (en) Manufacture of ether/ether-alcohol composition
EP0326959B1 (en) Perfume base composition comprising 2-cyclohexylpropanal and process for the preparation of this compound
JPH06321837A (en) Hydroxyethers and their production
EP0807617B1 (en) Process for preparing 1,5-pentanediol derivative
US5254757A (en) Preparation of 2,2-bis-hydroxymethyl-butanediol-(1,4)
JP3871731B2 (en) Method for producing ether compounds
JP3642860B2 (en) 5-Benzylhexanol-2 and perfume composition containing the same
EP0559789A1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF $g(a)-ALKYL LACTONES
JP5080776B2 (en) Ester compound
JP3908310B2 (en) Method for producing ether compounds
JP3254746B2 (en) Terminal acetylene compound and method for producing the same
JP3365939B2 (en) Fluorinated ether compounds

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040212

RD02 Notification of acceptance of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422

Effective date: 20040212

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20040330

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040416

A911 Transfer of reconsideration by examiner before appeal (zenchi)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911

Effective date: 20040519

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20040629

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20040630

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080709

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080709

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090709

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090709

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100709

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110709

Year of fee payment: 7

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees