JP3573486B2 - Filter paper for filter - Google Patents
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- JP3573486B2 JP3573486B2 JP08935194A JP8935194A JP3573486B2 JP 3573486 B2 JP3573486 B2 JP 3573486B2 JP 08935194 A JP08935194 A JP 08935194A JP 8935194 A JP8935194 A JP 8935194A JP 3573486 B2 JP3573486 B2 JP 3573486B2
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、ビルや一般工場等の空調を目的として、空調ダクトやその末端に備えられる機器内に設けられる中性能フィルターとして使用されるフィルター用濾紙に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
フィルターは、その能力に応じて分類が成されており、本願が対象とする中性能エアフィルターは以下のような性能を有するものである。
適応粉塵粒径 0.5〜5μm以上 適応粉塵濃度 0.1〜0.6mg/m3
圧力損失 1〜20mmAq、 捕集効率 比色法 40〜95%
適用用途 中間フィルター
さて、このような中性能フィルターは、例えば、ビル空調時、外気取入経路に設置されて、外気の除塵を行うことを目的としている。しかしながら、車の排気ガス等が蔓延している今日、単に除塵を目的としたのみでは、大気中の炭化水素、NOx,SOx等が除去できないため、空調エアーに対して不快感が残る。従って、この種の問題を解決するために除塵性能と脱臭性能を併せ持ったフィルター用素材の開発が進められている。
除塵性能と脱臭性能とを兼ね備えた中性能フィルターとしては、以下に示す4種のものが、従来、提案されていた。
【0003】
従来例1 レーヨン系樹脂、PAN系樹脂、フェノール系樹脂などを材料とした有機繊維の表面に脱臭剤などを含浸又はコーティングして、除塵機能と脱臭性能を備えたもの。
従来例2 活性炭素繊維を抄紙したフィルター用濾紙を原料とし、その原紙を従来例1と同等な有機繊維による不織布でサンドイッチ状に挟んで構成し、両者を熱融着加工またはホットメルト接着法により接着して、フィルター素材としたもの。
従来例3 特開平2−115013号に開示されるように、活性炭素繊維を40〜70wt%、ガラス繊維を20〜40wt%、接着材を1〜4wt%含有して、フィルター素材としたもの。
従来例4 特公平5−10124号に開示されるように、フィビリル結合繊維、活性炭およびサブミクロン寸法のガラス繊維を含有して不織フィルター素材としたもの。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記夫々の従来技術においては、以下に示すような欠点があった。
従来例1のものは、脱臭剤などの含浸またはコーティングに起因して有機繊維の表面積が減少し、塵埃の保持量が減少して早期に除塵機能が低下し、頻繁に交換せざるを得ず、実用性に欠ける。
従来例2のものは、フィルター用濾紙と不織布との重ね合わせや、接着に伴って圧力損失が大きくなり、塵埃の捕集効率が低下し、また、全体が厚くなって取扱いづらいうえに接着のための加工が必要で高価である。
従来例3のものは、活性炭素繊維の量が比較的多いため、圧力損失が大きいとともに素材の引張強度が低く、例えば、素材をプリーツ加工して使用しようとすると、折り曲げ部位にクラックが入る等加工性に問題がある。
従来例4のものは、前者の例とは逆に素材の引張強度は高く、加工性は良いものの、PAN(フィブリル化結合繊維)により他の繊維を結合しているため、その比表面積が小さく、吸着活性に劣る。
さらに、従来例3、4のものは、使用するガラス繊維としてサブミクロンのガラス繊維を使用するため、この要因に伴う圧力損失が比較的高くなるという問題点がある。
【0005】
従って、本発明の目的は上記の種々の問題点を解決することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的を達成するための本発明によるフィルター用濾紙の特徴構成は、活性炭素繊維を10〜40重量%、平均繊維径2〜3μmのガラス繊維を10重量%以上、接着剤を4〜6重量%、NBKP及びレーヨンを含有させて混抄し、引張強度が0.8kg/25mm以上であることを特徴とする。
さらに、この濾紙において、前記活性炭素繊維の公称比表面積が700〜2500m2/gであることが好ましい。
そして、その作用・効果は次の通りである。
【0007】
【作用】
本願の濾紙は、活性炭素繊維とガラス繊維とを接着剤で接着して構成されるため、活性炭素繊維及びガラス繊維にて除塵機能を確保できるとともに、活性炭素繊維により脱臭機能を確保することができる。
さて、活性炭素繊維の含有量は比較的低く抑えられるが、この程度の含有量で充分な脱臭機能を果たすことが可能であるとともに、圧力損失を低く抑え、素材の引張強度を確保することができる。ここで、この含有率が10重量%以下では脱臭の効果が充分ではなく、逆に40重量%以上では濾紙の引張強度が低下し易い。
ガラス繊維としては、使用する中性能フィルターの除塵効率(60%以上、80%以上、90%以上)に応じて、上記範囲内で適切な含有量を選択する。例えば、含有量15重量%程度では除塵効率65%、同じく40重量%程度では除塵効率95wt%とすることが可能である。ここで、含有量を10重量%以下とすると充分な除塵効率を得ることができない。
さらに、本願においては、ガラス繊維としてサブミクロンのガラス繊維を用いず、平均繊維径が数μmのものを使用するため、濾紙の引張強度を比較的高くした状態で、圧力損失を低い状態に保持できる。
さらに、接着剤としては、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)樹脂、アクリル樹脂や繊維状ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)や繊維状アクリル、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン等の有機繊維、あるいは、それらの混合物を使用することができるが、この含有量が4重量%より低いと、充分な強度が得られず、逆に6重量%より高いと活性炭素繊維の比表面積が低下して、好ましくない。
さらに、接着剤としてポリビニルアルコールを使用することにより、その少量で活性炭素繊維やガラス繊維の分散性も向上することができて、表面の仕上がりを高くできる。図2にポリビニルアルコール(PVA)の添加割合(%)と引張強度及び比表面積の関係を示した。添加割合の増加に伴って、引張強度が増加するが、比表面積が減少するため、この添加割合(%)としても1〜4%が好ましいことが判る。
【0008】
また、活性炭素繊維としては、脱臭対象となる成分に応じ、公称比表面積が700〜2500m2/gのもの(平均細孔半径が7〜15μm)を選択して使用できるが、生活臭と称される、たばこ臭(アルデヒド類)、トイレ臭(アンモニア類)、腐敗臭(メルカプタン類、アミン類)を主として吸着除去するには、公称比表面積が700〜1500m2/gのものを使用するのが好ましい。
【0009】
【発明の効果】
従って、例えばプリーツ加工が可能な引張強度を確保できるとともに、その圧力損失が低く抑えられ、充分な除塵、脱臭機構を果たすことができるフィルター用濾紙を得ることができた。
【0010】
【実施例】
本願の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。図1には、本願のフィルター用濾紙の使用状況を示している。こういった中性能フィルターは、空調用のダクト(図外)、もしくは空調用機器(図外)の吸引口に配設可能な、取付枠体1内に保形用の波形スペーサ2を備えるとともに、それらの波形スペーサ2間に、本願のフィルター用濾紙3を備えて、その空調機能を発揮するように構成される。ここで、フィルター用濾紙3の上下両端縁夫々は取付枠体1の内周面に熱融着剤により接着して一体化される。図1において、除塵、脱臭対象の空気は、A方向に流れる。
さて、上記のフィルター用濾紙を得るにあたり、従来構成のフィルター(比較例1、2、3とともに、その性能比較をおこなった結果について説明する。
検討対象としたフィルター用濾紙の組成、その物性、評価結果を表1に示した。
検討対象としたフィルター用濾紙の特徴を、以下に箇条書きする。
実施例1
本発明に於ける効果率65%のフィルター
実施例2
本発明に於ける効果率90%のフィルター
実施例3
本発明に於ける効果率90%のフィルター
比較例1
特公平5−10124に対応する90%フィルターで、フィビリル化結合繊維により融着結合したもの。
比較例2
特開平2−115013に対応する90%フィルターで、活性炭素繊維(ACF)を70%含有するもの。
比較例3
特開平2−115013に対応する90%フィルターで、活性炭素繊維(ACF)を30%含有するもの。
【0011】
【表1】
【0012】
表1に示す材料 ガラス繊維(MGF−110 、MGF−108 、MGF−308 )、熱融着繊維(CS−6) 、PAN繊維(フィブリル化結合繊維)、 有機繊維(レーヨン(8d ×8m) 、NBKP)、さらに、アクリルバインダー(PVA)の正式名、公称径、メーカー、使用目的を表2に示した。
【0013】
さらに、表1において、ΔPは通気抵抗である圧力損失であり、DOP透過率は、ジオクチルフタレートの蒸気(粒径0.3μ)を空気中に添加し、その透過率を光電式粒子測定器により測定したものであり、これはフィルターの捕集率の目安となる。65%フィルター及び90%フィルターとしては、夫々、この値が、65%、40%程度で、充分、その目的を達することができる。
さらに、引張強度に関しては、エアフィルタ用濾紙の試験方法(試験方法名JIS P 8113 紙及び板紙の引張強さ試験法)に従った。
【0014】
【表2】
【0015】
結果、実施例1、2、3のものは中性フィルターとしての除塵性能を充分に備えるとともに、2400時間の使用に対してその除塵性能を保持できた。
一方、比較例1のものは、1600時間程度で除塵性能を失った。
【0016】
さらに、表1の評価の欄に示すように、本願のものの引張強度は比較例2、3のものよりも高く、例えばプリーツ加工して使用することも可能である。一方、圧力損失は比較的低く維持される。
さらに、プリーツ加工性について説明すると、エアーフィルターとしては、プリーツ型フィルターとフラット型フィルターがあり、プリーツ型フィルターは、フィルター内に充填できるペーパー量が多いため、除塵および脱臭寿命が長くなる。また、処理ガスの通過断面積が大きくなるので、処理ガスの通気線速度が低くなり圧力損失も低くなる。
ところが、中性能除塵脱臭ペーパーをプリーツ加工するには、引張強度が0.8kg/25mm以上必要である(大阪ガス経験値)。ここで、実施例1〜3のペーパーは、引張強度が1.38kg/25mmあるため、プリーツ加工可能であるが、比較例2,3のペーパーはガラス繊維径が細いためガラス繊維1本あたりのバインダー量が少なくなり、引張強度が弱い。従って、用途はフラット型フィルターに限られる。
【0017】
さて、上記した活性炭素繊維としては、ピッチ系、セルロース系、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)系、フェノール系の活性炭素繊維等、各種の活性炭素繊維を適応できる。
さらに上記のものに、補強繊維として、ガラスチョップストランドやウッドパルプなどの繊維を含有してもよく、特には、繊維直径が5μm以上で3〜15mmの長さのものが良い。除塵性能及び脱臭性能のいずれをも低下させずに補強効果を得る上で、その含有量は30重量%以下にするのが好ましい。
【0018】
尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を便利にするために符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】フィルターの使用状態を示す図
【図2】PVA含有量と引張強度及び比表面積の関係を示す図
【符号の説明】
3 フィルター用濾紙[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a filter paper for a filter used as a medium-performance filter provided in an air-conditioning duct or a device provided at an end of the duct for the purpose of air-conditioning a building or a general factory.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Filters are classified according to their capabilities, and the medium-performance air filters targeted by the present application have the following performance.
Adaptable dust particle size 0.5 to 5 μm or more Adaptable dust concentration 0.1 to 0.6 mg / m 3
Application Applications Intermediate Filter Such a medium-performance filter is installed in an outside air intake path, for example, at the time of building air conditioning, and is intended to remove dust from outside air. However, in the present day when exhaust gases from vehicles are widespread, simply removing dust cannot remove hydrocarbons, NOx, SOx, and the like in the air, so that unpleasant sensation remains with the air-conditioned air. Therefore, in order to solve this kind of problem, development of a filter material having both dust removal performance and deodorization performance has been promoted.
As a medium-performance filter having both dust removal performance and deodorization performance, the following four types have been conventionally proposed.
[0003]
Conventional Example 1 An organic fiber made of rayon-based resin, PAN-based resin, phenol-based resin or the like is impregnated or coated with a deodorant or the like to provide a dust removing function and deodorizing performance.
Conventional Example 2 A filter paper for a filter made of activated carbon fiber is used as a raw material, and the base paper is sandwiched between nonwoven fabrics made of the same organic fibers as in Conventional Example 1 to form a sandwich, and the two are heat-sealed or hot-melt bonded. Adhered to filter material.
Conventional Example 3 As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H2-115013, a filter material containing 40 to 70% by weight of activated carbon fiber, 20 to 40% by weight of glass fiber, and 1 to 4% by weight of an adhesive.
Conventional example 4 As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-10124, a nonwoven filter material containing fibrillated fiber, activated carbon and glass fiber having a submicron size.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, each of the above prior arts has the following disadvantages.
In the conventional example 1, the surface area of the organic fibers is reduced due to impregnation or coating with a deodorant or the like, the amount of retained dust is reduced, and the dust removal function is reduced at an early stage. Lack of practicality.
In the case of Conventional Example 2, the pressure loss increases due to the lamination of the filter paper for filter and the nonwoven fabric and the adhesion, the dust collection efficiency decreases, and the whole becomes thicker, which makes it difficult to handle, and furthermore, the adhesion becomes poor. Processing is necessary and expensive.
In the case of Conventional Example 3, since the amount of activated carbon fibers is relatively large, the pressure loss is large and the tensile strength of the material is low. For example, when the material is pleated and used, a crack is formed in a bent portion. There is a problem with workability.
Contrary to the former example, the material of Conventional Example 4 has high tensile strength and good workability, but has a small specific surface area because other fibers are bonded by PAN (fibrillated bonding fibers). Poor in adsorption activity.
Further, the conventional examples 3 and 4 use a submicron glass fiber as the glass fiber to be used, so that there is a problem that the pressure loss accompanying this factor is relatively high.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the various problems described above.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the filter paper according to the present invention has a characteristic configuration in which activated carbon fiber is 10 to 40% by weight, glass fiber having an average fiber diameter of 2 to 3 μm is 10% by weight or more, and an adhesive is 4 to 6% by weight. %, NBKP and rayon, and are blended, and have a tensile strength of 0.8 kg / 25 mm or more .
Further, in this filter paper, the activated carbon fiber preferably has a nominal specific surface area of 700 to 2500 m 2 / g.
The operation and effect are as follows.
[0007]
[Action]
Since the filter paper of the present application is configured by bonding activated carbon fiber and glass fiber with an adhesive, the activated carbon fiber and glass fiber can secure a dust removing function, and the activated carbon fiber can secure a deodorizing function. it can.
By the way, the content of the activated carbon fiber can be kept relatively low, but it is possible to achieve a sufficient deodorizing function with such a content, and it is also possible to suppress the pressure loss low and secure the tensile strength of the material. it can. Here, if the content is 10% by weight or less, the deodorizing effect is not sufficient, and if it is 40% by weight or more, the tensile strength of the filter paper tends to decrease.
As the glass fiber, an appropriate content is selected within the above range according to the dust removal efficiency (60% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more) of the medium-performance filter to be used. For example, when the content is about 15% by weight, the dust removal efficiency can be 65%, and when the content is about 40% by weight, the dust removal efficiency can be 95% by weight. Here, if the content is 10% by weight or less, sufficient dust removal efficiency cannot be obtained.
Furthermore, in the present application, since a glass fiber having an average fiber diameter of several μm is used without using submicron glass fiber as the glass fiber, the pressure loss is kept low while the tensile strength of the filter paper is relatively high. it can.
Further, as the adhesive, organic fibers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resin, acrylic resin, fibrous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), fibrous acrylic, polyester, and polypropylene, or a mixture thereof can be used. If the content is less than 4% by weight, sufficient strength cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 6% by weight, the specific surface area of the activated carbon fibers decreases, which is not preferable.
Further, by using polyvinyl alcohol as the adhesive, the dispersibility of the activated carbon fibers and glass fibers can be improved with a small amount thereof, and the surface finish can be enhanced. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the addition ratio (%) of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the tensile strength and specific surface area. Although the tensile strength increases with an increase in the addition ratio, the specific surface area decreases. Therefore, it is understood that the addition ratio (%) is preferably 1 to 4%.
[0008]
As the activated carbon fiber, those having a nominal specific surface area of 700 to 2500 m 2 / g (average pore radius of 7 to 15 μm) can be selected and used according to the component to be deodorized. To mainly absorb and remove tobacco odors (aldehydes), toilet odors (ammonias) and putrefaction odors (mercaptans and amines), use those with a nominal specific surface area of 700 to 1500 m 2 / g. Is preferred.
[0009]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, for example, it was possible to obtain a filter paper for a filter capable of securing a tensile strength capable of pleating, suppressing a pressure loss thereof, and performing a sufficient dust removing and deodorizing mechanism.
[0010]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the usage of the filter paper of the present invention. Such a medium-performance filter includes a shape-maintaining
Now, in obtaining the filter paper for a filter described above, a description will be given of the results of performance comparison between the filter having the conventional configuration (Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3).
Table 1 shows the composition, physical properties, and evaluation results of the filter paper for a filter that was examined.
The characteristics of the filter paper for the study are listed below.
Example 1
Example 2 of Filter with 65% Effectiveness in the Present Invention
Example 3 of filter having 90% efficiency in the present invention
Comparative Example 1 of Filter with 90% Effective Rate in the Present Invention
90% filter corresponding to Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-10124, which is fused and bonded with fibrillated bonding fibers.
Comparative Example 2
A 90% filter corresponding to JP-A-2-15013, containing 70% of activated carbon fiber (ACF).
Comparative Example 3
A 90% filter corresponding to JP-A-2-15013, containing 30% of activated carbon fiber (ACF).
[0011]
[Table 1]
[0012]
Materials shown in Table 1 Glass fiber (MGF-110, MGF-108, MGF-308), heat fusion fiber (CS-6), PAN fiber (fibrillated binding fiber), organic fiber (rayon (8d × 8m), Table 2 shows the official names, nominal diameters, manufacturers and intended uses of NBKP) and acrylic binder (PVA).
[0013]
Further, in Table 1, ΔP is a pressure loss which is a ventilation resistance, and a DOP transmittance is obtained by adding a vapor of dioctyl phthalate (particle diameter: 0.3 μm) to air and measuring the transmittance by a photoelectric particle meter. is obtained by measurement, this is a measure of the collection rate of the filter. For the 65% filter and the 90% filter, these values are about 65% and 40%, respectively, and the purpose can be sufficiently achieved.
Further, the tensile strength was in accordance with a test method for a filter paper for an air filter (test method name: JIS P 8113, a tensile strength test method for paper and paperboard).
[0014]
[Table 2]
[0015]
As a result, those of Examples 1, 2, and 3 were sufficiently provided with the dust removing performance as a neutral filter, and were able to maintain the dust removing performance after 2,400 hours of use.
On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Example 1, the dust removing performance was lost in about 1600 hours.
[0016]
Furthermore, as shown in the column of evaluation in Table 1, the tensile strength of the present invention is higher than those of Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and for example, it can be used by pleating. On the other hand, the pressure loss is kept relatively low.
Further, the pleating workability will be described. Air filters include a pleated filter and a flat filter. The pleated filter has a large amount of paper that can be filled in the filter, and thus has a long dust removal and deodorizing life. Further, since the passage cross-sectional area of the processing gas increases, the linear velocity of the processing gas decreases, and the pressure loss also decreases.
However, in order to pleate medium-performance dust removing and deodorizing paper, a tensile strength of 0.8 kg / 25 mm or more is required (Osaka Gas experience value). Here, the papers of Examples 1 to 3 can be pleated because the tensile strength is 1.38 kg / 25 mm. The amount of binder is small and the tensile strength is weak. Therefore, applications are limited to flat filters.
[0017]
As the activated carbon fibers described above, various activated carbon fibers such as pitch-based, cellulose-based, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) -based, and phenol-based activated carbon fibers can be applied.
Further, the above-mentioned fibers may contain fibers such as glass chop strands and wood pulp as reinforcing fibers, and particularly those having a fiber diameter of 5 μm or more and a length of 3 to 15 mm are preferable. In order to obtain a reinforcing effect without deteriorating any of the dust removing performance and the deodorizing performance, the content is preferably 30% by weight or less.
[0018]
Incidentally, reference numerals are written in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a use state of a filter. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a PVA content, a tensile strength, and a specific surface area.
3 Filter paper for filter
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP08935194A JP3573486B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Filter paper for filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP08935194A JP3573486B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Filter paper for filter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07289828A JPH07289828A (en) | 1995-11-07 |
JP3573486B2 true JP3573486B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=13968295
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP08935194A Expired - Lifetime JP3573486B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Filter paper for filter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP3573486B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003071216A (en) * | 2001-09-03 | 2003-03-11 | Nitta Ind Corp | Antibacterial filter medium and production method therefor |
JP4593224B2 (en) | 2004-03-30 | 2010-12-08 | ニチアス株式会社 | Chemical filter and manufacturing method thereof |
DE102011114400A1 (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-03-28 | Hydac Filtertechnik Gmbh | filter material |
-
1994
- 1994-04-27 JP JP08935194A patent/JP3573486B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07289828A (en) | 1995-11-07 |
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