JP3573446B2 - Cutter bit changer for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cutter bit changing device for a shield machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When the long-distance shield tunnel was constructed, the cutter bits were worn. Therefore, a vertical shaft for inspection or a ground improvement zone was provided on the way, and the cutter bits were replaced by self-standing.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the cutter bit A11 is worn, the worker AM passes through a hollow shaft A3 provided at the center of the shield machine A1 to cut a spoke. A method has been proposed in which the cutter bit A11 is replaced by using a jack A15 for extracting the cutter bit, stopping the water with the water stop valve A14, and moving the water into the A10. In the drawing, reference numeral A2 denotes a cutter face, A13 denotes a water stop seal, and A12 denotes a bit mounting bolt. This method is superior in safety and cost as compared with the above conventional means.
However, the workability of exchanging the cutter bit by these means is not always good, because a special tool such as a jack is required.
The present invention is to provide a cutter bit exchanging apparatus based on a subsequent research result of the present applicant regarding the cutter bit exchanging.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutter bit exchanging device of a shield machine capable of exchanging a cutter bit with good workability in a cutter spoke of the shield machine.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, there is provided a cutter bit exchanging device for exchanging a cutter bit mounted on a cut-spoke of a shield machine, comprising a stepped cylindrical valve case (3), and a small-diameter side of the valve case (3). Is fitted with a first oilless bush (18) supporting a cutter bit shaft (12), and a first case cover (4) is detachably attached to an end thereof, and a valve case (3) thereof is provided. A second case cover (5) is detachably attached to the large-diameter end of the valve case. A valve chamber (6) is formed by the inner diameter of the valve case (3) and the second case cover (5). A ball valve (7) is rotatably supported in the valve chamber (6), and a cutter bit (12a) is provided in an inner hole (7a) of the ball valve (7). The shaft (12) is penetrated, and the second case cover ( ) Is provided with a bit shaft case (8) having a second oilless bush (19) and supporting one end of the cutter bit shaft (12), the bit shaft case (8) having a rear end face. A bit shaft fixing cover (10) for fixing a mounting position of the cutter bit shaft (12) in the rotation direction at a predetermined position via a bit shaft case cover (9) is provided, and the cutter bit shaft (12) is The ball valve (7) blocks the through hole of the valve case (3) through which the cutter bit shaft (12) penetrates when the spoke is pulled inward.
[0005]
With the cutter bit changing device, the worker removes the old cutter bit shaft worn inside the cut-spoke into the spoke and replaces it with a new cutter bit shaft. When pulling out the old cutter bit shaft, turn the ball valve to shut off muddy water and soil. Therefore, the cutter bit can be safely and easily replaced without any special tool.
[0006]
According to the invention, the cutter bit (12A) is detachably attached to the cutter bit shaft (12B).
[0007]
With the cutter bit changing device, the worker pulls out the old cutter bit worn in the cut-spoke together with the cutter bit holding shaft into the spoke and replaces the old cutter bit with a new cutter bit. When the cutter bit is pulled out together with the cutter bit holding shaft, the ball valve is turned to shut off muddy water and soil. Therefore, the cutter bit can be safely and easily replaced without any special tool. Since the cutter bit alone is small, it is easy to carry in the new cutter bit into the cut-spoke and carry out the old cutter bit, and workability is good.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a cutter bit changing device for a shield machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a side cross section of the cutter bit changing device 1 of the shield machine, and FIG. 2 shows a front surface thereof, and FIG. 3 shows a rear surface of FIG.
[0009]
The bit exchange device 1 includes a stepped cylindrical valve case 3, a second case cover 5 detachably attached to a large-diameter end of the valve case 3, and an inner diameter of the valve case 3. A valve chamber 6 formed by the second case cover 5, a ball valve 7 rotatably supported in the valve chamber 6, a cutter bit shaft 12 passing through an inner hole 7 a of the ball valve 7, The main part is composed of a bit shaft case 8 that supports the end of the cutter bit shaft 12 and a bit shaft fixing cover 10 that fixes the rotational position of the cutter bit shaft 12.
[0010]
The valve case 3 has a stepped cylindrical outer shape in which the small outer diameter and the large outer diameter are connected by inclined lines.
A first OILES bush 18 for supporting the cutter bit shaft 12 is fitted to the inner diameter of the valve case 3 on the small outer diameter side, and is in front of the small outer diameter side (the sharp end of the cutter bit is defined as the front side). A first case cover 4 is attached to the end face with bolts 4b.
[0011]
The first case cover 4 positions the oilless bush 18 in the axial direction, and has a scraper 21 and a packing 22 provided therein to block muddy water and soil.
The inner diameter of the large outer diameter side of the valve case 3 is inclined and connected to the inner diameter of the small outer diameter side to form the majority of the valve chamber 6. A second case cover 5 is attached to the rear end face of the large outer diameter side of the valve case 3, and forms a valve chamber 6 together with the valve case 3 as described above. At the end of the valve case 3 on the valve chamber 6 side and at the inner end of the second case cover 5, square Teflon support members 16 for supporting the ball valve 7 are mounted.
The ball valve 7 is rotatably supported by valve support members 16, 16 in the valve chamber 6, and is provided so that an inner hole 7 a passing through the ball core passes through the cutter bit shaft 12.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A, the cutter bit shaft 12 has a cutter bit portion 12a formed at a sharp end of a front end of a shaft portion 12b, and a rear end of the cutter bit shaft 12 for fixing a rotational position. A seat 12c is formed. In FIG. 1, both ends of the shaft portion 12b penetrate through the inner hole 7a of the ball valve 7 and are supported by a first oilless bush 18 and a second oilless bush 19.
[0013]
The bit shaft case 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a flange at the front end, and the flange is attached to the second case cover 5 by a bolt 8b, and the cutter is inserted through a second oilless bush 19 fitted to the inner diameter. It is configured to support the rear end of the bit shaft 12. A bit shaft case cover 9 is attached to a rear end surface of the bit shaft case 8 with bolts 9b. The bit shaft case cover 9 positions the oilless bush 19 in the axial direction, and has a packing 23 and an O-ring 24 provided therein to block muddy water and soil, and further fixes the bit shaft fixing cover 10 with bolts 10b. I have.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5B and 5C, the bit shaft fixing cover 10 is formed in two parts, has a stepped disk shape, and has a square hole with a dead end inside and a dead end. 10a is provided. The square hole 10a is configured to fit with the square seat 12c of the cutter bit shaft 12. Slits 10c are provided at both ends in the radial direction of the bit shaft fixing cover 10. Then, the front and rear direction of the cutter bit shaft 12 is fixed, and the position in the rotation direction is fixed.
[0015]
An exchange method of the cutter bit exchange device 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to the above-mentioned drawings and FIGS. 9 to 11 showing the muddy water pressurized shield machine A1 and the cut-spoke A10.
[0016]
First, the worker AM enters the cut-spoke A10 (see FIG. 10), and referring to FIG. 1, (1) removes the bit shaft fixing cover 10 by loosening the bolt 10b. Next, (2) the cutter bit shaft 12 is pulled out rearward, that is, inward of the cut-spoke A10 (see FIG. 11). (3) When the cutter bit shaft 12 passes through the ball valve 7, the ball valve 7 is turned by 90 degrees to block intrusion of muddy water and soil through the hole through which the cutter bit shaft 12 has penetrated. Then, (4) the cutter bit shaft 12 is replaced with a new one, and (5) the steps (1) to (3) are reversed to restore the cutter bit exchange device 1 to the normal state (FIG. 1). At this time, the square seat 12c and the square hole 10a are fitted with care that the cutter bit portion 12a is at a predetermined position for rotation. This fitting prevents the bit shaft fixing cover 10 from shifting in the rotation direction of the cutter bit shaft 12 during the excavation operation.
[0017]
9 to 11 show how the worker AM replaces the double-row cutter bit shaft 12 of the muddy pressurized shield machine A1. Although not shown, the cutter bit shaft 12 is also used in the same manner in the case of the mud pressure shield machine. 12 can be replaced.
[0018]
FIGS. 6 and 8 show a cutter bit exchanging device B1 of a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention in which a cutter bit 12A and a cutter bit holding shaft 12B are detachably attached. A description will be given mainly of portions different from the first embodiment. For the same shape, functional member, and the like as those in the first embodiment, the names and reference numerals are used repeatedly.
[0019]
In FIG. 6, the cutter bit holding shaft 12B corresponds to the shaft portion 12b in the first embodiment (see FIG. 4), and the inside of the valve case 3, the ball valve 7, the second case cover 5, and the bit shaft case 8 is shown. And supported by a first oilless bush 18 and a second oilless bush 19. Muddy water and soil are blocked by the first case cover 4 and the bit shaft case cover 9. Further, the cutter bit holding shaft 12B is fixed at a predetermined position in the front-rear direction and the rotation direction by the bit shaft fixing cover 10, so that the rotation direction position of the cutter bit 12A is fixed at the predetermined position.
[0020]
The cutter bit 12A has a concave portion 12Ai formed at the back of the cutting edge and a convex portion 12Bo provided at the distal end of the cutter bit holding shaft 12B, and is detachably attached to the cutter bit holding shaft 12B by a bolt 12Ab. It is integrated and attached.
The rest of the cutter bit exchange device B1 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0021]
A method of replacing the cutter bit replacing device B1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to the above-described drawings and FIGS.
First, the worker AM enters the cut-spoke (see FIG. 10), and referring to FIG. 6, (1) removes the bit shaft fixing cover 10 by loosening the bolt 10b. Next, (2) the cutter bit holding shaft 12B integrated with the cutter bit 12A is pulled out rearward, that is, inside the cut-spoke A10 (see FIG. 11). (3) When the cutter bit holding shaft 12B passes through the valve 7, the ball valve 7 is turned by 90 degrees to block infiltration of muddy water and soil through the hole through which the cutter bit holding shaft 12B has penetrated. Next, (4) the worn cutter bit 12A is detached from the cutter bit holding shaft 12B and replaced with a new cutter bit 12A. (5) The above steps (1) to (3) are reversed to restore the cutter bit exchange device B1 to the normal state (FIG. 6). At this time, the square seat 12c and the square hole 10a are fitted with care that the cutter bit 12A is at a predetermined position in the rotation direction. This fitting prevents the bit shaft cover 10 from being displaced in the rotation direction of the cutter bit 12A during the excavation operation.
[0022]
The cutter bit changing device B1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention can be installed in a double row bit type of the mud pressurized shield machine A1 or a mud pressure type shield machine, and the cutter bit 12A can be replaced. is there.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
The effects of the present invention are listed below.
(1) According to the first embodiment of the cutter bit exchanging device of the shield machine according to the present invention, the operator removes the old cutter bit shaft worn inside the cut-spoke into the spoke and replaces it with the new cutter bit shaft. . When pulling out the old cutter bit shaft, turn the ball valve to shut off muddy water and soil. Therefore, the cutter bit can be safely and easily replaced without any special tool.
[0024]
(2) According to the second embodiment of the cutter bit exchanging device of the shield machine according to the present invention, the worker pulls out the old cutter bit worn in the cut-spoke together with the cutter bit holding shaft into the spoke and removes the old cutter bit. Replace with a cutter bit. When the cutter bit is pulled out together with the cutter bit holding shaft, the ball valve is turned to shut off muddy water and soil. Therefore, the cutter bit can be safely and easily replaced without any special tool. Further, since the cutter bit alone is small, the cost is low, and it is easy to carry in the new cutter bit into the cut-spoke and to carry out the old cutter bit in the replacement work, thereby improving workability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a first embodiment of a cutter bit exchanging device of a shield machine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view as viewed from an arrow A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view as seen from the back B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a cutter bit shaft used in FIG. 1;
5A is a rear view of FIG. 4 as viewed in the direction of arrow C, FIG. 5B is a front view of the bit shaft fixing cover of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5C is a side view thereof.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment of a cutter bit changing device of a shield machine according to another invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a view as seen from the back B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the shield machine showing a procedure for replacing a cutter bit in the shield machine.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the shield machine showing a procedure for replacing a cutter bit in the shield machine.
FIG. 11 is a cutaway spoke top view showing a procedure for replacing a cutter bit in the shield machine.
FIG. 12 is a side sectional view of a shield machine showing a conventional cutter bit replacement procedure.
FIG. 13 is a top view showing a conventional cutter bit replacement procedure.
[Explanation of symbols]
A1 Shield machine A10 Cut-spoke 1 Cutter bit changing device 3 Valve case 4 First case cover 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 10b Bolt 5 2 case cover 6 ··· valve chamber 7 ··· ball valve 7a ··· inner hole 8 ··· bit shaft case 9 ··· bit shaft case cover 10 ··· bit shaft fixing cover 12 ··· cutter bit shaft 12c ··· Square head 16 ··· Supporting member 18 ··· First oilless bush 19 ··· Second oilless bush 21 ··· Scrapers 22 and 23 ··· Packing 24 ··· O-ring

Claims (2)

A cutter bit exchanging device for exchanging a cutter bit mounted on a cut-spoke of a shield machine is provided with a stepped cylindrical valve case (3), and a cutter bit shaft ( A first oilless bush (18) for supporting the valve case (12) is fitted therein, and a first case cover (4) is detachably attached to an end thereof, and a large-diameter end of the valve case (3). A second case cover (5) is detachably attached to the portion, and a valve chamber (6) is formed by the inner diameter of the valve case (3) and the second case cover (5). A ball valve (7) is rotatably supported in (6), and a cutter bit shaft (12) having a cutter bit (12a) passes through an inner hole (7a) of the ball valve (7). The second case cover (5) has a second A bit shaft case (8) having a bush (19) and supporting one end of the cutter bit shaft (12) is provided, and a bit shaft case cover (9) is provided on a rear end face of the bit shaft case (8). ) Is provided with a bit shaft fixing cover (10) for fixing the mounting position of the cutter bit shaft (12) in the rotation direction to a predetermined position, and when the cutter bit shaft (12) is pulled out into the cut-spoke. A cutter bit exchanging device for a shield machine, wherein the ball valve (7) is configured to block a through hole of a valve case (3) through which the cutter bit shaft (12) penetrates. The cutter bit changing device for a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the cutter bit (12A) is detachably attached to the cutter bit shaft (12B).

Images