JP3555900B2 - Water surface diffusion type solid pesticide formulation - Google Patents

Water surface diffusion type solid pesticide formulation Download PDF

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JP3555900B2
JP3555900B2 JP23218993A JP23218993A JP3555900B2 JP 3555900 B2 JP3555900 B2 JP 3555900B2 JP 23218993 A JP23218993 A JP 23218993A JP 23218993 A JP23218993 A JP 23218993A JP 3555900 B2 JP3555900 B2 JP 3555900B2
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water
active ingredient
water surface
carrier
parts
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JPH0769803A (en
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巌 高橋
幹夫 関口
健 西谷
義美 矢島
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Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd
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Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は水面拡散型固形農薬製剤およびその包装体に関し、簡便に水田に処理するための薬剤を提供するものであり、重労働の水田の薬剤散布作業を軽減化するものである。具体的には活性成分に必要に応じて界面活性剤、有機溶剤等の補助剤を加えて液状にし、水溶性発泡担体に含浸せしめることを特徴とした農薬組成物に関し、その農薬組成物を水溶性または水解性フィルムに包装したものを、水田などの有害生物が生息する水系(以下、単に水系と記す)に投げ込むことにより、散布機を使用しないで薬剤処理ができ簡便に有害生物を防除できるものである。包装材は水に溶解または水解(水と接触すると溶解はしないがほぐれてバラバラになることを表す)するため、農薬活性成分が水面に展開、水中に乳化、水中に分散、および水中に溶解するため、活性成分を水田などの全面に効率良く行き渡らすことができる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
農薬製剤の製剤形態には、粒剤、乳剤、水和剤、粉剤などの多くの種類がある。その中で粒剤は特殊な散布器具を使用しないでも比較的簡単に散布ができ、粉剤や液剤散布のように飛散による周辺への影響が少なく、また効力面でも残効などが期待できることから急速に普及した。
従来、難水溶性農薬活性成分を含む水面施用粒剤は水系に施用された時、一旦水中に没し、土壌表面に到達した後、僅かずつ活性成分を水中に放出するか、或いはベントナイト、クレーなどの非水溶性ではあるが水に対して膨潤性、親和性を持つ担体と共に土壌表面に活性成分を拡散されるように作られていた。
そのため、活性成分の土壌吸着が大きく、水面や水上の農業上有害な生物を防除するためには必要以上の活性成分を投下しなければならず、また水深の影響も受けやすいことから改良の余地があった。
このような点から、従来より更に農薬活性成分を効率よく利用する目的で水面施用浮遊性農薬製剤の検討が進められてきた。
【0003】
例えば、(1)黒曜石などを発泡させたものや、軽石、焼成パーライトなどの水に浮く軽い担体に活性成分を保持せしめ必要に応じて高級脂肪酸などの撥水剤処理して粒剤自体を水に浮かせる方法(特公昭44−8600号、特公昭47−1240号、特公昭48−1179号、特公昭48−1182号、特公昭48−15612号、特開平5−58804号)、(2)比重1以下のプラスチック粒状物に活性成分を保持せしめ粒自体を水に浮かせる方法(特公昭45−9560号、特公昭48−1180号、特公昭49−24222号、特開昭55−139308号)、(3)固形沈降物質を核とし、その外表面にロウ状物質、プラスチック、無機発泡体などの水に浮く物質を活性成分と共に被覆して、水中で活性成分を浮遊担体とともに核から離脱して水面に浮かせる方法(特公昭48−15613、特公昭58−268882)、(4)粒剤の素材の一部に使用されているアルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩および固体酸が水中で反応して炭酸ガスを生じ、その力で粒状物が浮上して水面に活性成分を展開させる方法(特公昭47−27930号)、(5)水溶性担体、無機または有機のフィルム形成物質及び農薬活性成分を粒剤化したもの(特公昭63−30281号公報)などが開示されている。しかし、(1)の方法では粒剤を軽くしているため、粒剤の特徴である風に影響されないで簡便にしかも均一に散布ができるという長所が損なわれる。(2)の方法は担体自身がプラステックであるため高価であり、一般的に自然界で分解されにくい素材であるため、公害の心配もある。(3)の方法は上記の(1)、(2)の欠点を補うものではあるが、活性成分が浮遊するプラスチック、ロウ状物質、吸着性の無機発泡体などに取り込まれており、これら素材から活性成分の溶出が抑えられているため、水面に活性成分が十分に拡がりにくい欠点がある。(4)の方法は粒状物が一旦浮上して活性成分が水面に拡展するが、素材に鉱物質を使用するため、一部の活性成分は吸着したまま崩壊し再び沈降してしまうため、十分に活性成分を生かしきれない面がある。また、保存中に大気中の湿度により徐々に炭酸ガスを発生を発生してしまう心配や、固体酸と炭酸塩の使用が必須のため、化学的に酸性またはアルカリ性に不安定な活性成分は分解する心配がある。(5)の方法は(1)から(4)までの欠点を補うものであるが活性成分の高濃度粒剤化が難しいなど、それぞれの技術は問題点を抱えている。
【0004】
一方、最近になって水田の農薬散布の省力化の方法の一つとして、薬剤を畦畔から手で水系に投げ込み、田面水を利用して活性成分を水田全体に行き渡らせる方法が検討されている。例えば(6)固体酸と炭酸塩による発泡剤または発泡錠剤を使用する方法(特公昭47−27930、特公昭50−20128、特開昭59−219202、特開昭61−183219、特開平3−128301、特開平3−173802、特開平3−223203)、(7)水溶性の農薬原体の錠剤を使用する方法(特公昭52−48181)、(8)水溶性のフィルムで包装した製剤の包装体(特公昭42−5240、特開昭53−99327、特開平4−226901、特開平5−78204号、特開平5−78205号、特開平5−78207号、特開平5−58804号、特開平5−97604号)等数多く開示されている。(6)の方法では活性成分を水田で拡散させる方法としては良いが、長期保存中に大気中の湿気により徐々に炭酸ガスを発生してしまうことや、固体酸と炭酸塩の使用を必須としているために、化学的に酸性側やアルカリ性側で不安定な活性成分には応用しにくい等の欠点があり、長期的に保存することが難しい。(7)の方法では水溶性が高い活性成分に限られ、また水田の畦畔沿いからの投げ込み散布を行うと、水深が浅い場合に薬剤が投入時に土壌中に潜りこむ等の欠点がある。(8)の方法は水溶性フィルムの包装体の中に存在する空気を利用して、水に一旦浮き、土壌表面へ軟着陸するようにできるため、土壌中への潜りこみを防ぐことができるため実用性が高く、特開平5−78207で開示された技術によって既に上市されているものもある。しかし、開示技術では高濃度の活性成分を含む固形製剤の製造が難しいく、また、高濃度で安価な製剤を得るために乳剤の水溶性フィルムでの包装体も開示されているが、液状製剤が故に水溶性フィルムのピンホールやヒートシール部分等から漏れ易く、これを防ぐために二重フィルムにする必要があるがコスト高になる欠点がある。以上のように薬剤を水田に投げ込むことによる簡便処理法に付いては実用化されているものは少ないものの特許情報等はかなり以前から多数開示され、研究も盛んに行われているが、それぞれ一長一短があり、汎用的な技術になっていない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、一般的に水田の病害虫や雑草を防除する場合の農薬製剤の施用量は10a当たり3kgであったが、近年農業資材の低減化、あるいは農業従事者や流通従事者の労力低減などから、1kg施用への要望が高くなっている。そのため農薬製剤の活性成分の高濃度化が必須となり、難水溶性活性成分を含む農薬製剤を、水田に施用すると活性成分が水田全体に広がりにくいなどの問題点があった。また、従来から農薬製剤を水系へ散布する場合は一般的には散布機を使用するか手撒きで行ってきたが、現在広く使用されている散布者が背負ったり持ったりして散布する散布機は水田等に入って操作する必要があるため作業しにくく重労働であり、より簡便に散布できる製剤が望まれていた。また小型散布機にしても手撒きにしても散布者が薬剤に接触する機会が多いので、より簡便にかつ衛生的に処理でき、しかも前記の従来技術のような欠点のない薬剤が望まれてきた。本発明はこれらの要望に応えるためのものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは前記のような要望に答える技術を鋭意研究した結果、水田などの有害生物を防除するための活性成分を必要に応じて溶剤や界面活性剤などに溶解または分散させた油状液体を、でんぷん質物質の粉体を出発原料として発泡加工することにより得られた発泡担体に保持させた固体状の農薬製剤が高濃度の活性成分を含有でき、水面で溶解または水解し、活性成分を良く拡散させる製剤であることを見いだした。更に使用する油状液体と相溶性のない水溶性あるいは水解性フィルムでこれを包装した包装体を水田などの水系に直接投げ込むことにより、簡便でかつ衛生的に農薬製剤を処理する方法を見い出した。
【0007】
本発明の製剤は水系に散布すると活性成分を含んだ発泡担体が水面で水に溶けながらあるいは水で崩れながら活性成分を水面に展開または水中に分散あるいは乳化させて速やかに水面や水中に拡散させる性質がある。この製剤の水溶性または水解性フィルムによる包装体は水系に入れると、まず水溶性または水解性フィルムが水に溶解または水解し、中の製剤が水面および水中で上記のような拡散性の良いの挙動を示すようになっている。この性質により活性成分が水田全体に速やかに拡散するので水田内で局在化が起こりにくいため、水系に生存する各種有害生物(害虫、病害、雑草等)を防除する幅広い薬剤に適用できる。、その中でも局在化による薬害が発生しやすく、また、殺草スペクトラムを広くするために数種類の活性成分が使用され、高濃度の製剤が要望される除草剤には本発明の汎用性のある技術が特に好適である。また、本発明の包装体による薬剤処理は簡便であり、薬剤を直接手で触れないですむため衛生的でもある。
【0008】
以上に説明したように本発明の製剤は基本的には「農薬活性成分」と、その活性成分を液状にするための、または粘度を下げて発泡担体に吸着しやすくするための「溶剤」および液状にした農薬活性成分を担持するためのでんぷん質物質よりなる「発泡担体」とから構成される(但し、活性成分が低粘性液体の場合は必ずしも溶剤は使用しなくて良い)。これ以外に、水田などの水に拡散、分散、乳化、溶解しやすくするための界面活性剤、使用する活性成分を安定に保存するための安定剤等の補助剤が使用される場合がある。また、その包装体は本発明の水面拡散型固形製剤と水溶性または水解性フィルムより構成される。
【0009】
本発明の農薬製剤に使用する活性成分は、水面施用により有害生物を防除する活性のあるものなら何でもよく、例えば農業、園芸、水産等の分野や非耕地(雑草地、森林等)などの水が溜まっている場所に生息し、有用植物にあるいは人間や施設に害を及ぼす昆虫、雑草、病害を防除する活性を有するものであり、例えば以下のものが挙げられる。
(殺虫剤)
1−ナフチル−N−メチルカーバメート(NAC)、メタトリル−N−メチルカーバメート(MTMC)、
2−イソプロピルフェニル−N−メチルカーバメート(MIPC)、
2−セカンダリーブチルフェニル−N−メチルカーバメート(BPMC)、
3,4−キシリル−N−メチルカーバメート(MPMC)、
2,3−ジヒドロ−2,2−ジメチルベンゾフラン−7−イル(ジブチルアミノチオ)メチルカルバマート(カルボスルファン)、
O−n−ブチル−O’−(2,2−)ジメチル−2,3−ジヒドロベンゾフラン−7−イル)−N,N’−チオ−ジカルバマート(フラチオカルブ)、
(RS)α−シアノ−3−フェノキシベンジル=(RS)−2,2−1−(4−エトキシフェニル)シクロプロパンカルボキシラート(シクロプロトリン)、
【0010】
2−タ−シャリ−ブチルイミノ−3−イソプロピル−5−フェニル−3,4,5,6−テトラヒドロ−2H−1,3,5−チアジアジン−4−オン(ブプロフェジン)、
2−(4−エトキシフェニル)−2−メチルプロピル=3−フェノキシベンジルエーテル(エトフェンプロックス)、
O,O−ジメチル−O−(メチル−4−ニトロフェニル)チオフォスフェート(MEP)、
(2−イソプロピル−4−メチルピリミジル−6)−ジエチルチオフォスフェート(ダイアジノン)、
S,S’−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)トリメチレン]ビス−ベンゼンチオネート(ベンスルタップ)、
【0011】
(殺菌剤)
O,O−ジイソプロピル−S−ベンジルチオフォスフェート(IBP)、
3−アリルオキシ−1,2−ベンゾイソチアゾール−1,1−ジオキシド(プロペナゾール)、
O−エチル−S,S−ジフェニルジチオフォスフェート(EDDP)、
ジイソプロピル−1,3−ジチオラン−2−イリデン−マロネート(イソプロチオラン)、
3−イソプロポキシ−2−メチルベンズアニリド(メプロニル)、
(E,Z)−4,6−ジメチル−2−[1−(O−トリル)−1−エチリデン−ヒドラジノ]ピリミジン(メフェリムゾン)、
1−(4−クロロベンジル)−1−シクロペンチル−3−フェニル尿素(ペンシクロン)、
【0012】
(除草剤)
2−クロロ−2’,6’−ジエチル−N−(2−プロポキシエチル)アセトアニリド(プレチラクロール)、
αー(2ーナフトキシ)プロピオンアニリド(ナプロアニリド)、
2−メチルチオ−4,6−ビス(エチルアミノ)−S−トリアジン(シメトリン)、S−ターシャリーブチル−3−(2,4−ジクロロ−5−イソプロポキシフェニル)−1,3,4−オキサジアゾリン−2−オン(オキサジアゾン)、
S−(2−メチル−1−ピペリジル−カリボニルメチル−O,O−ジ−n−プロピルジチオホスフェート(ピペロホス)、
3−イソプロピル−2,1,3−ベンゾ−チアジアノン−(4)−2,2−ジオキシド(ベンタゾン)、
2−メチルチオ−4−エチルアミノ−6−(1,2−ジメチルプロピルアミノ)−s−トリアジン(ジメタメトリン)、
メチル=α−(4,6−ジメトキシピリミジン)−2−イルカルバモイル−0−トルアート(ベンスルフロンメチル)、
2−ベンゾチアゾール−2−イルオキシ−N−メチルアセトアニリド(メフェナセット)、
エチル=5−(4,6−ジメトキシピリミジン−2−イルカルバモイルスルファモイル)−1−メチルピラゾール−4−カルボキシラート(ピラゾスルフロンエチル)
【0013】
これらは、有機溶剤や必要に応じて界面活性剤、分解防止剤、無機質担体等とともに溶解あるいは分散させて液状とし、でんぷん質物質の発泡担体に保持させて水面拡散性固形農薬製剤にするが、上記活性成分に限定されるものでもない。また、本発明の農薬製剤の活性成分の量は、その活性成分の性能および物性によって配慮されなければならないが、好ましくは製剤全体に対し0.1〜90重量%程度が適当である。
【0014】
使用する溶剤は固体の活性成分を溶解または分散させたり、活性成分を含む油状液体の粘度を低下させたり、比重を下げたりすることに用いる。本発明の農薬製剤に活性成分の水面展開性を持たせ、水面に長く存在させるには、比重が1以下の高沸点溶剤が望ましいが、活性成分を水中に乳化や分散させる場合には比重は特に限定せず、活性成分の性質を考慮しながら界面活性剤も利用して望ましい油状液体の処方を組み立てる。具体的には例えばアジピン酸ジオクチル、アジピン酸ジイソデシル、アジピン酸ジイソノニル、フタル酸ジイソデシル、フタル酸ジラウリル、フタル酸ジイソノニル、リン酸トリブチル、リン酸トリ−2−エチルヘキシル等の主にプラスチックスの可塑剤として使用されるもの、脂肪族あるいは芳香族の石油系高沸点溶剤、アルキルベンゼン、メチルナフタレン等の合成化合物溶剤、フェニルプロピレングリコール、ブチルプロピレンジグリコールなどのグリコール類、各種動植物油等が挙げられ、これらを1種または2種以上使用するがこれらに限定されるものではなく、使用量も活性成分の物理性、防除効力等を考慮していかようにもでき、好ましくは製剤全体に対し90重量%以上であるが活性成分が低粘性液体の場合は敢えて使用しないでもよい。また、界面活性剤は活性成分を含む油状液体を水面に展開あるいは水中へ乳化や分散させる作用があるため、使用されるが、具体的には例えばポリオキシエチレンとポリオキシエチレンのブロックポリマー、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエステル、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレート、等の非イオン界面活性剤、ドデシルベンゼンスルフォン酸金属塩(Na塩、Ca塩等)、オレイン酸ナトリウム等の脂肪酸の金属塩、スルホコハク酸エステル等の陰イオン界面活性剤など数多くの種類の界面活性剤の中から1種あるいは2種以上を、使用する活性成分や溶剤に合わせて使用すれば良い。
【0015】
本発明に使用されるでんぷん質物質の発泡担体の素材としては、馬鈴薯、甘藷、トウモロコシ、小麦、タピオカ、パイナップル等の各種作物から製造されたでんぷん、アミロース、でんぷんのアルキレンオキシド変性物、でんぷんのプロピレンオキシド変性物、溶性でんぷん、馬鈴薯粉、甘藷粉、トウモロコシ粉、小麦粉、タピオカ粉等が挙げられるが、でんぷん質物質であればこれらに限定されるものではなく、これらを1種または2種以上使用することができる。その使用量は製剤全体に対して好ましくは10〜99.9%である。
【0016】
本発明に使用されるでんぷん質物質の発泡担体の製造方法はいろいろあるがいずれも粉体をその出発原料とし、基本的には水で練ってから熱をかけて発泡体にする。例えば小麦粉等は麩やパンの製造と同様の方法で発泡体を得ることができる。また、特開平2−298525に開示された発泡体を製剤の担体にしたとき、その製剤は水面での活性成分の展開性が良いことや活性成分を含有する油状液体の保持能力等が優れていることから特に好ましい。それはでんぷんが少なくとも45重量%(以下、%で表す)のアミロースを含有し、独立気泡性を有し、1.6〜80kg/mの嵩密度である発泡体であり、その中でも水溶性高分子を組み合わせたものが更に望ましい。この発泡体の製造方法の1例の概略を示すと、少なくとも45%のアミロースを含有するコーンスターチとポリビニルアルコールを混合し、水で練り、約200℃の高温で加熱しながら加圧押し出し機で成型するとともに水分を除去して発泡体を得ることにある。この方法で製造された発泡体にはエコ・フォーム(王子製袋(株))などが挙げられ、天然物由来の環境に優しい生分解性パッキング材として使用されている。本発明製剤の発泡担体には上記製造の発泡体を使用し、水系に処理したとき、浮遊し、でんぷん質物質の粒子間の結合がゆるみ1〜2日以内に溶解または水解するものが適しているが、更には数時間以内に溶解あるいは水解するものは望ましい。でんぷんの発泡体でも原材料を粉体から出発していないポップコーンやコメをそのまま熱をかけ圧力の変化によって発泡させたものは水面でなかなか崩れず、いつまでも活性成分を吸着したまま浮遊し、風などの影響で風下に集まってしまう欠点がある。また本発明製剤の発泡担体の嵩密度は300kg/m以下が好ましいが、特開平2−298525で開示されている1.6〜80kg/mの発泡体は特に好ましい。
【0017】
本発明の農薬製剤の製造方法はとくに限定はしないが、次の方法で簡単に製造できる。 液状の活性成分はそのままあるいは必要に応じて有機溶剤や界面活性剤等を混合して発泡担体に含浸または添加して吸着させる。 固体状の活性成分は有機溶剤に溶解または分散した後、必要に応じて界面活性剤などを添加し発泡担体に含浸または添加して吸着させる。
【0018】
使用できる水溶性フィルムは水に溶解し、一定の強度を持ち、活性成分を含有する油状液体を透過したり、溶けたりしないフィルムなら何でもよく、中に入れる水面拡散型固形製剤の性質に合わせて選択すれば良いが、一般的にはポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアクリル酸およびその塩、デンプン、ゼラチン等の1種または2種以上によってフィルム化したものから選択される。また、水溶性のフィルム形成物質を水によって繊維がほぐれやすい紙等の材質中に組み込んだ繊維状のフィルム(水解性フィルム)も本発明の包装体の包装材料となる。さらに、フィルムの厚さも水面展開性製剤の種類やフィルムの材質によって実用に供し得る範囲で選択され特に限定はされないが、例えば耐薬品性、強度、経済性等のよいポリビニルアルコールを使用する場合、厚さは5μm以上がよく、経済性や強度から10μm〜80μm程度がより望ましい。本発明の1個の包装体の重量は単位面積当りの投入薬量によって決まるが、一方で水系に投げ込みやすい量の範囲に設計する必要がある。即ち軽すぎても、重すぎても投げ込みにくいため、数グラムから1kg程度が適当である。また、軽すぎて投げ難かったり、投げ込んだ後、一旦包装体を水中に沈めてフィルムの溶解あるいは水解を早めたい場合は包装体の中に重い物をいれて調製することもできる。包装体の形状は投げやすい形にすべきであるが、同時に加工時の経済性も重視する必要があり、円筒、球形、角袋状等が好ましい。但し、これらの形状に限定されるわけではない。尚、水溶性フィルムは湿気に弱いのでこのような包装体は1個ずつあるいは数個まとめて更に防湿性の包材で包装したほうがよい。使用に際しては活性成分の防除効果に合わせて単位面積当たりに処理する薬量を決定し、また、その薬量の包装体の投げ込み個数は使用する水面展開性薬剤の水面展開能力に合わせて決定するが、通常の水面展開性を有する製剤であれば、10アール当たり40個以下で十分であり、この範囲であれば通常の散布に比較してかなり簡便な散布ができる。
【0019】
【実施例】
次に実施例と試験例の若干例を示すが、本発明はこれらのみに限定されるものではない。尚、「部」は重量部を、「%」は重量%を示す。
実施例1
シクロプロトリン 10 部
フタル酸ジイソデシル 43 部
オレイン酸メチル 15 部
リン酸トリブトキシエチルホスヘート 10 部
ニューカルゲン3429PB 2 部
を溶解し、水溶性発泡担体エコ・フォーム20部に含浸せしめ、シクロプロトリンの10%水面拡散型固形殺虫製剤を得た。
【0020】
実施例2
ダイアジノン 60.0 部
ニューカルゲン2720(竹本油脂(株)) 15.0 部
エポキシ化大豆油 5.0 部
を溶解し、水溶性発泡担体エコ・フォーム20部に含浸せしめ、ダイアジノンの60%水面拡散型固形殺虫製剤を得た。
【0021】
実施例3
シクロプロトリン 10 部
フタル酸ジイソデシル 43 部
オレイン酸メチル 15 部
リン酸トリブトキシエチルホスヘート 10 部
ニューカルゲン3429PB 2 部
を溶解し、水溶性発泡担体エコ・フォーム20部に含浸せしめ、シクロプロトリンの10%水面拡散型固形殺虫製剤を得た。この30gを厚さ0.04mmのハイセロンC−200(ポリビニルアルコ−ルフィルム;日合フィルム社製)で作成した5cm×7cmの角袋に入れ、ヒ−トシ−ルをして水田1ア−ル用のシクロプロトリンの殺虫剤包装体を得た。
【0022】
実施例4
ダイアジノン 60.0 部
ニュ−カルゲン2720(竹本油脂(株)) 15.0 部
エポキシ化大豆油 5.0 部
を溶解し、水溶性発泡担体エコ・フォーム20部に含浸せしめ、ダイアジノンの60%水面拡散型固形殺虫製剤を得た。この25gを実施例1と同様に厚さ0.04mmのハイセロンC−200の角袋に入れてヒ−トシ−ルをし、水田2ア−ル用のダイアジノンの殺虫剤包装体を得た。
【0023】
対照例1
キサンタンガム 0.5 部
ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム 1.0 部
塩化カリウム粉末 98.5 部
を均一に混合し、9部の水を加えて混練し、孔径0.9mmのスクリ−ンの押し出し造粒機にて造粒した後、乾燥して篩分し、12〜32メッシュの水面浮上性粒状担体を得た。この粒状物90部にシクロプロトリンの2部、フタル酸ジイソデシルの7.9部、ニューカルゲン3429PBの0.1部の混合物を吸着させてシクロプロトリン2%の水面浮上性粒状製剤を得、この150gを厚さ0.03mmのハイセロンC−200で作成した10cm×10cmの角袋にいれ、ヒ−トシ−ルをして水田1ア−ル用のシクロプロトリンの殺虫剤包装体を得た。
【0024】
対照例2
キサンタンガム 0.5 部
ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム 1.0 部
塩化カリウム粉末 98.5 部
を均一に混合し、9部の水を加えて混練し、孔径0.9mmのスクリ−ンの押し出し造粒機にて造粒した後、乾燥して篩分し、12〜32メッシュの水面浮上性粒状物を得た。この粒状物90部にダイアジノンの10部、ニューカルゲン3429PBの0.2部の混合物を吸着させてダイアジノン10%の水面浮上性粒状製剤を得、この150gを厚さ0.03mmのハイセロンC−200で作成した10cm×10cmの角袋にいれ、ヒ−トシ−ルをして水田1ア−ル用のダイアジノンの殺虫剤包装体を得た。
【0025】
対照例3
シクロサール2部をポリエチレン・ポリビニルアセテートコポリマー85部に含浸し、シクロサール2%の水面浮遊性製剤を得た、この150gを厚さ0.04mmのハイセロンC−200で作成した8cm×15cmの角袋に入れ、ヒ−トシ−ルをして水田1ア−ル用のシクロサールの殺虫剤包装体を得た。
【0026】
対照例4
ダイアジノン5部をポリエチレン・ポリビニルアセテートコポリマー85部に含浸し、ダイアジノン5%の水面浮遊性製剤を得た、この300gを厚さ0.04mmのハイセロンC−200で作成した8cm×15cmの角袋に入れ、ヒ−トシ−ルをして水田1ア−ル用のダイアジノンの殺虫剤包装体を得た。
【0027】
試験例1
ツマグロヨコバイ防除効果
実施例1〜4、対照例1〜4の製剤および包装体を1アールに仕切った水田に投入し、ツマグロヨコバイ成虫の生息数を調べ、防除効果を調査した。尚、散布剤は全体に散布し、包装体はほゞ中央に投入した。
調査方法;
薬剤投入前および投入1日後、3日後、7日後に100株当たりに生息するツグロヨコバイの成虫数を数え、防除効果を調査した。試験結果を表1に示す。
【0028】
【表1】

Figure 0003555900
考察:活性成分量はシクロプロトリンが3g/a、ダイアジノンが15g/aであり、実施例はいずれも対照例2,4に比較して効力が勝った。対照例1,3は実施例と同様の優れた効力が認められたが吸油能力があまりないため、実施例のような高濃度の製剤ができなかった。
【0029】
試験例2
水面展開性試験
試験例1の薬剤処理6時間後に水田の対角線上の4当分点の3箇所の水面に直径11cmのロ紙(95cm2 )を静かに浮かべてロ紙に付着した活性成分をアセトンで抽出して液体クロマトグラフィーで定量分析した。試験結果を表2に示す
【0030】
【表2】
Figure 0003555900
考察:いずれの実施例も対照例より水面展開量が多く、場所による偏りはなかった。また、実施例は水面で一旦水を含んで浮遊した後、速やかにバラバラに散り、肉眼では発泡担体の痕跡が見られなくなり、油状被膜のみが水面を覆ったが、対照例は水面に浮遊したままで水面の油膜は僅かしか見られなかった。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、対照例に比較してイネミズゾウムシ成虫に対する効力はいずれの実施例でも良く、また水面展開量も多く、特に実施例1、実施例3ではより顕著であり、かつ水面全体に拡散していた。実施例の包装体は水田に入って時間をかけて散布する必要がなく、また、直接薬剤に手を触れることなく簡便にかつ衛生的に処理できた。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a water-diffusion type solid pesticide formulation and a package thereof, which provides a drug for easily treating paddy fields, and reduces the labor of spraying drugs in paddy fields due to heavy labor. Specifically, a surfactant is added to the active ingredient, if necessary, with an auxiliary agent such as an organic solvent to form a liquid, and the pesticide composition is characterized by being impregnated into a water-soluble foaming carrier. By throwing into a water system (hereinafter simply referred to as water system) where pests inhabit, such as paddy fields, can be treated with a chemical without using a sprayer and can be controlled easily. Things. Because the packaging material dissolves or dissolves in water (indicates that it does not dissolve but breaks apart when in contact with water), the pesticidal active ingredient spreads on the water surface, emulsifies in water, disperses in water, and dissolves in water Therefore, the active ingredient can be efficiently spread over the entire surface of a paddy field or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are many types of pesticide formulations such as granules, emulsions, wettable powders, and powders. Among them, granules can be sprayed relatively easily without using special spraying equipment, and because there is little effect on the surroundings due to scattering like dusting or liquid spraying, and since the effect can be expected to have residual effects, it is rapid. Popularized.
Conventionally, a water-applied granule containing a poorly water-soluble pesticidal active ingredient, when applied to an aqueous system, once submerges in water and, after reaching the soil surface, releases the active ingredient little by little into the water or bentonite or clay. The active ingredient was made to be diffused to the soil surface together with a water-insoluble but water-swellable and compatible carrier for water.
As a result, the active ingredient has high soil adsorption, and it is necessary to drop more active ingredient than necessary to control agriculturally harmful organisms on the water surface and on the water, and there is room for improvement because it is easily affected by water depth. was there.
From such a point, the study of floating pesticide preparations to be applied to the water surface has been promoted for the purpose of using pesticidal active ingredients more efficiently.
[0003]
For example, (1) foaming obsidian, or a light carrier such as pumice or calcined perlite, which holds the active ingredient, and if necessary, treats the granules themselves with a water repellent such as a higher fatty acid to obtain a water-repellent agent. (JP-B-44-8600, JP-B-47-1240, JP-B-48-1179, JP-B-48-1182, JP-B-48-15612, JP-A-5-58804), (2) A method in which the active ingredient is retained on plastic granules having a specific gravity of 1 or less and the granules themselves are floated on water (Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 45-9560, 48-1180, 49-24222, and 55-139308). , (3) a solid sediment substance as a nucleus, the outer surface of which is coated with a substance floating in water, such as a waxy substance, plastic, or inorganic foam, together with the active ingredient, and the active ingredient in water together with a floating carrier. (JP-B-48-15613, JP-B-58-268882), (4) The alkaline earth metal carbonate and solid acid used as a part of the material of the granules are dissolved in water. A method in which carbon dioxide gas is generated by the reaction, and a granular substance floats by the force to spread the active ingredient on the water surface (Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-27930). (5) Water-soluble carrier, inorganic or organic film-forming substance, and agricultural chemical A granulated active ingredient (JP-B-63-30281) is disclosed. However, in the method (1), since the granules are lightened, the advantage that the granules can be easily and uniformly sprayed without being affected by the wind, which is a feature of the granules, is impaired. The method (2) is expensive because the carrier itself is made of plastic and is generally a material that is hardly decomposed in the natural world. The method (3) compensates for the drawbacks of the above (1) and (2), but the active ingredient is incorporated into floating plastics, waxy substances, adsorptive inorganic foams and the like. Since the elution of the active ingredient is suppressed, there is a disadvantage that the active ingredient is difficult to sufficiently spread on the water surface. According to the method (4), the granular material once floats and the active ingredient spreads on the water surface. However, since mineral substances are used as the raw material, some of the active ingredient is disintegrated while adsorbed and sedimented again. There are aspects that cannot fully utilize active ingredients. Also, there is concern that the humidity in the atmosphere will gradually generate carbon dioxide gas during storage, and the use of solid acids and carbonates is essential, so active ingredients that are chemically acidic or alkaline are decomposed. I have to worry. The method (5) compensates for the disadvantages (1) to (4), but each technique has problems, such as difficulty in making active ingredients into high concentration granules.
[0004]
On the other hand, recently, as one of the labor-saving methods of spraying pesticides in paddy fields, a method of throwing chemicals into the water system by hand from the ridge and using the surface water to spread the active ingredient throughout the paddy field has been studied. I have. For example, (6) a method using an effervescent agent or an effervescent tablet with a solid acid and a carbonate (Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 47-27930, 50-20128, 59-219202, 61-183219, 61-183219, and 3-3-1) 128301, JP-A-3-173802, JP-A-3-223203), (7) a method of using a tablet of a water-soluble pesticide drug substance (JP-B-52-48181), and (8) a method of preparing a preparation packaged with a water-soluble film. Packaging (JP-B-42-5240, JP-A-53-99327, JP-A-4-226901, JP-A-5-78204, JP-A-5-78205, JP-A-5-78207, JP-A-5-58804, Many are disclosed, for example, in JP-A-5-97604. The method of (6) is good as a method of diffusing an active ingredient in a paddy field, but it is necessary to gradually generate carbon dioxide gas due to the moisture in the air during long-term storage and to use solid acids and carbonates. Therefore, the active ingredient which is chemically unstable on the acidic side or the alkaline side has drawbacks such as difficulty in application, and is difficult to store for a long time. The method (7) is limited to the active ingredient having high water solubility, and when it is thrown and sprayed along the levee of a paddy field, there is a drawback such that the drug gets into the soil at the time of injection when the water depth is shallow. The method (8) utilizes air present in the package of the water-soluble film, so that it can be once floated on water and softly landed on the soil surface, so that it can be prevented from sinking into the soil. Some are highly practical and have already been put on the market by the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-78207. However, in the disclosed technology, it is difficult to produce a solid preparation containing a high concentration of the active ingredient, and in order to obtain a high-concentration and inexpensive preparation, a package of an emulsion in a water-soluble film is also disclosed. For this reason, the water-soluble film easily leaks from pinholes or heat-sealed portions, and it is necessary to use a double film to prevent this. As mentioned above, the simple treatment method by throwing a drug into a paddy field has not been put into practical use, but a large number of patent information and the like have been disclosed for a long time, and research has been actively conducted. There is no general-purpose technology.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, the application rate of a pesticide formulation for controlling pests and weeds in paddy fields has generally been 3 kg per 10 a. However, in recent years, due to a reduction in agricultural materials or a reduction in the labor of agricultural and distribution workers, The demand for 1 kg application is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the concentration of the active ingredient in the agricultural chemical formulation, and there is a problem that when the agricultural chemical formulation containing the poorly water-soluble active ingredient is applied to a paddy field, it is difficult for the active ingredient to spread throughout the paddy field. In the past, when spraying pesticide formulations into aqueous systems, sprayers were generally used or hand-sprayed, but sprayers that are widely used today are sprayed by carrying or holding them. Since it is necessary to operate in a paddy field or the like, it is difficult to work and heavy labor, and a formulation that can be more easily sprayed has been desired. In addition, since there are many opportunities for the sprayer to come into contact with the medicine, whether it is a small sprayer or a manual sprayer, a medicine that can be treated more easily and sanitarily and that does not have the drawbacks as in the above-mentioned prior art has been desired. Was. The present invention addresses these needs.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on technologies that respond to the above demands, and as a result, an oily liquid in which an active ingredient for controlling pests such as paddy fields is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent or a surfactant as necessary. The solid pesticide formulation held in a foamed carrier obtained by foaming a starch material powder as a starting material can contain a high concentration of the active ingredient, dissolve or hydrolyze on the water surface, and the active ingredient Was found to be a formulation that spreads well. Furthermore, the present inventors have found a simple and sanitary method for treating an agricultural chemical formulation by directly throwing a package, which is packaged with a water-soluble or water-disintegrable film incompatible with an oily liquid to be used, into a water system such as a paddy field.
[0007]
When the formulation of the present invention is sprayed on an aqueous system, the active ingredient is spread on the water surface or dispersed or emulsified in the water while the foamed carrier containing the active ingredient dissolves in the water or disintegrates with the water, and rapidly diffuses into the water or the water. There is nature. When the package of this formulation with a water-soluble or water-disintegrable film is put into an aqueous system, first, the water-soluble or water-disintegrable film dissolves or hydrolyzes in water, and the formulation inside has good diffusibility as described above on the water surface and water. It shows behavior. Due to this property, the active ingredient is quickly diffused throughout the paddy field, so that localization hardly occurs in the paddy field, so that the present invention can be applied to a wide range of chemicals for controlling various pests (pests, diseases, weeds, etc.) living in water systems. Among them, phytotoxicity due to localization is easy to occur, and several kinds of active ingredients are used to broaden the herbicidal spectrum, and a herbicide requiring a high-concentration formulation has the versatility of the present invention. Techniques are particularly preferred. In addition, drug treatment by the package of the present invention is simple and sanitary because the drug does not need to be touched directly by hand.
[0008]
As described above, the formulation of the present invention basically comprises an `` agrochemical active ingredient '' and a `` solvent '' for making the active ingredient a liquid or for lowering the viscosity and making it easier to adsorb to the foamed carrier. And a "foaming carrier" made of a starchy substance for supporting the liquefied agricultural chemical active ingredient (however, when the active ingredient is a low-viscosity liquid, a solvent is not necessarily used). In addition, auxiliary agents such as a surfactant for facilitating diffusion, dispersion, emulsification, and dissolution in water such as a paddy field and a stabilizer for stably storing an active ingredient to be used may be used. The package is composed of the water surface diffusion type solid preparation of the present invention and a water-soluble or water-disintegrable film.
[0009]
The active ingredient used in the pesticide preparation of the present invention may be any active ingredient that can control pests by applying it to the surface of the water, such as water used in fields such as agriculture, horticulture, fisheries, and non-cultivated land (weed land, forest, etc.). It has an activity of controlling insects, weeds, and diseases that inhabit the place where stagnation accumulates and harm useful plants or humans or facilities, and examples thereof include the following.
(Insecticide)
1-naphthyl-N-methyl carbamate (NAC), metatolyl-N-methyl carbamate (MTMC),
2-isopropylphenyl-N-methyl carbamate (MIPC),
2-secondary butylphenyl-N-methylcarbamate (BPMC),
3,4-xylyl-N-methyl carbamate (MPMC),
2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl (dibutylaminothio) methylcarbamate (carbosulfan),
On-butyl-O '-(2,2-) dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl) -N, N'-thio-dicarbamate (furathiocarb),
(RS) α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl = (RS) -2,2-1- (4-ethoxyphenyl) cyclopropanecarboxylate (cycloprothrin),
[0010]
2-tert-butylimino-3-isopropyl-5-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazin-4-one (buprofezin),
2- (4-ethoxyphenyl) -2-methylpropyl = 3-phenoxybenzyl ether (ethofenprox),
O, O-dimethyl-O- (methyl-4-nitrophenyl) thiophosphate (MEP),
(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl-6) -diethylthiophosphate (diazinone),
S, S '-[2- (dimethylamino) trimethylene] bis-benzenethionate (bensultap),
[0011]
(Fungicide)
O, O-diisopropyl-S-benzylthiophosphate (IBP),
3-allyloxy-1,2-benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide (propenazole),
O-ethyl-S, S-diphenyldithiophosphate (EDDP),
Diisopropyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene-malonate (isoprothiolane),
3-isopropoxy-2-methylbenzanilide (mepronil),
(E, Z) -4,6-dimethyl-2- [1- (O-tolyl) -1-ethylidene-hydrazino] pyrimidine (meferimzone);
1- (4-chlorobenzyl) -1-cyclopentyl-3-phenylurea (pencyclone),
[0012]
(Herbicide)
2-chloro-2 ', 6'-diethyl-N- (2-propoxyethyl) acetanilide (pretilachlor),
α- (2 naphthoxy) propionanilide (naproanilide),
2-methylthio-4,6-bis (ethylamino) -S-triazine (simethrin), S-tert-butyl-3- (2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl) -1,3,4-oxa Diazolin-2-one (oxadiazon),
S- (2-methyl-1-piperidyl-carbonylmethyl-O, O-di-n-propyldithiophosphate (piperophos),
3-isopropyl-2,1,3-benzo-thiadianone- (4) -2,2-dioxide (bentazone),
2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6- (1,2-dimethylpropylamino) -s-triazine (dimetamethrin),
Methyl = α- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin) -2-ylcarbamoyl-0-toluate (bensulfuronmethyl),
2-benzothiazol-2-yloxy-N-methylacetanilide (mefenacet),
Ethyl = 5- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) -1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate (pyrazosulfuronethyl)
[0013]
These are dissolved or dispersed together with an organic solvent and, if necessary, a surfactant, an anti-decomposition agent, an inorganic carrier, and the like to be in a liquid form, and are held in a foaming carrier of a starch substance to form a water surface diffusible solid pesticide formulation. It is not limited to the above active ingredients. The amount of the active ingredient in the agricultural chemical preparation of the present invention must be taken into consideration depending on the performance and physical properties of the active ingredient, but is preferably about 0.1 to 90% by weight based on the whole preparation.
[0014]
The solvent used is used for dissolving or dispersing the solid active ingredient, reducing the viscosity of the oily liquid containing the active ingredient, and lowering the specific gravity. A high boiling solvent having a specific gravity of 1 or less is desirable in order to provide the pesticide formulation of the present invention with the water-developability of the active ingredient and make it exist on the water surface for a long time. Without limitation, a surfactant is used to assemble the desired oily liquid formulation taking into account the nature of the active ingredient. Specifically, for example, as a plasticizer mainly for plastics such as dioctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, diisodecyl phthalate, dilauryl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, tributyl phosphate, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, and the like. Examples include those used, aliphatic or aromatic petroleum-based high-boiling solvents, synthetic solvents such as alkylbenzene and methylnaphthalene, glycols such as phenylpropylene glycol and butylpropylene diglycol, and various animal and vegetable oils. One or two or more of them are used, but are not limited to these. The amount used can be any considering the physical properties of the active ingredient, the controlling effect, etc., and is preferably 90% by weight or more based on the whole preparation. However, if the active ingredient is a low viscous liquid, dare to use it. Idemo good. Surfactants are used because they have the effect of spreading an oily liquid containing an active ingredient on the surface of a water or emulsifying or dispersing the same in water. Specifically, for example, a block polymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxyethylene, Nonionic surfactants such as oxyethylene octyl ether, polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ester, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, metal salts of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (Na salt, Ca salt) Salts), metal salts of fatty acids such as sodium oleate, anionic surfactants such as sulfosuccinates, and the like. It should be used together.
[0015]
Examples of the raw material of the foamed carrier of the starchy substance used in the present invention include starch, amylose, modified alkylene oxide of starch, propylene of starch, and starch produced from various crops such as potato, sweet potato, corn, wheat, tapioca, and pineapple. Oxide-modified products, soluble starch, potato flour, sweet potato flour, corn flour, wheat flour, tapioca flour, etc., are not limited to these as long as they are starchy substances, and one or more of these may be used. can do. The amount used is preferably 10 to 99.9% based on the whole preparation.
[0016]
There are various methods for producing a foamed carrier of a starchy substance used in the present invention, but in any case, powder is used as a starting material and basically kneaded with water and then heated to form a foam. For example, a foam can be obtained from wheat flour or the like in the same manner as in the production of fu or bread. In addition, when the foam disclosed in JP-A-2-298525 is used as a carrier for the preparation, the preparation has excellent spreadability of the active ingredient on the water surface and excellent ability to retain an oily liquid containing the active ingredient. Is particularly preferred. It has a starch content of at least 45% by weight (hereinafter expressed in%) of amylose, has a closed cell property and is 1.6 to 80 kg / m2. 3 It is a foam having a bulk density of, and among them, a combination of a water-soluble polymer is more desirable. An outline of one example of a method for producing this foam is as follows: corn starch containing at least 45% amylose and polyvinyl alcohol are mixed, kneaded with water, and molded by a pressure extruder while heating at a high temperature of about 200 ° C. To obtain a foam by removing moisture. The foam produced by this method includes Eco Foam (Oji Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) and the like, and is used as an environmentally friendly biodegradable packing material derived from natural products. The foamed carrier of the preparation of the present invention uses the foam of the above-mentioned production and, when treated in an aqueous system, floats, loosens the bond between the particles of the starchy substance, and dissolves or hydrolyzes within 1 to 2 days. However, those that dissolve or hydrolyze within several hours are desirable. Even starch foam, which is made by popping popcorn or rice, which does not start from raw materials as raw materials, and which is foamed by applying heat as it is, does not easily collapse on the surface of the water, floats while adsorbing active ingredients forever, such as wind There is a drawback that it gathers downwind due to the influence. The bulk density of the foamed carrier of the preparation of the present invention is 300 kg / m 3 The following is preferred, but 1.6 to 80 kg / m disclosed in JP-A-2-298525. 3 Is particularly preferred.
[0017]
Although the method for producing the pesticide preparation of the present invention is not particularly limited, it can be easily produced by the following method. The liquid active ingredient is adsorbed by impregnating or adding to the foamed carrier as it is or, if necessary, by mixing an organic solvent or a surfactant. After the solid active ingredient is dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent, a surfactant or the like is added as necessary, and the active ingredient is impregnated or added to the foamed carrier and adsorbed.
[0018]
Any water-soluble film that can be used is soluble in water, has a certain strength, does not penetrate or dissolve oily liquids containing active ingredients, and can be any film. It may be selected, but it is generally selected from those formed into a film with one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid and salts thereof, starch, gelatin and the like. In addition, a fibrous film (water-disintegrable film) in which a water-soluble film-forming substance is incorporated in a material such as paper whose fibers are easily loosened by water is also a packaging material of the package of the present invention. Furthermore, the thickness of the film is also not particularly limited and selected within a range that can be practically used depending on the type of the water-developable preparation and the material of the film, but, for example, chemical resistance, strength, when using a good polyvinyl alcohol such as economical, The thickness is preferably 5 μm or more, and more preferably about 10 μm to 80 μm from the viewpoint of economy and strength. The weight of a single package of the present invention is determined by the amount of the charged medicine per unit area, but it is necessary to design the package so that it can be easily thrown into a water system. That is, since it is difficult to throw too light or too heavy, about several grams to about 1 kg is appropriate. If it is too light to throw or it is difficult to throw, or if it is desired to submerge the package once in water to dissolve or dissolve the film faster, a heavy object can be placed in the package to prepare the film. The shape of the package should be easy to throw, but at the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to economical efficiency at the time of processing, and a cylinder, a sphere, a square bag, etc. are preferable. However, it is not limited to these shapes. Since the water-soluble film is vulnerable to moisture, it is better to package such a package one by one or several at a time with a moisture-proof packaging material. At the time of use, the amount of drug to be treated per unit area is determined according to the controlling effect of the active ingredient, and the number of packages thrown at the dose is determined according to the water surface spreading ability of the water surface developing agent to be used. However, in the case of a preparation having normal water surface spreadability, 40 or less per 10 ares is sufficient, and within this range, spraying can be performed much more easily than normal spraying.
[0019]
【Example】
Next, some examples and test examples will be described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, "part" shows a weight part and "%" shows a weight%.
Example 1
Cycloprothrin 10 parts
Diisodecyl phthalate 43 parts
Methyl oleate 15 parts
Tributoxyethyl phosphate 10 parts
New Calgen 3429PB 2 copies
Was dissolved and impregnated into 20 parts of a water-soluble foaming carrier Eco-Foam to obtain a 10% water surface diffusion type solid insecticide formulation of cycloprothrin.
[0020]
Example 2
Diazinon 60.0 parts
New Calgen 2720 (Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) 15.0 parts
Epoxidized soybean oil 5.0 parts
Was dissolved and impregnated into 20 parts of a water-soluble foaming carrier Eco Foam to obtain a diazinon 60% water surface diffusion type solid insecticide preparation.
[0021]
Example 3
Cycloprothrin 10 parts
Diisodecyl phthalate 43 parts
Methyl oleate 15 parts
Tributoxyethyl phosphate 10 parts
New Calgen 3429PB 2 copies
Was dissolved and impregnated into 20 parts of a water-soluble foaming carrier Eco-Foam to obtain a 10% water surface diffusion type solid insecticide formulation of cycloprothrin. 30 g of this 30 g was placed in a 5 cm × 7 cm square bag made of Hi-Selon C-200 (polyvinyl alcohol film; manufactured by Nichigo Film Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 0.04 mm, heat sealed, and paddy field 1 al. Cycloprothrin insecticide package was obtained.
[0022]
Example 4
Diazinon 60.0 parts
New Calgen 2720 (Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) 15.0 parts
Epoxidized soybean oil 5.0 parts
Was dissolved and impregnated into 20 parts of a water-soluble foaming carrier Eco Foam to obtain a diazinon 60% water surface diffusion type solid insecticide preparation. In the same manner as in Example 1, 25 g of this was put into a 0.04 mm thick Hythelon C-200 square bag and heat-sealed to obtain a diazinon insecticide package for paddy field 2 al.
[0023]
Comparative Example 1
Xanthan gum 0.5 parts
Sodium polyacrylate 1.0 part
98.5 parts of potassium chloride powder
Are uniformly mixed, kneaded by adding 9 parts of water, granulated by a screen extrusion granulator having a hole diameter of 0.9 mm, dried, sieved, and floated to a water surface of 12 to 32 mesh. A granular carrier was obtained. A mixture of 2 parts of cycloprothrin, 7.9 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, and 0.1 part of Newcargen 3429PB was adsorbed on 90 parts of the granules to obtain a water-surfacing granular preparation of 2% cycloprothrin, 150 g of this was placed in a 10 cm × 10 cm square bag made of Hi-Selon C-200 having a thickness of 0.03 mm, and heat-sealed to obtain a cycloprothrin insecticide package for 1 al paddy field. Was.
[0024]
Control Example 2
Xanthan gum 0.5 parts
Sodium polyacrylate 1.0 part
98.5 parts of potassium chloride powder
Are uniformly mixed, 9 parts of water is added and kneaded, and the mixture is granulated by a screen extrusion granulator having a pore size of 0.9 mm, dried, sieved, and floated to a water surface of 12 to 32 mesh. A granular product was obtained. A mixture of 10 parts of diazinon and 0.2 parts of Newcargen 3429PB was adsorbed on 90 parts of the granular material to obtain a 10% diazinon granular preparation having a water-floating surface. The resultant was placed in a 10 cm × 10 cm square bag prepared in the above, and heat sealed to obtain a diazinon insecticide package for 1 al of paddy fields.
[0025]
Control Example 3
85 parts of polyethylene / polyvinyl acetate copolymer was impregnated with 2 parts of cyclosale to obtain a 2% cyclosal water-floating preparation. 150 g of this was placed in an 8 cm × 15 cm square bag made of Hysteron C-200 having a thickness of 0.04 mm. It was heat-sealed to obtain a cyclosale insecticide package for 1 al of paddy fields.
[0026]
Control Example 4
5 parts of diazinon was impregnated with 85 parts of polyethylene / polyvinyl acetate copolymer to obtain a 5% diazinon water-floating preparation. 300 g of this was placed in an 8 cm × 15 cm square bag made of Hysteron C-200 having a thickness of 0.04 mm. It was heat-sealed to obtain a diazinon insecticide package for 1 al paddy field.
[0027]
Test example 1
Black leafhopper control effect
The preparations and packages of Examples 1 to 4 and Control Examples 1 to 4 were put into paddy fields divided into 1 are, and the number of adults of the black leafhopper, adult, was examined, and the control effect was examined. Note that the spraying agent was sprayed on the whole, and the package was placed almost at the center.
Survey method;
The number of adults of the leafhopper leafhopper that inhabits per 100 strains was counted before and 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after the introduction of the drug, and the control effect was examined. Table 1 shows the test results.
[0028]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003555900
Consideration: The amount of the active ingredient was 3 g / a for cycloprothrin and 15 g / a for diazinon, and all of the examples were more effective than the control examples 2 and 4. In Comparative Examples 1 and 3, the same excellent effects as in the Examples were recognized, but the oil absorption ability was not so high, so that a high concentration preparation as in the Examples could not be obtained.
[0029]
Test example 2
Water surface spreadability test
Six hours after the chemical treatment in Test Example 1, 11 cm-diameter paper (95 cm2) was floated gently on the three water surfaces at four equidistant points on the diagonal of the paddy field, and the active component attached to the paper was extracted with acetone to obtain a liquid. Quantitative analysis was performed by chromatography. Table 2 shows the test results.
[0030]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003555900
Consideration: In each of the examples, the water surface spread amount was larger than that of the control example, and there was no deviation depending on the place. In addition, in the example, after once containing water on the water surface, it was scattered promptly after scattering, the traces of the foaming carrier disappeared with the naked eye, and only the oily film covered the water surface, but the control example floated on the water surface. As it was, only a few oil films on the water surface were seen.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, as compared with the control example, the efficacy against the adult water weevil may be any of the examples and the amount of spreading on the water surface is large. In particular, it is more remarkable in the examples 1 and 3, and spreads over the entire water surface. Was. The package of the example did not need to be spread over a long time after entering the paddy field, and could be simply and sanitarily treated without directly touching the medicine.

Claims (3)

でんぷん質物質の粉体を出発原料として発泡加工することにより得られた担体(以下、発泡担体と記す)に農薬活性成分を含有せしめることを特徴とする水面拡散型固形農薬製剤A water-diffusion-type solid pesticidal preparation characterized by incorporating a pesticide active ingredient into a carrier (hereinafter referred to as a foamed carrier) obtained by subjecting a powder of a starchy substance to a foaming process as a starting material. でんぷんが少なくとも45重量%のアミロースを含有する発泡担体が独立気泡性を有し、1.6〜80kg/mの嵩密度である請求項1の水面拡散型固形農薬製剤Starch has a foam carrier closed cell containing at least 45 wt% amylose, water diffusion type solid pesticidal formulation according to claim 1 which is a bulk density of 1.6~80kg / m 3 請求項1,請求項2の水面拡散型固形農薬製剤を水溶性または水解性フィルムで包装した水面施用用農薬包装体A pesticide package for water application, wherein the water-diffusion-type solid pesticide preparation according to claim 1 is packaged with a water-soluble or water-disintegrable film.
JP23218993A 1993-08-26 1993-08-26 Water surface diffusion type solid pesticide formulation Expired - Fee Related JP3555900B2 (en)

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WO1995031899A1 (en) * 1994-05-24 1995-11-30 Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. Pesticide composition, pesticidal preparation, and production process
JP3504355B2 (en) * 1994-12-06 2004-03-08 松下電器産業株式会社 Processor
KR100787842B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2007-12-27 상꾜 아그로 가부시키가이샤 Biodegradable foam having high oil-absorbing ability and floating on water surface, process for producing the same, and composition containing the same

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