JP3554410B2 - Discharge amount adjustment device for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth removal amount adjusting device for a shield machine that excavates upward.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Because in recent years, in application of the vertical shaft connecting the ground and underground tunnels, construction method for upward excavation of the shield machine from the underground tunnels have been proposed, according to this, that do not require construction land on the ground, Particularly, there is an advantage that construction is possible even when it is difficult to secure land in an urban area.
[0003]
FIG. 7 shows an example of an upward shield excavator , in which a is a cutter, b is a casing, and c is a segment. The earth and sand excavated by the cutter a is collected in a funnel-shaped chamber d and discharged downward through an earth discharging pipe e provided at the center. In the discharge pipe e, the ribbon screw f is driven by the motor g to rotate, and the earth and sand in the chamber d is transferred downward by the rotation and gravity, and then falls through the cylindrical reaction force casing h. The reaction force casing h discharges earth and sand, and at the same time, receives the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack i to enable propulsion. The lower end of the reaction force casing h is supported on a gantry in the underground tunnel. When the upward excavation is completed for a predetermined distance, the reaction force casing h is extended, and the segment c is assembled by the erector j.
[0004]
The discharge pipe e is provided with a gear mechanism k for transmitting the driving force of the motor g to the ribbon screw f. A gate valve 1 is provided below the gear mechanism k for adjusting the amount of soil discharged through the earth discharging pipe e. In the gate valve 1, a plate-shaped valve element is slid so as to partition the inside of the discharge pipe e, whereby the inside of the discharge pipe e is opened and closed, and the amount of earth and sand sent from the ribbon screw f is appropriately adjusted. Only the reaction force casing h.
[0005]
Further, as such an earth removal amount adjusting apparatus, there is an apparatus using a ball valve in addition to the gate valve l.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of upward shield machine, for drilling soil is discharged in the direction of gravity, easy blockage in the discharge drainpipe e is generated by the action of soil pressure. For this reason, it is desirable to dispose the earth discharging amount adjusting device such as the gate valve 1 as close as possible to the chamber d, that is, as high as possible. However, the ribbon screw f is inserted into the earth discharging pipe e, and the gate valve l Because of the configuration in which the valve element partitions the inside of the discharge pipe e, the gate valve l must be arranged at the lower part of the gear mechanism k without the ribbon screw f.
[0007]
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that can be installed in the vicinity of a chamber and that can prevent obstruction of earth and sand in a discharge pipe beforehand. An object of the present invention is to provide a soil volume adjusting device.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 is an earth removal amount adjusting device for a shield machine which excavates upward, comprising: an earth discharging pipe for discharging the excavated earth and sand downward; and transfer means for transferring the sediment appropriate within drainpipe, provided in the exhaust drainpipe, and the elastic membrane for opening and closing the dumping passage between said transfer means to expand and contract under the action of fluid pressure, the elastic And lubricating material supply means for supplying a lubricating material to the earth and sand at the position of the membrane .
[0010]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the lubricating material is supplied to the earth and sand at the position of the elastic film, and the frictional resistance of the earth and sand passing through the elastic film is reduced.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view showing the entire shield excavator . As shown, the shield excavator 1 has a cutter 2 at an upper end thereof to enable upward excavation . The cutter 2 is rotatably supported by a shield casing 3 and is rotated by a cutter drive motor 4. The shield casing 3 has an outer cylinder 5 extending vertically and a funnel-shaped chamber 6 provided at an upper end of the outer cylinder 5. An earth discharging pipe 7 for discharging the excavated earth and sand is connected to the center of the lower end of the chamber 6. The discharging pipe 7 extends along the axial direction of the outer cylindrical portion 5 to define and form a discharging passage 7a. In addition, the discharging pipe 7 has a split structure in which the lower end is connected to the reaction force casing 8. Reaction force casing 8, as described above, is formed on the splittable tubular is spliced with the excavation of the shield machine 1. Inside, the earth and sand dropped from the discharge pipe 7 falls directly to the underground tunnel.
[0014]
The discharge pipe 7 forms an upper end and is connected to the chamber 6, an outlet pipe 9, a valve casing 11 of a pinch valve 10 connected to a lower part of the outlet pipe 9, and a valve casing 11 connected to a lower part of the valve casing 11. It mainly comprises an extension pipe 12 extending to the force casing 8. A partition plate 13 is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the outlet pipe 9, thereby partitioning the inside of the outer cylinder 5. An erector 15 for assembling the segment 14 is rotatably attached to a lower portion of the extension pipe 12, and the erector 15 is appropriately rotated and moved by a positioning motor 17 provided on a propulsion jack support beam 16. A plurality of propulsion jack support beams 16 are fixed to the extension pipe 12 and extend radially, and a propulsion jack 17 for propelling the shield casing 3 by pushing up the partition plate 13 upward is provided at each end. . When the shield casing 3 is propelled, the tail seal 18 at the lower end of the shield casing 3 slides on the segment 14. A plurality of support jacks 19 are provided along the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 5, which abut against the upper end of the segment 14 to receive a propulsion reaction force and assist the excavator 1 when the reaction force casing 8 is added. Support.
[0015]
FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of a soil removal amount adjusting device to which the present invention can be applied. This earth removal amount adjusting device 20 has the above-described pinch valve 10 connected to a lower portion of the outlet pipe 9. The pinch valve 10 has a valve casing 11 composed of a flange plate 21 positioned above and below, and an intermediate cylinder 22 fixed between the flange plates 21. The flange plate 21 has a ring-shaped groove 23 opened to the intermediate cylinder 22 side, and a ring-shaped holding piece 24 protruding toward the intermediate cylinder 22 inside the groove 23 in the radial direction. The holding piece 24 air-tightly holds the upper and lower ends of the elastic film 26 between the holding piece 24 and an obliquely formed corner 25 of the intermediate cylinder 22. The elastic film 26 is made of an elastic material such as rubber and is formed in a cylindrical shape having a relatively large thickness, and is normally in contact with the straight pipe portion 27 of the intermediate cylindrical body 22 and has the same inner diameter as the outlet pipe 9. By introducing a fluid pressure, in this case, an air pressure, into the cylinder 22, it is expanded or bulged radially inward as indicated by a phantom line to close the discharge pipe 7. The intermediate tube portion 28 of the intermediate cylindrical body 22 is bulged radially outward in a round shape, and a plurality of air pressure introduction ports 29 are provided therein, and air pressure is introduced from a pressure guiding tube 29a. The pressure guiding pipe 29a is connected to an air pressure supply device (not shown) such as a compressor. The pressure guiding tube 29a is also provided with a pressure sensor 30a for measuring the pressure of the fluid chamber 30 between the intermediate cylinder 22 and the elastic film 26.
[0016]
At the lower part of the pinch valve 10, there is provided a transfer means for appropriately transferring the earth and sand in the discharge pipe 7, that is, a driving device 32 for rotationally driving the paddle screw 31. The drive device 32 mainly includes a casing 33 connected to the lower flange plate 21 of the pinch valve 10, a drive motor 34 attached to the casing 33, and a drive member 35 meshed with a pinion gear 34a of the drive motor 34. Is composed of The drive member 35 is rotatable around the center of the discharge pipe 7 by upper and lower bearings 35b arranged in a circumferential direction, and a ring body 35a housed inside the casing 33 slides on the uneven outer surface of the seal ring 36. Touch to prevent intrusion of earth and sand. In particular, the seal ring 36 forms a part of the earth discharging pipe 7 or the extension pipe 12 together with the upper and lower end plates 33 a of the casing 33. A spoke 37 extends toward the center from the ring body 35a, and a tip of the spoke 37 is fixed to a boss 38. The boss 38 is fixed to a shaft portion 39 of the paddle screw 31 to substantially drive the paddle screw 31. .
[0017]
Referring also to FIG. 2, the shaft portion 39 of the paddle screw 31 extends in the axial direction of the discharging pipe 7, and the upper end thereof is rotatably supported by the bearing portion 40 of the cutter 2. A plurality of paddle members 41 projecting radially outward are fixed to the shaft portion 39 of the paddle screw 31. The paddle member 41 protrudes relatively short to the vicinity of the inner wall surface in the discharge pipe 7, but extends longer than these in the chamber 6. In particular, a paddle member 41 is not provided in a portion of the pinch valve 10 that passes through the elastic film 26, and a collar 43 whose vertical movement is restricted by upper and lower rings 42 is rotatably mounted. Then, as shown, the elastic film 26 abuts on the collar 43 when inflated, and stops the collar 43 with respect to the rotating shaft portion 39. Note that a paddle member 44 similar to the paddle screw 31 is also fixed to the outlet pipe 9. Here, the cross section of the paddle members 41 and 44 is a triangle that contracts downward.
[0018]
Next , the operation of the earth removal amount adjusting device 20 will be described.
[0019]
The earth and sand excavated by the cutter 2 is sent into the chamber 6, and is collected or collected in the outlet pipe 9 by gravity while being cut or divided by the rotating paddle member 41. Then, also in the outlet pipe 9, cutting is performed by the paddle members 41 and 44, and the earth and sand is sequentially dropped downward. Then, it sequentially passes through the earth discharging passage 7a between the elastic film 26 of the pinch valve 10 and the collar 43 and the spokes 37 of the driving member 35, that is, passes through the earth discharging pipe 7 and falls in the reaction force casing 8. You. The earth and sand that has fallen to the lower end of the reaction casing 8 is received by a conveyor or the like, conveyed through an underground tunnel, and discharged.
[0020]
In this way, the paddle screw 31 is different from the ribbon screw and the screw shaft in the conventional screw conveyor, in that the earth and the sand are not actively transported, but are cut to promote gravity transfer, and thereby, under relatively high earth pressure. To prevent the obstruction. The cutting of the earth and sand is also performed by the cooperative action of the paddle members 41 and 44 of both the paddle screw 31 and the outlet pipe 9.
[0021]
In order to adjust the discharge amount of the earth and sand, that is, the discharge amount, the air pressure is introduced / derived from / to the fluid chamber 30 between the intermediate cylinder 22 and the elastic film 26, and the elastic film 26 is appropriately expanded / contracted and discharged. This is performed by opening and closing the inside of the clay pipe 7. When the elastic film 26 is expanded, the earth discharging passage 7a in the earth discharging pipe 7 or between the earth 43 and the collar 43 is closed, whereby the fall of the earth and sand is restricted or restricted. Further, since the collar 43 is provided, there is no direct contact between the elastic film 26 and the shaft portion 39, and wear of the elastic film 26 due to sliding is avoided.
[0022]
By controlling the air pressure, the elastic film 26 can be deformed in any manner from a completely contracted state in which the discharging passage 7a is fully opened to a fully expanded state in which the discharging passage 7a is completely closed, thereby allowing the discharging passage 7a to have an intermediate opening degree. Can also be held. It is also possible to optimally increase or decrease the earth removal amount and control the pressure in the chamber 6 at the same time. The pressure in the chamber 6 is detected by an earth pressure gauge 45 (see FIG. 2) provided in the chamber 6. Such a pressure control has an advantage that the structure is simpler than a conventional mechanism control such as a gate valve.
[0023]
Thus, with the rotating paddle screw 31 inserted through the elastic film 26, the earth discharging passage 7a therebetween can be opened and closed, whereby the earth discharging amount adjusting device 20 can be placed above the driving device 32 or near the chamber 6. Can be located. Thereby, the blockage of the earth and sand in the lower part of the chamber 6 and the inside of the earth discharging pipe 7 is prevented, and stable and continuous earth discharging and operation become possible.
[0024]
Next, another example of the structure of the earth removal amount adjusting device to which the present invention is applicable will be described.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 3, in this example , a pinch valve 10a is added to a lower portion of the driving device 32 of the paddle screw 31. That is, the earth removal amount adjusting device 20 has two pinch valves 10 and 10a. Naturally, the elastic film 26 is also provided on the upper and lower sides, but this has the following merits.
[0026]
{Circle around (1)} Even when the upper pinch valve 10 is broken, the adjustment of the earth removal amount is compensated by the lower pinch valve 10a. Particularly in the upper pinch valve 10, since the elastic film 26 comes into contact with the hard collar 43, there is a possibility that damage such as perforation due to friction may occur. According to this, even in that case, it is possible to adjust the earth removal amount.
[0027]
(2) Even if the excavation is stopped for a long time, the inside of the discharge pipe 7 can be surely closed to improve the water stoppage. The elastic film 26 elastically deforms from the outside to the inside in the radial direction over the entire circumferential direction, and comes into contact with the collar 43 and the elastic film 26 itself to close the inside of the discharge pipe 7. However, although it is deformed in accordance with the shape of the partner, a slight gap is unavoidable, and in particular, in the case of a long-term stop, there is a concern that leakage of moisture or the like may occur. Therefore, by stopping the water with the two elastic films 26, leakage of moisture and the like can be reliably prevented.
[0028]
(3) Excessive earth removal at the time of sediment eruption can be prevented. The soil excavated by the cutter 2 changes in soil quality depending on the location, so that the earth pressure in the chamber 6 rapidly increases, and the elastic film 26 of the upper pinch valve 10 is forcibly deformed, so that earth and sand may erupt. . However, also in this case, the lower elastic film 26 regulates the spouted earth and sand, so that excessive discharging is prevented.
[0029]
In addition, as can be seen from this, even if the paddle screw 31 is omitted in the above-described example , the discharging passage 7a can be opened and closed. At this time, the transfer of the earth and sand is left solely to gravity and earth pressure, and such a configuration is possible if the soil quality is relatively good.
[0030]
Now, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the earth removal amount adjusting device of this embodiment is applicable to the earth removal amount adjusting device shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. Therefore, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only the characteristic portions will be described. In the apparatus for adjusting the amount of soil discharged according to the present embodiment, a supply pipe 46 for a lubricant is provided at a lower end of the outlet pipe 9, that is, at a position immediately above the pinch valve 10. The supply pipe 46 penetrates the outlet pipe 9 from the side, and one end thereof is directed downward along the inner wall of the outlet pipe 9. The other end of the supply pipe 46 is connected to a lubricant supply device (not shown). The lubricant supplied from the supply device is mixed into the earth and sand from one end of the supply pipe 46. As described above, the supply pipe 46 forms a lubricant supply means for supplying the lubricant to the earth and sand.
[0031]
The elastic film 26 expands by air pressure and applies a force to the earth and sand at this position. In this way, the earth and sand is formed into a hard part where the water is squeezed and a soft part where the water is rich, resulting in an unstable state. As a result, the state of earth removal becomes unstable, and the earth pressure in the chamber 6 also becomes unstable. Conventionally, the lubricating material is added in the chamber 6, but the effect is drastically reduced when the elastic film 26 is reached. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the lubricating material is supplied to the earth and sand just above the pinch valve 10, and the earth and sand are easily slipped immediately before the pinch valve 10 to facilitate the passage of the elastic film 26. In particular, at the start of earth removal, the static friction force, which is a resistance at that time, is greatly reduced, and smooth earth removal can be made possible. Here, as a lubricating material, bentonite or the like, which is known as a mudifier, is effective.
[0032]
Next, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, an elastic band 47 is adhered to the outer surface of the elastic film 26 over the entire circumferential direction. The elastic band 47 forms a reservoir 48 for the lubricant with the elastic film 26. A pore 49 is formed in the elastic film 26, and the pore 49 allows the lubricant in the reservoir 48 to flow out of the elastic film 26. The elastic band 47 is provided at the upper end of the elastic film 26, and the upper portion of the intermediate tube 22 is not provided with the straight pipe portion 27 in order to secure the space. A supply pipe 50 having flexibility is connected to the elastic band 47, and the supply pipe 50 extends to the outside from the introduction port 29 and is connected to a lubricant supply device (not shown). The elastic band 47 is formed of an elastic material such as rubber and has a relatively small thickness, and can be deformed following the deformation of the elastic film 26. The supply pipe 50 has an extra length in the fluid chamber 30 so that the supply pipe 50 can move in accordance with the deformation and movement of the elastic band 47.
[0033]
Also in this configuration, the lubricant can be supplied at the position of the elastic film 26, thereby stabilizing the state of the earth discharging.
[0034]
Next, in a third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a supply passage 51 for a lubricant is formed inside the shaft portion 39 of the paddle screw 31. The supply passage 51 extends from the lower end of the shaft portion 39 along the center thereof to the upper end position of the elastic film 26, where the supply passage 51 is diametrically or radially branched and opened at the surface of the shaft portion 39. A supply pipe 52 rotatable relative to the shaft 39 is connected to a lower end of the supply passage 51, and the supply pipe 52 is connected to a lubricant supply device (not shown). Thus, the sliding material is supplied from the supply passage 51 into the discharge pipe 7 to the discharge passage 7a, and the state of the discharge is stabilized.
[0035]
In addition to the above embodiment, the present invention can be modified and changed in various modes. For example, the elastic film 26 can be expanded and contracted by hydraulic pressure.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.
[0037]
(1) According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the state of earth removal and to enable smooth earth removal.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a structural example of a soil discharge amount adjusting device to which the present invention can be applied .
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the entire shield machine.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view showing another example of the structure of the earth removal amount adjusting device to which the present invention can be applied .
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view showing the first embodiment of the present invention .
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention .
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention .
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional front view showing the whole of a conventional shield machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 7 Discharge pipe 7a Discharge passage 20 Discharge amount adjusting device 26 Elastic film 31 Paddle screw 46 Supply pipe 47 Elastic band 48 Storage section 49 Pores 50 Supply pipe 51 Supply passage 52 Supply pipe

Claims (1)

An earth removal amount adjusting device for a shield excavator that excavates upward, comprising: an earth discharging pipe for discharging the excavated earth and sand downward; a transfer means for appropriately transferring earth and sand within the earth discharging pipe; An elastic film provided on the earth pipe, which expands and contracts by the action of fluid pressure to open and close the earth discharging passage with the transfer means; and a lubricating material supply for supplying a lubricating material to the earth and sand at the position of the elastic film. Means for adjusting the amount of earth removed from a shield machine.

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