JP3552809B2 - Water sealing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a water sealing device that discharges moisture generated in an airtight chamber to the outside while maintaining the airtightness of the airtight chamber, or supplies the water required in the airtight chamber from the outside while maintaining the airtightness, and frequently relates to a water sealing apparatus. The present invention is suitable for a high-speed railway vehicle or the like that is subject to pressure fluctuations and has restrictions on the height direction and weight of the device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a vehicle traveling at a high speed, the external pressure fluctuates by several hundred mmAq due to passage through a tunnel or passing of a vehicle. However, when this is transmitted to the interior of the vehicle, passengers may feel uncomfortable, so that the interior of the vehicle is airtight. When moisture is generated in an airtight chamber, a water sealing device using a head in a water storage chamber is used as a device for discharging the water to the outside when the degree of airtightness is relatively low. For example, since the drain of the cooling device and the drainage of the washroom are generated from the room, the above-described water sealing device is used in a portion for discharging the drain to the outside of the airtight room.
[0003]
As a water seal device for vehicles, there is a siphon type water seal device in which an inflow water storage chamber and an outflow water storage chamber are connected by a siphon pipe (Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-11453).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The amount of variation in pressure resistance of the conventional siphon type water sealing device is determined by the height of the siphon pipe and the height from the lower end of the siphon pipe to the upper end of the drain pipe. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the height dimension in order to improve the pressure resistance.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the case of railway vehicles, there is a limit to the height at which the water sealing device can be mounted, and when a higher speed of the vehicle requires a higher withstand pressure fluctuation amount, the conventional water sealing device cannot cope.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a water sealing device having a small height and a high pressure resistance.
[0007]
[Means for solving the problem]
The present invention includes at least two U-shaped tubes each having an open upper end, one end of one U-shaped tube is connected to an inflow port communicating with the airtight chamber, and the other end is connected to one end of the other U-shaped tube, the other end of the other U-shaped tube is connected to a discharge port leading to the outside air, communicates with the upper end side to each other with a small hole in each of the U-shaped tube, the diameter of the small holes, the fluctuation of the external atmospheric pressure On the other hand, it is set so as to drain the water while keeping the pressure in the airtight chamber almost constant. As a result, when the internal pressure of the airtight chamber is P1 and the external pressure is P3, the differential pressure shared by each U-shaped pipe is equal. For example, in the case of a triple U-shaped pipe, it becomes (P3-P1) / 3, and the series U-shaped pipe Is three times the withstand pressure of each U-tube. As described above, it is possible to realize a water seal device having a larger withstand pressure fluctuation amount with a device having a small height dimension.

[0008]
[Action]
Since the two U-shaped tubes are connected in series, it is possible to cope with a pressure difference up to twice the airtight height of each U-shaped tube. For this reason, the height of the device can be reduced. In addition, since each U-shaped tube communicates with a small hole, a part of the air in the hermetic chamber must escape to the outside within a small amount that does not affect the air pressure in the hermetic chamber (take in the case of negative pressure). Can be. For this reason, drainage can be continued in a state where pressure is applied.
[0009]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an example in which two U-shaped tubes are arranged, and shows a state in which water is filled in a water storage chamber. The water storage chamber 6 is provided with an inflow pipe 4 communicating with the airtight chamber, and the water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7 form a U-shaped pipe. The water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7 are also connected by the orifice 1 at a position sufficiently high with respect to the water channel. In other words, the water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7 are connected at the upper end of the water channel of the U-shaped pipe by the orifice 1 of the air channel. Water storage chamber 6 and reservoir chamber 7 is delimited by the weir 12, the water enters the water storage chamber 8 over the weir 12. The water storage chamber 8 and the water storage chamber 9 are connected with the U-shaped pipe and the orifice 2 in the same manner as the water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7. This forms a double U-tube. The shape and sectional area of the orifice 2 are made equal to those of the orifice 1. The hole diameter of the orifices 1 and 2 is about 6 mm. Finally, the water is discharged from the water storage chamber 9 to the outside by the drain pipe 14. Each volume of the water storage chambers 6, 7, 8, 9 is substantially the same.
[0010]
FIG. 2 shows a state immediately before the airtightness is broken due to a decrease in the pressure outside the airtight chamber. That is, the pressure above the water storage chamber 6 is P1 (internal pressure), the pressure above the water storage chambers 7 and 8 is P2, and the pressure above the water storage chamber 9 is P3 (external pressure). By the action of orifice 1 and orifice 2,
P2 = (P1 + P3) / 2 ----- Equation 1
Holds. That is, in the case of a double U-tube type as shown in FIG. 1, P1−P2 = (P1−P3) / 2 −−− 2
Holds.
[0011]
In this case, the head H = h1 + h2. For example, if the water head per U-tube is set to 500 mmAq, the whole apparatus will be 500 × 2 = 1000 mmAq. For this reason, a large head can be obtained while keeping the height of the device small.
[0012]
FIG. 3 shows a state where the pressure difference disappears and P1 = P2. At this time, P1 = P2 = P3 due to the action of the orifices 1 and 2. The water level is equal between the water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7 by the action of the U-shaped pipe, and the water storage chamber 8 and the water storage chamber 9 are equal.
[0013]
If water is injected from the water inlet in this state, the water level in the water storage chamber 7 rises as the water level in the water storage chamber 6 rises. When the water level in the water storage chamber 7 rises, the upper air layer of the water storage chamber 7 and the water storage chamber 8 is compressed, and if there is no orifice, the pressure rises. This increase in pressure causes channel resistance, causing a water head in the water storage chamber 6 to prevent drainage. However, according to the present embodiment, the orifices 1 and 2 are provided above the water storage chambers 7 and 8, and P1 = P2 = P3 by the orifices 1 and 2 regardless of the water levels of the water storage chambers 6, 7, 8, and 9. Become. That is, no water channel resistance is caused by the pressure increase. Water injection is continued, and when the water storage chamber 7 becomes full, the water storage chamber 8 and the water storage chamber 9 are filled with water over the weir 12. Then, the water is drained from the drain port 14.
[0014]
FIG. 4 shows a state immediately before the airtightness is broken due to an increase in the pressure outside the airtight chamber. By the action of the orifices 1 and 2, the above equation 1 is established, and the equation 3 is established.
[0015]
P2-P1 = (P3-P1) / 2-2 ---- Equation 3
Holds.
[0016]
When a railway vehicle enters a tunnel at high speed or passes an oncoming vehicle in the tunnel, the pressure outside the vehicle increases in the direction of positive pressure or increases in the direction of negative pressure. This interior pressure also changes greatly. The water seal device needs to be water sealed against this pressure change. In the above-mentioned railway vehicle, the time from when the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the vehicle is maximum to the time when the pressure returns to the normal pressure state is about 20 seconds.
[0017]
In the above embodiment, the orifices 1 and 2 break the water sealing action. For this reason, the diameters of the orifices 1 and 2 are determined so that good drainage can be performed in the above-mentioned approximately 20 seconds. Further, the diameters of the orifices 1 and 2 are determined so that the orifices 1 and 2 function as a normal water sealing device when the pressure changes from the normal pressure state to the maximum pressure. In other words, it is determined that passengers in the vehicle will not be out of obstacles such as ears.
[0018]
FIG. 5 shows an example in which U-shaped tubes are arranged in three rows in order to obtain a high pressure resistance, and shows a state where the water is filled in the water storage chamber. The water storage chamber 6 is provided with the inflow pipe 2 communicating with the airtight chamber, and the water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7 form a U-shaped pipe. The water storage chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 7 are connected by an orifice 1 at a position sufficiently high with respect to the water channel. The water storage room 7 and the water storage room 8 are separated by a weir 12, and water passes over the weir 12 and enters the water storage room 8. Three U-tubes having the same structure and water storage chambers combined with orifices are connected in series. Finally, the water is discharged from the water storage chamber 11 to the outside through the drain pipe 14.
[0019]
FIG. 6 shows a state immediately before the airtightness is broken due to a decrease in the pressure outside the airtight chamber. That is, the pressure in the water storage chamber 1 is P1 (internal pressure), the pressure in the water storage chambers 2 and 3 is P2, and the pressure in the water storage chambers 4 and 5 is P3. Assuming that the external pressure is P4, due to the action of the orifice, the pressure of each air portion at the top of the three connected U-tubes is
P2 = (2 × P1 + P4) / 3 −−−− 4
P3 = (P1 + 2 × P4) / 3 −−−− 4
Holds. That is, considering the differential pressure in the case of a triple U-tube as shown in FIG.
P1−P2 = (P1−P4) / 3 −−−− 5
P2-P3 = (P1-P4) / 3-3 ---- Equation 6
Holds.
[0020]
In this case, the head H = h1 + h2 + h3. For example, if the water head per U-tube is set to 500 mmAq, the entire apparatus becomes 500 × 3 = 1500 mmAq. If the number of U-shaped tubes is increased in series as shown in this figure, it is theoretically possible to provide a water seal device capable of responding to a required head of any height.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, like a conventional siphon-type water-sealing apparatus, since there is no movable part, it has the advantage that maintenance is not troublesome and there is little clogging. A water seal device having a pressure fluctuation amount can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a double U-tube type water sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is full.
FIG. 2 is a diagram immediately before airtightness is broken due to high pressure on the inflow side of the water sealing device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram when the pressure on the inflow side and the pressure on the outflow side of the water sealing device in FIG. 1 are balanced.
FIG. 4 is a diagram immediately before airtightness is broken due to high pressure on the outflow side of the water sealing device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a triple U-shaped water seal device according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is full.
FIG. 6 is a diagram immediately before airtightness is broken due to high pressure on the inflow side of the water seal device of FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2, 3 ... orifice, 4 ... inflow pipe, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ... water storage chamber, 12, 13 ... weir, 14 ... discharge pipe.

Claims (1)

At least two U-shaped pipes each having an open upper end are provided. One end of one U-shaped pipe is connected to an inflow port communicating with the airtight chamber , the other end is connected to one end of the other U-shaped pipe, and the other U-shaped pipe is connected. the other end of the tube is connected to a discharge port leading to the outside air, communicates with the upper end side to each other in each of the U-shaped tube with a small hole, the diameter of the small holes, to variations in ambient air pressure, the A water sealing device characterized in that it is set so as to drain while keeping the air pressure in the airtight chamber substantially constant .

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